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7A第一单元知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精炼
一、语法复习清单（按模块分类）
（一）be 动词的用法（核心语法）
1. 基本用法：描述身份、特征、位置或状态
根据主语人称 / 数量选择 am/is/are，具体搭配如下：
主语类型 对应be动词 典型例句
第一人称单数（I） am I am a student of Grade 7. / I am 13 years old.
第三人称单数（he/she/it/ 单数名词） is He is tall and slim. / This book is interesting. / My favourite subject is Maths.
第二人称（you）/ 复数（we/they/ 复数名词） are You are friendly. / We are in the same class. / These flowers are beautiful.
2. 否定句：在 be 动词后加 “not”
I am not good at swimming.
He is not (isn’t) shy.
They are not (aren’t) from the same school.
3. 一般疑问句及回答：be 动词提前至句首
句型 肯定回答 否定回答 例句
Am I... Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. —Am I in Class 3 —Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Is he/she/it/ 单数名词... Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isn’t. —Is she interested in music —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Are you/we/they/ 复数名词... Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren’t. —Are they your classmates —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
（二）实义动词一般现在时（重点：喜好表达与主谓一致）
1. 核心动词：like/enjoy（表达喜好，后接动名词 doing）
基本结构：主语 + like/enjoy + doing sth.
例句：I like reading storybooks. / She enjoys playing the piano.
2. 主谓一致：第三人称单数主语（he/she/it/ 单数名词）后，动词加 “s/es”
主语类型 动词形式 例句
第一 / 二人称 / 复数主语 动词原形 We like sports. / You enjoy drawing.
第三人称单数主语 动词加 “s/es” He likes basketball. / My sister enjoys singing. / This cat likes fish.
（三）名词单复数（基础语法）
1. 规则变化：多数名词变复数加 “s”
例：classmate → classmates；hobby → hobbies（以 “y” 结尾，改 “y” 为 “i” 加 “es”）；book → books
搭配例句：I have many classmates. / She has two hobbies—reading and dancing.
2. 常用单数 / 复数名词辨析
不可数名词（无复数）：hair（头发）、energy（精力）
例：Her hair is long. / He is full of energy.
常用复数名词：glasses（眼镜）、sports（运动）
例：He wears glasses. / They like sports.
（四）形容词的用法（描述特征）
1. 描述外貌 / 性格：直接作表语或定语
作表语（跟在 be 动词后）：She is friendly. / He is helpful.
作定语（修饰名词）：a polite girl / a clever boy
2. 并列与补充：用 “and” 连接并列形容词，“with” 短语补充细节
并列：She is tall and slim. / The classroom is bright and clean.
补充：a girl with long hair / a boy with a round face
二、配套练习
（一）基础巩固
1. 单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。
1. My brother ______ 12 years old. He ______ in Grade 7.
A. is; am B. is; is C. are; is D. am; are
2. —______ your parents teachers
—No, they ______. They are doctors.
A. Are; aren’t B. Is; isn’t C. Are; are D. Is; are
3. Tom ______ playing football. He often plays it after school.
A. like B. likes C. enjoy D. enjoying
4. There are 45 ______ in our class. All of them are friendly.
A. classmate B. classmate’s C. classmates D. classmates’
5. —What ______ your favourite subject
—Maths. It’s interesting.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
6. She ______ good at drawing. She ______ draw beautiful animals.
A. is; can B. are; can C. is; can’t D. are; can’t
7. My sister ______ glasses. She looks cute with them.
A. wear B. wears C. is wear D. is wears
8. —______ is your English teacher
—She is 30 years old.
A. How old B. How C. What D. Where
9. They ______ interested in science. They like Maths better.
A. am not B. isn’t C. aren’t D. don’t
10. This is a ______ girl. She is polite ______ helpful.
A. nice; and B. nice; or C. bad; and D. bad; or
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
1. I ______ (be) Li Hua. I ______ (be) in Class 2, Grade 7.
2. His hobby is reading. He ______ (like) ______ (read) storybooks every evening.
3. There are many ______ (classmate) in our class. We often help each other.
4. My mother ______ (not be) a teacher. She ______ (be) a doctor.
5. Tom and his friends ______ (enjoy) ______ (play) basketball at the weekend.
3. 句型转换（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
1. He is in Class 1, Grade 7.（改为一般疑问句）
______ ______ in Class 1, Grade 7
2. They are good at playing the piano.（改为否定句）
They ______ ______ good at playing the piano.
3. I am 13 years old.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ are you
4. Her favourite subject is Music.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ favourite subject
5. The boy is tall. He has short hair.（用 with 合并为一句）
The boy is tall ______ ______ ______.
（二）能力提升
1. 短文填空（共 10 空，每空 1 分，满分 10 分）
用括号内单词的适当形式或 be 动词填空，每空一词。Hello, everyone! Let me introduce myself. My name ______ (be) Lucy. I ______ (be) 12 years old. I ______ (be) a new student at Sunshine Middle School. I ______ (be) in Class 5, Grade 7.
My deskmate is Lily. She ______ (be) tall ______ slim. She ______ (wear) glasses and ______ (like) ______ (read) English books. We ______ (be) good friends. After school, we often ______ (enjoy) ______ (do) sport together. Our favourite sport is badminton. We think it’s fun.
At the weekend, I usually visit my grandparents. They ______ (be) very kind to me. I ______ (be) happy to spend time with them.
2. 句子改写（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
1. She likes swimming. She likes dancing too.（用 and 合并）
She likes swimming ______ ______.
2. He is a boy. He is clever. He has big eyes.（用 and/with 合并）
He is a ______ boy ______ ______ ______.
3. They are in the same class.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
—______ ______ in the same class
—______, ______ ______.
4. I am interested in art.（用 like 改写同义句）
I ______ ______ art.
5. Tom is not good at Maths.（改为肯定句）
Tom ______ ______ ______ Maths.
三、练习答案
（一）基础巩固
1. 单项选择：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A
2. 词形填空：1.am; am 2.likes; reading 3.classmates 4.isn’t; is 5.enjoy; playing
3. 句型转换：1.Is he 2.are not 3.How old 4.What’s her 5.with short hair
（二）能力提升
1. 短文填空：is; am; am; am; is; and; wears; likes; reading; are; enjoy; doing; are; am
2. 句子改写：1.and dancing 2.clever; with big eyes 3.Are they; Yes; they are 4.like; doing 5.is good at

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