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(共28张PPT)
外研版必修二Unit6
Word list
Learning objectives
1.准确掌握本单元所有单词和短语的发音、拼写及基本词义，能区分易混淆词（如 fog 与 smog，affect 与 effect）。
2.明确单词的词性及用法，尤其掌握重点动词（如 devote, adopt, urge）、名词（如 extinction, campaign, majority）、形容词（如 sustainable, severe, reusable）的搭配规则（如 devote oneself to doing sth., adopt measures)。
3.理解并记忆核心短语的含义及语境用法，如 due to 表原因、take... into account 表考虑、contribute to 表促成，能辨析同义短语（如 due to 与 because of）的细微差异。
阅读与写作词汇
单词记忆方法
重点单词用法
目录
CONTENTS
01
02
03
01
阅读词汇
1. shark / ɑ k/ n.
2.* fin /f n/ v.
3.extinction / k st k ( )n/ n.
4.ocean / ( )n/ n.
5. cruelty / kru lti/ n.
6. presentation / prez( )n te ( )n/n.
7. reserve /r z v/ n.
8.staff /stɑ f/ n.
9.establish / st bl / v.
10.drought /dra t/ n.
1.鲨（鱼）
2.切去(鱼的)鳍 n. 鱼鳍
3.灭绝，绝种
4.海洋，大海
5.残忍，残酷，残暴
6. 报告,(观点的)陈述,说明
7.(野生生物)保护区
8.员工
9.建立，设立
10.旱灾，干旱
11.flood /fl d/ n
12.* bulb /b lb/ n.
13.* renewable /r nju b( )l/ adj.
14.carbon / kɑ b n/ n.
15.greenhouse / ɡri nha s/ n.
16.* reusable /ri ju z b( )l/ adj.
17.brochure / br / n.
18. solar / s l / adj.
19. release /r li s/ v.
20.smog /sm ɡ/ n.
21. fog /f ɡ/ n.
22. severe /s v / adj.
11.洪水，水灾
12.灯泡
13.（能源）可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的
14.碳
15.温室，暖房
16.可再度使用的，可多次使用的
17. 小册子
18.利用太阳光（能）的
19.释放，排放
20.烟雾，雾霾
21.雾
22.很严重的
22. infection / n fek ( )n/ n.
23.slide /sla d/ n.
24.majority /m d r ti/ n.
25. false /f ls/ adj.
26. device /d va s/ n.
27.* stand-by / st ndba / adj.
28. mode /m d/ n.
29. leak /li k/ v.
30.* appliance / pla ns/ n.
31. plug /pl ɡ/ n.
32.* litre / li t / n.
33. campaign /k m pe n/ n.
34. urge / d / v.
35. canteen /k n ti n/ n.
22.感染，传染病
23.幻灯片
24.多数，大多数
25.多数，大多数
26.设备，仪器，
27.备用的
28.（机器、设备的）运行方式
29.（使）漏
30.家用电器
31.（电）插头
32. 升，公升
33.（宣传）活动
34.竭力主张
35.食堂，餐厅
写作词汇
1./ske / v. 使（某人）惊恐，吓唬
2.由于，因为
3./da v/ v. 潜水
4. / tɑ ɡ t/ v. 把......作为目标
5./ f t ( )n tli/ adv. 幸运地
6. t tju d/ n. 看法，态度
7./d v t/ v. 致力，献身，倾注
8./ h nt / n. 打猎，狩猎
9. / d m d / v. 破损，损害，损伤
10./ fekt/ v. 影响
1.scare
2. due to
3. dive
4.target
5. fortunately
6.attitude
7. devote
8. hunting
9. damage
10. affect
11./s pla / n. （煤气、自来水等）供应（系统）
12. /r st / v. 使恢复
13./ d pt/ v. 采取（某种方法）
14./s ste n b( )l/ adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的
15./r dju s/ v. 减少，降低
16./ lekt / n. （尤指大学里的）讲座，演讲
17./p m ( )n/ n. 允许，许可
18./ ma nt/ n. 数量，数额
19./ lek tr s ti/ n. 电
20./r mu v/ v. 移走，搬走，去掉
21.把......考虑进去
22./k n s nd/ adj. 焦急的，担忧的
23./k n tr bju t/ v. 促成，造成（某事发生）
24./ v( )r d / adj. 平均（数）的
11.supply
12. restore
13. adopt
14. sustainable
15.reduce
16.lecture
17.permission
18.amount
19.electricity
20.remove
21.take... into account
22.concerned
23.contribute
24.average
02
单词记忆方法(一)
shark
fin
dive
ocean
hunting
reserve
图片记忆
flood
bulb
carbon
greenhouse
brochure
smog
fog
device
appliance
plug
canteen
concerned
单词记忆方法(二）
读音规则
1.ar,aff,ass,ast,ask在重读音节中: /ɑ / e.g.shark,tar-get,staff ,car-bon;
2.重读开音节:due,dive,de-vote,o-cean,pre-sen-ta-tion,sup-ply ,so-lar,slide, de-vice, mode;
