资源简介 (共48张PPT)读后续写专项复习How to readWho (characters); When (time); Where (place); What(event); Why (reasons);Plot lineEmotion line+第一步:情节设计(4处衔接+转折思维)第二步:情感描写(直接+间接)第三步:句子升级(动词、副词、修辞、句式)第四步:主旨升华(呼应前文、名言谚语、情感升华)How to write与续写第一段第一句的衔接续写第一段最后一句与第二段开头的衔接与续写第二段第一句的衔接第一步:情节设计(4处衔接+转折思维)结尾要有原文中体现主题或伏笔的关键词,实现主题升华看一看/想一想/说一说/动一动+情绪Seeing this, I knew he was trying to hide his depression.With lights sparkling in his eyes, David sat up and raised his head, saying, “I’ll take part in the race.”“Ready ... Go!” The judge declared.Tears welling up in my eyes, I couldn’t feel prouder of David. That was exactly what made my job meaningful.读后续写范文中的一些常见“套路”,比如主人公在森林里,一般会“迷路”;在大街上开车,一般会遇到“堵车”;在大海上,一般会遇到台风等等。也就是说,在读后续写中,人物角色必须克服 挑战,以达到他们的目标 。第二步:情感描写直接描写:巧用名词+动词(短语)抓住:seized; took hold of;打败:got the better of席卷:swept over涌出:surged through; welled up inside充满:was filled with; overflowed withA sense ofexcitementHer heartexcitementher兴奋/高兴happiness; pleasure; joy; excitement; thrill;难过/悲伤sadness; grief; sorrow; bitterness; disappointment; depression生气害怕/恐惧Anger; rageFear; terror; horror第二步:情感描写间接描写:情景/情节+内心感受+外在表现I was nervousHowever, when I stood on the stage, with so many eyes fixed on me, …My heart was beating quickly (内心感受) with my legs trembling/ my palms sweating (外在表现) . I wondered if the audience would like me (心理活动).关于高兴/兴奋的描写形容词内心感觉外在表现My heart was like a singing bird.My heart was overflowing with joy.My heart was thumping with excitement.wore (wear) a bright/broad smile; smiled brightly; laughedgrinned/beamed (at sb) with pleasure/delightMy eyes/face lit up with delight. 喜形于色My eyes shined with excitement.clapped one’s handsjumped/danced with joy;露齿而笑;咧着嘴笑笑容满面;眉开眼笑happy; pleased; delighted; joyful;excited; thrilled; wild with joy写作训练:听到这个消息时,她兴奋极了。When hearing this news, she was very excited.写作训练:听到这个消息时,她笑了,眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。When hearing this news, she smiled brightly, with her eyes shining with delight.写作训练:听到这个消息时,她心中涌起喜悦。Hearing this news, joy welled up inside her.关于难过/悲伤的描写形容词内心感觉外在表现My heart ached.My heart was overflowing with sorrow.My heart sank.cried; wept(weep); sobbed; burst into tears;Tears filled my eyes.Tears streamed down my cheeks;sad; bitter; sorrowful; heartbroken写作训练:得知自己没有获奖,他心里一沉。Learning that he didn’t won the prize, his heart sank.Learning that he didn’t won the prize, he burst into tears, with his heart overflowing with sorrow.关于感动的描写形容词内心感觉外在表现cry; weep; sob; burst into tears;Tears filled my eyes.Tears streamed down my cheeks;moved; touchedI felt like there was a warm current rising in my heart.写作训练:她热泪盈眶,表示衷心的感激。With tears filling her eyes, she expressed her heartfelt gratitude.Tears filling her eyes, she expressed her heartfelt gratitude.我们再看八省联考里的一个句子:Holding the paper bag tightly, I stood still, a warm current rising in my heart.我紧紧地拿着纸袋,一动不动,一股暖流涌入心头。用“a warm current rising in my heart”即“一股暖流涌入心头”,用这格句子来表达感动,是不是很高级呢?形容词内心感觉外在表现关于生气的描写clenched (紧握) one’s fists;glared at sb;with eyes blazing/flaming (燃烧) with anger;angry; annoyed;I could felt anger boiling up inside me.