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外研版（2019）高中英语必修一
Unit 4 Friends Forever
重点词汇讲义
1. loyal / l l/ adj. 忠诚的，忠心的
同根词: loyalty (忠诚)，disloyal (不忠诚的)
同义词: faithful, devoted / 反义词: disloyal, unfaithful
固定搭配: be loyal to (对...忠诚)
例句: A loyal friend will stand by you through thick and thin. 一个忠诚的朋友会与你同甘共苦。
2. trust /tr st/ n. 信任 v. 信任
同根词: trustworthy (值得信赖的)，distrust (不信任)
同义词: believe, rely on / 反义词: distrust, mistrust
固定搭配: trust sb. with sth. (委托某人某事); earn one's trust (赢得信任)
例句: Trust is the foundation of any strong relationship. 信任是任何牢固关系的基础。
3. friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊
同根词: friend (朋友)，friendly (友好的)
同义词: companionship, bond
固定搭配: build a friendship (建立友谊); value friendship (珍视友谊)
例句: True friendship is more valuable than money. 真正的友谊比金钱更珍贵。
4. support /s p t/ v. 支持，支撑 n. 支持
同根词: supporter (支持者)，supportive (支持的)
同义词: back, help / 反义词: oppose, hinder
固定搭配: emotional support (情感支持); support each other (互相支持)
例句: Thank you for your support during my difficult time. 感谢你在我困难时期给予的支持。
5. communicate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流，沟通
同根词: communication (交流)，communicative (健谈的)
同义词: converse, talk
固定搭配: communicate with (与...交流)
例句: We need to communicate openly to avoid misunderstandings. 我们需要开诚布公地交流以避免误会。
6. understand / nd st nd/ v. 理解，明白
同根词: understanding (理解力)，misunderstand (误解)
同义词: comprehend, grasp / 反义词: misunderstand
固定搭配: make oneself understood (让别人明白自己的意思)
例句: I totally understand how you feel. 我完全理解你的感受。
7. share / e (r)/ v. 分享，分担 n. 一份
同根词: shared (共享的)，sharing (分享)
同义词: divide, distribute
固定搭配: share sth. with sb. (与某人分享某物)
例句: Good friends share joys and sorrows. 好朋友分享快乐，分担悲伤。
8. respect /r spekt/ v. 尊敬，尊重 n. 尊敬
同根词: respectful (表示尊敬的)，respectable (体面的)
同义词: admire, esteem / 反义词: disrespect
固定搭配: respect each other (互相尊重)
例句: Mutual respect is crucial for a lasting friendship. 相互尊重对于持久的友谊至关重要。
9. forgive /f ɡ v/ v. 原谅，宽恕
同根词: forgiveness (宽恕)，forgiving (宽宏大量的)
同义词: pardon, excuse / 反义词: blame, resent
固定搭配: forgive sb. for sth. (原谅某人做了某事)
例句: True friends know how to forgive and forget. 真正的朋友懂得如何宽恕和忘记。
10. argue / ɑ ɡju / v. 争论，辩论
同根词: argument (争论)，argumentative (好争论的)
同义词: dispute, quarrel
固定搭配: argue with sb. about sth. (为某事与某人争论)
例句: It's normal for friends to argue sometimes. 朋友之间有时争吵是正常的。
11. comfort / k mf t/ n. 安慰，舒适 v. 安慰
同根词: comfortable (舒适的)，comforting (令人安慰的)
同义词: console, soothe / 反义词: distress
固定搭配: take comfort in (从...中得到安慰)
例句: She comforted her crying friend. 她安慰了她正在哭泣的朋友。
12. encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励，激励
同根词: encouragement (鼓励)，courage (勇气)
同义词: inspire, motivate / 反义词: discourage
固定搭配: encourage sb. to do sth. (鼓励某人做某事)
例句: My friends always encourage me to pursue my dreams. 我的朋友们总是鼓励我追求梦想。
13. accept / k sept/ v. 接受，接纳
