资源简介

Unit 3　Getting along with others
一、 单词学记
(一) 英汉对记(26组)
1. awkward adj. 局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的(30)
2. sight n. 视野；视力；看见(30)
3. medium n. (pl. media)传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具
adj. 中等的，中号的(30)
4. chat vi. & n. 聊天，闲聊(30)
5. café n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆(30)
6. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器(31)
7. frank adj. 坦率的，直率的(31)
8. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈
n. 诡计，花招；戏法(31)
9. contact vt. & n. 联系，联络 (33)
10. generous adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的(33)
11. shallow adj. 肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的(34)
12. blog n. 博客，网志(34)
13. theme n. 主题；主旋律(35)
14. *slave n. 奴隶(35)
15. *raft n. 木排，筏(35)
16. opinion n. 意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰(37)
17. quality n. 品德，素质；质量；特征
adj. 优质的，高质量的 (37)
18. extra adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的
adv. 额外，另外；特别，格外 (37)
19. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量
n. 措施；衡量(37)
20. seek(sought, sought) vi. 试图；寻找；争取
vt. 寻求；寻找 (39)
21. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘
n. 逃离，逃脱(39)
22. moment n. 时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻(39)
23. indeed adv. 其实，实际上；的确；真正地(39)
24. thorough adj. 彻底的，全面的；仔细的(40)
25. poet n. 诗人(41)
26. wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒(41)
【语境助记】
To be frank,_at the moment,_ measuring if a theme is, indeed,_ shallow or significant is not thorough.
坦白说，当下衡量一个主题是否真的肤浅或有意义是不全面的。
(二) 拓展倍记(25组)
1. original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的(30)→origin n. 起源，源头；身世，出身→originate vi. 起源；发源；发端于 vt. 创立；创建；发明
2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的(30)→horror n. 震惊；恐惧；厌恶；令人厌恶的性质；震惊性，恐怖性→horrify vt. 惊吓；使厌恶；恐吓
3. respond vi. & vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应(30)→response n. 回复；反应，响应(27)→responsive adj. 反应敏捷的；热情的
4. loss n. 失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失(30)→lose vt. 遗失，丧失→lost adj. 迷路的；失去的；困惑的
5. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n. 法官；裁判员(31)→judgement n. 判断力，识别力；看法，评价；判决，裁决
6. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪(31)→apology n. 道歉；谢罪；致歉
7. behaviour (AmE behavior)n. 行为，举止，态度(31)→behave vt. & vi. 表现；表现得体，有礼貌
8. definitely adv. 肯定，确实；确切地(31)→definite adj. 肯定的，确定的；清楚的；明显的；肯定，有把握→definition n. 释义，解释；定义；清晰度
9. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会(31)→ignorant adj. 不了解的，无知的，愚昧的，无学识的；很无礼的→ignorance n. 无知，愚昧
10. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差vt. 遭受，蒙受(31)→suffering n. 疼痛，痛苦，折磨，苦难；苦恼
11. misunderstand(misunderstood, misunderstood)vt. & vi. 误解，误会(33)→understand vt. & vi. 懂，理解，领会；了解；谅解；体谅→understanding n. 领悟；体谅 adj. 善解人意的
12. explode vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt. 使爆炸(33)→explosion n. 爆炸，爆破，爆裂(声)；激增；突然爆发，迸发
13. basis n. (pl. bases)基础；原因；基准(37)→base n. 基底 vt. 以……为据点 adj. 卑鄙的
14. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬n. 尊敬，敬意；重视(37)→respectable adj. 体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的→respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的→respective adj. 分别的，各自的
15. efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的(37)→efficiency n. 效率；效能；功效；功率
16. reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映(39)→reflect vt. 反映；反射；显示，表明 vi. 认真思考，沉思→reflective adj. 沉思的；反光的
17. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效vt. 使受益vi. 得益于(39)→beneficial adj. 有利的，有用的
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰n. 舒服；安慰(39)→comfortable adj. 使人舒服的，舒适的，舒服的；自在的→uncomfortable adj. 使人不舒服的；感到难受的；尴尬的，害怕的，不自在的
