资源简介

Unit 1　Back to school
一、 单词学记
(一) 英汉对记(31组)
1. potential n. 潜力；可能性
adj. 潜在的，可能的 (2)
2. senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的
n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员 (2)
3. path n. 道路；小路；成功的途径 (2)
4. positive adj. 积极乐观的；良好的，正面的(2)
5. opportunity n. 机会，时机 (2)
6. effort n. 努力，费力的事；试图 (2)
7. resource n. 资源；资料；谋略 (3)
8. facility n. 设施，设备；场所 (3)
9. attitude n. 态度，看法 (3)
10. goal n. 目标；进球得分(3)
11. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性
n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 (3)
12. improve vt. & vi. 改进，改善 (3)
13. character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字(3)
14. ahead adv. (时间、空间)向前；提前(5)
15. junior adj. (学校)为 11 或 13岁以下儿童设立的；地位(或级别)低的；青少年的
n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 (5)
16. focus n. 焦点，重点
vt. & vi. 集中(6)
17. detail n. 细节；具体情况(6)
18. tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 (7)
19. aim n. 目的，目标
vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对(9)
20. style n. 风格；方式；样式 (9)
21. material n. 材料；素材
adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的(9)
22. secondary adj. 中学的；次要的(11)
23. exchange n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换(11)
24. host n. 主人；东道主；主持人
vt. 主办；主持(11)
25. biology n. 生物学(11)
26. tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的(11)
27. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器
vt. 使惊恐，使害怕(11)
28. butter n. 黄油(12)
29. pudding n. 甜点；布丁(12)
30. rugby n. 橄榄球运动(12)
31. calligraphy n. 书法，书法艺术(13)
【语境助记】
(1) More efforts should be made in senior high school than in junior high school to take advantage of the school resources and facilities,_catch opportunities and have a _positive attitude_to discover one's potential and achieve one's goals．
高中要比初中投入更多的努力，利用学校的资源和设施，抓住机会，用积极的态度发现自己的潜能，实现自己的目标。
(2) In the path of improving yourself, balance your schoolwork and the other activities, focus on the details and follow the teachers' tips,_aiming at forming your own character and style in the years _ahead．
在提升自己的道路上，要平衡学习和其他活动之间的关系，关注细节，听从老师的建议，旨在在未来的岁月里形成自己的特色和风格。
(3) An exchange student from a British secondary school, who loves butter and puddings,_becomes fond of Chinese calligraphy,_learns a tough subject—Biology,_makes an alarm with some strange materials,_and hosts a rugby competition.
来自英国中等学校的一个喜欢黄油和甜点的交换生，爱上了中国书法，学了一门艰难的课程——生物，还用一些奇怪的材料制作了一个闹钟，并主持了一场橄榄球比赛。
(二) 拓展倍记(18组)
1. challenge n. & vt. 挑战；质疑(2)→challenging adj. 挑战性的，考验能力的；挑起争论的，不赞同的
2. thinking n. 思维，思想；想法(2)→think vt. & vi. 认为，以为；想，思考，思索→thought n. 想法，看法，主意；思想；思考，思维
3. acquire vt. 获得，得到(2)→acquisition n. 获得，得到；购置，收购；购得物
4. advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进vt. & vi. 发展，进步(3)→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的，高等的；后期的
5. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的(3)→amaze vt. 使惊奇；使惊愕；使惊诧→amazed adj. 大为惊奇→amazement n. 惊奇；惊愕；惊诧
6. confidence n. 信心，信任；把握(3)→confident adj. 自信的；确信的→confidently adv. 自信地
7. individual n. 个人adj. 单独的，个别的(3)→individuality n. 个性，个人特征
8. responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的(3)→irresponsible adj. 不负责任的，无责任感的→responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务；任务
9. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的(5)→depend vi. 取决于；依靠，依赖；指望，信赖→dependent adj. 依靠的，依赖的；有瘾的；受……的影响，取决于→dependence n. 依靠，依赖，依存；瘾；相关(性)，依存(关系)→independence n. 独立，自主，自立→independently adv. 独立地，自主地，自立地
10. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营(7)→basic adj. 基本的，基础的；初级的，初步的；必需的→basis n．(pl. bases)基础；原因；基准
11. proposal n. 提议，建议，动议(9)→propose vt. & vi. 提议，建议；计划；求婚