3.重读闭音节:fin,ex-tinc-tion, at-titude, hun-ting,e-stab-lish, dam-age,af-fect, a-dopt,bulb,
re-duce,smog,fog, in-fec-tion,lec-ture, per-mis-sion,ma-jor-ity, plug,con-trib-ute,av-er-age;
4.sus-tain-a-ble,e-lec-tric-i-ty,ap-pli-ance
单词记忆方法(三）
构词法记忆
1.scare(v.)使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→(人)害怕的,担心的(adj.)_____
→(物)可怕的(adj.)______
2. fortunately←幸运的(adj.)________←运气,大
笔的钱(n.)_______ 不幸地(adv.)_________
3.extinction(n.)灭绝,绝种←已灭绝的(adj.)_______
4. devote(v.)致力,献身→奉献,热爱(n.)________ →
诚挚爱的,忠的(adj.)_________
5.presentation(n.)报告,(观点的)陈述，说明←提交,陈述(v.)________
6.affect(v.)影响→效果,影响(n.)_____→有效的(adj.)_______
scared
scary
fortunate
fortune
unfortunately
extinct
devotion
devoted
present
effect
effective
7.adopt(v.)采取(某种方法)→采用,收养(n.)________
8.re-(又,再)+new(新的)+able(可...的)→renewable(adj.)可更新的
9.re-(又,再)+use(使用)+able(可...的)→reusable(adj.)可再使用的
10.reduce(v.)减少,降低→减少,降低(n.)_________
11.smoke(n.)烟+fog(n.)雾→smog(n.)________
12.permission(n.)允许,许可←允许(v.)_____ →许可证(n.)_____
13.majority(n.)大多数←major(adj.)_____________(v.)_____(n.)
__________
14.electricity→electric(adj.)________________ →electrical(adj.) __________
15.concerned(adj.)焦急的←concern(n.)_____(v.)_____→ concerning(prep.)_________
adoption
以电作动力的,由电产生的，发电的
烟雾，雾霾
reduction
主要的,重要的
主修
担心
permit
主修课程
让担忧
与电有关的
permit
关于,涉及到
03
重点单词用法
一、1.scare(v.)使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→(人)感到害怕的,紧张的(adj.) ______→(物)可怕的(adj.)______
短语:①scare sb.away/off:把某人吓跑;②scare sb into doing:威胁某人做某事;③be scared of sb/sth:对某人或某物感到害怕;④be scared of doing:害怕做;⑤be scared to do:害怕做;⑥be scared that...担心...;⑦scare sb. to death:把某人吓得要死
1.噪声太大会惊吓到鸟类。
2.你吓唬我也没用，我不会告诉你任何事情的。
scared
scary
Loud noises can scare birds.
You can’t scare me into telling you anything.
二、 affect / fekt/v. 影响;(感情上）深深打动→n.影响________
核心考点:① 侧重 “对事物产生客观影响”;② 侧重 “情感上的触动”（低频)
短语:1.affect sth.:影响某事;2.be affected by:受…… 影响;3.have an effect on:对......有影响
例句:1.你的意见不会影响我的决定。
2.电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？
高考原题（2021 年新高考 I 卷)The biggest concern with this new technology is that it may affect children's ability to form real relationships. A. influence B. improve C. protect D. show
√
You opinion will not affect my decision.
Does television have an effect on children’s behaviour
effect
三、devote(v.)致力,献身→奉献,热爱(n.)________→忠诚的,投入的(adj.)________
固定搭配:devote oneself to (doing) sth.:致力于 / 投身于做某事，此处 “to” 为介词，后接名词或动名词等
例句:许多科学家致力于研究保护海洋动物的方法。
高考原题（2020 年全国卷 III）Mr. Li has devoted himself to teaching for over 30 years, and he is loved by all his students.
devotion
devoted
Many scientists devote themselves to studying ways to protect ocean animals.
李老师投身于教书30多年了，他受到所有学生的喜爱。
四、adopt / d pt/v. 采取（某种方法）；收养
固定搭配：1.adopt a policy/measure/method:采取政策 / 措施 / 方法；2.adopt a child:收养孩子
例句:政府决定采取可持续措施减少碳排放。
高考原题（2019 年北京卷）To solve the problem of smog, the city has adopted a series of new environmental protection policies.