19. joy n. 高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣(39)→joyful adj. 高兴的；快乐的；令人愉快的→enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜爱；玩得痛快；享受
20. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障(39)→fail vt. & vi. 失败，未能(做到)；未做，不及格
21. recognize vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出(39)→recognition n. 认出，识别；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识
22. death n. 死，死亡；死亡状态 (40)→die vt. & vi. 死，凋谢；消失，灭亡；停止运转→dead adj. 死的，枯萎的；过时的，已废弃的→deadly adj. 致命的，致死的；彻底的 adv. 极其；非常；死一般地
pany n. 陪伴，作伴；公司(40)→accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏
24. crowd n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群vt. 挤满，使拥挤vi. 聚集；挤，涌(40)→crowded adj. 拥挤的，挤满的
25. admire vt. 钦佩；欣赏(41)→admirable adj. 可钦佩的，值得赞赏的，令人羡慕的→admiration n. 钦佩，赞赏，羡慕→admirer n. 钦佩者，赞赏者；追求者，爱慕者
【语境助记】
Definitely,_the respected and admired judge recognized his failure and apologized to the families of the crowd of deaths for the original and horrible behaviour after he misunderstood and ignored their suffering．
很显然，那个受人尊重、钦佩的法官意识到了自己的失败，并为自己最初糟糕的行为向那群死者的家属道歉，此前他误解甚至忽视了他们的痛苦。
(三) 合成并记(1组)
well meaning adj. 出于好心的，善意的(39)
【语境助记】
Well meaning suggestions are welcomed, but we are often at a loss whether to follow others because what they think right may not be right.
善意的建议是受欢迎的，但是我们经常不知道是否要效仿他人，因为他们认为对的可能是不对的。
(四) 短语强记(21组)
1. on the rocks (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃(30)
2. out of one's sight 脱离某人的视线 (30)
3. social media 社交媒体(30)
4. make it 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 (30)
5. at a loss 不知所措，困惑(30)
6. in the wrong 有错，应承担责任 (31)
7. in any case 无论如何，不管怎样(31)
8. let go of 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开　(31)
9. count on 依赖，依靠，指望(34)
10. eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 (34)
11. come between … and … 损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍(34)
12. in person 亲自，亲身(34)
13. high point最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分(35)
14. through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦(35)
15. in one's opinion 在某人看来(37)
16. get over 克服；恢复常态(37)
17. bring out 使显现，使表现出(37)
18. smooth out消除(问题)，克服(困难)(39)
19. be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事(39)
20. take on呈现，具有(39)
21. in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地(39)
(五) 重点例释(19组)
1. out of one's sight 脱离某人的视线
(1) in sight 在视线内
(2) out of sight 看不见；在视野之外
(3) at the sight of … 一看见……
(4) come into sight 进入视野
(5) catch sight of 瞥见；看到
(6) lose sight of 看不见；忽略，忘记
①The baby cried at the sight of his mother.
那婴儿一看见他妈妈就哭起来了。
②I wasn't going to allow myself to become a case of out of sight, out of mind.
我不想让自己成为“眼不见，心不烦”的实例。
③Helen let out a shrill cry when she caught sight of a snake.
海伦瞥见一条蛇时，她尖声喊叫起来。
2. make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
(1) make it up 和解，讲和
(2) make up for 补偿；弥补
(3) make up to 献媚；奉承；讨好
(4) make for 有利于……；前往
①When the bell for supper rang, all the students made for the dining room.
晚饭铃响了，学生们都涌向餐厅。
②Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.
努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足。
③The two girls quarrelled, but they soon made it up.
这两个女孩子吵了一架，但很快就和好了。
④He doesn't welcome being made up to.
他不喜欢别人奉承他。
3. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态
vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
(1) recover from 从……中恢复过来
(2) recover oneself 镇定下来
(3) recovery n. 恢复；复苏；痊愈
(4) make a recovery from 从……中恢复过来
①Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
医院里观看窗外树枝的病人可能比观看楼房或天空的病人康复得更快。
②It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.
