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外研版 2024 八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along——Starting out 同步习题
一、单词拼写。
根据句意及首字母或中文提示完成单词。
The two brothers often a______ over small things, which makes their parents sad.
After days of discussion, they finally reached an a______.
We should keep the important rules in mind when getting along with ______（邻居）.
The Giant has been away from his garden for a long time, so it looks very ______（荒凉的）.
She helped me with my homework, and in ______（回报）, I bought her a gift.
The little girl felt ______（害怕的）when she saw the big dog.
Since Grade 7, we have been good friends and built a strong b______.
It is ______（自私的）to take all the candies without sharing with others.
The old man has lived alone in the village ______（自从）his wife passed away.
Flowers stand here and there in the park, making it look ______（充满活力的）.
二、英汉短语互译。
argue over ____________ keep...in mind ____________
knock down ____________ far away ____________
as time continues to drift ____________ 达成协议 ____________
到处，各处 ____________ 牢记，铭记 ____________
作为回报 ____________ 分界线 ____________
三、单项选择。
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
My grandparents have lived in the small town ______ more than fifty years.
A. since B. for C. in D. after
He doesn't like playing basketball, ______ does his brother.
A. so B. also C. nor D. either
The trees are ______ tall ______ they can block the strong sunlight.
A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to
—______ you ______ the new poem yet
—Yes, I read it this morning.
A. Have; read B. Did; read C. Will; read D. Do; read
The workers ______ the old wall because it was dangerous.
A. put up B. knocked down C. fixed up D. looked after
四、句型转换。
按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。
The Giant knocked down the wall of his garden.（改为被动语态）
The wall of his garden ______ ______ down by the Giant.
We have been friends since we came to this school.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ have you been friends
Spring never comes to the garden. Summer never comes to the garden, either.（合并为一句）
Spring never comes to the garden, ______ ______ summer.
The story is so interesting that all the students like it.（改为同义句）
It is ______ ______ interesting story that all the students like it.
He has already finished his homework.（改为一般疑问句）
______ he ______ his homework yet
五、阅读理解。
Passage 1
When the Giant returned to his garden after seven years' travel, he found children playing in it. He was very angry and shouted, "Get out of here!" The children were scared and ran away. Then the Giant built a high wall around the garden and put up a sign that said "No Entry".
After that, spring never came to the Giant's garden. It was always winter there, with snow and cold wind. The Giant felt lonely and sad. He couldn't understand why spring didn't arrive.
One morning, the Giant heard lovely music. He looked out of the window and saw children climbing through a hole in the wall. Wherever the children went, flowers bloomed and birds sang. He realized that he was wrong to drive the children away. So he picked up an axe and knocked down the wall. "Come in! The garden is yours now!" he said happily.
From then on, the Giant and the children played together every day. Spring stayed in the garden all year round, and the Giant never felt lonely again.
1.Why did the Giant shout at the children
A. Because the children broke his flowers.
B. Because he found the children playing in his garden.
C. Because the children didn't greet him.
D. Because the children made a lot of noise.
2.What did the Giant do to stop the children
A. He put up a sign and built a wall.
B. He asked the police for help.
C. He locked the gate of the garden.
D. He drove the children out of the town.
3.How did the Giant feel when spring didn't come to his garden
A. Angry and angry.
B. Lonely and sad.
C. Happy and excited.
D. Surprised and scared.
4.What made the Giant realize his mistake
A. The cold wind and snow.
B. The lovely music from outside.
C. Seeing children bring spring to the garden.
D. A letter from his friend.
5.What can we learn from the story
A. Giants don't like children.
B. Walls can keep people away.
C. Kindness to others brings happiness.
D. Spring only comes with flowers.
Passage 2
Confucius had many ideas about getting along with others, and one important idea is respect. A famous story called "The Six-Foot Lane" shows this idea clearly.
Long ago, two families lived next to each other. They both wanted to build new walls for their houses, but they argued over a small piece of land between them. The argument went on for days, and neither family wanted to give in.
One family had a relative who was a high official. They wrote a letter to him, asking for help to win the land. But when the official read the letter, he didn't agree to help. Instead, he wrote back a poem, telling them to give up three feet of the land.
The family followed the official's advice and moved their wall back three feet. When the other family saw this, they felt ashamed. They also moved their wall back three feet. In the end, a six-foot-wide lane was formed between the two houses. The two families stopped arguing and even became good neighbors.
This story is still told today because it teaches us an important lesson about getting along with others.