12. technique n. 技巧，技艺；技能(9)→technical adj. 技术的，技能的，工艺的；技艺的；专科的，专业的
13. professional adj. 职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的n. 专门人员，专业人士(9)→profession n. 行业，职业；同业，同行，同人
14. poster n. 海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人(9)→post vt. 寄，邮寄；张贴，公布
15. contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠(11)→contribute vt. & vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；是……的原因之一；增加，增进，添加→contributor n. 撰稿人；捐款者，捐赠者，作出贡献者；促成物
16. fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏(11)→fortune n. 机会，运气；大笔的钱，巨款→misfortune n. 厄运，不幸→fortunate adj. 幸运的，交好运的，吉利的→unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的；可惜的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地，可惜地
17. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课(12)→optional adj. 可选择的；选修的
18. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)(12)→attraction n. 爱慕，吸引；向往的地方；有吸引力的事；有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)→attractive adj. 诱人的；吸引人的；令人愉快的；有吸引力的
【语境助记】
Independent of the theoretical bases and others' proposals,_ individuals with challenging thinking,_ based on their professional techniques,_will have confidence in taking part in some amazing optional courses and gain advanced knowledge, becoming attractive and _responsible posters and contributors to certain areas fortunately．
有挑战性思维的人不依赖理论基础，也不依赖别人的提议，基于自己的专业技能，他们将在参与一些令人惊奇的选修课程中信心十足，并能获得高深的知识，从而幸运地成为吸引人的、负责任的发帖者和一些领域的贡献者。
(三) 合成并记(2组)
1. well rounded adj. 全面发展的；面面俱到的(3)
2. workshop n. 研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊(9)
【语境助记】
Those with a positive mind will attend a variety of advanced workshops,_growing into well rounded individuals in time.
有积极心态的人会参加各种高级研讨会，最终成为全面发展的人。
(四) 短语强记(10组)
1. lie in 存在于，在于(2)
2. rise to 能够处理(2)
3. make a difference 起作用，有影响(3)
4. make the most of充分利用，尽情享受(3)
5. take advantage of利用(3)
6. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 (3)
7. look forward to 盼望，期待(5)
8. as a result of 由于(6)
9. stick to 坚持；固守，维持(7)
10. over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之(12)
(五) 重点例释(20组)
1. potential n. 潜力；可能性
adj. 潜在的，可能的
①Every seed is a potential plant.
每粒种子都可能长成植物。
②While the sales figure of the new range of products is relatively small, the potential market is large.
尽管新系列产品的销售数字相对较小，但潜在市场很大。
③Efforts will be made to innovate new teaching models to exploit students' potential.
将努力创新教学模式以便能开发学生的潜力。
2. challenge n. & vt. 挑战；质疑
(1) challenger n. 挑战者
(2) challenging adj. 挑战性的，考验能力的；
挑起争论的，不赞同的
①Up to now, our society has been challenged with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.
到目前为止，我们的社会一直面临着生存空间有限和自然资源匮乏的挑战。
②If the challenger wins, he will become the new world heavyweight champion.
如果挑战者获胜，他将成为新的重量级拳击世界冠军。
③She's a challenging woman, isn't she
她真是一个有吸引力的女人，不是吗？
3. acquire vt. 获得，得到
①We want people to acquire the habit of using public transport instead of their cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通而不是私家车的习惯。
②He acquired a good knowledge of English by careful study.
他通过认真学习掌握了英语。
4. advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进
vt. & vi. 发展，进步
(1) in advance 提前；预先；超前
(2) in advance of 在……前面；超过
(3) made great advance(s) 取得很大的进步
(4) advance on/towards
(尤指武装部队的)前进，行进
(5) advanced adj. 高级的；先进的；(发展)晚期的
①It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology.
它并不会像科技进步之前那样孤独。
②The crowd advanced on/towards us, shouting angrily.
人群愤怒地喊叫着并向我们逼近。
③You should make a careful plan in advance.
你应当预先制订周密的计划。
④The advanced worker kept on studying advanced technology and made great advances.