他患重感冒很长时间才康复。
③Jennie made a great effort to recover herself.
珍妮努力使自己镇定下来。
④The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent recovery.
医生们已放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。
4. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为
n. 法官；裁判员
(1) judge … by/from … 通过……判断……
(2) judge sb/sth as/to be …
断定某人/物是……
(3) as far as I can judge据我判断
(4) judging by/from …
从……来看；根据……判断
①Don't judge a man by/from his looks.
不要以貌取人。
②As far as I can judge, it is wrong for them to let some students carry mobile phones.
我认为，他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。
③Judging by the look on Adam's face，the news must be terrible.
从亚当的表情来看，肯定是可怕的消息。
④He judged them to be the best plays he had ever seen.
他认为它们是他看过的最好的话剧。
5. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪
(1) apologize to sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2) apology n. 道歉；谢罪；致歉
(3) make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(4) accept/refuse one's apology
接受/拒绝某人的道歉
①He offered me an apology for losing my book.
他为遗失我的书而向我道歉。
②John apologized to Mary for having kept her waiting too long.
让玛丽等了太久，约翰为此向她道歉。
③You should apologize to the teacher for being rude.＝You should make an apology to the teacher for being rude.
你应该为你的粗鲁向老师道歉。
6. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈
n. 诡计，花招；戏法
(1) play a trick/tricks on sb
搞恶作剧；开玩笑
(2) make fun of sb 取笑某人
(3) play a joke on sb 取笑某人
(4) trick sb out of sth 骗取某人某物
(5) trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事
①If the neighbours do not give any sweets，the children might play a trick on them.
如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。
②Don't take it seriously; she just wants to play a joke on you.
别太当真，她只是想跟你开个玩笑。
③We were tricked into buying a poor car，which made me very upset.
我们上当买了一辆破汽车，这使我非常心烦。
④My friend was tricked out of her money yesterday in the street.
我的朋友昨天在大街上被骗走了钱。
7. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会
(1) ignore one's advice/mistakes
忽视某人的建议/过错
(2) ignore traffic rules 无视交通规则
(3) ignorant adj. 无知的
(4) be ignorant of/about 对……不了解/一无所知
(5) ignorance n. 无知
①He ignored my advice, so he failed in the game.
他无视我的忠告，因此输掉了比赛。
②She is very ignorant of/about her own country.
她对自己的国家一无所知。
③I am embarrassed by my complete ignorance of history.
我对历史一无所知，这让我很难堪。
④He ignored the doctor's advice, so he is in ignorance of his serious illness now; that is to say, he is ignorant that he is in danger.
他不理睬医生的忠告，所以他现在不知道自己的严重病情；也就是说，他不知道自己正处于危险之中。
8. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差
vt. 遭受，蒙受
(1) suffer from … 患……病，受……之苦
(2) suffering n. 痛苦；苦难；苦恼
(3) sufferer n. 患病者；受苦者；受难者
①We'll suffer hunger one day if we don't care about the farmland.
如果我们不爱护农田，将来我们会挨饿的。
②Do you often suffer from headache
你经常头痛吗？
③He slept on firewood and straw to remind him of his sufferings.
他睡在柴草上，以提醒自己不要忘记所遭受的苦难。
9. count on 依赖，依靠，指望
(1) count in 把……计算在内，把……作为参加者算进去；包括
(2) count out (放置东西时)逐一地数；不把……考虑或计算在内；不包括
①You can count on my support.
你可以依靠我的支持。
②She counted out $70 in $10 bills.
她数出70美元，都是10美元一张的。
③If you're having a party, count me in.
如果你们举行聚会的话，算我一个。
10. eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏
(1) eat up 吃光；耗尽；(情感)使沉迷；(大量地)耗费，花费
(2) eat into sth 消耗；耗费(尤指时间或金钱)；损坏(物体表面)
(3) eat out 上馆子吃饭，在外用餐
①Eat away, children; you are welcome to all you want.