6.What is Confucius' important idea mentioned in the passage
A. Honesty.
B. Respect.
C. Kindness.
D. Patience.
7.Why did the two families argue
A. Because they hated each other.
B. Because one family broke the other's wall.
C. Because they fought for a piece of land.
D. Because they both wanted to build a lane.
8.What did one family do to win the argument
A. They asked their official relative for help.
B. They built a high wall quickly.
C. They wrote a poem to the other family.
D. They moved their wall back three feet.
9.Why did the other family move their wall back
A. Because the official told them to.
B. Because they felt ashamed of themselves.
C. Because they wanted to build a wider lane.
D. Because they were afraid of the official.
10.What lesson does "The Six-Foot Lane" teach us
A. We should always win arguments.
B. We should be flexible and kind to others.
C. We should ask officials for help when in trouble.
D. We should build walls between houses.
外研版 2024 八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along 同步习题答案解析
一、单词拼写（10 小题）
argue
解析：根据句意 “兄弟俩经常为小事争吵” 及首字母 “a”，结合单元核心词汇 “argue over（为…… 争吵）”，此处用动词原形 “argue”，符合一般现在时主语为复数的用法。
agreement
解析：“reach an agreement” 是单元重点短语，意为 “达成协议”，结合首字母 “a”，此处需填名词形式 “agreement”。
neighbors/neighbours
解析：“邻居” 对应的英文为 “neighbor”（美式）或 “neighbour”（英式），此处表示泛指，需用复数形式。
desolate
解析：“荒凉的” 是单元形容词词汇 “desolate”，用于描述花园长期无人打理的状态，符合语境。
return
解析：“in return” 是固定短语，意为 “作为回报”，为单元核心短语，直接填名词 “return”。
scared
解析：“害怕的” 修饰人时用 “scared”（强调主观感受），此处描述小女孩看到大狗时的感受，符合 “scared” 的用法；若修饰事物用 “scary”，需注意区分。
bond
解析：根据句意 “建立牢固的联系” 及首字母 “b”，单元词汇 “bond”（名词，意为 “联系、纽带”）符合语境，“build a strong bond” 表示 “建立牢固的联系”。
selfish
解析：“自私的” 对应的英文为 “selfish”，是单元形容词词汇，用于描述 “独占糖果不分享” 的行为，符合语义。
since
解析：“自从” 引导时间状语从句时，对应英文 “since”，且从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时（文中 “has lived” 为现在完成时），符合语法规则。
energetic
解析：“充满活力的” 是单元形容词 “energetic”，用于描述公园因鲜花变得有生机的状态，符合语境。
二、英汉短语互译（10 小题）
为…… 争吵
解析：单元核心短语，“argue” 为动词 “争吵”，“over” 后接争吵的对象，如 “argue over money（为钱争吵）”。
记住；把…… 记在心里
解析：固定短语，等同于 “keep...in one's mind”，如 “keep the rules in mind（记住规则）”，为单元重点短语。
推倒；撞倒
解析：“knock” 为动词 “撞击”，“down” 表示 “向下”，结合单元课文中 “knock down the wall（推倒墙）” 的用法，此处译为 “推倒；撞倒”。
遥远的；远离
解析：可作形容词短语（如 “a far away place”）或副词短语（如 “live far away”），单元中用于描述距离，符合 “遥远的；远离” 的含义。
随着时间的流逝
解析：“drift” 此处意为 “缓缓移动”，“as time continues to drift” 是单元中描述时间变化的表达，意译为 “随着时间的流逝”。
reach an agreement
解析：单元核心短语，“reach” 表示 “达成”，“agreement” 为 “协议”，需注意 “agreement” 为可数名词，常用 “an agreement”。
here and there
解析：固定短语，等同于 “everywhere”，在单元课文中用于描述事物分布，如 “flowers here and there（到处都是花）”。
keep in mind
解析：与 “keep...in mind” 结构相近，省略宾语时用 “keep in mind”，意为 “牢记”，为单元高频短语。
in return
解析：固定短语，表 “作为回报”，常与 “for” 搭配（如 “in return for help”），是单元重点交际用语。
dividing line
解析：“dividing” 为现在分词作定语，表 “分隔的”，“line” 为 “线条”，结合单元 “人际交往中的界限” 话题，译为 “分界线”。
三、单项选择
B（for）
解析：本题考查现在完成时的时间状语。“for + 时间段” 表示 “持续…… 时间”，“since + 时间点 / 从句” 表示 “自从……”，句中 “more than fifty years” 是时间段，故用 “for”；“in” 后接将来时间，“after” 后接过去时间，均不符合 “have lived”（现在完成时）的语境。
C（nor）
解析：本题考查倒装句。前半句 “doesn't like” 为否定句，后半句表示 “他弟弟也不喜欢”，需用 “nor + 助动词 + 主语” 的倒装结构；“so” 用于肯定句倒装，“also”“either” 无倒装用法，故填 “nor”。
B（so; that）
解析：本题考查结果状语从句。“so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句”“such + 名词短语 + that 从句” 均表示 “如此…… 以至于”，句中 “tall” 是形容词，故用 “so; that”；“too; to” 后接动词原形（表 “太…… 而不能”），“enough; to” 后接动词原形（表 “足够…… 去做”），均无 “that 从句” 结构，排除 A、D。
