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2023-2025语法填空高考真题 名校模拟分层测评
一、基础巩固类（侧重基础语法点，句式简洁）
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow ______ (follow) each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.（出处：2025 年高考全国 I 卷）
Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and ______ we think, especially when we are stuck in long-term stress.（出处：2025 年高考全国 II 卷）
Anyway, travelers who like natural scenery may find the trip to Wulong ______ (reward).（出处：2025 江苏省扬州市扬大附中东部分校高三联考）
“Growing tasty and healthy food has been my dream since I was a teenager. I know how challenging it can be, but if you take the soil ______ (serious), I believe it will pay off,” Guo says.（出处：2025 河北省邯郸市部分校高三模拟预测）
The glass greenhouse, ______ (complete) in 2023, draws inspiration from traditional Chinese architectural features like curved roofs and wooden brackets, reflecting the ancient Silk Road's influence on British garden design.（出处：2024 年高考新课标 I 卷）
Teachers often remind us that practice ______ (make) perfect, especially when we struggle with grammar rules and sentence structures.（出处：2024 山东省济南市高三一模）
A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks ______ tiny creatures lived.（出处：2023 年高考新课标 I 卷）
The book ______ I borrowed from the library yesterday is very interesting, which introduces many ancient cultural relics.（出处：2023 江苏省南京市高三一模）
With the development of technology, more and more people prefer ______ (shop) online, which has changed people’s daily life.（出处：2023 山东省青岛市高三联考）
We are supposed to wear masks in crowded places ______ we want to protect ourselves and others from infectious diseases.（出处：2024 广东省深圳市高三第二次调研）
My mother often tells me that early to bed and early to rise ______ (keep) a person healthy, wealthy and wise.（原创题，侧重主谓一致）
The little girl was so excited when she received the toy ______ her father bought for her birthday.（原创题，侧重定语从句）
In order ______ (improve) his spoken English, Tom practices talking with foreign teachers every weekend.（原创题，侧重不定式固定搭配）
This is the first time that I ______ (visit) the Great Wall, and I am deeply impressed by its grandeur.（原创题，侧重固定句型时态）
The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow, so we suggest ______ (put) off the outdoor activity till next week.（原创题，侧重动名词作宾语）
能力提升类（侧重语法嵌套，语境稍复杂）
It particularly comes with risks when we consume more than 150ml of free sugars per day, or ______ it puts us over our recommended calorie intake despite regular exercise.（出处：2025 年高考全国 II 卷）
______ the team concluded after three years of fieldwork was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to migrations that happened during the Medieval period.（出处：2025 湖北省武汉市江岸区高三调考）
It is well-known ______ regular exercise, when combined with a balanced diet, can improve both physical and mental health more effectively than either alone.（出处：2025 广东省广州市高三综合测试）
The professor introduced a new theory ______ (explain) how plants adapt to extreme weather conditions by adjusting their internal water storage, which aroused students' great interest in botany.（出处：2025 湖南省长沙市高三模拟）