吃吧，孩子们，尽情地吃吧。
②Tom was really hungry and ate up everything served.
汤姆确实饿坏了，把端到桌上的东西吃得精光。
③Those repair bills have really eaten into my savings.
那些修理账单已经耗掉我相当一部分积蓄。
④The sea has been eating away at this cliff for centuries.
数百年来海水一直在侵蚀着这悬崖峭壁。
11. in person亲自，亲身
(1) in the person of 以某人的形骸，通过某人体现
(2) be one's own person
做自己喜欢的事；保持自己的喜好
①He is in the person of his father for the banquet.
他以他父亲的名义赴宴。
②Being your own person releases your creativity.
保持自己的本色才有助于发挥自身创造力。
③The winner will be there in person to collect the prize.
获胜者需亲自到场领奖。
12. quality n. 品德，素质；质量；特征
adj. 优质的，高质量的
(1) of high/good quality 优质的
(2) of low/poor quality劣质的
(3) in quality 在质量上
(4) quantity n. 数量；大量
①You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.
你也得评估动机的质量及强烈程度。
②And what qualities does a great person have
并且一个伟人有什么样的品质呢？
③Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.
优质酒比劣质酒要价更高。
④All the tractors except this are good in quality.
除了这台拖拉机，所有其他的拖拉机质量都很好。
13. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬
n. 尊敬，敬意；重视
(1) respect sb/sth 尊敬某人/某物
(2) respect sb as … 尊敬某人为……
(3) respect sb for … 因……而尊敬某人
(4) have/show respect for sb 对某人表示尊重
(5) out of respect 出于尊重
(6) send/give one's respects to sb
代某人向某人致敬/问候
(7) in this respect 在这方面
①She has always been honest with me，and I respect her for that.
她一直对我很诚实，我因此非常敬重她。
②We should have/show respect for our parents.
我们应该尊敬父母。
③Please give my respects to your parents.
请代我向你父母致意。
④Out of respect, we'd better ask him for advice on this matter.
出于尊重，我们最好就此事征求他的建议。
14. bring out 使显现，使表现出
(1) bring up 抚养；教养；传讯；提出；呕吐
(2) bring in 请……做；引入；赚钱；宣布
(3) bring about 导致；引起
(4) bring down 打垮；使倒下；减少；降低(价格、温度等)
①A crisis brings out the best in her.
危机促使她表现出她最好的一面。
②His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.
他的新建议在会上被提出来了。
③Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace.
电脑给工作场所带来很多变化。
④The government is trying to bring down housing price now.
政府现在正设法降低房价。
15. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量
n. 措施；衡量
(1) measure sth by sth 用某物来衡量某物
(2) make sth to sb's measure
照某人的尺寸做某物
(3) take measures/steps/action to do sth
采取措施做某事
(4) in full measure最大程度地，最大限度地
①Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.
教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。
②The government has taken measures to prevent the spread of AIDS.
政府已采取措施来防止艾滋病的传播。
③She always has her leather boots made to her measure.
她经常穿着定做的皮靴。
16. seek (sought, sought) vi. 试图；寻找；争取
vt. 寻求；寻找
(1) seek for/after 寻找；追求
(2) seek sb/sth out 找出某人/某物
(3) seek sth (from sb) (向某人)寻求某物
(4) seek to do sth 试图做某事
①They are seeking for solutions to the problems.
他们正在寻找这些问题的解决方法。
②How can we seek out a really good person for the job
我们怎样才能找到一个真正适合的人来做这项工作？
③She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
④We are always seeking to improve working conditions.
我们一直设法改善工作条件。
17. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘
n. 逃离，逃脱
(1) escape (doing) sth 避免(做)某事，逃脱(做)某事
(2) escape from … 从……中逃脱
(3) escape into 逃进
(4) escape from one's mind/memory＝sth escape(s) sb 某事/某物被某人忘记
(5) narrow escape
死里逃生；九死一生；幸免于难
①Mary spoke to me, but her name escaped me at that moment.
玛丽和我说话，但那个时候我没有想起她的名字。
②Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment/being punished.