写作训练:看到这个景象,她紧握拳头,怒火中烧。Seeing this, she clenched her fists, with eyes flaming with anger.Seeing this, she could felt anger boiling up inside her.关于害怕的描写形容词内心感觉外在表现frightened; panicked; scared; alarmed; in a panic; in alarmI froze (freeze 僵硬) with terror (恐怖);My palms sweated. with my palms sweatingMy leg trembled. with my palms and my leg tremblingPanic surged up within him.A wave of panic swept over her.写作训练:当熊靠近我的时候,我惊恐不已,全身僵硬When the bear approached me, I froze with terror.关于紧张的描写形容词内心感觉外在表现nervous; anxiousMy heart was beating/thumbing so quickly/violently.My heart was racing.feeling like sitting on pins and needlesMy palms sweated.My leg trembled.with my palms and my leg trembling写作训练:Tom正在等待他工作面试开始,他心跳加速,手心出汗。Tom was waiting for his job interview to begin, with his heart racing and his palms sweating.读后续写:出彩收尾设计请看第一例子,讲述的是与健忘妈妈一块去旅游的故事。文章的开头,是这么写的:I had an interesting childhood. It was filled with surprise and amusements, all because of my mother--loving, sweet, yet absent-minded and forgetful. 我有一个有趣的童年,充满了惊喜和娱乐,都是因为我的母亲——可爱,却心不在焉,健忘。那么续写结尾的时候可以回到文章的开头再次重申妈妈的性格,来深化主题。方法一: 首尾呼应法01我们再来看第二个例子,讲述的是爸爸带儿子去朋友家农场游玩迷路的故事。文章的开头,是这么写的:It was summer and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West. 那是夏天,我爸爸想带我度过一次前所未有的假期。 他决定带我去西部荒野之旅。文章结尾可以用首尾呼应的写作手法,请看这一句:Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before. The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind. 我从来没有过这么刺激又危险的假期。那次去西部的特别旅行,深深地印在我的脑海里。我们再来看第三个例子开头:A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. 一天,亚瑟在上班的路上发生了一件有趣的事情。结尾:What a funny day!Arthur couldn't stop laughing whenever he looked back on this amusing experience. 多么有趣的一天啊,每当亚瑟回想起这次欢乐的经历,他就忍不住笑个不停。使用名言结尾往往能给文章增添文采,同时也能起到凝炼中心,深化主旨的作用,这样的结尾可以引出结论,即时抒情,凸显主旨渲染氛围等,合理使用名言可以为续写文章画龙点睛,因此在平时我们不仅要多加积累,也要明白名言蕴含的道理,以便使其用在合适的语境中。需要注意的是:不可生搬硬套名言警句,一定要具体文本具体分析。方法二:名言式结尾法02例1:Don't judge each day by the harvest you reap but by the seeds that you plant.方法二:名言式结尾法(不要根据你每天的收获来判断每一天,而是根据你每天播种了多少。)这则名言采用了比喻的手法,将人的付出和回报比作耕种和收获。本质上,是过程和结果之间的比较,强调过程的重要性大于结果,可以用于习惯养成类和或者长期活动类叙事的结尾,提升思想境界。”例2:It is during our darkest moments that we must focus to see the light.(越是在最黑暗的时刻,我们越要寻找光明。)这则名言通过前后反复概念的对比,突出光明的重要性,引申为在困境中保持积极乐观的生活态度,可以用于主要人物经历重大坎坷,最后凭借乐观心态度过艰难岁月的文章。方法二:名言式结尾法例3:In the end, it's not the years in your life that count. It's the life in your years.(最后,重要的不是你生命中的岁月,而是你如何度过这些岁月的。)这则名言通过巧妙的词汇调换,改变句意,揭示了生活的真谛:只有认真对待生活,人生才不会留下遗憾,由于本句涉及的时间跨度较大,写作中最好有最好从长者的视角提出。方法二:名言式结尾法自己帮助别人或者自己受到他人帮助,一直以来是我们读后续写的一个重要主题,我们今天分享的就是“助人型”的主旨升华句。一共有2个。方法三:情感升华法03第一种句型(入门级)from then on +行动From then on, I would try my best to help sb like sb. Only in this way could more and more people help each other in the future.从那时起,我会尽我最大的努力帮助某些人,就像某人一样。 只有这样,将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。从这个句型的内涵上看:自己被别人帮助后,主动把这种助人的行为进行“传递”,即:去积极帮助他人。这种精神的升华具有正能量,是值得鼓励的。从句式结构来看,该句用到了倒装,属于高分亮点句。【示例1】文章讲述了主人公和孩子们想出在社区卖爆米花的主意,来帮助穷人的故事。我们可以借鉴这个写作公式,可以这么写。From then on, Bernard made up his mind to help someone who needs help . Only in this way could more and more people help each other in the future.从那时起,伯纳德决定帮助需要帮助的人。