同根词: acceptance (接受)，acceptable (可接受的)
同义词: receive, take / 反义词: refuse, reject
固定搭配: accept sb. for who they are (接受某人的本色)
例句: A true friend accepts you with all your flaws. 真正的朋友会接受你的所有缺点。
14. admire / d ma (r)/ v. 钦佩，欣赏
同根词: admiration (钦佩)，admirable (令人钦佩的)
同义词: look up to, respect / 反义词: despise, look down on
固定搭配: admire sb. for sth. (因某事钦佩某人)
例句: I really admire her positive attitude towards life. 我真的很欣赏她积极的生活态度。
15. appreciate / pri ie t/ v. 欣赏，感激
同根词: appreciation (欣赏)，appreciative (感激的)
同义词: value, be grateful for
固定搭配: appreciate one's help (感激某人的帮助)
例句: I deeply appreciate your kindness. 我深深感谢你的好意。
16. belong /b l / v. 属于，应归入
同根词: belonging (归属感)，belongings (所有物)
固定搭配: belong to (属于)
例句: I feel like I belong when I'm with my friends. 和朋友在一起时，我感觉有归属感。
17. influence / nflu ns/ n. 影响 v. 影响
同根词: influential (有影响力的)
同义词: affect, impact
固定搭配: have a good/bad influence on (对...有好/坏影响)
例句: My best friend has a positive influence on me. 我最好的朋友对我有积极的影响。
18. promise / pr m s/ n. 承诺 v. 承诺
同根词: promising (有前途的)
同义词: vow, pledge
固定搭配: keep/break a promise (信守/违背诺言)
例句: He promised to help me with my project. 他答应帮我做项目。
19. rely /r la / v. 依靠，依赖
同根词: reliable (可靠的)，reliance (依赖)
同义词: depend, count on
固定搭配: rely on (依赖)
例句: You can rely on me whenever you need help. 无论何时你需要帮助，都可以依靠我。
20. betray /b tre / v. 背叛，出卖
同根词: betrayal (背叛)，betrayer (背叛者)
同义词: be disloyal to / 反义词: be loyal to
例句: Betraying a friend's trust is unforgivable. 背叛朋友的信任是不可原谅的。
21. jealous / d el s/ adj. 嫉妒的，妒忌的
同根词: jealousy (嫉妒)
同义词: envious / 反义词: generous, content
固定搭配: be jealous of (嫉妒...)
例句: She felt jealous of her friend's new car. 她嫉妒她朋友的新车。
22. generous / d en r s/ adj. 慷慨的，大方的
同根词: generosity (慷慨)
同义词: kind, unselfish / 反义词: stingy, selfish
固定搭配: be generous with (在...方面大方)
例句: He is very generous with his time and money. 他对自己的时间和金钱都很慷慨。
23. honest / n st/ adj. 诚实的，正直的
同根词: honesty (诚实)，dishonest (不诚实的)
同义词: truthful, sincere / 反义词: dishonest, deceitful
固定搭配: to be honest (老实说)
例句: An honest friend is a true treasure. 一个诚实的朋友是真正的财富。
24. sincere /s n s (r)/ adj. 真诚的，诚挚的
同根词: sincerity (真诚)，insincere (不真诚的)
同义词: genuine, honest / 反义词: insincere, fake
例句: Please accept my sincere apologies. 请接受我诚挚的歉意。
25. reliable /r la bl/ adj. 可靠的，可信赖的
同根词: rely (依赖)，reliability (可靠性)
同义词: dependable, trustworthy / 反义词: unreliable
例句: She is a reliable friend who always keeps her word. 她是个可靠的朋友，总是信守诺言。
26. thoughtful / θ tfl/ adj. 体贴的，关心他人的；深思的
同根词: thought (想法)，thoughtfully (体贴地)
同义词: considerate / 反义词: thoughtless, inconsiderate
例句: It was very thoughtful of you to remember my birthday. 你真体贴，还记得我的生日。
27. caring / ke r / adj. 关心他人的，有爱心的
同根词: care (关心)，carefully (小心地)
同义词: kind, compassionate / 反义词: uncaring, cold
例句: She has a very caring nature. 她本性很有爱心。
28. outgoing / a tɡ / adj. 外向的，开朗的
同义词: extroverted, sociable / 反义词: shy, introverted
