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仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
Words and Expressions
新人教必修三
Unit 5
The Value of Money
basis [ be s s] n. 基础; 基准,原则
on the basis of sth根据某事
on a daily/weekly basis 每天/周
on a regular basis 定期
base...on/upon把……建立在…上
be based on 以…为基础;以……为根据
base vt.以…为根据　n.基地;基础
basic adj.基本的
basically adv.大体上;基本上
→bases n.(pl)
Work out 　　 　a daily basis,and you will become fit and lose weight.
The film,　　　　　　(base) on a true story in World War Ⅱ,is a great success.
When you select a flower arrangement,it is 　　　　(base) to select a structure.
__________ (basic), the article can be divided into 3 parts.
on
based　
basic
Basically
basis [ be s s] n. 基础; 基准,原则
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Honesty is the basis of friendship. __________
2. We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.
__________
3. She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications（资历）and ideas. __________
4. On the basis of evidence, we concluded that he was guilty. __________
友谊的基础
定期地 / 经常地
由于 / 因为
根据
loan [l n] n. 贷款；借款
on loan 借用；借贷
take out a loan 取得贷款
pay off a loan 还清贷款
______ n.债务，借款
debt
plastic n. 塑料 adj.塑料的
apologize [ p l d a z] vi.道歉；谢罪
owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
apology n.道歉;辩白
apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.
make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
He______________________________________________(他因犯错向她道歉) but she refused his____________(apologise).
apologised to her for making mistakes
apology
apologize [ p l d a z] vi.道歉；谢罪
一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Please ___________________ （接受我的道歉）for having to cancel our meeting.
2. I hope you are going to _________________（道歉）. (apology)
3. I think you should ______________________（向你弟弟道歉）. (apologise)
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。(owe sb an apology)
_________________________________________________________
2. 我再次为我的错误向您致以诚挚的歉意。 (apologise to sb for doing sth)
_________________________________________________________
accept my apology
make an apology
apologise to your brother
You owe him an apology for what you said.
I sincerely apologise again to you for my mistake.
①We would like to ___________ _______ the delay.
②The publishing house must _____________________ the public. (apologize)
③The publishing house must ________________________ the public.(apology)
④We apologize _______ the question is beyond our knowledge base.
⑤You must apologize _______ her _______ having kept her waiting for so long.
apologize for
apologize to
make an apology to
that
to for
巩固练习
ignore [ ɡ n (r)] vt. 忽视；对……不予理会
be ignorant of/about...不知道；不了解；无知
out of ignorance 出于无知
1)无视交通规则 ignore traffic rules
2)不顾个人安危 ignore personal safety
ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的
ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
用ignore的正确形式或介词填空
They fought a long battle against prejudice and __________.
He felt himself very____________.
Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head，but I tried ___________ the pain.
The two boys went into the mountain,　　　　　　(ignore) the danger they might face.
ignorance
ignorant
to ignore
跟踪训练
ignoring
in return 作为回报; 作为回应
in return for
作为对……的回报(交换)
in turn
依次,轮流;相应地,反过来
return sth.to sb./return sb. sth.
归还某人某物
1. She helps me and expects nothing_______________.
2. He gave her some roses ________________ her kindness.
in return for
in return
judge [ ] v. 评价;评判;判断 n. 法官; 审判员; 裁判员
judging by/from根据…判断
as far as I can judge据我判断
make a judgement
n. 判断；审判；判断力
judg(e)ment
v
n
判断
judge
（基本义）
根据所见、所闻、所学“判断”某事物
“判断”大小、数量等
不公正或批评地对某人作出“判断”
“判断”比赛结果
“判断”案件
审判；判决
判断
估计
评价
裁判；评判
裁判员
鉴定人
法官
judge [ ] v. 评价;评判;判断 n. 法官; 审判员; 裁判员
judge [ ] n. 基础; 基准,原则
1. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is a piece of advertisement. _____________
2. I judged him to be about 50. _____________
3. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.（2010 重庆）
_____________
4. I’ve been asked to judge the essay competition. _____________
5. She is a famous judge in court.（2016 上海） _____________
判断
估计
评价
担任裁判
法官
judge [ ] n. 基础; 基准,原则
Don’t judge a book _____ its cover.
2. ___________(judge) from his accent, he must be from the south.