这位先进工作者一直在学习先进技术，并且取得了巨大的进步。
5. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的
(1) amaze vt. 使惊奇；使惊愕；使惊诧
(2) amazed adj. 大为惊奇
(3) be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶
(4) be amazed to do sth 因做某事而感到惊讶
(5) amazement n. 惊奇；惊愕；惊诧
(6) in amazement 惊奇地
(7) to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
①Tom was amazed at the girl's calmness and quick mind.
汤姆惊讶于这个女孩的镇定和机智。
②I was amazed to see Bolt break the world record at an amazing speed of 9.58 seconds in the 100 metres race. When I told my classmate about it, he shouted in amazement.
我很吃惊地看到博尔特在百米比赛中以令人惊讶的9.58秒打破了世界纪录。当我告诉我同学这件事的时候，他惊讶地喊了起来。
6. confidence n. 信心，信任；把握
(1) have confidence in/that … 对……有信心
(2) with confidence 肯定地；有把握地
(3) confident adj. 自信的；确信的
(4) be confident in sth 对某事有信心
(5) be confident about/of (doing) sth
对(做)某事有把握
(6) be confident that … 肯定；对……坚信
①He plays with confidence; as a result, every game he improves a lot.
他踢得很自信，因此，每一场比赛他都有很大提高。
②Freddy was very confident about his singing.
弗雷迪对他的歌声很有信心。
③Compared with them，we are more confident in success.
和他们相比，我们更有信心取得成功。
④He is confident of passing the driving test.
他确信自己能通过驾驶测试。
7. make a difference 起作用，有影响
(1) make a big/a great deal of/a lot of difference (to sb/sth) (对某人/某事)有很大的影响(作用)；很重要
(2) make no difference (to sb/sth)
(对某人/某事)没有影响；没有作用
(3) make some difference 有些作用(关系、影响)
①The rain didn't make a lot of difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。
②It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
不管他去还是不去，对我都没影响。
8. make the most of 充分利用，尽情享受
(1) make use of 利用，使用
(2) make good/full/little use of
好好/充分/不充分利用
(3) make the best of 充分利用
①She really tries to make the most of herself by dressing well.
她确实想通过穿着漂亮尽量发挥自己的优势。
②So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
③He has made up his mind to make the best of every minute to study.
他决心充分利用每一分钟学习。
9. take advantage of 利用
(1) advantage n. 有利条件，有利因素，优势；优点；优势分
vt. 使处于有利地位，有利于，有助于
(2) disadvantage n. 不利因素；不便之处
vt.伤害，使处于不利地位
(3) have an advantage over
优于，比……占有优势
①He thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.
他认为滚动比滑动有明显的优势。
②I'm going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。
③At the same time, other people claim this seems to be a great disadvantage to children.
同时，另一些人声称这会对孩子大为不利。
④The children from poor families were at a distinct disadvantage.
来自贫困家庭的孩子们处于明显的不利地位。
10. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的
n. 同等的人(物)
linking v. 与……相等
vt. 比得上
①Men and women have equal rights in China.
在中国男女都有平等的权利。
②Women want equal pay for equal work.
妇女要求同工同酬。
③Mary is quite equal to Bill in brains.
玛丽跟比尔一样聪明。
④Eight times eight equals sixty four.
八乘八等于六十四。
⑤No one equals him in strength.
论力气，谁也比不上他。
11. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性
n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力
(1) keep one's balance保持平衡
(2) lose one's balance失去平衡
(3) out of balance不平衡
(4) balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.
你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。
②He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
他上楼时失去平衡伤了自己。
③I want to confess: “My life is out of balance.”
我想要坦白：“我的生活失去了平衡。”
④His mother told him the importance of a balanced diet.
他妈妈告诉他饮食均衡的重要性。
12. focus n. 焦点，重点
vt. & vi. 集中
(1) focus on 集中精力于……
(2) focus/fix one's attention on
把某人的注意力集中于……
(3) the focus of attention 关注的焦点
①The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.
教练能够把注意力集中在孩子们身上，而其余的家长们也为免除了下个赛季的烦恼而感到宽慰。
②It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.
这是会议上关注的主要焦点。
③They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。
④They focused all their attention on finding a solution to the problem.
