Unit 3 The Internet 单元知识清单素材-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册

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Unit 3 The Internet 单元知识清单素材-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册

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Unit 3 The Internet
chat 聊天,闲聊
chatted 过去式/过去分词 chatting 现在分词
chat with sb与某人聊天 chat about 谈论 have a chat with sb与某人聊天
have a chat about sth 闲聊某事 chat room 聊天室
We sat in the cafe for hours chatting about our experiences.
我们在咖啡馆坐了几个小时,大谈各自的经历。
2. stream v. 流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频); 流出 n. 小河;溪流
a stream of cold air一股冷风 a stream of traffic 车流
Tears streamed down his face. 泪水顺着他的脸往下流。
steam 蒸汽;水蒸气
identity n. 身份;个性(相同;一致)identify vt. 认出:确之,发观
a sense of identity个性意识 identity card=ID card 身份证
proof of identity身份证明 personal identity个性 an identity of interests利益一致
He maintained he did not know the identity of the woman.
他坚持说自己不知道该妇女的身份。
convenient adj. 方便的;近便的
be convenient for. . . 对…方便
It is convenient (for sb) to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)方便/合适。
If it is convenient for you, call me at four o'clock. 如果你方便的话,4点给我打电话吧。
convenient 不以人作主语,主语通常是表示事物的名词或it.若说“如果某人方便的话”, 需用 if it is convenient for sb.
convenience store 使利店 (反义)inconvenient adj, 不方便的
convenience n. 方便;便利
cash n. 现金;金钱(熟闻生义:兑现,兑付)
by cheque用支票 by credit card 用信用卡 pay in cash 现金支付
You can only pay in cash in this supermarket. 这家超市你只能用现金结账。
词汇串记
note n.钞票 coin n.硬币 cash n. 现金 cheque n. 支票 change n. 零钱
update vt. 更新;向······提供最新信息 n. 更新;最新消息
update sb on sth 向某人提供最新消息
Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
教师们要不断更新他们的知识以保持专业技能。
7. keep sb company 陪伴某人
in sb's company和某人在一起 = in company with sb和某人一起
8. benefit n. 益处||vl. 使受益|vi. 得益于
benefit from/by. . . 得益于…
bring benefits to…给…带来好处
for the benefit of sb=for sb's benefit为帮助某人,为某人的利益
Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
加入我们做一名志愿管理者吧,在为社区带来福利的同时发展你自己的技能。 (北京粤)
beneficial adj. 有益的;有利的 be beneficial to. . . 对 . . . 有益
“A benefet (s) B A对B有益
B benefit (s) from/by A B受益于A"
9. distance. 距离(distant adj. 遥远的)be distant from. . . .离…远
at a distance 稍远一些 in the distance 在远方
at a distance of. . . 隔着····的距离
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡,与某人保持一定距离
We slept in a tent,cooked over an open fire,and walked a long distance to take the
shower. 我们住在帐篷里,在露天的地方生火做饭,走很远的距离去洗澡。 (全国卷1)
10. inspire vt. 鼓舞;激励;启发思考
inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 be inspired by. . . 受到······启发
inspire. . .in sb=inspire sb with. . . 激发某人的··. . . .
注意:
inspire 强调人内在的愿望和灵感,主要指通过行为或榜样来鼓舞他人
encourage可以理解为“给人去做…的勇气和决心”, 主要通过称赞、肯定的言语、好消息来给予他人勇气或信心,从而进行鼓励
access n. 通道; (使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会|vt. 进入;使用;获取
(accessible adj. 易接近的;可得到的)
have access to. . . 可以获得/接近. . . .
gain/get access (to sb/sth) 进入(某地); 见到(某人或某物)
The only access to their house is along that narrow road.
只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。 (浙江卷)
the access to the house去房子的通道(与to搭配)
12. go through 经历;度过;通读
Most families went through a lot of difficulties in the war.
