Unit 2 School life 知识点总结 2025-2026学年译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 2 School life 知识点总结 2025-2026学年译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 2 School life
Welcome to the unit
1.Education is our passport to the future.(P20)
future n.将来 adj.将来的(只能做定语)
in the future“在将来”(表达对未来的看法)
in future “今后”(强调与从前对比,指从现在开始)
2.Learn about school life around the world(P20)
全世界 = all over the world
around prep.在.....各地;到处;在....周围;围着
3.Give suggestions on how to improve school life.(P20)
(1)suggestion [C] 建议 give suggestions on sth.对某事提出建议
make a suggestion 提出建议 suggestion box意见箱
suggest v.建议 suggestion doing sth.建议做某事
拓展:advise v.建议,忠告,劝告
advise sb. (not)to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事
advise doing sth.建议做某事
advice [U]建议 a piece of advice一条建议
ask sb. for advice向某人征求建议
give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议
take/follow sb.'s advice 采纳/听从某人的
(2)improve v.改善,提高 improve in....在.....方面有改进
improve oneself自我提升
improvement n.改善
4.Better understand the importance of education(P20)
.....的重要性
(1)importance n.重要性 important adj.重要的 反:unimportant
be of importance = be important
the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性
(2)education n.教育 educate v.教育 educator n.教育者
5.Unusual schools around the world(P21)
unusual adj.特别的;不寻常的
反:usual adj.通常的;寻常的
注意:unusual的读音以元音音素开头,前面有不定冠词时应用an。
usual的读音以辅音音素开头,前面有不定冠词时用a。
6.Children live far away from school(P21)
离.....远,远离
7. Heavy floods happen often(P21)
(1)flood v.泛滥 n.洪水
(2)happen vi.发生;碰巧 sth. happen to sb.某人遭遇某事
sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事
8.Many children of poor families work at train station(P21)
work at在.....工作,致力于 work as担任 work out解决,算出
9.During the rainy season, there’s much more rain in Bangladesh than in many other parts of the world.(P21)
辨析:
during 其后都可跟“一段时间” 强调某事持续一段时间,用during
in a.表示某事发生的具体时间 b.用于将来时
for “数词+时间名词”/some time/a long time 等词组表示时间时,用for
10.With the boat school, children have a chance to learn even when there are floods.(P21)
It’s a chance for us to be creative with our learning.(P25)
chance [C]机会
have a chance to do.... 有做.....的机会(=have a chance of doing....)
It’s a chance for sb. to do sth.对某人而言是做某事的机会
11.What a good way to get the children learning!(P21)
(1)感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈情感的句子。
What 引导的感叹句结构: what+a/an+adj.+[C]单数(+主语+谓语+其他)!
What+adj.+[C]pl. / [U](+主语+谓语+其他)!
How 引导的感叹句结构:How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语+其他)!
(2)a good way to do sth.一个某事的好方法
12.People in the Philippines and Guatemala build this kind of school with used plastic bottles.(P21)
(1)build sth. with......用.....建造某物
(2)used adj.用过的;二手的;习惯于
used to do sth.过去常常做某事 get/be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
use v.& n.使用 use sth. to do ....使用某物做......
be used to do sth.被用来做某事
useful adj.有用的 be useful to sb.对某人有用
(3)plastic adj.塑料的(可作定语修饰名词;也可作表语描述主语的特征)
n.塑料(不可数)
13.This is very cheap and good for the environment.(P21)
cheap adj.便宜的 反:expensive adj.昂贵的
注意:指物品本身“便宜”或“昂贵”时,用cheap或expensive。
表示价格“低”或“高”时,用low或high。
Reading
1.There are many interesting subjects to choose from, such as drama and foreign languages.(P22)
(1)choose v.选择(强调从多个选项里挑选) (choose---chose-----chosen)
短语:choose from......从....中选择 choose to do sth.选择做某事
choose sb./sth. as......把某人/物选为.......
choice n.选择 make a choice做个选择
have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事
(2)such as 例如(+名词/动名词)
for example +句子(用逗号隔开)
(3)foreign adj.外国的;国外的 foreigner n.外国人(=foreign people)
2.To us,learning Chinese may not be as simple as learning French or German, but I am looking forward to having a go.(P22)
(1) as simple as....和....一样简单
形容词/副词同级比较as .....as
肯定形式:A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as +B (A和B一样.....)
