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2020-2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语七选五
命题细目表
试卷 名称 体裁 话题 语篇结构 与字数 题号 和设空 考点 原文
2020年新高考Ⅰ卷（山东卷） 说明文 人与自我——介绍了成为一名优秀的演讲者所要掌握的四个原则 总分 240+77 16 段中 转折对比关系。关联词however体现转折逻辑，the majority of people与前文Some individuals形成对比，effective speakers与前文a gift for public speaking相关联，说明不同人群成为演讲者的不同途径。 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 16 Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master. G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be..
17 段中 转折对比关系。前文说很多人演讲时过于关注“公众”而“讲”，17后提要关注讲，表明17题应该是转折关系，the opposite指代反义，形成转折对比关系。 ...Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 17 Focus on the speaking...... A. Do the opposite.
18 段末 解释关系。前文提到演讲出错时除非是严重错误否则不要停止演讲，18题进一步说明对于小失误不需要道歉，是对前文观点的解释。a minor slip对应前文a mistake,同义复现。 Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. ...So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 18 C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
19 段中 顺承关系。前文说演讲目标不是成为完美演讲者，19题接着指出目标是成为有效的演讲者，是对演讲目标的进一步明确。后文紧接and,表明19题与后文表顺承关系。选项“You want to be an effective public speaker”与前文“Your goal”相呼应，进一步阐述演讲目标的具体内容 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 19 And like everything else in life, that takes practice..... B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
20 段首 总分关系。该句为段落主旨句，总述演讲时少往往更好，后文通过人们对演讲时长的不同感受来举例说明这一观点。 20 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” ..... Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated... D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
2020年新高考II卷（海南卷） 说明文 人与自我——介绍如何与医生进行有效沟通的方法和建议 总分 228+77 16 段末 总结关系，总结上文，引出下文进行分述，起承上启下作用。开篇强调和医生交流的重要性后，16题引出下面具体的与医生交流的建议。 Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care...... 16 B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
17 段中 解释说明关系。前文提到去看医生要保持好态度，17题进一步解释为什么要保持好态度，即医生和其他医护人员是站在患者这边的，所以要以积极的团队合作心态对待。选项“your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.” 解释了“Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude” 的原因，“your doctor and other caregivers”与前文“your doctor”相关联，从人员角度进一步说明保持好态度的依据。 ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude. 17 Think teamwork! Think positive! E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
18 段首 解释说明关系。该段主题是记录自身感受，18题说明在看医生前记录感受的好处，是对该段主题的具体解释。选项中的“keep notes on how you are feeling”与段落主题“Keep track of how you are feeling”紧密相关，“keep notes”是“keep track”的具体方式，进一步阐述了如何做好记录以及记录的时机。 ●Keep track of how you are feeling. 18 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel...... D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
19 段首（小标题） 段落主旨句，引出段落主题。该空是一个小标题，引出下面关于提供医疗史和告知过敏药物等相关内容的阐述。选项中的“medical history”和“a list of current medicine”与原文出现原词。 ● 19 Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. ...... F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
20 段中 因果关系。前文说把问题写下来带到看医生时，20题说明这样做的结果是更容易获得答案。选项中代词“This” 指代前文“write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment”这一行为，通过代词体现逻辑上的因果关联. ●Ask questions. ......To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. 20 .... A. This will make getting answers easier.
2021年新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我——作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住感受 总分256+76 36 段中 因果关系。根据下文的关联词so,可推断需要表示原因的句子。前文说作者夫妇在巴黎待了一周，36题解释他们这样做的目的是想体验像真正巴黎人一样的生活，为后文租公寓等行为做铺垫。选项中“Our aim”表明是对前文行为目的的阐述。 My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. ..... F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
37 段中 并列补充关系。前文提到公寓水管正常工作，37题继续补充公寓其他好的方面，如厨房和床。“a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed”和前文“the plumbing worked”都是在介绍公寓的设施状况，属于并列的描述内容。 The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French...... C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
38 段中 解释说明关系。前文说巴黎人吃美食还不长胖，38题解释这一现象的原因，即食物太美味，不需要吃很多就能让人满足，二者存在因果解释的逻辑关系。同畴词衔接。前文出现“great food”，38题中的“delicious”“food”与之属于同畴词，保持了话题的一致性。以及后文提到“French strawberries”来说明食物的美味，38题中The food is so delicious”为后面具体举例提供了总括性的表述，二者在句间形成总分关系，共同说明法国食物的美味特点。 ......As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
39 段首 递进关系。39题设置在段首句，不仅需要承接上一段的主要内容吃得少的原因，同时还要引出少吃的另一个原因。在逻辑上既承接了前文关于巴黎人饮食特点的讨论，又进一步拓展话题。 39 On our first morning in Paris, ......My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
40 段中 递进关系。前文说法国咖啡馆总是很拥挤，40题进一步指出并非所有顾客都是游客，在内容上有递进逻辑。“Not all the customers are tourists”在“French cafés are always crowded”的基础上进一步说明咖啡馆顾客的构成情况，引发对法国人工作时间的疑问，与后文关于法国人工作时长的描述相呼应。 In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. 40 When do these people work ... A.Not all the customers are tourists.
