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Unit 3 Understanding ideas (Grammar)
【学习目标】
1.能通过阅读指定文章,准确找出含有动名词和动词不定式作宾语的句子。
2.能总结动名词和动词不定式作宾语的用法及常见的动词搭配。
3.能将所学的动名词和动词不定式作宾语的语法知识灵活运用到实际语境中,提高语法应用能力。
【自主预习】
一、单词速查(根据句意及汉语提示填写单词)
1.We should (应用) what we learned to the practice.
2.More and more old people begin to use (智能的) phones now.
3.You should be careful when you use this (机器).
4.Our teacher always (提醒) us not to swim in the river.
5.— (祝贺) to you.
—Thank you.
6.—What is the (广告) about
—It is about how to get a computer on sale.
7.Do you like to record your (日常的) life
8.I am sorry to (使忧虑) you.
9.Linda is an (富有想象力的) girl.
10.Lucy’s father had Parkinson’s (疾病),so Lucy had to look after him well.
二、短语速记(根据汉语提示补全句子,每空一词)
1.It’s easy to come up with problems but hard to (解决问题).
2.After Maria won the race, good news came (接二连三).
3.Jim (打翻) the milk just now because of his sickness.
4.I think the (智能机器) is quite useful.
5.My grandfather is very old and he has to walk with a smart (拐棍).
三、情境创生(在今天的“口语十分钟”活动中,同学们纷纷谈论了他们在报纸上、杂志上或网上了解到的小发明。让我们一起看看同学们谈论了哪些发明吧!)
1.张霞想表达她昨天在报纸上看到了一个新的发明——一个有三条腿的杯子,她可以这么说:
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2.王蒙想表达智能手杖对盲人很有帮助,他可以这么说:
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·学法指导·
完成该部分前,先预习课本Understanding ideas 6和7,做到心中有数。
【合作探究】
任务驱动一初探动名词和动词不定式作宾语
1.阅读课本Understanding ideas 2的文章A helping hand,找出并写下含有动名词和动词不定式作宾语的句子。
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2.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)David wants (be) a doctor when he grows up.
(2)Bob kept (do) his homework until 8:00 p.m.
(3)He enjoys (play) basketball after school.
(4)Ben decided (join) the reading club.
任务驱动二探究动名词和动词不定式作宾语的用法规则
1.动名词和动词不定式都是一种非谓语动词形式,没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能作谓语。
2.动名词和动词不定式的构成。
(1)动词不定式的结构是“to+动词原形”,其否定式为“not+to+动词原形”。
(2)动名词的结构是“动词+-ing”,其否定式为“not+动词+-ing”。
(3)后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词(词组):
想要 , 希望 , 开始 , 学习 , 尝试 , 决定 , 忘记 , 记得 , 喜欢 , 预料 , 同意 , 拒绝 , 计划 , 选择 , 需要 。
【警示】动词不定式只能作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。
(4)后面接动名词作宾语的动词(词组):
完成 , 练习 , 忙于 , 继续 , 喜欢 , 放弃 , 介意 , 错过 。
【警示】动名词既可作动词的宾语也可作介词的宾语。
任务驱动三巩固动名词和动词不定式作宾语的用法
1.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)Ben usually finishes (have) breakfast at 7:30 a.m.
(2)Peter hopes (visit) the science museum this weekend.
(3)Look! They are practicing (play) football in the playground.
(4)Mary agreed (help) me with my English.
(5)She wants (learn) how to cook.
2.各小组派代表将组内成员的做题情况在班内进行展示。
【知识探究】
He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. 他喜欢接二连三地解决问题。
用法总结　
1.enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,它与“be fond of doing sth.”同义。例如:
I enjoy running in the morning. 我喜欢早上跑步。
2.fix problems意为“解决问题”。例如:
If you want to fix problems, you should sit down and have a talk. 如果你想解决问题,你就应该坐下来谈谈。
3.one after another意为“一个接一个,接二连三”。例如:
There goes the bell. Students are running into the classroom one after another. 铃声响了。学生一个接一个地跑进教室。
知识拓展　fix作动词,还可意为“修理;修复;安装”。
素养训练　根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
1.我喜欢打太极拳。
I playing Taichi.
2.这些鱼接二连三地向我游来。
The fish are swimming to me .　
3.我想叫李叔叔帮我解决这些问题。
I want to ask Uncle Li to help me these .
Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. 盲人学生在学校四处走动有困难。
用法总结　
1.have a hard time doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”,与“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”同义。例如:
I have a hard time learning English. 我在学英语方面有困难。
2.move around意为“四处走动”。例如:
Don’t move around when you are in the reading room. 当你在阅览室的时候,不要四处走动。
素养训练　用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.I have a hard time (work) out the maths problem.
2.The old man has difficulty (move) around because he is ill.
【参考答案】
自主预习
一、
1.apply　2.smart　3.machine　4.warns
5.Congratulations　6.advertisement　7.everyday
8.trouble　9.imaginative　10.disease
二、
1.fix/solve problems　2.one after another
3.knocked over　4.smart machine　5.walking stick
三、
1.Yesterday, I saw a new invention in the newspaper—a cup with three legs.
2.The smart walking stick is very helpful to the blind.
合作探究
任务驱动一
1.He always tried to improve his work.
Easton kept working on it.
He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
He didn’t want to make money from it.
He decided to post his design online...for free!
2.(1)to be　(2)doing　(3)playing　(4)to join
任务驱动二
2.(3)want/would like, hope/wish, begin/start, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like/love, expect, agree, refuse, plan, choose, need
(4)finish, practice, be busy, keep, enjoy, give up, mind, miss
任务驱动三
1.(1)having　(2)to visit　(3)playing　(4)to help
(5)to learn
知识探究
命题点一
1.enjoy/like/love　2.one after another
3.fix/solve; problems
命题点二
1.working　2.moving

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