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(共32张PPT)
Grammar and Usage(I)
Sentence Elements and Sentence Structures
Unit 1 Back to school
Sentence Elements
Point out the sentence elements of the underlined part(s) of the following sentences.
1. He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment.
2. Listening to music makes me relaxed.
3. Clearly, talking to him is a mistake.
4. We should develop good study habits.
5. I felt happy because I was praised by the teacher.
6. Many students join school clubs.
7. The subject I like best is English.
Sentence Elements and Sentence Structures
1. He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment.
2. Listening to music makes me relaxed.
3. Clearly, talking to him is a mistake.
4. We should develop good study habits.
Attributive(定语）
Complement(补语)
Adverbial(状语)
Object(宾语)
Sentence Elements and Sentence Structures
5. I felt happy because I was praised by the teacher.
6. Many students join school clubs.
7. The subject I like best is English.
Predicative(表语)
Verb(谓语)
Subject(主语)
Sentence Elements
Go through the Grammar notes on Page 96-97.
What does Albert Einstein say Do you agree with him
What’s the significance of setting goals
Listen to the speech on page 6 and answer the questions.
Step 1 Watch and answer
No. Five Sentence patterns Subject (主语) Verb (谓语) Object (宾语) What else (其他) Structure (结构)
1 I agree. SV
2 By setting goals, We can develop good habits. SVO
3 Setting goals can give a focus to us. SVOO
4 Setting goals makes us more confident. SVOC
5 Goals are important. SVP
I
agree
We
can
develop
good
habits
Setting
goals
can give
a focus
to us
Setting
goals
makes
us
more
confident
Goals
are
important
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
若是在句子中，
句子中的主语就相当于主角。
我们就写一句以李华(Li Hua)为主语的话吧。
（我们就演一场以李华为主角的戏吧。）
主角登场！
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
李华是一名学生。
________________________
看，李华就是我们的主角，句子的核心。这就是主语，主语可以是名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词，从句，the+形容词等等。
Li Hua is a student.
1.主角登场—主语(Subject)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
李华是一名新高一学生。
_________________________
“new senior”（新高中的）就像给“student”（学生）这个身份化了个妆，让它更具体。修饰名词的成分叫定语。定语一般为形容词、定语从句等。
Li Hua is a new senior student.
2.给主角化妆—定语(Attributive)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
李华谈论了他的目标。________________________
“talked about”（谈论）是主角发出的动作，即为谓语。
“his goals”（他的目标）是动作“谈论”的承受对象，即为宾语。
Li Hua talked about his goals.
3. 主角的行动—谓语(Verb)
4. 行动的对象 —— 宾语 (Object)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
李华今早谈论了他的目标。________________________
“this morning”（今天早上）交代了动作发生的时间，为故事搭建了舞台，即为时间状语。另还有地点状语、原因状语、目的状语等。
Li Hua talked about his goals this morning.
5. 搭建舞台 —— 状语 (Adverbial)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
他的目标是提升英语。________________________
“to improve his English”（提高英语）位于系动词“is”后面，说明了主语“His goal”的内容或状态，即为表语。
His goal is to improve his English.
6. 主角的身份/状态 — 表语 (Predicative)
Step 1 Watch and answer
系动词:“妆”感正持续变好 1. 状态 be动词（am/is/are）
2. 感官
3. 证明 prove
4. 持续
5. 变化
6. 好像
look, taste, feel, smell, sound
keep, stay, remain
become, get, go, grow, turn
seem, appear
Li Hua is sure to improve his English by studying hard and so do YOU!
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
他的老师——王老师，给了他很多支持。________________________
“Mrs. Wang”（王老师）即“His teacher”（他的老师），是同一个人的不同名称，起补充说明的作用。这就是同位语。
His teacher, Mrs. Wang, gave him much support.
8. 主角的“影分身”—— 同位语 (Appositive)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Exploring the rules
王老师的支持让李华非常开心。
________________________________
“very happy”（非常开心）补充说明了宾语“Li Hua”的感受，让句意变得完整圆满。这就是宾语补足语。
Mrs. Wang’s support has made Li Hua very happy.