只有这样,将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。实战运用【示例2】作者讲述一次吉普车爆胎和维修经历。先是路边标语求助无果,失望之际墨西哥人伸出援手。续写的第一段,主要要写帮助的细节。第二段就可以升华主题:From then on, I placed a jack and some common tools in my car. When meeting people in need on the road, I would try my best to help them like the family. Only in this way could more and more people help each other in the future.从那时起,我在我的车里放了一个千斤顶和一些常见的工具。当我在路上遇到需要帮助的人时,我会尽力像家人一样帮助他们。只有这样,将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。第二种句型(高级)动作+感动+感悟这个“动作”可以是:看到了某情景,或者拿着一样东西。“感动”很好理解,别人帮助了自己,产生的情绪就是“感动”,最常见的就是“眼泪往下流”。“感悟”这一句,往往是“爱”“善行”“付出”等关键字的励志句。比如我们来看这一句:sb looked at sth / held sth, tears rolling down without control. It is love that makes the world go around,which sb felt deep in one’s heart.某人看到了某物或者拿着某物,眼泪毫无控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动,在某人的心里深深地感受到了这一点。这个句子从句式结构上:用到了一个独立主格tears rolling down without control,眼泪毫无控制地流下来;以及一个强调句It is love that makes the world go around(正是“爱”让世界转动),还有一个定语从句:which sb felt deep in one’s heart.这三个语法现象都是我们作文中的高分亮点。【示例1】在续写第二段开头,文章提到那一家墨西哥人递给作者一个纸袋,里面有食物。我们可以这么来写主旨升华句。I held the paper bag tightly, tears rolling down without control. It is love that makes the world go around,which I felt deep in my heart.我紧紧地握着纸袋,眼泪毫无控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动,在我心里里深深地感受到了这一点。实战运用【示例2】我们再来看 “卖爆米花帮助穷人”的故事,我们借鉴这个写作公式,可以这么写。He held the coins tightly, tears rolling down without control. It is love that makes the world go around,which Bernard felt deep in his little heart.他紧紧地握着硬币,眼泪毫无控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动,伯纳德在他的心里深深地感受到了这一点。读后续写:主旨升华句(成长型)“改变”和“成长”是我们读后续写一个重要主题。在第二段的结尾处,我们怎样写“改变成长”型的主旨升华句呢?我们可以根据“改变”的因素来学习不同的表达。比如克服困难,克服自卑等。今天我们要学习七类不同的改变模式。第一类:学习知识促“改变”知识就是力量!在改变的过程中,学习不同的知识,然后才能面对各种困难和挑战。比如屏幕前的你,不就是在学习读后续写的技巧吗?请看下面的例句,也是我送给正在学习的你。It's never too late to learn. Each individual has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts.学习永远为时不晚。每个人都应该并且有权利去接受更多的挑战,做更多的尝试。【分析】individual这里表示“个人,个体”。make more attempts 做更多尝试。第二类:发挥天赋促“改变”认识自身天赋,并且发挥天赋,这是改变我们的现状的一个重要条件。请看下面的例句。Actually, every individual possesses talent. Be brave when you find it and also make efforts. You can create miracles in the end. 事实上,每个人都有天赋,发现它的时候要勇敢,也要付出努力,最终你会创造奇迹。【分析】possess 拥有。create miracles表示创造奇迹。第三类:追逐梦想促“改变”永远不要忽视了梦想的力量!“做人如果没有理想,跟咸鱼有什么区别呢”。请看下面两个例句。 It's never too late to go for your dream. As long as you grasp every opportunity and take full advantage of it, you will stand a chance to realize your dreams.追梦永远不晚。只要你抓住机会,充分利用机会,你就有机会实现梦想。As long as we dare to dream and don't let difficulties get in our way, anything is possible.只要我们敢于梦想,不被困难所阻挡,一切皆有可能。【分析】take full advantage of 充分利用, realize your dreams表示“实现梦想”第四类:克服困难促“改变”只有克服各种苦难,才能改变现状。请看下面的例句。The journey to success is not smooth. It is full of challenges and difficulties. We should be brave to face them. As long as we don’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties, we will surely achieve our goal (success) finally.通往成功的路不会平坦,充满挑战和艰辛。我们要勇敢面对。只要不放弃希望并竭尽全力克服所有困难,我们最终会实现我们的目标(成功)。