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8A U2 语法复习：比较级数量比较 & as...as 结构
一、语法复习讲义
（一）比较级数量比较
1. 核心用法：区分 “可数名词” 与 “不可数名词” 的数量比较
数量比较围绕 “多少”“数量增减” 展开，需先判断名词是否可数，再选择对应的修饰词及比较级形式，例句贴合单元常见话题（如校园生活、学习、日常活动）。
名词类型 表示“多” 比较级 （更/更多） 表示“少” 比较级 （更少） 示例句子
可数名词（如 students, books, classes） many（许多） more（更多） few（几乎没有，表否定）a few（有一些，表肯定） fewer（更少） 1. I have more books than my deskmate.2. There are fewer students in this class than in that one.3. She made a few friends after joining the club.
不可数名词（如 time, homework, water） much（许多） more（更多） little（几乎没有，表否定）a little（有一些，表肯定） less（更少） 1. The green tea has less sugar than the milk tea.2. He gets less sleep than his classmates.3. There is a little water left in the bottle.
2. 常见结构
两者之间比较：可数名词：主语 + have/has + fewer/more + 可数名词复数 + than + 比较对象不可数名词：主语 + have/has + less/more + 不可数名词 + than + 比较对象例：Today, John has fewer homework tasks than Rhodes, so he has more free time.
三者及以上最高级：可数名词：主语 + have/has + the most/the fewest + 可数名词复数 + among/in...不可数名词：主语 + have/has + the most/the least + 不可数名词 + among/in...例：Minnie bought the fewest tomatoes among us three.
3. 易错提醒
区分 “a few/a little” 与 “few/little”：前者表 “有一些（肯定）”，后者表 “几乎没有（否定）”，如：There is a little milk in the fridge（还有一点牛奶） vs. There is little milk left（没什么牛奶了）。
“more” 可修饰可数 / 不可数名词，“fewer” 仅修饰可数名词，“less” 仅修饰不可数名词，不可混用（如：“更少的水” 是 less water，而非 fewer water）。
（二）as...as 结构
1. 核心用法：表示 “和…… 一样”，强调两者程度 / 数量相等
主要用于比较人或事物的性质、能力、数量等，需注意 “肯定式” 与 “否定式” 的差异，以及中间需接 “原级” 的规则，例句贴合单元话题（如学习能力、事物特征）。
2. 常见结构
句式类型 结构 示例句子
肯定式（和…… 一样） 主语 + be / 实义动词 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 比较对象 1. I cannot run as fast as you.2. His schoolbag is as heavy as hers.3. This storybook is as interesting as that one.
否定式（不如……） 主语 + be / 实义动词 + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 比较对象 1. My brother doesn’t study as carefully as his classmates.2. Learning Chinese may not be as easy as learning French.3. This park is not so big as the city park.
3. 易错提醒
结构中间必须接 “形容词 / 副词原级”，不可接比较级或最高级（如：不能说 “as faster as”，需说 “as fast as”）。
比较对象需一致：若比较的是 “事物”，比较对象需用名词性物主代词避免重复，如 “Her pen is as nice as mine”（而非 “as nice as me”）。
修饰动词时用 “副词原级”，修饰名词时用 “形容词原级”，如：“He writes as carefully as her”（修饰动词 write） vs. “This book is as interesting as that one”（修饰名词 book）。
二、配套练习
（一）基础巩固
1. 单项选择（选择正确的数量比较词或 as...as 结构）
1. There are ______ students in Class 1 than Class 2—Class 1 has 45, Class 2 has 50.
A. more B. fewer C. less D. little
2. My mother spends ______ time on cooking than my father, because she is busier with work.
A. fewer B. more C. less D. much
3. The new library has ______ books than the old one—we can borrow more storybooks now.
A. more B. fewer C. less D. little
4. He doesn’t speak English as ______ as his sister, so he practices speaking every day.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
5. This math problem is not as ______ as that one—I need to ask the teacher for help.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. easily
2. 选词填空（用 many/much/few/little/more/fewer/less 填空）
1. We have ______ homework today than yesterday, so we can watch a movie after finishing it.
2. There are ______ apples in the basket—only three left. We need to buy some tomorrow.
3. He drinks ______ water every day, which is good for his health.
4. There are ______ students in the art club than the music club—20 in art, 35 in music.
5. My grandma has ______ free time than before, because she helps look after my little cousin.
3. 用 as...as 结构改写句子
1. Tom is tall. His brother is tall too.
Tom is ______ ______ ______ his brother.
2. Lucy runs fast. Lily runs fast too.
Lucy runs ______ ______ ______ Lily.
3. This pen is expensive. That pen is expensive too.
This pen is ______ ______ ______ that pen.
4. Mike studies carefully. His deskmate studies carefully too.
Mike studies ______ ______ ______ his deskmate.
5. This park is big. The city park is bigger.（改为否定式）
This park is ______ ______ ______ the city park.
（二）能力提升
1. 短文填空（用比较级数量词或 as...as 结构的适当形式填空，每空一词）
My school life is different from last year. This term, we have ______ (many) subjects than before, but I think they are interesting. In English class, our teacher gives us ______ (little) homework than last term, so we have more time to read English stories.
My deskmate, Lisa, is very hard - working. She doesn’t study as ______ (slow) as me—she always finishes her homework quickly. I have ______ (few) books about science than her, so she often shares her books with me.
After school, we join the sports club. There are ______ (more/less) students in the club this year than last year—over 50 students now. I can’t play basketball as ______ (good) as Lisa, but she teaches me every week. I believe I will get better soon!
2. 句型转换（按要求改写句子，每句包含比较级数量比较或 as...as 结构）
1. Class 3 has 42 students. Class 4 has 38 students.（用 fewer 合并）
_____________________________________________________________________
He spends two hours on English every day. She spends one hour on English every day.（用 more 合并）
_____________________________________________________________________
This red bag is 80 yuan. That blue bag is 80 yuan.（用 as...as 合并）
_____________________________________________________________________
She sings well. Her sister sings better.（用 not as...as 改写）
_____________________________________________________________________
三、练习答案
（一）基础巩固
1. 单项选择：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A
2. 选词填空：1. less 2. few 3. much 4. fewer 5. less
3. 用 as...as 结构改写句子：1. as tall as 2. as fast as 3. as expensive as 4. as carefully as 5. not as big as
（二）能力提升
1. 短文填空：more; less; slowly; fewer; more; well
2. 句型转换（示例）：1. Class 4 has fewer students than Class 3. 2. He spends more time on English than she does. 3. This red bag is as expensive as that blue bag. 4. She doesn’t sing as well as her sister.

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