3. Don’t make a __________ (judge) on the newcomers.
Judging
judgement
by
scene [si n] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面;景色
behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后
be/come on the scene 出现，到场，在场
scenic adj. 风景优美的
scenery n.风景
The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.
一场；一个镜头；场景
Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.
(2009 上海)
事发地点；现场
（常用单数）
He photographed a wide range of street scenes.
自然景色
What a shocking scene the military parade is！
情景，场面
He is the funniest comedian on the comedy scene.
活动领域；圈子
narrator / n re t (r) / n. (书、戏剧或电影中的) 叙述者
narrate v.叙述
narration n. 叙述;讲述;解说
bet [bet] vt.&vi. 用…打赌 vt. 敢说,肯定 n. 打赌; 赌注
bet-bet; betting
make a bet with sb. 与某人打个赌
bet on 就…打赌
=make a bet (on )
best bet 最好的办法；最好的措施
(口语) “Are you nervous ” “You bet.”
当然，毫无疑问
servant n. 仆人,用人
_______ v.服务
________ n. 服务
serve
service
serve as 充当，担任(=act as);起作用
as a matter of fact 事实上；其实；说真的
in fact = in effect = in reality
= in truth = actually
by chance=by accident= accidentally 偶然;碰巧
by design=on purpose 故意地;蓄意地
1) Tom broke the vase（花瓶） _______ purpose.
2) She discovered a ring left in her bag _____ accident.
3) The couple first met each other ____ chance not _____ design.
by accident 偶然地;意外地
on
by
by
by
sail vi.&vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行
______ n. 水手；海员；乘船者
sailor
spot [sp t] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹
spot
斑点
污点
粉刺
spot [sp t] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹
spotted-spotted; spotting
be spotted with 用……点缀
spot sb/sth doing sth 看到某人/物正在做……
on the spot=on the scene 在现场;当场
tourist spots 旅游景点
spotted adj. 有斑点的；有污渍的
spotless adj.一尘不染的,毫无瑕疵的
1) He spotted his friends (talk) with someone over there.
2) When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police ___ the spot.
3) Staring at the sky _______ (spot) with stars, he was deep in thought.
4) Just as the car reached the spot she was standing, I pulled her to stay safe.
talking
on
spotted
where
He (spot) his old friend in the crowd at once yesterday.
He spotted his friend ( talk) with someone in the distance.
He answered the question the spot.
Staring at the sky 　　　　　　(spot) with stars,Mary was deep in thought.
spotted
talking
on
跟踪训练
spotted
consulate / k nsj l t / n. 领事馆
dare [de (r)] vi. & modal v.胆敢；敢于
dare (to) do sth. 敢于做 ...
(口语) How dare you!
你怎么敢这样!
dare [de (r)] vi. & modal v.胆敢；敢于
1. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare.（2013 江西） _____________
2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; even so, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. _____________
3. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.（2014 全国）
_____________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. She was so high up now that she __________________________________ （不敢往下看）.
2. ___________________（你竟敢）speak to me like that
激将；挑战
敢
didn’t dare (to) look down / dared not look down
How dare you
激将
sort [s t] n.种类，类别 v.将……分类，整理
a sort of… 一种……
sort/kind of 有几分，有点儿，稍微
all sorts of…… 各种各样的(名词前)
sort out 整理，把……安排好，挑出，解决
sort [s t] n.种类，类别 v.将……分类，整理
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. We both like the same sort of music. _____________ 2. Paper, plastic and cans are sorted for recycling. _____________
3. I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
_____________
4. We saw all sorts of animals in the park. _____________
二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
I’ll never do this sort of thing. (kind / class) _____________
把……分类 / 整理
种类 / 类型
挑出；拣出
各种各样的
kind
mining / ma n / n. 采矿; 采矿业
mine
pron. 我的
n. 矿，矿井；地雷
v. 开矿；埋雷于
miner
n. 矿工
mineral
n. 矿物质
patience [ be s s] n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力
be patient with…对……有耐心
=have/lose patience with…
have little/no patience with... 对……几乎没有/没有耐心
with patience＝patiently 耐心地
patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
impatience n.不耐烦，无耐心
impatient adj. 没有耐心的
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Bob is a little slow in understanding, so I have to be patient _________ him.
2) Success partially depends on whether you have the _________ (patient) to do simple things perfectly.
3) She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while listening _________ (patient), and then printed out the ticket immediately.