他们集中全部注意力寻找解决问题的办法。
13. as a result of 由于
(1) result n. 后果，结果；得分
vi. 发生；产生
(2) as a result 结果；因此
(3) without result 徒劳；毫无结果
(4) result from (因……)发生；(随……)产生
(5) result in(＝lead to) 导致；造成
①As a result, I have totally changed my shape.
因此，我已经完全改变了我的身材。
②The conditions are poor; as a result, the workers left.＝The workers left as a result of the poor conditions.
由于条件太差，工人们离开了。
③Let us hope that peace will result from our talks.
让我们期望，我们的会谈会带来和平。
④His carelessness resulted in his failure.
他的粗心导致了他的失败。
14. base vt. 以……为基础(依据)　
n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营
(1) base … on/upon
把……建立在……的基础上
(2) at the base of
以……为基点；在……的底部
(3) be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据
①A Chinese television drama, titled In the Name of People, was based on the same novel, written by Zhou Meisen.
一部中国电视剧，名为《人民的名义》，以周梅森所写的同名小说为蓝本。
②If you base an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
如果把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。
③They found the plane at the base of the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了飞机。
15. remind vt. 提醒，使想起
(1) remind sb of sth
提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事
(2) remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
(3) remind sb that …
使某人想起……，提醒某人……
①I don't want them to remind me of her.
我不想因它们想起她来。
②Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
③I was about to call Jack to remind him that we would meet at 8：00 a．m. when he came in.
我正要给杰克打电话提醒他我们在上午8点见面的时候，他进来了。
16. exchange n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换
(1) in exchange for … 作为对……的交换
(2) have/make an exchange of … 交换……
(3) exchange A for B把A兑换成B
(4) exchange sth with sb
与某人交流某事/交换某物
①I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week's accommodation.
我提出要粉刷厨房，条件是让我免费住宿一周。
②To reach an agreement, we had an exchange of thoughts.
为了达成一致意见，我们交换了想法。
③I wouldn't exchange my apple with him for anything.
无论他拿什么东西，我都不与他交换我的苹果。
④I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。
17. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器
vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
(1) in alarm 惊恐地
(2) give the alarm to … 给……发警报
(3) alarmed adj. 担心；害怕
(4) be alarmed at/by … 对……大为惊慌
(5) be alarmed to do … 对做……感到恐慌
(6) alarming adj. 令人惊恐的；令人惊慌的；引起恐慌的
①I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open.
当风把门吹开的时候我惊慌地转身。
②The little girl was alarmed at the snake.
这个小女孩被蛇吓了一跳。
③The boy was alarmed to see the bear walking to him.
这个男孩看到熊走向他，很是惊慌。
④We were alarmed at the alarming scream as the scream did alarm us.
我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。
18. contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠
(1) make a contribution to …
对……有贡献/给……捐助
(2) contribute vt. & vi. 捐献，捐赠，捐助；是……的原因之一；增加，增进；发表意见
(3) contribute … to … 把……贡献给……
(4) contribute to 促进；有助于；发表意见
①He made an outstanding contribution to science.
他对科学做出了杰出的贡献。
②Many warm hearted people contributed some money to the sick girl.
许多热心肠的人为那个生病的女孩捐献了一些钱。
③I'm sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.
我相信你的建议会有助于问题的解决。
19. over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之
(1) in time for sth 赶上某事
(2) in no time 立即；马上
(3) at one time 曾经；一度
(4) at no time 从不；决不
(5) at a time 每次；依次
①Over time, you will learn from your mistakes and discover the key issues.
随着时间的推移，你将从错误中学习并发现那些关键问题。
②He braked his car just in time only to avoid an accident.
他及时刹车，避免了一次事故。
③At no time should we give in to difficulties.
我们在任何时候都不能向困难屈服。
④Do one thing at a time and do it well.
一次只做一件事情，并且要做好。
20. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)
(1) attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
(2) attract sb to sth 吸引某人关注某事
(3) attraction n. 爱慕，吸引；向往的地方；有吸引力的事
(4) attractive adj. 有吸引力的
①The player's wonderful performance attracted the coach's attention.
这个运动员出色的表现引起了教练的注意。
②What attracted me most to the job was the chance to travel.
这份工作最吸引我的地方是有机会旅行。
③To be honest, I can't tell what the attraction of this building is.
老实讲，我说不出这座建筑物有何吸引人的地方。
④It is said that the old town used to be an attractive place.