2021年新高考II卷 说明文 人与自我——提高阅读速度的技巧 总分 244+51 36 段末 总领下文。前文强调了学习中提高阅读速度的好处，36 题引出下文具体的提高阅读速度的建议。“Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed” 直接表明下文将介绍相关技巧，起到了承上启下的作用，引出后续各条具体建议。 ......But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 36 D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
37 段末 补充说明关系。前文提到阅读前要确保舒适，包括合适的座位和书籍与眼睛的距离，37题进一步补充保持房间凉爽以避免困倦，是对创造舒适阅读环境的进一步说明。“Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy”与前文“make sure that you are comfortable”相呼应，从房间温度方面对舒适阅读环境进行补充，“comfortable”和“avoid feeling sleppy”相关联。 Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 37 ______ G Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
38 段首 段落主旨句，位于句首。该句是一个建议，引导读者在阅读前花几分钟浏览书籍，下文具体说明了浏览的内容及这样做的好处。 38 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to......Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
39 段中 解释关系。前文说要根据情况决定每次的阅读量，39题解释这取决于所读书籍的类型，后文通过对比历史书和科学书进一步说明了不同类型书籍阅读量的差异。“This”指代前文“decide how much you can read at a time”，明确了两者之间的因果关系，“the type of book”与后文提到的“history book”和“one dealing with scientific subjects”相呼应，解释了决定阅读量的依据。 If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 39 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects...... C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
40 段中 解释关系。前文提到阅读时要备有纸和笔，40题说明这样做是为了记录重要页面等内容，是对准备纸笔用途的解释。“Make a note”与“keep a pencil and paper”在功能上形成对应，解释了工具与行为的关联。 Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 40 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research...... E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
2022年新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会——如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴 总分250+69 36 段中 并列关系。前文提到健身伙伴能让人更愿意去健身房，36 题补充另一个好处，即和他人一起训练会更努力。“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else”与前文“One reason was:.....someone is waiting for you at the gym,’”在结构和语义上并列，都是阐述健身伙伴带来的积极影响，“train with someone else”与“workout partner” 相呼应。 Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ 36 ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort ...... C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
37 段中 选择关系。“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport ”与后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility ”形成选择关系，“Do you want”的提问方式与前文“decide what you want from that person”相呼应。 First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility ...... D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
38 段中 补充说明。前文说在社交媒体发布找健身伙伴的信息可能没用，38题补充应考虑健身伙伴的居住距离这一实际因素，进一步说明寻找健身伙伴的注意事项。 You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
39 段末 总结关系。39题位于段末，总结整段大意。前文举例说明如何发布寻找健身伙伴的信息，39题总结指出任何此类信息都应包含类似内容。选项中的“such information”指代前文例子中提到的训练内容、时间、年龄、喜爱的运动和联系方式等，“Any notice ”与前文“posted her request on the notice board”相呼应。 ... Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39 G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
40 段中 递进关系。前文提到双方技能不同，40题针对这种情况提出要接受差异并学会合作的建议。选项中的 “your differences”与前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills”相呼应，“work with each other” 与后文“help each other”语义相关。 You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 .... F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
2022年新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与自我——写文章的技巧 总分 233+67 36 段首 段落主旨句，位于段首，概括本段大意，并引出下文。选项中的 “First of all”表明是第一种技巧，与下段开头的 “ the next technique”、“The third technique”相呼应，“nonstop writing”与下文描述的“write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper”相呼应。 36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. D. First of all, lean the technique of nonstop writing.