谁违反了法律都将受到惩罚。
③She managed to escape from the burning car.
她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。
18. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效
vt. 使受益
vi. 得益于
(1) for the benefit of … 为……的利益
(2) be of benefit to … 对……有益
(3) benefit from/by … 从……受益；得益于
(4) benefit sb 对某人有益
(5) beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
(6) be beneficial to 对……有益；对……有利
①For the benefit of those people who arrived late, I'll just go over the plan again.
为了那些迟到的人，我将把计划再讲一遍。
②Reading more books is of great benefit to children.
多读书对孩子们很有好处。
③A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method.
多数学生将从这个新的教学方法中获益。
④He considered that the change would be beneficial to her health.
他认为这个改变会对她的健康有益。
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰
n. 舒适；安慰
(1) in comfort 舒适地；放松地
(2) be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
(3) It's a comfort to do sth
做……是令人安慰的事
(4) comfort sb＝give comfort to sb 安慰某人
(5) comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的
(6) comfortably adv. 舒适地
(7) uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的
①He had to save enough money so that he could live comfortably/in comfort.
他得存足够的钱，以便能过上舒适的生活。
②My mum always comforts me when I am sick.＝My mum always gives comfort to me when I am sick.
在我生病时，妈妈总是给我以安慰。
③It's a comfort to me to know that she is safe.
知道她安然无恙我感到宽慰。
④A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。
二、 短语扩充
(一) 英汉对记(132组)
1. the glory of friendship(P29) 友谊的伟大
2. the outstretched hand 伸出的(援)手
3. the joy of companionship 陪伴的欢乐
4. the spiritual inspiration 精神鼓励
5. believe in 信任；信赖
6. be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
7. a forum exchange 论坛交流
8. a friendship in trouble 陷入困境的友谊
9. write a diary entry写一篇日记
10. the qualities of a good friend 一个好朋友的素质/品质
11. make a scrapbook 做剪贴簿
12. have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
13. have a problem with(P30) 与……出了问题
14. friends for life 一辈子的朋友
15. turn to online communities for advice 向在线社区寻求建议
16. maintain friendships 维系友谊
17. an awkward primary school student 一个笨拙的小学生
18. a close friendship 亲密的友谊
19. like a sister to sb 对某人来说就像姐妹
20. hang out 闲逛；挂出
21. break one's heart 伤了某人的心
22. pick up the pieces 收拾残局；努力恢复正常
23. one's original plan 某人最初的计划
24. see a film at the cinema 去电影院看电影
25. post a message发送一条信息
26. receive a horrible surprise 收到一个可怕的惊喜
27. have fun with someone else 与别人玩得开心
28. all day 一整天
29. feel like doing sth想要做某事
30. respond to 应答，回应
31. be worth saving(P31) 值得挽救
32. have a simple explanation 有一个简单的解释
33. have a full and frank talk 深入、坦诚地谈一谈
34. value one's friendship 珍惜某人的友谊
35. move on 继续前进；命令……不要停留(或走开)；接着做其他事
e and go in life在人生中来了又走/来来往往
37. draw on one's own experiences(P32) 利用某人自己的经历
38. ask sb out for coffee(P33) 请某人出去喝咖啡
39. explode with anger 气炸了
40. talk to sb face to face 跟某人面对面交谈
41. contrastive linking words 对比连接词
42. become more structured 变得更有条理
43. agree on 同意；商定；(双方)有一致看法
44. in the modern age(P34) 在现代
45. walk in 走进
46. walk out 走出；罢工；退席
47. see one's true self 看到真正的自己
48. keep sb connected 让某人保持联系
49. take the place of 代替，取代
50. face to face chatting 面对面聊天
51. put down 放下；写下；镇压；付订金
52. provide rich ground(P35) 奠定了坚实的基础
53. take good care of 好好照顾
54. an unlikely pair 不搭界的一对/两个人
55. on a raft 乘木筏
56. head north 向北走
57. be faced with 面对，面临
58. hand … over to 把……交给/递给
59. slave catchers 奴隶贩子
60. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
61. have the same taste in … 对……有着同样的品位
62. key points(P36) 要点，重点
63. have difficulty with … ……有困难
64. go over 仔细检查；过一遍；复习
65. what makes a good friend(P37) 成为好朋友的品质
66. leave sb thinking about … 让某人思索……
67. form the basis of a friendship 构建友谊的基础
68. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
69. make choices 做选择，抉择
70. try one's best 竭力，尽力
71. even if 即使，尽管