否定形式:A+谓语动词+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as +B (A不如B那样.....)
(2)French [U]法语 n.法国人(指总称法国人,常与the搭配使用,表示复数意义;而指某个法国人时,可用Frenchman,复数形式Frenchmen)
adj.法国的;法国人的;法语的
France (专有名词)法国
拓展:其他国家、人民和语言的词汇
Germany(德国)----German(德国人,复数Germans)---German(德语)
Japan(日本)----Japanese(日本人,复数Japanese)----Japanese(日语)
Italy(意大利)---Italian(意大利人,复数Italians)----Italian(意大利语)
America(美国人)---American(美国人,复数Americans)---American English(美式英语)
Russia(俄罗斯)-----Russian(俄罗斯人,复数Russian)-----Russian(俄语)
(3)look forward to 期盼,盼望(+名词/代词/动词-ing)forward adv.向前
(4) have a go尝试,试图(其后常接介词at,加名词或动词-ing形式,构成have a go at sth./doing sth.的结构,意为“尝试做某事”。
(5)go [C] 尝试(相当于by;常用短语have a go, give......a go尝试)
3.Time flies when we are enjoying school!(P22)
when conj. “当.....的时候”,引导时间状语从句
具体用法:a.既可指时间点也可指时间段,其从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的。
b.当主句是一般将来时态时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
4......so our school offers different safety programmes to teach us how to survive in
the face of danger.(P23)
(1)offer vt.提供 offer sth. to sb.=offer sb. sth.给某人提供某物
offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
拓展: provide v.提供
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物
(2)programme n.课程;计划;节目
(3)teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事 teach sb. sth.教某人某事
(4)特殊疑问词+动词不定式,在句中作宾语、主语、表语等。
(5)survive v.幸存 survive on......靠....活下来
survived adj.幸存的
(6)in the face of....面对(问题、困难等)
5.We get plenty of hands-on experience from these programmes.(P23)
实践经验(experience[U]经验;[C]经历)
(1)plenty pron.大量
plenty of大量(+可数名词复数或不可数名词,常用于肯定句,表示数量充足,可以替换a lot of或lots of)
注意:在否定句或疑问句中,一般用much或many。
拓展:a great/good deal of+[U]
a great/good/large amount of+[U](无生命)
a large/good number of+[C] pl.
a large/great quality of+[C]pl. / [U]
(2)hands-on adj.亲自动身的,实习的
6.Our school also pays a lot of attention to food education.(P23)
attention [U]注意,专心,注意力
pay attention to注意(+名词/代词/动词-ing)(=focus on sth.)
pay no/more/much/a little attention不注意/多加注意/稍加注意
7.In this way, we are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet.(P23)
(1)in this way 用这种方法 by the way顺便说一下
on one’s way to sp.在某人去某地的路上 in the way挡路;碍事
on the way在路上,即将到来
(2)aware adj.意识到,知道 be aware of sth./doing sth.意识到某事/做某事
(aware不可用在名词前) be aware that+从句 “知道.....,意识到.....”