37 段中 解释说明。前文说写作时要放松自由，37题进一步解释在写作过程中让笔跟随思绪流淌，体现放松自由的状态。37题是对前文 “Stay loose and free”的具体解释，“pen”与前文写作的动作相呼应，形象地说明了写作时应有的状态。 ......Stay loose and free. 37 Don't worry about grammar or spelling......it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
38 段中 转折对比关系。前文说写初稿要不追求完美，后文通过yet转折强调不追求完美的好处，由此可推断38题。“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time”与前文“write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect”形成对比，“drafts”保持话题一致。 The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled（弄皱）paper...... E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
39 段中 因果关系。因为很多新手作者不留足够的修改空间，所以需要打印三倍行距的副本。根据下文“as a result”表结果，可推断39题为原因，“Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise” 与前文 “try printing out a triple - spaced copy to allow space for revision”形成因果联系，“don't leave enough space to revise”解释了打印三倍行距副本的原因。 The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced（三倍行距）copy to allow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks（大块）of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. F. Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise.
40 段中 顺承关系。前文说修改乱了后可录入修改内容，40题接着说可以再打印一份新的三倍行距稿，是操作步骤的顺承。选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple - space”中的“Then”表示顺承关系，“print out a fresh draft” 和前文“enter your changes into your word processor” 在操作流程上紧密相连，“triple - space”与前文一致，保持话题连贯性 After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
2023年浙江1月卷 说明文 人与社会——使火车旅行变得舒适愉快的指导和建议 总分 285+83 36 段中 递进关系。前文提到长途列车尤其是卧铺很容易售罄，36 题进一步说明在繁忙的夏季这种情况更为突出，是对前文内容的递进强调。选项中的“That”指代前文“Most long - distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly”这一情况。 Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. 36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
37 段中 因果关系。前文说旅行社能帮忙找折扣票，37题进一步说明找旅行社的好处，与下文不用每天三次在行驶的列车上穿过几节车厢去用餐，前后存在因果联系。选项中的“He”指代前文的“a travel agent”，“also”表示在找折扣票之外的另一个好处，“next to the diner”与后文“won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals”相呼应。 Use a travel agent. ...... A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
38 段中 解释关系。前文说坐火车即使是过夜也不会免费提供毛毯，38题解释需要带毛毯的原因。“rail cars”与前 “riding on trains”相呼应，“temperature”和后文提到的夏天冷的情况相联系，说明了毛毯的必要性。 Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
39 段中 解释关系。前文强调错过火车可能是灾难，39题具体解释原因。“You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one”是对前文“missing yours can be a disaster”的具体解释，“wait longer than 24 hours”突出了误车后果的严重性，与前文形成逻辑上的解释关系。 Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 39 ....... E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
40 段中 举例说明。前文说要享受旅行，40题列举了在火车上可以进行的一些娱乐活动，对享受旅行的具体举例。“Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window”具体展示了如何在火车上玩得开心，与前文 “Have fun”相呼应，通过具体的活动举例来解释如何享受火车旅行。 Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts)...... A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我——鼓励人们练习自我宽恕及如何通过写作练习来增强自信 总分239+75 36 段中 递进关系。前文提到犯错后不要过分自责，36题进一步强调自我宽恕也很重要，是对前文观点的递进。选项中的 “just as important” 表明与前文观点的紧密联系，“show yourself some forgiveness”直接点明自我宽恕这一核心观点，与文章主题呼应。 Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
37 段中 承接关系。前文说在纸上写“个人优点”的标题，37题接着说明要列出自己喜欢的个性特点，是对写 “个人优点” 这一动作的具体承接。选项中的“Now”体现承接关系。选项中“characteristics”与前文“strengths”构成同义词复现。选项中的“all”是总结前文提到的种种特点。 In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around ...... B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
38 段末 总结关系。38位于段末，前文列举了一些善举的例子，38题强调无论善举多小都要记录下来，是对列举善举这一行为的强调。“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down” 中的 “Whatever it is” 指代前文提到的各种善举，“write it down”与前文在纸上记录的行为相呼应，进一步突出记录善举的要求。 At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38 F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
39 段中 推测与拓展。前文说可以请朋友或家人帮忙补充清单，39 题推测他们可能也想尝试这个练习，进一步拓展了请他人参与的可能性。选项中的“They”指代前文的“a friend or family member”，“have a go at doing the exercise”与前文介绍的写作练习相呼应，体现了逻辑上的连贯。 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through...... C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
40 段中 解释关系。前文说人们能从错误中学习是真的，40题进一步解释错误不是个性中固定不变的方面，说明错误对个人成长的积极意义，是对前文观点的解释。选项中的 “Whatever the mistake”承接前文提到的从错误中学习，“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”解释了错误与个人发展的关系，进一步阐述了错误的积极作用。 It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but from their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
2023年新高考II卷 说明文 人与自我——一些开始艺术之旅的好建议 总分总257+57 36 段中 补充关系。前文提到用素描本进行小创作，36题补充不要丢弃初学者时期的作品，因为可以回顾自己的成长历程，是对“Start small”这一建议的进一步说明。“Don’t throw away your beginner art”与前文“using a sketchbook for small studies”相呼应，“beginner art”指代用素描本创作的小作品，“look back on your journey”解释了保留这些作品的原因。 ● Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 36 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
37 段末 解释关系。前文强调要经常写生，37题解释经常写生的好处，即能培养绘画的肌肉记忆，是对“Paint often and paint from life”的进一步解释。选项中的 “repetition”对应前文“paint often”，“painting muscle memory”解释了经常写生带来的效果，说明经常写生的意义。 ● Paint often and paint from life......Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 37 G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
38 段中 解释关系。前文说要不断挑战自己尝试新事物，38题进一步解释挑战自己意味着要走出舒适区，且艺术成长可能会痛苦，是对“Continually challenge yourself to try something new”的具体解释。“Get out of your comfort zone” 是对 “challenge yourself”的具体阐述，“Artistic growth can be a bit painful”进一步说明挑战自我时会面临的情况，与前文 “try something new”相呼应。 ● Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 38 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. A. Get out of your comfort zone.