72. struggle with one's schoolwork 努力完成功课
73. do all sb can to help sb 竭尽所能帮助某人
74. a more efficient learner 一个更有效率的学习者
75. take up 占据(时间/空间)；拿起；从事，开始做
76. be worth one's extra time and effort 值得一个人多付出时间和努力
77. measure sb/oneself by these standards 用这些标准衡量某人/自己
78. for example/instance(P38) 比如，例如
79. take one's experience as an example 以某人的经历为例
80. provide a good example 提供一个好例子
81. a personal form of writing 一种个人的写作形式
82. in the top left hand corner 在左上角
83. begin with 以……开始；开始于……
84. walk the “path of life”(P39) 走人生之路
85. be alone with one's own thoughts 某人独自思考
86. quiet periods of reflection 安静的反思时刻
87. personal improvement 个人提升
88. seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事
89. escape into one's own world 躲在某人自己的世界里，逃避到某人自己的世界里
90. social life 社会生活
91. more often than not 多半；通常
92. live in social groups 生活在社会群体中
93. generally speaking 一般来说
fort the heart 抚慰心灵
95. advise the head 规劝
96. more satisfied humans 更满足的人(类)
97. share with friends one's joy, sadness, success and failure 与朋友分享喜悲、成败
98. have a double advantage 有双重优势
99. a trouble shared 分担的烦恼
100. a trouble halved 减半的烦恼
101. result from … 由……造成
102. feel free to do sth 随心所欲做某事
103. treasure these moments of closeness 珍惜这些亲密的时刻
104. through conversations with well meaning and wise friends 通过与善良且有智慧的朋友的谈话
105. recognize other people's weaknesses 发现别人的弱点
106. as a result 结果，因此
107. talk one's problems over(P40) 细谈某人的问题
108. put one's thoughts into words 把某人的想法用言语表达出来
109. a more thorough understanding of … 对……有一个更透彻的理解
110. be known as 被认为是；以……著称
111. point out 指出
112. enjoy the company of a crowd享受群体的陪伴
113. in this way 用这种方法，这样子
114. one's trusted friends 某人值得信任的朋友
115. key ideas 中心思想
116. express sth in one's own words 用某人自己的语言表达某事
117. supporting details 具体细节，支持性细节，支撑句
118. background knowledge 背景知识
119. one's personal opinion 某人的个人观点
120. ask for the help of friends 寻求朋友们的帮助
121. search for(P41) 寻找，搜寻
122. information from different sources 不同来源的信息
123. form a lasting friendship建立持久的友谊
e down to this very day 流传至今
125. a well known poet 一位著名的诗人
126. 43 years of age 年龄43岁
127. a couple of times 好几次
128. one's shared love of poems 对诗歌的共同爱好
129. keep sb close together 使某人关系紧密
130. line by line 一行一行地，逐行地
131. tie one heart to the other 心系彼此
132. no matter how 不管怎样，无论怎样；不管多么，无论多么
(二) 同词类记(2组)
● leave(7)
1. leave … alone不管……；让……一个人
2. leave aside 搁置一边，不予考虑
3. leave behind留下；遗忘；把……抛在后面
4. leave for动身前往(某处)
5. leave off停止，中断
6. leave out省去，遗漏；不考虑
7. leave over 遗留
● take(10)
1. take after与……相像；效仿
2. take apart拆开，拆卸
3. take … for把……当成……；误以为
4. take in吸收；欺骗；包括在内；收留；领会，理解；看到
5. take off脱下；起飞；腾飞，成功；大受欢迎
6. take on呈现；雇用；承担
7. take out拿出，取出；除去
8. take over 夺取；接手，接管；占上风
9. take to开始喜欢；开始沉湎于；养成……习惯
10. take up占据；开始从事；开始做；继续
三、 精选句型
1. Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.(P30)
2. Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.(P30)
3. But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold.(P30)
4. When I called her, she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.(P30)
5. Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.(P30)
6. When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship.(P31)
7. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.(P35)
8. It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a “good friend”．(P37)
9. When he's struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner.(P37)
10. To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person.(P37)
11. More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.(P39)
12. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”： they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.(P39)
13. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one sided.(P39)
14. The relationship between Li Bai and Du Fu shows that shared interests form the basis of true friendship, which ties one heart to the other no matter how far away they are from each other.(P41)