(3)healthy adj.健康的(在句中可作定语或表语)反:unhealthy adj.不健康的
health n.健康 healthily adv.健康地
(4)diet n.日常饮食 on diet节食;减肥 balanced diet均衡饮食
8.Every day at school, we clean classrooms, toilets and other school areas carefully by ourselves.(P23)
oneself 反身代词,“......自己”
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
myself ourselves yourself yourselves itself himself herself themselves
我自己 我们自己 你自己 你们自己 它自己 他自己 她自己 他们自己
短语:by oneself单独,独自 (= on one’s own ) enjoy oneself玩得开心
to oneself独占;暗自(不与他人分享) teach oneself自学
for oneself亲自,为自己 think to oneself暗自思忖;暗暗地想
in oneself本身;本质上 help oneself to....请自便(吃/用某物)
9.This helps us develop good habits from an early age.(P23)
养成好习惯 从很小的时候
develop vt.形成;开发(表示逐渐产生或逐步形成)
develop habits/a habit形成习惯
vi.& vt.(使)发展 development n.发展;发育;成长
developed adj.发达的;先进的 developing adj.发展中的
10.I am Chinese, and I go to Donghua Junior High School in Shanghai.(P25)
junior adj.初级的;青少年的 junior high school初级中学
junior students初中生
be junior to....比.....年轻
11.We study lots of interesting subjects at school, such as foreign languages and History.(P25)
lots of大量,许多(= a lot of)
(既可修饰可数名词复数,也可修饰不可数名词,用于肯定句)
12.We get to do all kinds of hands-on activities.(P25)
kind [C]类别,种类 a kind of一种,一类
all kinds of各种类型的;各种各样的
different kinds of不同种类的
many kinds of许多种类的
Grammar
1.Linlin’s school has fewer students in each class than Tomoya’s school.(P26)
(1)辨析:
含义 修饰可数名词复数 修饰不可数名词
否定含义,“几乎没有” few little
肯定含义,“一些,少量” a few a little
(2)辨析:
each 形容词 指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”,侧重个体。
代词 可作主语或宾语,其后可接介词of。
every 形容词 指三者或三者以上范围中的“每一个”,侧重 总体,不能单独使用,其后不可接介词of。
2.Nancy’s school has the least lunchtime.(P26)
least (限定词/代词)最少的
(副词),最少
at least至少 反:at most
3.Tomoya studies the most subjects among the three of us.(P26)
among 在...中 一般指在三者 或以上之中 宾语可以是可数名词复数或表示复数概念的代词,也可以是复合名词
between 在...之间 一般指在两者之间 宾语常是表示两者的名词或代词。 between.....and....在...和...之间
4.Our school are as good as each other, because the students at both schools learn a lot in their lessons.(P27)
both adj.两个,两个都(修饰名词时,名词应用复数形式)
pron.两个,两个都(位于be/情态动词之后,行为动词之前)
both of+复数人称代词的宾格或复数名词 “....两者都”
(作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式)
5.比较事物的数量主要使用以下结构:
(1)两者比较: more+可数名词复数或不可数名词+than.....“比....多”
fewer+可数名词复数+than....“比....少”
less+不可数名词+than....“比....少”
(2)三者或以上比较: the most+可数名词复数或不可数名词 “最多”
the fewest+可数名词复数 “最少”
the least+不可数名词“最少”
as....as 的用法
“和.....一样.....”,属同级比较,表示两种事物或情况在程度、数量、质量等方面相同或相似。其中第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词,第二个as是连词,后接比较的对象。
(1)肯定结构:....as+形容词/副词原级+as..... “...和....一样....”。
(2)否定结构:...not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as..... “...不如....”
(=...形容词/副词比较级+than....)
(3)修饰成分:若需修饰成分,如twice,three times,half, a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前:Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.
(4)常见的固定搭配: as....as usual/before像往常一样....
as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌
as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易
as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻
as often as we do像我们一样经常
注意:当我们对两个对象进行比较时,要注意被比较的双方必须是同类事物。
Word power
1.This summer, I’m planning a vacation to Spain, so I can practice my Spanish. (P28)
vacation n.假期,度假(美式英语)(英式英语中用holiday)
短语:on vacation在度假
go on vacation去度假
take/have a vacation休假
summer/winter vacation暑/寒假
2.后缀-ish、-ian、-ese、-n添加到名词后,构成形容词或新名词。它们常用于将国家名称(名词)转化为国籍(形容词)和语言(名词)。
Canada-------Canadian加拿大(人)的
China----Chinese中国(人)的;汉语
Hungary---Hungarian匈牙利(人)的;匈牙利语
America----American美国(人)的;美式英语
India----Indian印度(人)的
Vietnam------Vietnamese越南(人)的;越南语
Sweden----Swedish瑞典(人)的;瑞典语
Spain----Spanish西班牙(人)的;西班牙语
Integration
1.Our classes are not as big as the ones here......(P29)
辨析:
one 表泛指,代指前面提到过的同类人或事物中的一个。one代指可数名词单数,复数ones。 口诀:同名同物it替,可不可数两相宜;同类事物用one(s),单数one来复用ones;that同类物相异,代替不可数也可以。
that 表特指,与所指名词同类,但不是同一个;可代替上文提到的事物,也可代替不可数名词。
it 用于指代前文提到过的同一事物。
2.So, they spend more time with their classmates and get to know each other better,but we get to know more students.(P28)
(1)get to know认识,了解
get to know sb./sth.认识/了解某人/某物
(2)each other相互,彼此(常在句中作宾语,相当于one another。)
3.We often need to borrow books from the library or search online to finish our homework.(P29)
(1)need to do sth.需要做某事
(2) 辨析:
borrow 借进(借入) 非延续性动词 强调主语从别人那里把东西借来 borrow.....from......从.....借某物
lend 借给(借出) 非延续性动词 强调主语把自己的东西借出去 lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
keep 保存(借用) 延续性动词 可与一段时间连用
(3)search vi.搜索,查找 search for=look for搜寻;寻找(宾语是寻找的物/人)
vt.搜索;查找 search sb.对某人搜身 search....for.....搜查....找.....