A（Have; read）
解析：本题考查现在完成时。句中 “yet” 是现在完成时的标志词（常用于疑问句和否定句），结构为 “Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词”，主语 “you” 用 “Have”，“read” 的过去分词仍为 “read”；“Did; read” 是一般过去时，“Will; read” 是一般将来时，“Do; read” 是一般现在时，均不与 “yet” 搭配。
B（knocked down）
解析：本题考查单元短语辨析。“knocked down” 意为 “推倒”，符合 “旧墙危险所以推倒” 的语境；“put up”（搭建）、“fixed up”（修理）、“looked after”（照顾）均与 “墙危险” 的逻辑不符，故排除 A、C、D。
四、句型转换（5 小题）
was knocked
解析：被动语态结构为 “主语 + be + 过去分词”，原句是一般过去时，主语 “the wall” 为单数，故 “be” 用 “was”，“knocked down” 的过去分词为 “knocked”，组合为 “was knocked”。
How long
解析：划线部分 “since we came to this school” 表示 “时间段”，对时间段提问用 “how long”（多久）；“when” 对时间点提问，“how soon” 对 “in + 时间段” 提问，均不符合，故填 “How long”。
nor does
解析：前半句 “never comes” 为否定句，后半句表示 “夏天也不”，需用 “nor + 助动词 + 主语” 的倒装结构；主语 “summer” 是单数，一般现在时助动词用 “does”，故填 “nor does”。
such an
解析：原句 “so + 形容词 + that” 改为同义句 “such + 名词短语 + that”，“interesting story” 是 “形容词 + 可数名词单数”，需加不定冠词 “an”（“interesting” 以元音音素开头），故填 “such an”。
Has; finished
解析：现在完成时的一般疑问句结构为 “Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词”，主语 “he” 用 “Has”，“already” 在疑问句中改为 “yet”（句末已给出 “yet”），“finished” 的过去分词仍为 “finished”，故填 “Has; finished”。
五、阅读理解（2 篇）
Passage 1
B（Because he found the children playing in his garden.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 “he found children playing in it. He was very angry and shouted” 可知，巨人喊孩子是因为发现他们在自己的花园里玩，A（弄坏花）、C（没打招呼）、D（制造噪音）文中均未提及。
A（He put up a sign and built a wall.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 “built a high wall...and put up a sign that said 'No Entry'” 可知，巨人通过 “建墙 + 贴告示” 阻止孩子，B（找警察）、C（锁门）、D（赶出城镇）文中无相关描述。
B（Lonely and sad.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句 “The Giant felt lonely and sad” 可知，春天不来时巨人的感受是 “孤独又难过”，A（生气）、C（开心）、D（惊讶害怕）与原文不符。
C（Seeing children bring spring to the garden.）
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段 “children climbing through a hole...flowers bloomed and birds sang. He realized that he was wrong” 可知，巨人看到孩子带来春天，才意识到自己的错误；A（风雪）是春天不来的景象，B（音乐）是孩子带来的伴随物，D（朋友的信）文中未提。
C（Kindness to others brings happiness.）
解析：主旨大意题。故事中巨人从 “赶走孩子（自私）” 到 “推倒墙（友善）”，最终收获快乐，体现 “友善待人带来幸福” 的道理；A（巨人不喜欢孩子）与结尾巨人陪孩子玩矛盾，B（墙能隔绝人）是表面现象，D（春天只随花来）不符合 “孩子带来春天” 的核心。
Passage 2
B（Respect.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 “one important idea is respect” 可知，孔子提及的重要理念是 “尊重”，A（诚实）、C（善良）、D（耐心）文中未作为孔子的理念提及。
C（Because they fought for a piece of land.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 “they argued over a small piece of land between them” 可知，两家人争吵是因为 “争夺一块土地”，A（互相讨厌）、B（弄坏墙）、D（想建小路）均与原文不符。
A（They asked their official relative for help.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 “One family had a relative who was a high official. They wrote a letter to him, asking for help” 可知，其中一家找当官的亲戚帮忙，B（快速建墙）、C（写诗）、D（退墙三尺）是后续行为，并非 “为赢争吵做的事”。
B（Because they felt ashamed of themselves.）
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 “when the other family saw this, they felt ashamed. They also moved their wall back three feet” 可知，另一家因 “感到羞愧” 而退墙，A（官员要求）、C（想建宽路）、D（害怕官员）文中无依据。
B（We should be flexible and kind to others.）
解析：主旨大意题。故事中两家人通过 “各退三尺” 化解矛盾，体现 “为人处世要灵活、友善” 的道理；A（总要赢争吵）与故事主旨相反，C（遇事找官员）非核心启示，D（建墙隔邻居）与故事结局矛盾，故排除。

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