39 段首 段落主旨句，位于段首，总结本段主旨大意。该段主要讲述寻求和接受建设性反馈对成长至关重要，且作者分享自己在社交媒体分享作品获得反馈的经历，选项中的“Share your work”与后文“post my work on social media”相呼应，“ feel comfortable”与下文“feel valued and respected”相呼应。 ● 39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
40 段中 递进关系。前文说艺术之旅并非直线发展，40题指出会遇到障碍和感到沮丧，对前一句非直线发展的进一步阐述。 The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
2024年浙江1月卷 说明文 人与自我——在线学习的利弊及应对策略 问题-解决型257+85 36 段中 顺承关系，对前文的进一步阐述。同畴词，选项中college students，online courses与前文的university and college experience，online learning 属于同畴词，在语义上相互关联。 ...online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. 36 But are all online courses created equal G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
37 段中 问题-回答关系,前文提出两个问题，37题进一步提出一个问题，后文来回答这个问题。词汇衔接关系：同义复现。online courses与前文多次出现的online learning，online courses同义复现，保持话题的一致性。 How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you 37 We interviewed ...online courses. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
38 段中 转折对比关系，与前文形成转折对比。转折词but体现转折关系；fall behind schedule与前文 anywhere and anytime形成对比，说明即使有灵活性也可能出现学习进度问题。 The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 38 “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” .... A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
39 段中 解释例证关系，39题通过例子来解释，例证前文观点。代词he用来指代选项人物 Professor Alex Davidson The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. 39 He noted that his online students ... D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
40 段首 段落主旨句，概括总结整段大意。lack human interaction概括了后文提到的社交联系缺乏的问题，与后文的 social connection,study group, meetings with your professor等形成呼应。 40 A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. ... You can also find students ...organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor .... E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
2024年新高考Ⅰ卷 夹叙夹议文 人与自我——作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。 总分257+61 36 段中 解释关系,对前文内容的具体说明。同义复现,“good grammar and no spelling mistakes”是对“a perfect, professionally presented manuscript”中关于拼写和语法方面的具体阐释，属于同义复现的衔接方式。 ...If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript. 36 ..... F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
37 段中 因果关系,对前文解释原因。代词“it”指代 “laptop’s spellchecker”，通过代词实现衔接。通过代词实现衔接，同时 “takes no account of the context” 解释了不信赖的原因，与前文形成逻辑关联。 I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus.I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 ......but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. ... B. It takes no account of the context.