据说，这个古镇曾经是一个吸引人的地方。
二、 短语扩充
(一) 英汉对记(176组)
1. in puzzlement (P1) 在困惑/迷惑中
2. a senior high school principal 一个高中校长
3. make a booklet 制作一个小册子
4. a time of learning and discovery 一段学习和发现的时光
5. think of 想到，想起；认为
6. so far 迄今为止
7. do well 做得好，干得好
8. at senior high school 在高中
9. the speech below(P2) 下面的演讲
10. new senior high school students 高中新生
11. on the first day of term 开学第一天
12. think about 关心；考虑
13. the following questions 下面的问题
14. be different from … 与……不同
15. junior high school 初中
16. realize one's potential 发挥某人的潜能
17. the start of a new term 新学期的开始
18. a three year journey 一段三年的旅程
19. a promising future 一个美好的未来
20. can't wait to 迫不及待地
21. lead to 导致；通向
22. a world full of challenges 一个充满挑战的世界
23. new ways of thinking 新的思考方法
24. a positive mind 一个积极的心态
25. acquire great knowledge 获得渊博的知识
26. enjoy personal growth 享受个人成长
27. most importantly (常置于句首)最重要的是
28. open the door to one's potential 打开个人潜能的大门
29. put simply(P3) 简单地说，简而言之
30. natural ability 天生的/与生俱来的能力
31. works of art 艺术作品
32. make medical advances 取得医学上的突破/进展
33. develop amazing technologies 研发令人惊奇的技术
34. have confidence in … 对……有信心
35. over the next three years在今后/随后的三年里
36. discover one's potential 发现某人的潜能
37. school resources 学校资源
38. learn from one's teachers 向老师们学习
39. make use of 利用
40. join a club or two 参加一两个俱乐部
41. take an active part in 积极参加
42. of equal importance 同样重要的
43. set clear goals 设定清晰的目标
44. balance one's schoolwork with other activities 平衡学业和其他活动之间的关系
45. as a senior high school student 作为一名高中生
46. improve one's communication and problem solving skills 提高交流和解决问题的能力
47. look on the bright side 看到光明的一面；抱乐观的态度
48. never lose hope 永远不要失去希望
49. in difficult situations 在艰难的情况下，在困境中
50. in time 迟早；终于，最后；及时
51. grow into a well rounded individual 成长为一个全面发展的人，逐渐全面成长
52. a single step 只是一步，就一步
53. make a continuous effort 持续努力
54. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因
55. do one's best 尽力
56. the topic sentence(P4) 主题句
57. at the beginning of … 在……的开始
58. in the middle 在中间，在中途
59. at the end of … 在……的最后
60. in pairs以两人一组的形式，成双成对地
61. rhetorical devices 修辞手法
62. a formal talk 一场正式的讲话/报告
63. keep the audience interested 让观众感兴趣
64. all the time 一直，总是
65. present more of a challenge(P5) 呈现更多的挑战
66. in the years ahead 今后一些年里，在未来的岁月里
67. hold sb to higher standards 要求某人达到更高的标准
68. put a lot of efforts into one's studies 在学习中投入很多的努力
69. be very careful about … 对……很细心
70. fill in the table below 填下面的表格
71. leave out 省略，遗漏
72. parallel structures 平行结构；排比结构
73. add balance to sentences 增加句子的平衡性
74. make the language more powerful and effective 使语言更有力、有效
75. explore the rules(P6) 探究规则
76. give a short speech 发表一个简短演讲
77. the underlined sentences 画线的句子
78. live a happy life 过幸福的生活
79. in the future 将来，未来
80. develop good habits 培养好习惯
81. realize one's goals 实现某人的目标
82. achieve a goal 实现一个目标
83. make progress 取得进步
e true 变成现实，实现
85. work out the rules 制定规则，制定规章制度；弄清规则
86. a transitive verb 一个及物动词
87. the indirect/direct object 间接/直接宾语
88. refer to 指的是；提到，谈到；参考
89. the object complement 宾语补足语
90. apply the rules(P7) 应用规则
91. at high school 在中学
92. in many ways 在许多方面
93. push sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
94. (be) based on … 以……为根据，基于……
95. break big goals down into small ones 把大目标分解为小目标
96. be proud of … 为……而自豪
97. achieve one's long term goal 实现某人的长期目标
98. write … on paper 把……写在纸上
99. stick … on one's bedroom wall 把……贴在某人卧室的墙上
100. remind sb of … 提醒某人……，使某人想起……
101. keep sb focused 让某人专心致志
102. give up 放弃
103. stay positive 保持积极/乐观
104. in the end 最后
105. pay off偿清，还清(债务)；得到回报；成功；解雇
106. start a new school club(P8) 创办一个新的校园俱乐部
107. in the correct order 按正确的顺序
108. the signed proposal 签署的提议
109. with one's help 在某人的帮助下
110. set up 建立；安排，创建
111. sign up for报名参加
112. a short story writing club(P9) 一个短篇小说写作俱乐部