例句: His outgoing personality helps him make friends easily. 他外向的性格使他很容易交到朋友。
29. shy / a / adj. 害羞的，腼腆的
同根词: shyness (害羞)
同义词: timid, bashful / 反义词: outgoing, bold
例句: She was too shy to speak in front of the whole class. 她太害羞了，不敢在全班同学面前讲话。
30. humorous / hju m r s/ adj. 幽默的，风趣的
同根词: humor (幽默)，humorless (缺乏幽默感的)
同义词: funny, witty / 反义词: serious, boring
例句: We all enjoy his humorous stories. 我们都喜欢听他讲的幽默故事。
31. patient / pe nt/ adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人
同根词: patience (耐心)，impatient (不耐烦的)
同义词: tolerant / 反义词: impatient
固定搭配: be patient with (对...有耐心)
例句: A good friend is patient with your mistakes. 好朋友会对你的错误有耐心。
32. responsible /r sp ns bl/ adj. 有责任感的，负责的
同根词: responsibility (责任)，irresponsible (不负责任的)
同义词: accountable, dependable / 反义词: irresponsible
固定搭配: be responsible for (对...负责)
例句: You should be responsible for your own actions. 你应该对你自己的行为负责。
panion /k m p ni n/ n. 同伴，伙伴
同根词: companionship (伙伴关系)，company (陪伴)
同义词: partner, friend
例句: My dog is my faithful companion. 我的狗是我忠实的伙伴。
34. acquaintance / kwe nt ns/ n. 熟人，相识
同根词: acquaint (使认识)
同义词: contact / 反义词: stranger, close friend
固定搭配: make sb's acquaintance (结识某人)
例句: He is just an acquaintance, not a close friend. 他只是个熟人，不是密友。
35. personality / p s n l ti/ n. 个性，性格
同根词: person (人)，personal (个人的)
同义词: character, nature
例句: She has a very cheerful personality. 她性格非常开朗。
36. character / k r kt (r)/ n. 性格，品质；人物；字符
同义词: personality, nature
固定搭配: strength of character (性格力量)
例句: We judge people by their character, not their appearance. 我们通过品格而不是外表来判断一个人。
37. bond /b nd/ n. 联系，纽带 v. 建立联系
同义词: tie, connection
固定搭配: strengthen the bond (加强联系)
例句: The shared experience created a strong bond between them. 共同的经历在他们之间建立了牢固的纽带。
38. relationship /r le n p/ n. 关系，联系
同根词: relate (关联)，relative (相对的)
同义词: connection, association
例句: It takes effort to maintain a good relationship. 维持良好的关系需要付出努力。
39. intimacy / nt m si/ n. 亲密，密切
同根词: intimate (亲密的)
同义词: closeness / 反义词: distance
例句: The intimacy between the two friends was obvious to everyone. 这两位朋友之间的亲密关系大家都看得出来。
40. confidence / k nf d ns/ n. 信心，信任；秘密
同根词: confident (有信心的)，confidential (机密的)
同义词: trust, faith; secret
固定搭配: have confidence in (对...有信心); in confidence (秘密地)
例句: A good friend is someone you can share your confidences with. 好朋友是你可以分享秘密的人。
41. secret / si kr t/ n. 秘密 adj. 秘密的
同根词: secrecy (保密)，secretive (遮遮掩掩的)
同义词: confidence
固定搭配: keep a secret (保守秘密)
例句: Can you keep a secret 你能保守秘密吗？
42. memory / mem ri/ n. 记忆，回忆
同根词: memorize (记忆)，memorial (纪念物)
同义词: recollection
固定搭配: childhood memory (童年记忆)
例句: We created many happy memories together. 我们共同创造了许多快乐的回忆。
43. experience / k sp ri ns/ n. 经历，经验 v. 经历
同根词: experienced (有经验的)
同义词: encounter, undergo
例句: Traveling alone was an unforgettable experience for me. 独自旅行对我来说是一次难忘的经历。
44. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险，奇遇
同根词: adventurer (冒险家)，adventurous (爱冒险的)
同义词: exploration, venture
例句: They went on an adventure in the forest. 他们去森林里冒险了。
45. hardship / hɑ d p/ n. 艰难，困苦
同根词: hard (困难的)
同义词: difficulty, suffering / 反义词: ease, comfort
例句: True friends help each other through hardships. 真正的朋友会互相帮助度过难关。
46. quarrel / kw r l/ n. 争吵 v. 争吵
同义词: argument, dispute
固定搭配: have a quarrel with (与...争吵)
例句: They had a quarrel over a trivial matter. 他们为了一件小事争吵。
47. misunderstanding / m s nd st nd / n. 误解，误会
同根词: understand (理解)，misunderstand (误解)
同义词: misconception / 反义词: understanding
例句: The argument was based on a simple misunderstanding. 这场争吵源于一个简单的误会。
48. apology / p l d i/ n. 道歉，歉意
同根词: apologize (道歉)
同义词: excuse
固定搭配: make an apology to sb. (向某人道歉)
例句: You owe him an apology for what you said. 你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。
49. forgiveness /f ɡ vn s/ n. 原谅，宽恕
同根词: forgive (原谅)，forgiving (宽恕的)
同义词: pardon / 反义词: blame, resentment
例句: She asked for his forgiveness. 她请求他的原谅。
50. reunion / ri ju ni n/ n. 重聚，团聚
同根词: reunite (重聚)
固定搭配: class reunion (同学聚会)
例句: We are looking forward to our class reunion next month. 我们期待着下个月的班级聚会。
51. distance / d st ns/ n. 距离，远方
同根词: distant (遥远的)
固定搭配: long-distance friendship (远距离友谊)
例句: Despite the distance, they remain close friends. 尽管相隔遥远，他们仍然是亲密的朋友。
52. technology /tek n l d i/ n. 技术，科技
同根词: technical (技术的)，technologist (技术专家)
例句: Modern technology helps us stay connected with friends. 现代科技帮助我们与朋友保持联系。
53. social / s l/ adj. 社会的；社交的
同根词: society (社会)，socialize (社交)
固定搭配: social media (社交媒体); social skills (社交技巧)
例句: She is very active in her social life. 她的社交生活非常活跃。
54. virtual / v t u l/ adj. 虚拟的
同根词: virtually (几乎)
固定搭配: virtual world (虚拟世界); virtual reality (虚拟现实)
例句: They met in a virtual online game. 他们在一个虚拟的在线游戏中相识。
55. forever /f r ev (r)/ adv. 永远
同义词: always, eternally / 反义词: never
例句: I hope our friendship lasts forever. 我希望我们的友谊天长地久。
56. close /kl s/ adj. 亲密的；靠近的 adv. 靠近地
同义词: intimate, near / 反义词: distant, far
固定搭配: a close friend (一个亲密的朋友)
例句: She is one of my closest friends. 她是我最亲密的朋友之一。
57. true /tru / adj. 真实的；真正的；忠实的
同根词: truth (真相)，truly (真正地)
同义词: real, genuine, faithful / 反义词: false, fake
固定搭配: a true friend (真正的朋友)
例句: A true friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
58. precious / pre s/ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的
同义词: valuable, cherished / 反义词: worthless
例句: Time spent with friends is precious. 与朋友共度的时光是宝贵的。
59. valuable / v lju bl/ adj. 有价值的，贵重的
同根词: value (价值)，invaluable (无价的)
同义词: precious, important / 反义词: worthless
例句: He gave me some valuable advice. 他给了我一些宝贵的建议。
60. unforgettable / nf ɡet bl/ adj. 难忘的
同根词: forget (忘记)，forgettable (容易被忘的)
同义词: memorable / 反义词: forgettable
例句: We had an unforgettable trip together. 我们共同度过了一次难忘的旅行。