38 段首 段落主旨句，总分关系，总结前文大意，并引出下文。 “a dictionary”与前文提到的词典形成同义复现，明确该段围绕词典展开说明。 38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
39 段中 转折关系。前文介绍该词典词汇丰富，39题话锋一转，说明自己不常使用这本词典，接着又说在某些情况下很有用，形成转折关系。与上下文形成转折对比关系。选项中”this dictionary”指代前面提到的 “an old two - volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary”，通过代词实现词汇衔接。 ...It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
40 段中 转折关系。选项中的“But”体现转折逻辑关系，“a dictionary”与前文多次提到的词典形成同义复现，保持话题的一致性。 ...“To make dictionaries is dull work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
2024年新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会——针对过度旅游问题，给出了应对建议 总分总253+52 36 段中 转折对比关系，前文提到要提交完美、专业呈现的原稿，36题进一步解释完美原稿意味着语法正确且无拼写错误，是对前文内容的具体说明。“good grammar and no spelling mistakes”是“a perfect, professionally presented manuscript”中关于拼写和语法方面的具体阐释，属于同义复现的衔接方式。 Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 36 Certainly not. ..... B. So, should we stop traveling
37 段末 解释例证关系，前文说要在风景、文化或美食真正吸引自己时才去某个地方旅游，37题进一步说明这样做其实就是为自己而旅游，是对前文观点的具体解释。 Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 37 C. Travel for you and no one else.
38 段中 顺承关系，38题是对前文的进一步说明。选项中relatively undiscovered places与原文less - visited options是同义复现。 ...it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 38 ...... E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
39 段首 段落主旨句，总分关系，39题是对本段大意的总结，下面的内容对此进行具体阐述，和39题形成总分关系。上下义词，off -peak times是对后文skipping major holidays or rush hour的概括，前后形成上下义词的衔接关系。 39 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. A. Visit during off-peak times.
40 段中 递进关系，前文说要尽力保护旅游目的地的特色，40题进一步建议回馈所访问的社区，程度上有所递进，且后面提到会让人与当地人更亲近，是进一步的结果说明。 Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege（荣幸）. Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. · 40 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
2025年浙江1月卷 说明文 人与社会——针对沟通中存在的问题，给出一系列解决办法 总分总263+58 36 段中 解释关系，36题是对前文观点的具体阐释，与下文be clear and brief形成解释性的衔接。“the message doesn’t come across clearly”是对 “trying to do too much” 这种错误行为后果的具体描述，前后语义相关，形成解释性的衔接。 One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 36 ....Being clear and brief .... is a high-level communication skill. C. The best messages are often simple.
37 段中 解释例证关系，37题是对前文观点的进一步说明。近义词衔接，what matters to them与their interests语义相近，通过近义词的形式实现词汇衔接，进一步阐述相关内容。 ...Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 37 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. D. Speak directly to what matters to them.
38 段中 转折对比关系，38题与后文，形成转折对比。通过后文连词however可知，与后文意义相反。选项中you already know what you’re going to say与后文they’re hearing it for the first time形成对比。 Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
39 段首（小标题） 段落主旨句，该部分为小标题，与下文形成属于总分关系。选项中Get the audience involved概括了后文的具体行为，通过标题与内容的呼应实现衔接。选项中的audience与下文出现原词重合。 39 .....Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. B. Get the audience involved.
40 段末 递进关系，选项中It指代上文中的Written communication，通过代词实现衔接，also体现了语义上的递进关系，进一步说明书面沟通的好处。 If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 40 Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to
2020年山东、海南两省联考 说明文 人与社会——酒店叫醒服务从传统方式到个性化服务的转变 总分总 208+67 36 段末 顺承关系，36题顺着原话题，进一步说明。选项中they指代前文提到的“an actual human being”，通过代词保持指代的一致性，“might bring you coffee”是对前面内容的进一步补充。 ...They'll send an actual human being to your room.Don't worry.They won't come in and give you a good morning kiss. 36 A.But they might bring you coffee.
37 段中 总结关系，前文说如今多数旅行者手机有内置闹钟，37题转折指出酒店叫醒服务仍有必要。根据下文展开的例子可知，37题总结了下文。 Never mind that most travelers nowadays have smart phones with built-in alarm clocks 37 Here are some examples. At Wolcott Hotel,if a wake-up call is unanswered,they will send an employee to your door... F.The human wake-up call is a way to personalize a guest's stay.
38 段末 解释关系，前文列举了不同的例子，38题是对前面例子的补充说明。 Here are some examples. At Wolcott Hotel,if a wake-up call is unanswered,they will send an employee to your door.At Mandarin Oriental,a person rather than an automated system will call to wake you up. 38___ B.If you don't answer,you'll get a wake-up knock.
39 段中 举例说明，选项中 “for instance”表明对前文 “Hotels have always taken the wake-up call seriously.” 的举例，进一步补充说明。 Hotels have always taken the wake-up call seriously. 39 _If you don't get your call within five minutes of the requested time,you won't have to pay for your room.Travelers,too,still want to have an option of a wake-up call.A study of 285 guests at Crowne Plaza found that 53%considered a wake-up call very important. C.Crowne Plaza,for instance, has a wake-up call guarantee.