8. 补充剧情—宾语补足语 (Object Complement)
Step 1 Watch and answer
Applying the rules
主语+谓语
宾语
定语
状语
补语
同位语
表语
Li Hua’s story
Li Hua is a new senior student.
He talked about his goals this morning.
His goal is to improve his English.
His teacher, Mrs. Wang, gave him much support.
Mrs. Wang’s support has made Li Hua very happy.
Step 1 Watch and answer
Applying the rules
Li Hua’s goal
Li Hua is a new senior student.
He talked about his goals this morning.
His goal is to improve his English.
His teacher, Mrs. Wang, gave him much support.
Mrs. Wang’s support has made Li Hua very happy.
Match each sentence with the correct struture.
a. SV
b. SVP
c. SVO
d. SVOO
e. SVOC
Working out the Rules
Subject + Verb(SV)
Subject + Verb + Predicative(SVP)
Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)
Subject + Verb + Indirect object+ Direct object(SVOO)
Subject + Verb + Object + Object complement (SVOC)
Rule 2:
A transitive verb is always followed by a(n) _________. Objects are usually _______ or ___________._
Working out the Rules
object
nouns
pronouns
Rule 1
The subject and the __________ are necessary parts of a sentence.
verb
Rule 3: Some verbs can have two objects.
The indirect object usually refers to a person and the direct object a thing.
S+V+IO+DO
Setting goals gives you a focus in life.
My English teacher Ben gave me a present for my hard work.
Working out the Rules
S + V + O + OC
Do your best and make us proud.
Rule 4: The object complement adds more information about the object.
object complement
Working out the Rules
Complete the following sentences with proper object complements.
1. She felt something _______ on her skin.
2. Justine named his grandson ________.
3. My classmates painted the back wall _______.
4. My daughter imagined herself _________ in a mountain village.
5. Our parents encouraged us _____________ at school.
climbing
Max
white
living
to study hard
Practice
We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time), where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done.
Eg. We (carefully) watched our chemistry teacher do an experiment [with tubes] [in the lab] [last week].
Adverbials
how
how
where
when
Find out the adverbials.
1. Put simply, potential is your natural ability.
2. To realize your goal, you need to have a good plan, manage your time well and pay attention to details.
3. When you achieve a goal, you see the result of your hard work.
Practice
1. Preview Page 7 (B Applying the rules)
2. Page 58 Part C
Homework
1.Weather matters a great deal. ( )
2. School meals are fresh and healthy. ( )
3. Our school offers students a balanced diet. ( )
4. A balanced diet keeps the body healthy. ( )
5. Students have fresh fruit and vegetables. ( )
P58
C. Match the sentences below with the correct structures.
a. SV b. SVP c. SVO d. SVOO
e. SVOC f. SVA g. SVOA
f
b
d
e
c
6. Amy likes watching English films very much. ( )
7. English learning is interesting, meaningful and practical. ( )
8. Focusing on using English makes English learning more effective. ( )
9. The speech began. ( )
10. She acquires a good knowledge of English. ( )
P58
C. Match the sentence below with the correct structures.
g
b
e
a
c
a. SV b. SVP c. SVO d. SVOO
e. SVOC f. SVA g. SVOA
P7
B1 Mark the different elements of each sentence with different symbols.
1. You will find (senior high) school different from (junior high) school.
2. (Your) schoolwork will be more challenging.
3. We will give you (more) independence.
4. You should listen [more carefully].
5. You can join a club.
6. (Your) teachers will help you [in (many) ways].
7. You will succeed.
B2 Below are some tips about setting goals. Match the underlined sentences with the correct structures. Write the letters in the boxes.
c
b
d
g
e
a
f
1________ (be)a member of my new school’s basketball team 2______ my goal now, because basketball is my favorite sport. Besides 3__________ (exercise) my body, I will make new acquaintances through this activity. More 4__________(important), exercising should go hand in hand with studying, so in the new term, I hope5 _________ (have) faster and better 6________(grow) in both my body
7 _____ my mind.
Practice
Fill in the blanks with one word or proper form of the word given.
Being
is
exercising
importantly
to have
growth
and

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