61. maintain /me n te n/ v. 维持，保持；维修
同根词: maintenance (维护)
同义词: keep, preserve
固定搭配: maintain a friendship (维持友谊)
例句: It takes effort from both sides to maintain a friendship. 维持友谊需要双方的努力。
62. develop /d vel p/ v. 发展，开发；成长
同根词: development (发展)，developing (发展中的)
同义词: grow, evolve
固定搭配: develop a friendship (发展友谊)
例句: Our friendship developed gradually over time. 我们的友谊随着时间的推移而逐渐发展。
63. strengthen / stre θn/ v. 加强，巩固
同根词: strength (力量)，strong (强壮的)
同义词: reinforce / 反义词: weaken
例句: Going through difficulties together can strengthen a friendship. 共渡难关可以巩固友谊。
64. cherish / t er / v. 珍爱，珍惜
同义词: treasure, value
例句: I will always cherish the memories of our friendship. 我将永远珍藏我们友谊的回忆。
65. treasure / tre (r)/ n. 财富，珍宝 v. 珍爱，珍惜
同义词: cherish, value
例句: A good friend is a real treasure. 好朋友是真正的财富。
66. inspire / n spa (r)/ v. 激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感
同根词: inspiration (灵感)，inspiring (鼓舞人心的)
同义词: encourage, motivate
固定搭配: inspire sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事)
例句: Her story inspired me to never give up. 她的故事激励我永不放弃。
67. listen / l sn/ v. 倾听，听
同根词: listener (倾听者)
固定搭配: listen to (听...)
例句: A good friend knows how to listen. 好朋友懂得如何倾听。
68. care /ke (r)/ v. 关心，在乎 n. 照顾，关心
同根词: careful (小心的)，caring (关心人的)
同义词: concern, worry
固定搭配: care about (关心，在乎)
例句: I really care about my friends. 我真的很在乎我的朋友们。
69. help /help/ v. 帮助 n. 帮助
同根词: helpful (有帮助的)，helpless (无助的)
同义词: assist, aid
固定搭配: help sb. with sth. (帮助某人做某事)
例句: Friends should help each other. 朋友应该互相帮助。
70. smile /sma l/ n. 微笑 v. 微笑
同义词: grin / 反义词: frown
固定搭配: with a smile (带着微笑)
例句: Her smile always makes me feel better. 她的微笑总能让我感觉更好。
主要短语讲解：
1. lose touch (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）失去联系
例句：We promised we would never lose touch with each other after graduation.
2. stay/keep in touch (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）保持联系
例句：Thanks to social media, it's easier to stay in touch with friends from all over the world.
3. get in touch (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）取得联系
例句：I need to get in touch with my old friend to invite her to my wedding.
4. drift apart
释义：疏远，渐行渐远（指关系）
例句：As we grew older and pursued different careers, we gradually drifted apart.
5. look back (on sth.)
释义：回顾，回忆
例句：When I look back on my childhood, I feel grateful for those true friends.
6. base on/upon
释义：以……为基础，基于
例句：Their friendship is based on mutual trust and understanding.
7. make friends (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）交朋友
例句：It's important to learn how to make friends with people from different cultures.
8. build up
释义：建立，增进
例句：Trust takes time to build up between friends.
9. count on/depend on/rely on
释义：依靠，依赖
例句：A true friend is someone you can always count on in times of trouble.
10. turn to sb.