4) We became _________ (patient) of the slow progress that was being made.
with
patience
patiently
impatient
跟踪训练
to be honest 实话实说
honest adj. 诚实的；正当的
honesty n. 诚实；正直
dishonest adj. 不诚实的
=honestly speaking
ought to do ... 应该做...
ought v. 应该
be about to do sth...即将或正要(做某事)
be about to do ...when...
正要做某事突然…(未做）
=be on the point of doing...when
Tom正要睡着的时候，门铃响了。
我正要离开的时候，我妈喊住了我。
他们正要出去吃饭的时候，突然下起了大雨。
Tom was about to fall asleep when the bell rang.
I was about to leave when my mom called me.
They were about to go out for dinner when it started to rain heavily.
续写情节转折句
1. Just as he was about __________(leave), the two brothers stopped him and gave him a letter.
2.I was about to copy the homework ______ my English teacher showed up.
to leave
when
跟踪训练
indicate [ nd ke t] vt.&vi.表明；显示；vt.象征；暗示
indication n. 迹象，标示
infer(推断),indicate(象征,暗示)
imply(暗示),suggest(暗示)
阅读推理判断题题干主要包括的动词：
beneath adv./prep. 在....下面
postpone /p sp n/ vt. 延迟; 延期; 延缓
postponement n. 推迟/延迟
delay/put off/postpone doing sth
延迟做某事
1.They've decided to postpone (have) a family for a while.
2.The sports meeting has (postpone) to next week.
3.The storm led to the (postpone)of the project.
4.Let's postpone ________(make) a decision until we have more information.
having
been postponed
postponement
making
巩固练习
odd [ d] adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的;单数的,奇数的
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I left the house wearing two odd shoes and didn’t notice that my bottle of chocolate milk had poured all over the painting in my bag.
（2009 北京） __________
2. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence（便士）, and I am sure they thought he was very generous. __________
3. The odd thing is that we more often show great anger towards someone we are fond of than towards strangers. __________
零钱
不配对的
奇怪的
obligation [ bl ɡe n] n.义务;职责;责任
have an obligation to do... 有责任/义务做
同义词：duty、responsibility
obligated adj. 有义务的，有责任的
oblige v. 迫使，强迫，帮忙，效劳
intention [ bl ɡe n] n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的
with the intention/aim/purpose of 怀着…的目
have intention to do sth./ of doing sth. 有做...的意图
intend doing/to do sth 打算/想要做某事
be intended for/to do ... 旨在......；专为...而设计的
intend sb to do sth. 计划让某人做某事
had intended to do /intended to have done
本打算做....(但实际未做)
intend v. 想要；打算；意欲
intended adj. 计划的;打算的
intention [ bl ɡe n] n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的
巩固练习
①Robert went to London with the 　　　　　(intend) of finding a well-paid job to provide for his family.
②Last Wednesday saw the activity of Elegant Art into Campus,which
　　　　　　(intend) to make elegant art more accessible.
③The book,intended 　　　　　children,is also very popular among adults.
④The visit,　　　　　　 (intend) to strengthen the relationship between the two countries,was a great success.
intention
was intended
for
intended
intention 尤指近期的打算、意图，是正式用语。
She’s full of good intentions but they rarely work out.
plan 通常但不总是指较长远的计划、安排。
There are no plans to build new offices.
purpose 指做某事的原因，含有要成就某事的强烈感觉，较正式。
Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money.
aim 指要达到或尝试达到的目的；即可指某人的目的，也可指某事的目的。
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
析
辨
intention, plan, purpose, aim
nowhere [ n we (r)] adv. 无处；任何地方都不
get/go nowhere 毫无进展;没有结果
in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的）
(1)in case+从句
in case of+n/v-ing
(2)in that case 既然那样
in any case无论如何
in no case决不
as is often the case 情况经常是这样的
case n.情况，事例，盒子
in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的）
练出神 单句填空
①I don’t think it will rain,but I will take my umbrella,just 　　　　case.
②In case 　　　　　　fire,press the red button right now.
③Traffic may be bad,but 　　　any case we’ll be there in time for dinner.