40 段首 段落主旨句，“over the years”与后文“in the 1980s, then, now, will”构成时间线。 40 In the late 1980s,...Then all you'd ...however,many hotels are now getting creative with the wake-up call.... And more hotels will go back to the old in-person system of wake-up calls. D.But the wake-up call became less personal over the years.
2021年八省联考 说明文 人与自我——语言学习类受欢迎的原因以及如何正确使用这些App来进行有效的语言学习，重点在于给出下载和使用App的建议 总分224+60 36 段中 转折关系，36题前后内容含对比关系，选项中的“However”体现转折逻辑，“them”指代前文提到的“Apps”，保持话题的连贯性。 ....They can help you out in just about every area of your life,whether it's keeping fit, communicating with friends,or even learning a language. 36 _Here's what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning. G.However,you need to know how to use them properly to really benefit.
37 段末 类比推理，与前文同疑问句式。“so”承接上文的类比逻辑，new language”与前文“mastering a foreign language”相呼应，通过语义关联实现衔接。 Any seasoned language learner will tell you that the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you.This is a world of diverse sources of information,from newspapers and books to TV,radio,music and even real people.Would you limit yourself to one medium in your native language __ 37_ E.Probably not,so why you do so in your new language
38 段中 解释关系，38 题对前文内容的进一步解释；选项中词汇The best apps与前文“good app”同义复现，“adapt themselves based upon your behavior”是对“help you fit your studies around your timetable”的进一步说明，体现了解释性的衔接。 ...The good apps are designed to help you fit your studies around your timetable __38__... F.The best apps adapt themselves based upon your behavior.
39 段首 对比关系，选项中“No, I don't mean...”直接澄清前文“social”的含义，并与下文“I mean..”进行澄清证明，通过这种明确的解释实现语义衔接。 ●Make it social __39____I mean socializing in real life.I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian to the support from Jim,my partner in study time.Find a friend to accompany you.Take an evening class.Borrow a book..... C.No,I don't mean posting your progress online.
40 段末 总结关系，“it”指代前文“the combination of an app, a language school, Jim, evenings out, and a book or two of choice”，通过代词实现指代衔接“recommend”表明作者的推荐态度，完成总结性的表达。 If I may speak sincerely,the combination of an app,a language school,Jim,evenings out,and a book or two of choice proved extremely effective.___40____ A.I recommend it.
2023年四省联考 说明文 人与自然——过度捕捞对深海鱼的影响及应对措施 问题-解决型 225+73 36 段中 因果关系，前文提到渔业转向深海捕鱼，36题说明这一行为导致许多被捕捞物种数量急剧下降的结果。“This”指代前文渔业转向深海捕鱼这一行为，“resulted in”体现因果逻辑，“a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught”与前文“a very serious decline”相呼应。 There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing.People still want to eat fish,so the fishing industry must look at other sources,especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. 36 G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
37 段中 递进关系，37题进一步说明，程度上有所递进。“them”指代前文提到的深海鱼物种，“in the category of 'critically endangered”是对前文鱼类数量大幅下降状况的进一步强调和归类。 Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive.Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 37 ..... D.This puts them in the category of"critically endangered".
38 段中 因果关系，前文提到深海鱼繁殖时间长且寿命长，38题说明其繁殖率很低这一结果，解释了为什么在短时间内数量会大幅下降。“Unfortunately”表示转折和遗憾的语气，“their”指代前文，进一步说明和结果阐述. The problem is emphasised by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. 38 The average size of such fish also declined,with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size.... C.Unfortunately,their reproduction rate is very low.