A sculpture and a pavilion honoring Tang Xianzu, a great Chinese playwright, ______ (unveil) recently at Shakespeare's hometown, a move that celebrates the cultural connections between the two literary masters.（出处：2024 年高考新课标 II 卷）
The latest ______ (engineer) technology, which integrates AI and environmental sensors, is used to create this attractive protective and functional structure.（出处：2024 年高考新课标 I 卷）
My hometown, ______ is a small city in the south of China that has a history of over 2,000 years, has changed a lot since the new transportation system was built.（出处：2024 浙江省杭州市高三质检）
Many students believe ______ taking notes in class, if done systematically, helps remember key points more efficiently than just listening passively.（出处：2024 四川省成都市高三联考）
In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, ______ (start) with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of how to apply the philosophy in daily life.（出处：2023 年高考新课标 I 卷）
We all heard the news ______ our school won the regional sports competition, which made everyone excited and proud of the athletes’ hard work.（出处：2023 广东省广州市高三模拟）
The scientist, ______ research on renewable energy has won international awards, will give a lecture on environmental protection in our school next week.（出处：2023 浙江省杭州市高三质检）
These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) sunlight and fresh air to the inner plants, without which the young shoots would fail to grow.（出处：2024 年高考新课标 I 卷）
The company ______ products are popular among young people has announced plans to expand its business to Southeast Asian markets next year.（原创题，侧重定语从句所有格）
What surprised us most was that he ______ (overcome) so many difficulties in such a short time and finally achieved his goal.（原创题，侧重过去完成时）
As long as we ______ (stick) to our dreams and work hard, we are sure to make them come true sooner or later.（原创题，侧重条件状语从句时态）
综合拔高类（侧重特殊语法，句式复杂）
The research team found that those ______ had participated in the traditional craft workshops showed a significantly higher level of cultural identity than those who only read about the crafts.（出处：2025 年高考浙江卷）
Never ______ (have) the local government invested so much in preserving intangible cultural heritage until the central policy emphasized its importance last year.（出处：2025 年高考北京卷）
The ancient temple, ______ (restore) twice since it was built in the Tang Dynasty, still retains most of its original architectural features.（出处：2025 山东济南高三模考）
Many experts suggest that parents should limit the time their children spend on electronic devices, otherwise they ______ (develop) poor eyesight and lack social interaction skills.（出处：2025 四川成都高三联考）
Only by understanding the historical background of the poem ______ we fully appreciate the emotions the poet tried to convey.（出处：2024 年高考天津卷）
The reason why he failed the English exam was that he ______ (devote) too much time to playing online games instead of reviewing what he had learned.（出处：2024 湖北武汉高三模考）
Had she known that the meeting would be postponed, she ______ (not rush) to the office in such a heavy rain this morning.（出处：2023 年高考江苏卷）
At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide ______ (mass) benefits to the things you value, such as family communication and personal growth.（出处：2023 年高考新课标 I 卷）