释义：向某人求助/倾诉
例句：Whenever I have a problem, she is the first person I turn to.
11. keep a secret
释义：保守秘密
例句：Can I trust you to keep a secret
12. share sth. with sb.
释义：与某人分享某物
例句：She is willing to share her joys and sorrows with me.
13. have a lot/nothing in common (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）有很多/没有共同之处
例句：Even though we have a lot in common, we still respect our differences.
14. fall out (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）吵架，失和
例句：They fell out with each other over a silly misunderstanding.
15. make up (with sb.)
释义：（与某人）和好
例句：After a serious argument, it took them a week to make up.
16. look up to sb.
释义：尊敬，钦佩某人
例句：I really look up to my best friend for her courage and honesty.
17. put oneself in sb.'s shoes
释义：设身处地为某人着想
例句：Before you judge him, try to put yourself in his shoes.
18. cheer sb. up
释义：使某人高兴/振作起来
例句：He told me a funny joke to cheer me up when I was feeling down.
19. let sb. down
释义：让某人失望
例句：I promise I won't let you down.
e across
释义：偶然遇见，碰上
例句：I came across an old photo of us while cleaning my room.
21. hear from sb.
释义：收到某人的来信/消息
例句：I haven't heard from him for ages.
22. belong to
释义：属于
例句：This book belongs to my friend.
23. sign up (for sth.)
释义：报名（参加）
例句：We signed up for the same cooking class.
24. take sth. for granted
释义：认为……理所当然
例句：We should never take our friends' kindness for granted.
25. go through
释义：经历，度过
例句：We went through many difficulties together.
26. point out
释义：指出
例句：A good friend will politely point out your mistakes.
27. give sb. a hand
释义：帮助某人
例句：He always gives me a hand when I move house.
28. look forward to (doing) sth.
释义：期待（做）某事
例句：I'm looking forward to seeing you again.
29. be likely to do sth.
释义：很可能做某事
例句：If you don't communicate, you are likely to drift apart.
30. be grateful (to sb. for sth.)
释义：（因某事对某人）心存感激
例句：I am truly grateful to you for your support.
31. be proud of
释义：为……感到骄傲
例句：I am very proud of my friend's achievements.
32. be fond of
释义：喜欢，喜爱
例句：She is very fond of classical music.
33. be aware of
释义：意识到，知道
例句：Are you aware of the changes in his attitude
34. be worthy of
释义：值得……
例句：His friendship is worthy of our cherishment.
35. be there for sb.
释义：（在需要时）支持某人，陪伴某人
例句：A true friend will always be there for you.
36. be mad at/with sb.
释义：生某人的气
例句：She was mad at me for forgetting her birthday.
37. be similar to
释义：与……相似
例句：Our tastes in music are similar to each other.
38. be different from
释义：与……不同
例句：His personality is completely different from mine.
39. in touch (with)
释义：（与……）保持联系（的状态）
例句：Let's stay in touch.
40. out of touch (with)
释义：（与……）失去联系（的状态）
例句：He is out of touch with current trends.
41. in common
释义：共同的
例句：They found they had many interests in common.
42. in person
释义：亲自，当面
例句：I prefer to talk in person rather than online.
43. face to face
释义：面对面地
例句：We need to have a face-to-face conversation.
44. side by side
释义：并肩地，一起
例句：We worked side by side on the project.
45. as a result
释义：结果
例句：We had a big argument, and as a result, we didn't speak for a month.
46. in need
释义：在危难中，在困难中
例句：A friend in need is a friend indeed. （患难见真情。）
47. for ever / forever
释义：永远
例句：I hope our friendship will last forever.
48. at times
释义：有时，间或
例句：At times, we disagree with each other, but that's normal.
49. so far
释义：到目前为止
例句：So far, we have managed to overcome every obstacle.
50. no matter what/when/how...
释义：无论什么/何时/如何……
例句：I will support you no matter what happens.

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