39 段首 段落主旨句，总结整段大意，39题总结指出渔业没有考虑这些事实，导致过度捕捞。“None of these facts”指代前文提到的深海鱼繁殖时间长、繁殖率低、数量下降快等事实，“has been taken into account by the fishing industry”与前文渔业的捕捞行为形成关联，解释了过度捕捞的原因。 39 The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding fish like sardine and herring.... E.None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry
40 段中 递进关系。40题对上文内容进一步阐述，“rely on fish for protein”进一步说明了鱼类的重要性，与前文渔业对人们生计的影响相呼应，在内容上进行了递进。“billions of people”是对 “millions of people”的递进。 .....Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. __40___Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems,but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security. A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
2024年九省联考 说明文 人与自我——跑步健身的注意事项 总分253+62 36 段中 条件关系。If you’re just starting out与标题提到的new runners 呼应，明确了针对的对象是刚开始跑步的人通过条件关系的表述引出下文的建议。 Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. _____36___ , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. B. If you’re just starting out
37 段末 解释说明关系。前文提到新跑步者易犯一开始运动量过大的错误，且慢慢开始训练有助于减少受伤风险，37题进一步给出专家建议的具体增加跑步距离的方式，是对前文观点的详细解释。“increasing your running distance”与前文“doing too much too soon”相关内容相呼应。 Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. __37__ G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
38 段首（小标题） 段落主旨句，该空是一个小标题，概括整段大意。“Not taking rest days”准确概括了下面内容的核心，即新跑步者在休息方面常犯的错误，通过标题与内容的呼应实现逻辑衔接。 38 __________ .....So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts. A. Not taking rest days
39 段首 让步关系。选项中“While it may be true that”体现让步逻辑，“you don’t need expensive equipment”与后文强调的wear properly”形成对比，实现语义上的转折和衔接。 Not wearing the right equipment __39__, it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts..... F. While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running
40 段首 解释关系。40题先说明跑步有时会不舒服，为后文观点做铺垫，是一种解释性的逻辑关系。“Running can be uncomfortable at times”引出了后文关于疼痛时应如何处理的内容，“uncomfortable”与后文“hurts”语义相关，通过这种关联为后文的建议提供背景。 Running through pain ___40__If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain.... D. Running can be uncomfortable at times
2025年八省联考 说明文 人与社会——介绍大学艺术博物馆的 “Friends”组织，吸引人们加入 总分204+61 36 段中 并列关系。前文列举了部分内容，36题进一步补充说明。“Friends are”的表述与前文一致，保持了句式和话题的连贯性. ...Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni (校友). 36 . Friends are ..... Friends are interested ... G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds
37 段首（小标题） 段落主旨句，小标题，总结概括全段大意，以提问的方式引出下文，并与其他小标题句式一致，均以提问方式出现。 ● 37 As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity ..... ...● What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy A. Why does membership matter
38 段首 总分关系。作为总起句，后文具体列举相关内容，属于总分关系。选项中的”many opportunities”与后文提到的参加展览开幕、讲座、旅行机会和社交聚会等具体权益相呼应。 ● What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy 38 . ....Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals.... they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
39 段中 并列关系。39题与后文的“and”同为例子来解释说明前文内容。前文提到会员能获得很多机会，39题通过列举会员能收到博物馆季刊这一具体权益来举例说明, “a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine”是众多会员权益中的一个具体例子。 .... 39 , and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine
40 段中 顺承关系。前文说加入很简单，40题接着说明具体的操作步骤，属于顺承关系.“Simply complete the membership form”与后文“return it with your annual membership fee”形成连贯的加入步骤描述，“it”指代“membership form”，通过代词实现词汇衔接，清晰地说明了加入的具体方式。 ● How do I join the Friends Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately..... C. Simply complete the membership form
2025年新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 ——大学咖啡馆员工 Catherine Murphy的敬业服务及其对学生的积极影响。 总分总 266+85 36 段末 该空属于段末句，考察顺承关系。上文提到咖啡店提供课间休息和早晨提神服务，并暗示还有更多内容。选项E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮料，还提供微笑”完美承接and more，通过“not only...but also”结构。 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick - me - up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. ____36___ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker...., makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
37 段中 考察顺承关系，动作的衔接。D项的动词call out the name与前句make the drinks和后句grab the drink逻辑上构成制作饮料和递饮料的动作：完成订单后叫号，顾客取单时她微笑问候。 She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. ___37_____ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says...she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
38 段中 考察因果关系。根据前句可知，本段主要介绍Murphy的通勤习惯。后句解释原因“I do so because...”(我这么做是因为我喜欢为学生们制作咖啡)，可推测设空句与早起提供服务相关。故选C项。 Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. ____38___ "I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. ... here to serve. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
39 段中 考察因果关系。本段主要是举例说明Murphy微笑服务对学生的积极影响。设空前句提及Wright一周至少光顾六次咖啡店，后句为Wright本人的阐述，可推测设空句为Wright频繁光顾咖啡店的原因，即Murphy带给她的情绪力量。 .... Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. ___39_____ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
40 段中 该空位于段中，考察因果逻辑。前句Murphy提及喜欢在咖啡店工作，后句她又表示要留下来坚持做自己喜欢的事情，可推测设空句为喜欢这份工作的具体原因，对应G项中的工作经验和归属感。故选G项。 "I enjoy working in the cafe," Murphy said. 40. _____ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. G. She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else.