The government decided to adopt sustainable measures to reduce carbon emissions.
为了解决雾霾问题,这座城市已经采取了一系列新的环保政策。
五、due to: 由于，因为(介词短语)
用法特点：后接名词、代词或名词短语，不能直接接句子（易与 “because” 混淆，because 后接完整句子）。同义替换：because of, thanks to（正面含义）, owing to（正式）。句式位置：可位于句首或句中，作原因状语。
例句:由于过度捕捞鱼鳍，许多鲨鱼处于濒危状态。
高考原题（2022 年浙江卷）The sports meeting was put off due to the heavy rain, which made all the students disappointed.
Many sharks are in danger due to over-hunting for their fins.
运动会由于大雨延期，这使得所有学生失望。
六、take... into account :把…… 考虑进去= take... into consideration
例句: 新建筑的设计考虑了节能因素。
高考原题（2019 年江苏卷）When choosing a career, you should take your own interests and abilities into account rather than just follow others' advice.
A. consider B. ignore C. forget D. doubt
七、urge / d /v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促;n. 强烈的欲望 用法:① urge sb. to do sth.（敦促某人做某事）；② urge that...（主张 / 要求……），从句需用 “(should) + 动词原形” 的虚拟语气。名词含义：a strong urge to do sth.（做某事的强烈欲望）。
The design of the new building takes energy-saving into account.
√
例句:1.她劝我留下。
2.这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。
高考原题（2023 年全国卷 I）
The teacher urged all students to take part in the campaign to reduce reusable plastic waste.
A. advised B. forced C. allowed D. forbidden
八、damage / d m d /v. 破损，损害;n. 损害(不可数);赔偿金(可数)①动词:damage sth.:损害某物,侧重 “部分损坏,可修复”，与 destroy “彻底摧毁” 区分；② 名词:do damage to sth.对某物造成损害，不可数;claim damages（索赔，可数）
She urged me to stay.
The report urged that all children be taught to swim.
√
例句:1.大雨对学校的操场造成了一些破坏。
2.地震损毁了村里数百栋房屋。
高考原题（2022 年新高考 II 卷）
Long-term exposure to smog can damage people's respiratory system and cause infections.
A. harm B. improve C. develop D. protect
九、 sustainable /s ste n b ( ) l/adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的核心考点 话题关联：高考 “环保、绿色发展” 主题高频词，常与 “development（发展）、energy（能源）、agriculture（农业）” 搭配。
The heavy rain caused some damage to the school’s playground.
The earthquake damaged hundreds of houses in the village.
√
例句:1.选择一种可持续的生活方式对我们的未来很重要。
2.好的学习习惯是可持续的。
高考原题（2021 年浙江卷）
The company has developed a new sustainable packaging material that can be easily recycled.
A. environmentally friendly B. expensive C. temporary D. traditional
Choosing a sustainable lifestyle is important for our future.
Good studying habits are sustainable.
√
Consolidation
一、短语互译
1.由于，因为
2.把…… 考虑进去
3.竭力主张，强烈要求
4.减少到，降低到
5.致力于，献身于
6.温室效应
7.可重复使用的袋子
8.太阳能
9.食物供应
10.猎杀动物
1.due to
2.take...into account
3.urge sb to do
4.reduce...to...
5.devote oneself to...
6.greenhouse effect
7.reusable bags
8.solar power
9.food supply
10.hunt for animals
二、单词拼写
1.The government has set up a new wildlife ________ (保护区) to protect rare animals.
2.We should use _________ (可再生的) energy like solar power to reduce pollution.
3.The ___________ (灭绝) of this kind of bird is a great loss to our ecosystem.
4.She gave a great ____________ (报告) on environmental protection in class yesterday.
5.It’s important to _______(采取) effective measures to save water.
reserve
renewable
extinction
presentation
adopt
6.This company is trying to develop ___________ (可持续的) business models.
7.The heavy rain caused a serious _________ (洪水) in the small town.
8.The old building was _________ (损害) in the earthquake last year.
9.He always _________ (致力于) himself to helping poor children get education.
10.The ______ (烟雾) in the city is getting worse because of more cars.
sustainable
flood
damaged
devotes
smog
三、连词成句
1.we, should, adopt, sustainable, ways, of, living (.)
2.the, flood, last month, many houses, damaged (.)
3.people, are, concerned about, the, extinction, of, sharks (.)
4.this, nature reserve, was, established, in, 2005 (.)
5.using, solar power, can, reduce, the, release, of, carbon (.)
We should adopt sustainable ways of living.
The flood damaged many houses last month.
People are concerned about the extinction of sharks.
This nature reserve was established in 2005.
Using solar power can reduce the release of carbon.
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