113. improve short story writing skills 提升短篇小说写作技能
114. short stories in different styles 不同风格的短篇小说
115. hold workshops 举办研讨会
116. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
117. professional writers 职业作家
118. give talks on … 做关于……的报告
119. make posters 制作海报
120. put up 张贴；举起；提高；为……提供住宿
121. in order to … (P10) 为了……
122. so that 以致；以便
123. intend to do sth 想要做某事；打算做某事
124. call for 要求，需要；提倡
125. aim to … 旨在，目的是……
126. be intended to … 目的是……
127. agree to one's suggestion 同意某人的提议
128. structure one's proposal 构思某人的提议
129. the target reader 目标读者
130. in terms of … 在……方面；从……角度看；根据……来说
131. give different types of comments 给出不同类型的评论
132. peer review 同行审查，同伴评估
133. extended reading(P11) 延伸阅读，拓展阅读
134. at a British secondary school 在英国的一所中学
135. as an exchange student 作为一名交换生
136. a lovely host family 一个亲切友好的寄宿家庭
137. in year ten 在十年级(美国常用 tenth grade)
138. get on well (with sb/sth) (与……)相处得好；……进展得好
139. move around 走来走去，走班上课
140. most of …大多数……
141. put the parts together 把零部件组装起来
142. less advanced 不那么高级/先进
143. not make a great contribution 贡献不大
144. be used to 习惯于
145. during the hour long lunchtime(P12) 在一个小时的午餐时间里
146. in the school dining hall 在学校食堂/餐厅
147. on the school's huge sports field 在学校的大操场
148. once a week 每周一次
149. make friends with … 和……交朋友
150. as well 也，同样
151. the mind map 思维导图
152. one's dream school 某人梦想中的学校
153. give reasons 给出理由
154. in groups(P13) 以小组的形式
155. school events 学校大事
156. teaching buildings 教学楼
157. interview one's teachers 采访某人的老师
158. find out 发现，查明
159. start with … 从/以……开始
160. general questions 一般性问题；一般疑问句
161. move on to specific ones 转到具体的问题
162. take photos 拍照
163. download pictures 下载图片
164. lay out铺开，展开，摊开；阐述，讲解，说明；规划，布置，设计
165. Chinese calligraphy 中国书法
166. optional courses 选修课程
167. be interested in … 对……感兴趣
168. practise doing sth 练习做某事
169. put on a calligraphy show 举办书法展览
170. rank one's performance level(P14) 给某人的表现评定等级
171. make an action plan 制定一个行动计划
172. further study 进一步学习/研究
173. UNESCO's official website 联合国教科文组织的官方网站
174. a man with disability 一个残疾男性
175. realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想
176. this heart warming story 这个暖心的故事
(二) 同词类记(2组)
● look(8)
1. look down on/upon看不起
2. look forward to盼望
3. look through浏览；仔细查看
4. look up向上看；查阅
5. look into调查；研究
6. look up to尊敬，敬仰
7. look back on回忆，回顾
8. look at注视；看待
● put(8)
1. put aside把……放到一边；储存
2. put away把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
3. put down放下；写下；镇压
4. put forward 提议，提出；拿出；推荐；将……提前
5. put off推迟，延期
6. put on穿上；上演；增加
7. put up搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
8. put up with忍受，容忍
三、 精选句型
1. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.(P2)
2. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem solving skills.(P3)
3. Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for realizing your great potential.(P3)
4. I've been told that schoolwork will present more of a challenge in the years ahead, and that the teachers will hold us to higher standards.(P5)
5. I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！(P11)
6. I found Maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China.(P11)
7. However, learning in English was a great challenge for me.(P11)
8. Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging.(P11)
9. The one that attracted me most was the Rugby Club.(P12)
10. Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art.(P13)
11. At the end of each term, students put on a calligraphy show, attracting more students to Chinese calligraphy.(P13)
四、 语法指南
(一) 句子成分(Sentence elements)
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分，主要成分有主语和谓语，次要成分有宾语、表语、补语、状语、定语和同位语。
1. 主语(Subject)
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。可充当主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和从句等。
How to do it well is an important question.