四、 语法指南
由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句(Restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns)
限制性定语从句是指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的(人)”或“……的(物)”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉，主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句可由关系代词(relative pronouns)that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose 引导。关系代词在定语从句中通常做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可以省略。主要用法如下：
1. who引导的定语从句修饰人，who 在从句中做主语或宾语；whom 引导的定语从句修饰人，whom 在从句中做宾语；who 和 whom 都可以用 that 代替。
They are looking for people who/that want to join the Writing Club.
The girl (who/whom/that) you met in the stadium is my sister.
2. which引导的定语从句修饰物，which 在从句中做主语或宾语，可以用 that 代替。
This is the story (which/that) I enjoy.
3. whose引导的定语从句，既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物，whose 在从句中做定语。
I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana.
The club whose members are from different classes are working together to act out a play.
4. 关系代词也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合中，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可以省略，也不可以用that 来代替，指人用宾格whom，指物用which。
Is this the book (which/that) you were talking about just now
＝Is this the book about which you were talking just now
但是要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。
You are the very person (whom/that) we are after.
5. 当先行词是 way 并表示“以……的方式”时，定语从句常用 that 或 in which 引导，that 或 in which 也可以省略。如：
I like the way (that/in which) she speaks.
五、 话题写作
(一) 佳句积累
1. The stress of this situation is killing me, and I'm at a loss what to do next. (kill巧妙使用；短语at a loss what to do)
2. I definitely understand how you feel. (副词definitely)
3. When Amy found out, she exploded with anger. (explode with anger 气炸了)
4. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. (eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏，简单单词合成高级表达)
5. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. (come between … and … 损害……和……之间的关系，离间，妨碍，简单单词合成高级表达)
6. From this story we can see that friends are people who support you through thick and thin.(through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦，简单单词合成高级表达)
7. In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. (常用表达In my opinion, following引出下文)
8. Take my experience as an example./ … is/provides a good example. (举例的高级表达)
9. Here, friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! (a double advantage 双重优势，后接破折号补充内容)
10. Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. (it should be pointed out that的高级表达将形式主语与被动语态结合起来)
(二) 佳作欣赏
假定你叫李华，暑假期间在纽约旅游时借宿在爸爸的朋友格林先生家，请根据下列提示，写一封电子邮件谢谢格林先生一家的招待，内容包括：
1. 谢谢格林先生和夫人的热情款待及照顾；
2. 格林夫人做的菜非常好吃，希望以后还有机会吃到；
3. 感谢格林先生和夫人陪你练习英语口语；
4. 欢迎格林先生和夫人来中国旅游。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr and Mrs Green，
I am writing to thank you for your warm hospitality which I enjoyed when I was in New York.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Mr_and_Mrs_Green，
I_am_writing_to_thank_you_for_your_warm_hospitality_which_I_enjoyed_when_I_was_in_New_York.
It was very kind of you to offer me a comfortable and clean room in your house when I was in New York. I like the delicious food cooked by Mrs Green, which made my journey more unforgettable. Hopefully, I can have the chance to taste it in the future.
In addition, I really appreciate your practicing oral English with me and I have made great progress in my spoken English. The stay in New York has greatly enriched my experience and widely broadened my mind.
I really hope you can come to China for a visit when it is convenient for you.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua

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