战争期间,多数家庭经历过许多困难。
要点归纳: get through通过:拨通(电话): 完成 look through浏览
13 tough艰难的;严厉的
a tough teacher严师 a tough task 棘手的任务
get tough with / on sh对某人严厉、强硬
It’s time to get tough with drunk drivers. 是该严肃处理酒后驾车的司机了。
toughness n坚韧;坚硬 toughen.强化;加强
14 conference n会议;研讨会;正式会谈
hold a conference举行会议 have a conference with sb与果人协商
in conference在开会 conference call电话会议
attend a conference on... 出席关于…的会议
Conference 通常辑很多人参加讨论支要事宜的大型正会议,尤指历时数天的会议
meeting 普通用语,规模可大可小
session指正式会议,尤指议会的一次会议成系列会议
15 function n功能;作用;机能 v 起作用:正常工作;运转
perform/fulfill a function履行职责 function as... 起到……作用
My bedroom also functions as a study我的起居室也可以作为一个书房。
16 confirm. n确认;使确信 confirmation n.证实;证明;确认
It has been confirmed that 已确定.....
The leaves on the trees begin to fall, confirming that autumn has arrived.
树上的叶子开始掉了,证明秋天已经到了。
17 press vt.按,压;敦促
press the button按下按钮 press... on sb 把……强加给某人
press sb to do sth极力动说某人做某事 press down..把…按/压下去
press for催逼;敦促;迫切要求 press in/into把…压/挤/塞进
press ahead/forward拥/挤向前;加紧继续努力
He pressed his face against the window.他把脸贴在窗户上。
the press是集体名调,指报纸、杂志、出版界、新闻界等,作主语时,后面的谓语动词一般用复数形式。
The press have been very nasty about him新闻界对他很不客气
18 keep track of 掌握…的最新消息;了解…的动态
I don't know how you keep track of all your research.
我不知道你们是怎样掌握你们所有的研究工作的动态的。
lose track of 与….失去联系 track down 追踪到;适查到
get off the track偏离正题
be on the track of sb/sth 追踪某人/物
discount n.折扣/ vt打折
at a discount在打析 offer/give sb a discount向某人提供折扣
Employees can buy books at a discount.员工购书可享受折扣
discount原意为“不计算在内”,因而指某物减价出售时所减去的百分比,所以中文里说的“打9折”,英文是10% discount
20 .account n.账户;描述
on account of 因为,由于 on no account 决不account for 占(数量、比例);是...的原因
give an account of 描述 by/from all accounts 根据各方面所说
take...into account 考虑到
The professor warmed the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
教授警告学生们,他们绝对不应该在课堂上使用手机。(天津卷)
21. target n.目标;对象;靶子 v. 把...作为攻击目标(瞒准)
hit/miss the target 中/脱靶 meet the target 完成目标
target sth on/at sb/sth 把某事物针对某人/物
22. particular adj.特定的;特别的;讲究的 (particularly adv特别:尤其)
be particular about/over.. 对...挑剔 in particular尤其;特别
Mary's very particular about her food. 玛丽很挑食。
辨析:particular 指从许多个体中选出个别的,强调“独特” ,也指“挑别”
special 作“特别”讲时可与particular互换,但special有“专门”或“特设”的意思
23. make fun of 取笑;戏弄
I'm not making fun of you. I admire what you did. 我不是拿你开心。我是欣赏你的作为。
24. upset(adj.)心烦的:苦恼的;沮丧的 v.(upset, upset)使烦恼;搅乱(熟词生义:v.打翻;使不适n.苦恼)
be upset about/by/over.. ...而难过 be upset with sb 生某人的气
The bad news that the plane was missing upset him.
飞机失踪的坏消息使他心烦。
辨析:upset 由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱
nervous 在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉,意为“紧张的”
anxious 由于担心某种事情会发生而感到焦急,意为“着急的;不安的”
25. tip n.忠告;诀窍;实用的提示(末端;尖端;小费)
give tips 给出建议 from tip to toe从头到尾
Perhaps she could give us a few tips. 或许她能给我们一些建议。
26.familiar adj. 熟悉;熟知
be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟知
be familiar with sth. 通晓熟悉某事/物
Are you familiar with this kind of music 你熟悉这种音乐吗
27. keep ... in mind牢记
例:I”ll keep your advice in mind.我要把你的劝告记在心里。
Out of sight., out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。
read one’s mind看懂某人的心事
give one‘ s mind to专心从事;.....专注
speak one’s mind直言不讳
make up one’s mind下决心;决定
bring…to mind使想起.....
have sth in mind记得某事,心中想着某事
28. case n. 盒;箱;情况;案件
in any case无论如何 in this/that case如果是这/那样
in no case决不 in case of... 万...... in case万一,以防
in the case of... 就....而言
例:Take an umbrella in case it rains.带着雨伞,以防下雨。
例:In no case should you blame the little boy. 任何情况下你都不该责怪那个小男孩
链接高考
The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.