You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn ______ strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid if you plan to adopt the same lifestyle.（出处：2023 年高考新课标 I 卷）
The most important thing is ______ we must stay calm when facing difficulties, no matter how tough they are or how much pressure we are under.（出处：2023 湖北武汉高三调考）
They demanded that the company ______ (compensate) for the losses caused by the defective products, but the management refused to respond immediately.（原创题，侧重虚拟语气）
By the time the new subway line is opened to the public next year, we ______ (live) in this neighborhood for ten years.（原创题，侧重将来完成时）
The article, ______ (write) by a famous journalist, has sparked heated discussions about the impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health.（原创题，侧重过去分词作定语）
It is strange that she ______ (leave) without saying goodbye to anyone, for she has always been a polite and thoughtful person.（原创题，侧重主语从句虚拟语气）
No sooner ______ they arrived at the airport than the plane took off, which made them feel very disappointed.（原创题，侧重部分倒装与固定句型）
参考答案及详细解析
一、基础巩固类
1.答案：following 解析：考查现在分词作后置定语。句中核心谓语为 “inspired”，“the energy flow” 与 “follow” 存在主动关系，用 “following” 修饰 “energy flow”，说明 “能量流动” 的属性；同时注意 “the balance...、the beauty...、the energy flow...” 的并列主语结构，确保语法一致。
2.答案：how 解析：考查宾语从句引导词。“change” 后接 “our mood” 和 “______ we think” 两个并列宾语，从句需表达 “思维方式”，用 “how” 引导（“how we think” 意为 “我们如何思考”），符合 “改变情绪与思维方式” 的语义逻辑。
3.答案：rewarding 解析：考查形容词作宾语补足语。“find + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构中，“the trip” 需用形容词补充性质，“reward” 的形容词 “rewarding” 意为 “有意义的”，符合 “游客觉得旅途有意义” 的语境。
4.答案：seriously 解析：考查副词修饰动词。“take” 为动词，需用副词 “seriously” 修饰，且 “take sth. seriously” 是固定搭配（“认真对待某事”），故将形容词 “serious” 变为副词形式。
5.答案：completed 解析：考查过去分词作后置定语。“the glass greenhouse” 与 “complete” 为被动关系（温室被建成），且 “in 2023” 提示动作完成，用 “completed” 修饰 “greenhouse”，说明 “建成时间”。
6.答案：makes 解析：考查一般现在时主谓一致。“practice makes perfect” 是客观真理，用一般现在时；主语 “practice” 为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 “makes”。
7.答案：where 解析：考查定语从句引导词。先行词 “rocks”，从句 “lived” 是不及物动词（后需加介词 “in/on”），“rocks” 在从句中作地点状语，用 “where” 引导（相当于 “on/in which”）。
8.答案：that/which（可省略） 解析：考查限制性定语从句。先行词 “the book”，从句 “borrowed” 缺宾语，用 “that/which” 引导，且作宾语时可省略，符合 “明确哪本书有趣” 的语义需求。
9.答案：shopping/to shop 解析：考查非谓语动词。“prefer” 后可接 “doing sth.” 或 “to do sth.”，“shopping” 侧重长期习惯，“to do sth.” 侧重具体选择，此处 “网购” 是普遍趋势，两者均符合语境。
10.答案：if 解析：考查条件状语从句引导词。“在密集场所戴口罩” 是 “保护自己和他人” 的前提条件，用 “if”（“如果”）连接，符合 “假设 - 结果” 的逻辑关系。
11.答案：keeps 解析：考查一般现在时主谓一致。“early to bed and early to rise”（早睡早起）是单数概念的习惯表达，视为整体主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数 “keeps”；句中 “that” 引导宾语从句，描述客观真理，用一般现在时。
12.答案：that/which（可省略） 解析：考查限制性定语从句。先行词 “the toy”，从句 “bought” 后缺宾语，用 “that/which” 引导，作宾语时可省略；需注意区分 “toy” 后的定语从句与前文 “so excited” 的结果状语（此处无 “so...that” 结果逻辑，而是 “toy” 的修饰成分）。
13.答案：to improve 解析：考查不定式固定搭配。“in order to do sth.” 是固定结构，意为 “为了做某事”，表目的；句中 “to improve” 作目的状语，说明 “汤姆每周和外教练习” 的目的是 “提升英语口语”，符合语义逻辑。
14.答案：have visited 解析：考查固定句型时态。“This is the first time that...” 是固定句型，从句需用现在完成时（若主句为 “was the first time”，从句用过去完成时）；句中主句 “is” 提示现在时，故填 “have visited”，体现 “到目前为止第一次” 的语境。
