资源简介

名词
(
考点
1:
名词的数
)
可数名词有单数、复数两种形式，如：chair, chairs。单数可数名词不能单独使用，其前面可加不定冠词(a/an)，定冠词(the)，指示代词(this/that), 形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等。 a month, the dictionary, his mother, Lucy’s friend等。
(
可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
)
规则 示例
一般情况，加 s star→ ；gift→________；invention→___________
以字母s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词，加 es bus→___________； box→________；watch→________ 特例：stomach→_________
以字母f或fe结尾的词，变f或fe为v，再加 es leaf→________；wife→___________；knife→__________；life→_________
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加 es country→_________； baby→_________； story→_________；city→_________
以元音字母加y结尾的词，加 s toy→_________；monkey→_________
以o结尾的词，若表示有生命的加 es，若表示无生命的加 s tomato→________；hero→_________； photo→_____________；piano→_______；zoo→_________；radio→_________
改a为e man→_________；woman→________ 特例：German→__________； human→__________
改oo为ee tooth→_________；foot→_________
在词尾加 ren child→__________
单复数形式相同 sheep; Chinese; Japanese
其他特殊形式 mouse→_________
(
不可数名词
)
1. 不可数名词没有复数形式，如：water, meat。
2. 可修饰不可数名词的修饰语：much, little, a little, a bit of,
a good/great deal of, a large amount of等。
3. 不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词(a/an)直接修饰。
若表示数量，可用量词加不可数名词表达。常见的计量词有 piece, kilo, bag, glass, cup, drop 等。
(
+of +不可数名词
) (
a/an +计量词
基数词（大于1）+计量词（复数形式）
)
a bottle of water, a piece of music, two pieces of advice
(
考点
2:
名词所有格
)
类别 构成方法 示例
有生命的名词 不以 s结尾加 's my sister's bag
以 s结尾加' the students' vacation
表示几个人共同拥有 在最后一个人名后加's Lily and Mary's home
表示每个人各自拥有 在每个人名后加's Tom's and Jack's shoes
用于构成不同的节日 加's或' Children's Day;Teachers' Day
(
’s的所有格
)
(
of所有格
)
of所有格表示无生命的东西,如：the top of the hill
(
双重所有格
)
of +-’s 所有格，如：two students of Mr. Green’s
of +名词性物主代词，如：a dictionary of hers
(
考点
3
：名词词义辨析
)
名词词义辨析主要指考生在不同的语言环境中，通过对上下文的理解或者对一些词义相同的名词准确地掌握其意义，然后作出正确的选择。
(
考点
4
：
名词变形
)
(
名词变形容词
)
1. n. ＋ y或双写最后一个辅音字母＋ y(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)：
cloud→________ 　　　　 fog→________
health→________ luck→________
sun→________ snow→________
sleep→________ 　 rain→________
wind→________ noise→________
2. n. ＋ al或去e＋ al：
education→____________ nation→________
person→_________ centre→________
culture→_________ nature→________
3. n. ＋ ful：
wonder→____________ color→__________
meaning→____________ harm→_________
peace→_________ use→________
4. n. ＋ly：
love→____________ friend→________
week→_________ day→________
5. n. (-ce)→-t：
silence→_________ patience→_________
absence→_________ difference→_________
importance→_________
1．In the art classroom, Li Li cut out a thin wood board in the ________ of Tian’anmen.
A．place B．size C．shape
2．She gets up early every morning. It’s a good ______.
A．book B．habit C．tool D．day
3．Alice, you must wear a uniform because it builds school ________.
A．spirit B．chance C．peace D．knowledge
4．To help cut down ________ pollution, many people go to work on foot or by bike now.
A．air B．land C．water
5．Qian Xuesen, father of China’s space program, is one of the greatest _________ in the world.
A．farmers B．astronauts C．directors D．scientists
6．—You’d better take a compass (指南针) when you are travelling in the forest. It is difficult to find the correct ________.
—OK, thanks for your advice.
A．direction B．condition C．information
7．—Mum, I have a ________.
—You shouldn’t eat so many candies. We need to see a dentist right now.
A．stomachache B．toothache C．headache
8．Daming often asks his teacher for ________ about how to improve his English.
A．noise B．shape C．advice D．life
9．—What’s the advantage of your transport services
—Whether it’s by land, sea or air, we use our ________ to serve you.
A．courage B．challenge C．passage D．knowledge
10．David left the school pop group. Then I took over his ________ as lead singer.
A．farm B．part C．role D．sale
11．Qian Xuesen, father of China’s space program, is one of the greatest ________ in the world.
A．farmers B．astronauts C．directors D．scientists
12．The use of China’s first home-built ocean drilling (钻探) ship shows a big ________ forward in China’s deep sea exploring.
A．hole B．flag C．bridge D．step
13．—Alan, could you pass me the ________ over there I want to look up a word.
—Sure. Here you are.
A．pen B．dictionary C．ruler D．pencil
14．—Who left a notebook in the English club
—It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________.
A．me, Jack’s B．mine, Jack’s C．mine, Jack
15．The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ________ 1, 1921.
A．July B．August C．September D．October
16．They all think my eyes look bigger than ________.
A．my brother B．my brothers C．my brother’s

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