解析:in 句意为:这位医生把自己的电话号码告诉病人以防他们需要医疗救助。
(1)in no case位于句首时,句子用部分倒装结构。
(2)in case意为“万一,以防”,后接从句时,从句时态多为一般现在时、一般过去时或should do。in case也可置于句末单独作状语,表示“以防万一”。
★重点句型
1. there be sb/sth doing...
本句型的主要结构是there be句型,句中的sb/sth与do之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,且动作正在进行。"there be sb/sth to do..表示动作未发生; there be sb/sth done.."表示动作已经完成。
◆There is a tree standing by the river. 河边有一棵树。
◆There is a tree to be planted by the river. 河边有一裸树需要栽。
例:There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.
有不计其数的文章都在告诉我们互联网是如何使我们的生活变得更加便利的。(教材p.28)
2. so … that
意为“如此……以至于……” 引导结果状语从句,so修饰形容词、副词。“so…(that)…” 引导的结果状语从句可以与“…enough to do;too… to do“ 结构进行转换;当主句的主语与从向的主语一致时,“so/such…(that)…”可简化为“so/such…as to…”.
提醒“so/such.. .that.."结构中,“so/such…”部分置于句首时,主句用部分倒装结构。
◆So excited was he that he could not fall into sleep.
他太激动了,以至于无法入睡。
要点归纳
so…that.."与"such…that..”
so+形容词/副词+( that)从句
so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+( that)从句
so+many/few(+可数名词复数) +(that)从句
so+much/little( +不可数名词) +( that)从句
such+ a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+(that) 从句
such+ 形容词+可数名词复数+(that) 从句
such +形容词+不可数名词+(that) 从句
例: She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club
to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
她受到网友的启发,决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。(教材p.28)
句式转述
“such+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+that…”可与“so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+that…”互换,一定要注意不定冠词的位置。
It is such an interesting novel that I want to read it once again.
It is so interesting a novel that I want to read it once again.
这本小说如此有趣,我想再读一遍。
句式结构
(
结果状语从句
She
was
so
inspired
by the people ( she met online ) [ that
she
decided
to start an IT
主语 谓语(被动语态) 定语从句 从句主语 从句谓语 从句宾语
club [ to teach older people how to use computers and the internet.
目的状语 疑问词+不定式,作teach的直接宾语
)
3 now that引导原因状语从句
now that表示“既然”,通常表示显而易见的原因,从句通常位于主向之前。
Now that he works and can take care of himself , his daughter has time to study at university.
既然他有了工作,又能照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。(教材p28)
4 .”the+比较级,the+比较级” 表示越.......,就越........,表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化,前者表示条件,后者表示结果。后者常用一般将来时,前者常用一般现在时替代将来时。
However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked.(后半句的正常语序为 it is less likely (that) you will be attacked.
然而,你越有礼貌,就越不可能受到攻击。(教材 p.32)
比较级+and+比较级 表示”越来越.....
★语法归纳★
现在完成时的被动语态
构成: have/has been+及物动词的过去分词
用法:(1) 过去发生的被动动作或状态对现在的影响或结果
(2)发生在过去的被动动作持续到现在,并有可能持续下去
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中代替将来完成时的被动语态
1.构成
现在完成时的被动语态结构是“have/has been+及物动词的过去分词”。
肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句
I have been asked.... I have not been asked... Have I been asked...
He/She/It has been asked... He/She/ It has not been asked.. Has he/she/it been asked..?
We/You/They have been asked.. We/ She /They have not been asked Have we/you/they been asked...
2.用法
(1)现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动动作,有两层含义:①动作已经完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果; ②主语与谓语之间为被动关系。
The door has been locked.门已经锁了。
(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。
The Great Wall has been visited by millions of people教百万人参现了长城。
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中,常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
We won't start the work until all the preparations have been made.
直到所有的准备工作都做好以后,我们才开始工作。
注意:
非延续性动词如leave, borrow,buy,marry ,begin, join,open等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语造用,但可与already或yet连用。

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