15答案：putting 解析：考查动名词作宾语。“suggest” 后接非谓语动词时，需用动名词 “doing sth.”（不可用不定式 “to do”），“suggest doing sth.” 意为 “建议做某事”；句中 “putting off” 作 “suggest” 的宾语，符合 “建议推迟户外活动” 的语义，避免误填 “to put”。
二、能力提升类
1.答案：when 解析：考查并列时间状语从句。“or” 连接两个结构一致的时间状语从句，前半句用 “when” 引导（“when we consume...”），后半句需保持引导词一致，“it” 指代 “摄入游离糖”，从句表 “热量超标时”，逻辑连贯。
2.答案：What 解析：考查主语从句引导词。“______ the team concluded...” 为主语从句，从句 “concluded” 缺宾语，用 “what” 引导（指代 “结论内容”）；需剥离 “after three years of fieldwork” 时间状语和 “that happened during...” 定语从句，聚焦从句主干。
3.答案：that 解析：考查主语从句引导词。“It is well-known that...” 是固定句式，“it” 为形式主语，真正主语是 “that” 引导的从句；需忽略 “when combined with a balanced diet” 插入语，确认从句结构完整，“that” 仅起连接作用。
4.答案：explaining 解析：考查现在分词作后置定语。“a new theory” 与 “explain” 为主动关系（理论解释...），用 “explaining” 修饰 “theory”，说明 “理论用途”；若用 “to explain” 则表目的，与 “介绍一种解释... 的理论” 语义不符。
5.答案：have been unveiled 解析：考查现在完成时被动语态。主语 “A sculpture and a pavilion” 为复数，与 “unveil”（揭幕）是被动关系，“recently”（最近）提示用现在完成时，故填 “have been unveiled”；“a move that...” 同位语从句仅补充说明，不影响主干语法。
6.答案：engineering 解析：考查名词作定语。“technology” 前需名词修饰，“engineering”（工程学）表 “技术类别”（工程技术），而 “engineered”（工程化的）语义不符，符合 “最新工程技术” 的语境。
7.答案：which 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 “my hometown” 指物，逗号后从句缺主语，用 “which” 引导（非限制性从句不可用 “that”）；“that has a history...” 是嵌套的定语从句，修饰 “small city”，需区分两层从句引导词。
8.答案：that（可省略）解析：考查宾语从句引导词。“believe” 后接宾语从句，从句 “taking notes... helps remember...” 结构完整，“if done systematically” 是插入语，忽略后可知 “that” 仅起连接作用，可省略（书面语保留更规范）。
9.答案：starting 解析：考查现在分词作伴随状语。主语 “I” 与 “start” 为主动关系（“我从剖析因素开始”），用 “starting” 伴随 “describe”，说明 “描述哲学基础” 的方式；“how to apply...” 宾语从句仅补充内容，不改变状语性质。
10.答案：that 解析：考查同位语从句引导词。“the news” 后接 “that” 引导的同位语从句，从句内容是对 “news” 的具体解释（“学校赢比赛”），“that” 无实际意义，不可省略（区分于定语从句）。
11.答案：whose 解析：考查定语从句所有格。先行词 “the scientist”，从句 “research” 前需所有格修饰，用 “whose” 引导（“whose research” 意为 “这位科学家的研究”），符合 “研究获国际奖项” 的语境。
12.答案：to give 解析：考查不定式作目的状语。“sepals open”（萼片开放）的目的是 “给内部植物提供阳光和空气”，用 “to give” 表目的；“without which...” 定语从句仅补充 “没有阳光空气的后果”，不影响目的状语判断。
13.答案：whose 解析：考查定语从句所有格。先行词 “the company”，从句 “products” 前需所有格修饰，用 “whose” 引导（“whose products” 意为 “该公司的产品”）；本题难点在 “______ products are popular...” 的从句结构，需识别 “products” 与 “company” 的所属关系，而非简单判断主语或宾语。
14.答案：had overcome 解析：考查过去完成时。“What surprised us most was that...” 中，表语从句的 “overcome”（克服困难）发生在 “surprised”（使惊讶）之前，是 “过去的过去”，需用过去完成时 “had overcome”；需通过 “surprised”（一般过去时）判断动作先后，避免误填 “overcame”（一般过去时）。
15.答案：stick 解析：考查条件状语从句时态。“As long as”（只要）引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则（主句用将来时 / 情态动词，从句用一般现在时）；句中主句 “are sure to make” 含情态意义，从句用一般现在时 “stick”，体现 “只要坚持，就会实现梦想” 的逻辑。
三、综合拔高类
1.答案：who 解析：考查定语从句引导词。先行词 “those”（指代人），从句 “had participated” 缺主语，用 “who” 引导；难点在 “than those who...” 的比较结构嵌套定语从句，需区分两个 “those” 后的从句成分（前 “who had participated”，后 “who only read”）。
2.答案：has 解析：考查部分倒装。“Never” 置于句首需倒装，正常语序为 “The local government has never invested...”，“last year” 和 “until” 提示用现在完成时，故将助动词 “has” 提前，主语后接过去分词 “invested”。
3.答案：has been restored 解析：考查现在完成时被动语态。“the ancient temple” 与 “restore” 为被动关系，“since it was built”（自从唐代建成）提示用现在完成时，“twice”（两次）体现动作重复，需用完成时而非一般过去时，主语单数，故填 “has been restored”。