【分析】smooth 表示“平坦的”overcome all the difficulties 表示“克服困难”;make every effort 表示“做出努力”;as long as,表示“只要”,引导条件状语从句。第五类:战胜恐惧促“改变”我们在改变的过程中,经常需要克服自己内心的恐惧。请看下面的例句:Determination and optimism are what it takes to conquer your fear and accomplish your goal. 战胜恐惧和实现目标,需要决心和乐观。【分析】Determination 表示“决心”; optimism表示“乐观”。conquer your fear表示“克服你的恐惧”;accomplish your goal表示“完成目标”第六类:战胜自卑促“改变”我们在改变之前,可能会有一些自卑的心理阻碍着我们成长,比如自己的外貌的缺陷,性格内向等,如何克服自卑,实现人生逆袭?请看下面的例句。I smiled as I eventually realized the real source of confidence. Now, I am proud of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality that decides who you truly are.我笑了,因为我最终意识到了自信的真正来源。现在,我为我的样子感到骄傲,而且更快乐,因为我已经意识到,决定你真正是谁的是你的个性。【分析】eventually表示“最后,终于”;personality 表示“个性”。第七类:战胜消极促“改变”积极的心态像太阳,照到哪里,哪里亮。“积极”思维,最终让我们成长改变,这种主题,是读后续写中比较常见的。请看下面的例句。Attitude is more important than facts for us. We cannot change our past; we cannot change the fact. However, the only thing we can do is hold a positive attitude.态度对我们来说比事实更重要。 我们不能改变我们的过去;我们不能改变事实。 然而,我们唯一能做的就是保持积极的态度。【分析】Attitude表示“态度”;positive attitude.就是“积极的态度”。读后续写:主旨升华句3(脱险型)读后续写中会遇到火灾,水灾,森林迷路等内容的故事,如果涉及到对生命造成了一定的威胁的情节,我们就把这种类型的文章归为“脱险”型。在往年高考真题中,曾经就考过三次:拍摄北极熊遇险;父子骑马迷路;骑车游玩遇狼脱险。主旨句一:入门句That day was so unforgettable that it would stay in my memory forever. 那天是如此难忘,它将永远留在我的记忆。遇到危险并且最终成功脱险的经历,想必对我们每个人来说一定是一生中难忘的经历。所以这个句子使用的场合还是挺多的。句子中使用了so...that的句式结构:如此......以至于。unforgettable是一个形容词,表示“无法忘记的”。主旨句二:中级句Only then did I realize that it was bravery that can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way. 直到那时,我才意识到,正是勇敢才能克服一切困难。遇到危险后,勇敢面对,才能解决问题。这个句子突出了“勇敢”这个核心,这在“脱险型”的故事里,是非常恰当的。这句话使用了倒装的结构和强调结构结合的方式,也属于高分亮点句。主旨句三:高级句It was this unique experience that made me understand whatever difficulty we are faced with (= we may face), we mustn’t give up our hope.“正是这种独特的经历使我理解了我们所面临的任何困难,我们不能放弃我们的希望。”这个句子也是把强调句,定语从句,宾语从句结合在一起,句式结构比较高级。主旨句四:综合型即把前几种方式进行组合,我们可以记住这个组合公式:结果+难忘的经历+体悟我们再说具体点儿,“结果”指的是获救的结果,如走出森林,获救后见到家人等。“难忘的经历”就是我们刚刚学到的第一个主旨句。“体悟”在这种“脱险型”里,无非就是突出冷静,勇敢,不放弃希望等信念的重要性。我们来一个例句:Finally, we did sth. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm.最后,我们做某事。(这里写结果) 多么难忘的经历啊! (这是一个万能句)事实证明,只要我们保持冷静,就总有办法摆脱困境。(作者的体悟,可以把“保持冷静”,换成“不放弃希望”等。)我们看这篇读后续写,爸爸带儿子去朋友家农场游玩迷路的故事。文章的最后,我们可以用这句:Finally, we went out of the forest that trapped us. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm.最后,我们走出了困住我们的森林。 多么难忘的经历啊! 事实证明,只要我们保持冷静,就总有办法摆脱困境。我们也可以把第一句改成:Finally, we arrived home safely just in time for supper(我们安全回家,正好赶上吃晚饭),也就是说,不管怎么写,第一句是脱险后的结果。我们再看这篇读后续写,夫妻俩野外露营,因小事发生争执,女主人独自走进森林迷路的故事。文章最后,我们也可以用上这句:Finally, she saw her husband. As tightly as possible, she hugged him and was too thrilled to say anything. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we never give up our hope.最后,她看到了她的丈夫。 她尽可能地紧紧地抱着他,激动得说不出话来。 多么难忘的经历啊! 事实证明,只要我们不放弃我们的希望,任何困境都有出路。在这篇读后续写中,作者和朋友一起骑车游玩,途中遇狼,惊险万分。我们可以这样结尾:Finally, the wolf ran away off the road and disappeared in the distance .“We are safe!”Mac said in a pleasant tone. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm.最后,狼从路上跑开,消失在远处。“我们很安全!”麦克以一种愉快的语气说。 多么难忘的经历啊! 事实证明,只要我们保持冷静,就总有办法摆脱困境。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览