2. 谓语(Verb)
谓语说明主语发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中做谓语。
You may keep the book for a couple of weeks.
3. 宾语(Object)
宾语表示动作的对象或承受者。可充当宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、动名词短语和从句等。宾语分为单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语。
They made him their monitor.
4. 表语(Predicative)
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，一般置于连系动词之后。可充当表语的有名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词和从句等。
The fact is that he has never been abroad.
5. 补语(Complement)
补语分为主语补语和宾语补语，用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。可充当补语的有名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句等。
We will soon make our city what the public have expected.
6. 状语(Adverbial)
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作、状态或特征的句子成分叫作状语。可充当状语的有名词、数词、形容词、副词、副词性词组、介词短语、不定式、分词和从句等。
He is proud to have been admitted to a key university.
7. 定语(Attributive)
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。可充当定语的有名词、代词、名词或代词所有格、数词、形容词、分词、动名词、不定式、介词短语和从句等。
There are thirty women teachers in our school.
8. 同位语(Apposition)
一个名词(或其他形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词(或其他形式)就是同位语。可充当同位语的有名词、动名词、不定式、形容词、名词短语、动名词短语、不定式短语、介词短语、形容词短语、直接引语和从句等。
She, tall and slim, is quite right for the job.
(二) 句子结构(Sentence structures)
英语的句子结构可以归纳为以下八种：
1. 主谓——主语＋谓语(SV)
He has returned.
2. 主系表——主语＋连系动词＋表语(SVP)
The girl looks shy and lovely.
3. 主谓宾——主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO)
I like reading short stories.
4. 主谓宾宾——主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVOO)
They gave me a nice present.
5. 主谓宾补——主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语(SVOC)
He made the room clean and tidy.
6. 主谓状——主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA)
He gets up at six in the morning.
7. 主谓宾状——主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA)
I remember seeing her sometime last year.
8. 存现句——引导词there引导的句子
There are two tall trees behind the house.
五、 话题写作
(一) 佳句积累
1. I can't wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like. (can't wait to 迫不及待地……)
2. However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. (However用来转折；with短语做后置定语)
3. The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence in your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to our country. (连续三个to … 构成排比，很有气势)
4. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources. (To构成目的状语；it做形式主语)
5. Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. (完全倒装；of＋名词的高级表达相当于形容词)
6. Last but not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations. (过渡词语Last but not least；even＋介词短语起强调作用)
7. As Lao Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”(As引出名人名言)
8. Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student. (have the chance to … 的表达)
9. In the beginning, however, it was still tough for me to remember everyone's name! (it做形式主语)
10. I am glad to have the opportunity to experience this different way of life. (be glad to have the opportunity to … 的表达)
(二) 佳作欣赏
假定你叫李华，是学校英语俱乐部的负责人，请你根据下列要点写一封信给学校的外教Steve。
1. 邀请Steve参加于周一晚上7点在学校礼堂举行的英语角活动；
2. 请Steve介绍“美国梦(American Dream)”；
3. 请Steve根据自己学汉语的经验谈谈如何提高英语口语。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：学校礼堂school hall
Dear Steve,
On behalf of the English Club,________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Steve，
On_behalf_of_the_English_Club,_I am writing to invite you to join our English Corner next Monday. It will begin at seven o'clock in the evening in the school hall.
In many films, “American Dream” is mentioned, but we still don't have any knowledge about it. So would you please give us a lecture on American Dream By the way, you have made great progress in your Chinese. Could you share with us some experience on how to improve our oral English
We are all looking forward to seeing you then. Please inform us in advance if you cannot come.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua

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