4.答案：will develop 解析：考查含蓄条件句。“otherwise” 相当于 “if parents don’t limit the time”（如果父母不限制时间），表将来可能的结果，用一般将来时 “will develop”；需识别 “otherwise” 引导的隐性条件，避免误填 “develop”（一般现在时）或 “developed”（一般过去时）。
5.答案：can 解析：考查部分倒装。“Only by...”（只有通过...）置于句首需倒装，正常语序为 “we can fully appreciate...”，故将助动词 “can” 提前，主语后接动词原形 “appreciate”；难点在 “only + 方式状语” 引发的倒装，需注意助动词位置。
6.答案：had devoted 解析：考查过去完成时。“the reason why...” 表原因，表语从句中 “devote”（投入时间）发生在 “failed”（不及格）之前，是 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时 “had devoted”；“instead of reviewing what he had learned” 嵌套宾语从句，需判断动作先后顺序。
7答案：would not have rushed 解析：考查虚拟语气倒装。“Had she known” 是 “If she had known” 的倒装形式，表与过去事实相反（“她当时不知道会议推迟”），主句需用 “would have done” 的否定式 “would not have rushed”；“this morning”（今早）提示过去时间，匹配虚拟时态。
8.答案：massive 解析：核心规则：名词 “benefits”（益处）需形容词修饰，表 “益处的程度”。“mass” 是名词（意为 “大量、群体”），其形容词形式 “massive”（巨大的、大量的）符合 “带来巨大益处” 的语义，故填 “massive”。句式拆解：“that you believe will provide...” 是修饰 “online activities” 的定语从句，其中 “you believe” 是插入语，可暂时剥离，从句主干为 “that will provide massive benefits...”，避免因插入语干扰而忽略 “benefits” 前的形容词需求。
9.答案：what 解析：核心规则：“learn” 后接两个由 “and” 连接的并列宾语从句，需保持引导词结构一致。第二个从句用 “what” 引导（“what traps they encountered...”），故第一个从句也需用 “what”。功能分析：“what” 在第一个从句 “______ strategies worked well for them” 中作 “strategies” 的定语，意为 “哪些策略”（相当于 “the strategies that”），既让从句 “what strategies 作主语” 结构完整，又符合 “了解哪些策略对他们有效” 的语义；若填 “that”，则无法体现 “哪些” 的
10.答案：that 解析：核心规则：句子主干为 “The most important thing is + 表语从句”，从句 “we must stay calm... ” 结构完整（主谓宾 / 主系表齐全）、语义明确，需用 “that” 引导表语从句，且 “that” 不可省略（不同于宾语从句，省略会导致 “is” 后直接接句子，结构混乱）。干扰处理：从句中 “no matter how... or how...” 是修饰 “stay calm” 的并列让步状语从句，仅补充 “面对困难的条件”，不影响表语从句引导词的选择，避免因复杂修饰成分误判引导词。
11.答案：(should) compensate 解析：核心规则：“demanded”（要求）是虚拟语气标志词（类似词：suggest、require、request、insist 等，表 “要求、建议、坚持” 时），其后宾语从句需用 “(should) + 动词原形” 的虚拟结构，“should” 可省略，故填 “(should) compensate”。语义逻辑：“demanded that the company compensate” 体现 “要求公司赔偿” 的非事实性需求，符合虚拟语气功能；若误填 “compensates”（一般现在时）或 “compensated”（一般过去时），则违反 “demanded” 后的虚拟规则，语法错误。
12 答案：will have lived 解析：核心规则：“By the time + 将来时间状语（next year）” 是将来完成时的标志，该时态表 “到将来某时间点为止已完成的动作”，结构为 “will have + 过去分词”，故填 “will have lived”。
动作逻辑：“新地铁线明年开通” 是将来时间点，“居住在该社区” 的动作从现在持续到该时间点，且届时已持续 “十年”，需用将来完成时体现 “持续到将来的完成含义”；若填 “will live”（一般将来时），仅表 “将来居住”，无法体现 “持续十年”，语义不完整。
13.答案：written 解析：核心规则：句子核心谓语是 “has sparked”（引发），“the article”（文章）与 “write”（撰写）是被动关系（文章被撰写），且 “撰写” 动作已完成，需用过去分词 “written” 作非限制性定语，补充 “文章的撰写者”。易错提醒：若用 “writing”（现在分词），表 “主动关系”（文章主动撰写），逻辑矛盾；若填 “was written”，会导致句子出现 “was written” 和 “has sparked” 两个谓语，句式杂糅。
14.答案：(should) have left 解析：核心规则：“it is strange that...” 是虚拟句式（类似形容词：surprising、necessary、important 等，表 “惊讶、必要” 时），主语从句需用 “(should) + 动词原形 /have done”，动作已发生时用 “have done”，故填 “(should) have left”。语义分析：“不告而别” 的动作已发生，用 “(should) have left” 体现 “对已发生动作的惊讶”，符合 “strange”（奇怪）的语境；若填 “left”（一般过去时），仅陈述事实，失去虚拟语气的 “惊讶” 情感色彩，与语境不符。
15.答案：had 解析：核心规则：“no sooner...than...” 表 “一…… 就……”，有两个关键考点：“no sooner” 置于句首时，其后句子需部分倒装（助动词提前，主语后接过去分词）；时态搭配：“no sooner” 后用过去完成时（先发生的动作），“than” 后用一般过去时（后发生的动作）。倒装操作：“到达机场” 是先发生的动作，需用过去完成时 “had arrived”；“no sooner” 在句首，故将助动词 “had” 提前，形成 “No sooner had they arrived... ”；若填 “did”，则时态错误（“did” 对应一般过去时，无法体现 “先发生”），违反搭配规则。

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