写精彩 完成句子·背诵
④应该给孩子们足够的空间;假使这样的话,他们就会有更多的生活体验。
Enough space should be given to kids;　　　 　　　 　　　,they will get more life experiences.
in
of
in
in this case
extent n.程度；限度；大小；范围
to some extent 在某种程度上
to a large/great extent 在很大程度
opera / pr / n. 歌剧
musical / mju z k( )l/ n. 音乐剧 adj. 音乐的
______________ n. 音乐
______________ n. 音乐家
musician
music
dinosaur / da n s (r)/ n. 恐龙
hug /h ɡ/ vt.＆vi. 拥抱; 抱紧
hugged
hug sb. = give sb. a hug
pursuit n.追求
pursue [p sju ] vt.追求；致力于
on duty 值班;值勤
off duty 下班；不执勤
It’s one’s duty to do sth 做某事是某人的职责
have a duty to do sth 有责任做某事
do one’s duty 尽某人的义务
duty [ dju ti] n.责任;义务;职责;值班
hesitate [ be s s] v.犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at. . . 对……感到犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
hesitation n. 犹豫; 疑虑;不情愿
hesitant adj.犹豫不决的
Please don’t hesitate (contact) me if you have any questions.
Once she decides to do something, she will do it without ________ (hesitate).
He gave me a (hesitate) smile and finally accepted the present (hesitate).
to contact
hesitation
hesitant
hesitantly
sequence v.按顺序排列 n.顺序 (a sequence of ... 一系列)
eventually adv. 最终 = ______________________
tailor n.裁缝 v.定做
clerk n.职员, 店员
finally/at last/at length
v.迎合；使适应
manner [ m n (r)] n.举止；方法；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪
方式；方法
（基本义）
礼貌；礼仪
举止；态度
待人处事的“方式；
方法”
社会公认的社交
“方式”
in a … manner 以一种……的方式
table manners 餐桌礼仪
It is good/bad manners to do…
做……是有/无礼貌的
manner [ m n (r)] n.举止；方法；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪
1. The key to keeping good (manner) online is to be thoughtful.
2. It is a book about the life and (manner) of Victorian London.
3. He greeted me a friendly manner.
4. We would discuss all (manner) of subjects.
manners
in
manners
manner
巩固练习
downstairs / da n ste z/ adv. 顺楼梯而下; 在楼下; 往楼下
aside / sa d/ adv. 到旁边; 在旁边; 留; 存
frown /fra n / n.＆vi. 皱眉
stair n. 楼梯; 梯级
__________ adv. 在楼上
upstairs
Seeing my performance, judges frowned ____ me.
(困惑地/愤怒地) 皱眉
frown with confusion/with anger
at
对...皱眉
have no option but to do 别无选择，只好做某事
optional courses 选修课，选修课程
1) Students have options _______ (study) abroad in their second year.
2) Some courses like English are compulsory, while some are _______(option).
3) I had no option but _______(agree).
to study
optional
to agree
option [ p n] n. 可选择的事物; 选择; 选择权
optional adj. 可自由选择的; 随意的; 选修的
choice/alternative
broad [br d] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的
a broad smile 满面笑容
broaden one’s horizons 开阔某人的视野
broaden v. 使扩大，使变宽
broad [br d] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的
1) board n. 板, 董事会 v.登上(飞机, 船等), 寄宿
2) aboard adv./prep. 在(船, 飞机等)上
3) from/at home and abroad
adv.在国外
1) The airplane crashed into a mountain, killing all members on ______.
2) ___________(broad) my horizon and enrich life, I read books and travel around the world.
3) WuKong, a legendary figure, enjoys great popularity both at home and ________.
board
To broaden
abroad
indeed / n di d/ adv. 其实; 实际上; 当然; 确实
normal [ n ml] adj.典型的;正常的; 一般的 n. 常态
It's normal for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是正常的
abnormal adj. 反常的; 不正常的; 变态的; 畸形的
normally adv. 正常地，通常
normal university 师范大学
willing　adj. 愿意；乐意
adj.不愿意的，不乐意的
n.乐意，意愿
unwilling
willingness
be willing to do sth. 愿意或乐意做某事
巩固练习
①If you are 　　　　　　(will) to fly at night,you can get a much cheaper ticket.
②As long as the motherland needs,I am willing 　　　　　(do) everything for her.