2025年新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 ——介绍家庭形式的志愿服务以及它带来的多种好处。 总分247+83 36 段中 考察语义衔接，顺承关系。36空前提及寻找凝聚家庭的方式和共同爱好。空白处后阐述志愿服务的好处，前后形成“提出问题--回答问题一-解释答案”的整体结构。B项(家人一起做义工可能恰好如你所需)与前后句语义相承，刚好嵌入此空。。 Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
37 段末 考察解释关系。37空位于段尾，空白处前提到研究显示将时间投入到社区公益事业会让人感觉拥有更充裕的时间。G 项“志愿服务让你觉得自己很有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天”是对前文的解释说明。 ●You'll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37 G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
38 段首 考察段首语。空白处后引用了华盛顿大学的研究，说明 55 岁及以上的志愿者比同龄人有更好的记忆力和保持更久的健康状态。E项“对成年人来说，参加志愿活动能给健康带来显著益处”与下文的研究发现相呼应。 ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.... E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
39 段首 小标题 空白处为段落小标题。考察主旨关系，该段落讨论的是青少年时期做志愿者带来的长期积极影响。C 项“志愿服务对孩子和青少年有终生的影响”概括了段落内容，符合语境。 ● 39 Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects ..... These effects aren't just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen's well-being in the years to come. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
40 段中 考察顺承关系。空白处前提到一起投身公益的家庭能收获为共同目标奋斗的独特体验，空白处后强调每个人带来独特贡献。由此可知，空白处需具体描述这种体验的表现。F项“你甚至可能发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋”既是对前一句的进一步阐述又是后两句的铺垫，承前启后。 ●You'll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. ..... F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.
2020-2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语七选五
测试要点
序号 试题 题号和考查能力点
36 37 38 39 40
1 2020新高考Ⅰ卷 段中：转折对比关系 段中：转折对比关系 段末：解释关系 段中：顺承关系 段首：段落主旨句
2 2020年新高考II卷 段末：总结关系 段中：解释关系 段首(小标题)：解释关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：因果关系
3 2021年新高考Ⅰ卷 段中：因果关系 段中：并列补充关系 段中：解释关系 段首：递进关系。 段中：递进关系
4 2021年新高考II卷 段末：总结关系 段末：补充关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：解释关系 段中：解释关系
5 2022年新高考Ⅰ卷 段中：并列关系 段中：选择关系 段中：补充 段末：总结关系 段中：递进关系
6 2022年新高考Ⅱ卷 段首：段落主旨句 段中：解释 段中：转折对比关系 段中：因果关系 段中：顺承关系
7 2023年浙江1月卷 段中：递进关系 段中：因果关系 段中：因果关系 段中：解释关系 段中：举例说明
8 2023年新高考Ⅰ卷 段中：递进关系 段中：承接关系 段末：总结关系 段中：递进关系 段中：解释关系
9 2023年新高考II卷 段中：补充关系 段末：解释关系 段中：解释关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：递进关系
10 2024年浙江1月卷 段中：顺承关系 段中：同义复现 段中：转折对比关系 段中：解释关系 段首：段落主旨句
11 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷 段中：解释关系 段中：因果关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：转折对比关系 段中：转折对比关系
12 2024年新高考II卷 段中：转折对比关系 段末：解释关系 段中：顺承关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：递进关系
13 2025年浙江1月卷 段中：解释关系 段中：解释关系， 段中：转折对比关系 段首(小标题)：段落主旨句 段末：递进关系
14 2020年山东、海南两省联考 段末：顺承关系 段中：总结关系 段末：解释关系 段中：举例说明 段首：段落主旨句
15 2021年八省联考 段中：转折关系 段末：类比推理 段中：解释关系 段首：对比关系 段末：总结关系
16 2023年四省联考 段中：因果关系 段中：递进关系 段中：因果关系 段首：段落主旨句 段中：递进关系
17 2024年九省联考 段中：条件关系 段末：解释说明关系 段首(小标题)：段落主旨句 段首：让步关系 段首：解释关系
18 2025年八省联考 段中：并列关系 段首(小标题)：段落主旨句 段首：总分关系 段中：并列关系 段中：顺承关系
19 2025年新高考Ⅰ卷 段末：顺承关系 段中：动作衔接 段中：因果关系 段中：因果关系 段中：因果关系
20 2025年新高考II卷 段中：顺承关系 段末：解释关系 段首：段落主旨 段首(小标题)：段落主旨 段中：顺承关系

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