search some place对某地进行搜查
n.寻找;搜索;搜查 in search of寻找
(4)finish vt.完成(其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语)
finish doing sth.做完某事
vi.完成,做好
4.One hour and a half(P29)
一个半小时
“....半.....”两种表达:
a.基数词+名词+and a half(名词随基数词进行变化)
eg.两个半月 two months and a half
b.基数词+and a half+可数名词复数 eg.一个半小时one and a half hours
5.Sometimes in the classroom (P29)
辨析:
sometimes 频度副词 有时 表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,它可位于句首、句中或句末,对它提问用how often。
some times 名词短语 几次;几倍 其中time是可数名词,意为“次,倍”,对some times提问用how many times。
sometime 副词 某个时候 表示某个不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它提问用when。
some time 名词短语 一段时间 句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。
6.Toby gets to watch movies during lunchtime.(P30)
movie [C]电影(美式英语)(英式英语:film)
see/watch movies/a movie看电影
7.We talked about the differences in lunchtime between our two schools.(P30)
difference n.差异,不同(之处)make a difference有影响,很重要
different adj.不同的;有差异的 be different from......与.....不同
be quite different from....与....完全不同 反: the same as.....与....相同
8.......and I love practising with my partner to win matches.(P31)
(1)love doing sth.喜欢/喜爱做某事
(2)match n.比赛 final match决赛 boxing match拳击比赛
n.火柴
vt. & vi.般配,相配(相当于go with )
A matches B A 与B相配
match...well“与...很相配”(相当于 go well with)
9.What about you,Millie (P31)
What about..... (=How about..... ) 用来向对方询问情况或征求意见。
(what/how about +n./pron./v-ing )
10.My days are never boring with so many friends.(P31)
辨析:
boring 无趣的;令人厌烦的;单调的 可作表语或定语,多用于 说明或修饰事物
bored 厌倦的;烦闷的;感到无聊的 常作表语,多用于说明人的感受
拓展:以-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰或描述事物;以-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰或描述人。这类形容词还有:interesting/interested, exciting/excited, surprising/surprised,amazing/amazed等。
11.Sunshine Middle School has asked each student to write a suggestion letter on how to improve school life for students.(P31 D)
suggestion [C]建议 make a suggestion提出建议
suggest vt.建议;提议 suggest sth.(to sb.)(向某人)提出/建议某事
suggest doing sth.建议做某事
suggest +that引导的宾语从句 “建议....”
从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”
12.The number of lessons in one day(P31)
辨析:
the number of .....的数量 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 两者后均可跟可数名词复数形式。
a number of 许多(=many) 作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
13.I am writing to make some suggestions on how to improve some parts of our school life.(P32) 就....提出一些建议
improve v.改进;改善 improve in sth.在某方面好转
14.First, I would like to suggest that our school should provide more ping-pong tables, so more students can play ping-pong during breaks.(P32)
(1)would like to do sth.想做某事(=want to do sth.)
(2)provide vt.提供 provide sth. for sb.=provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物
15.Moreover, we need more computers in the library so that it is easy for us to search online.(P32)
“so that”通常用于引导目的状语从句,表示“为了.....”或 “以便.....”。
“so.....that”用于引导结果状语从句,表示 “如此....以至于.....”。其中so后面接形容词或副词,that后面接结果从句。

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