③We were 　　　　　　(willing) to send the cats out,nor were we brave enough to annoy Mum by not listening to her.
willing
to do
unwilling
_________ adj.基本的, 重要的
elemental
element [ el m nt] n.[C] 要素;元素
plot /pl t/ n. 故事情节; 布局; 阴谋
ambassador / m b s d (r) / n. 大使; 使节; 代表
upper-class / p klɑ s/ adj. 上流社会的; 上等阶层的
upper / p (r) /adj.上面的; 上层的; 靠上部的
the upper class 上流社会; 上等阶层
class n.等级；类别；阶层
maintain [me n te n] v. 维持; 保持; 维修; 保养
维持maintain
（基本义）
“维持”抽象事物
“维持”具体事物
保持；维持
维护；保养
坚持认为
“维持”观点
maintain [me n te n] v. 维持; 保持; 维修; 保养
保持平衡
maintain a balance
供养家庭
maintain a family
保持高标准
maintain high standards
maintenance n.维持；保持；维修；保养
permit sb. to do sth.允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth.允许做某事
without permission未经许可
with one’s permission在某人的许可下
weather/time permitting 如果天气/时间允许
permitted
permit vt. &vi. 允许; 准许; 使有可能
permission n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证
permission n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证
v. n. 含义
admit admission 承认, 准许进入
submit submission 提交, 顺从
commit commission 承诺, 犯罪
transmit transmission 传输, 传送
1) Visitors are not __________(permit) to take photographs in museum.
2) Our school doesn’t permit _________(smoke). Please put out your cigarettes.
3) Without 　　　 (permit), no one shall set foot on the mysterious island.
4) We’ll visit Meizhou Island, if time ________(permit).
permitted
smoking
permission
permits
if time/weather permits = time/weather permitting
时间/天气允许的话
1) Time (permit) ,we hope to visit the Bijing .
2) If time__________(permit),we hope to visit the Bijing .
permitting
permits
saying / se / n. 谚语; 格言; 警句
external / k st n( )l/ adj. 外部的; 外面的; 外来的
As the saying goes, 俗话说
internal adj. 内部的
1. ______ n. 基础；根据；基点→____________ n.基础；n.以...为基础→__________adj. 基础的 在某事的基础上________________
2. _________ v.忽视 → ____________adj. 愚昧的；无知的
→____________ n. 无知；愚昧
3. _________ v. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；裁判员
→ ____________ n. 判断，评判
4. _________ n. (书，戏剧或电影情节的)叙述者；讲述者
→_________v.叙述；讲故事→___________n.叙述；解说；讲述
5. _________ n. 仆人；用人 →________ v. 服务，供应（饭菜） →___________ n. 服务
6. _____v. 航海；航行→________n. 水手→________n. 航海
7. _________ v.看见；注意到；发现 ；n.地点；住所；斑点；污迹
→________adj. 有花点的; 有斑点的
8. ______ n. 采矿；采矿业→________ n. 矿山;v. 开采→ ________ n. 矿工
base
basic
ignorant
ignorance
judgment
serve
service
sailor
sailing
mine
miner
on the basis of
spotted
narrate
narration
basis
ignore
judge
narrator
servant
sail
spot
mining
9. ________ n. 耐心→ ________ adj. 有耐心的;n. 病人
→___________ n.不耐烦→ ___________adj. 不耐烦的
10. ________ v.表明；显示→ __________ n.指示；迹象
→ _________adj.有暗示性的
11. ________ n.义务；职责；责任→ ________ v.(使)负有责任
12. ________ n.打算；计划；意图；目的→ ________v.打算
13. ________ adj. 音乐的;n.音乐剧→______ n.音乐→_________n.音乐家
14. ________ n.可选择的事物；选择→ ________adj.可选择的；选修的
15. ________ adj.宽阔的；广阔的→___________ v. 变宽；增长
→ ________adv.宽阔地 扩宽某人的视野_______________________
impatience
impatient
patient
broaden
music
musician
indication
indicative
obligate
intend
optional
broadly
broaden one’s horizen
patience
indicate
obligation
intention
musical
option
broad
16. _________ adj. 正常的 →___________ adv. 通常；正常
→_____________adj.不正常的
17. _________ adj. 愿意的；乐意的→___________ adj. 不乐意的 →___________ n. 意志；遗嘱→ ___________ n.心甘情愿
18.___________ vt.道歉→ _________ n.道歉
19.____________ n.许可，准许，批准→ _________vt.&vi.允许，准许 n.许可证，执照
20.___________vi. 犹豫→ _______________n. 犹豫
normally
abnormal
unwilling
will
willingness
willing
normal
apologize
apology
permission
permit
hesitate
hesitation
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
Words and Expressions
新人教必修三
Unit 5
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