译林版(2024)八年级上册 Hands-on Fun单元知识复习第1讲 词汇(含答案)

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译林版(2024)八年级上册 Hands-on Fun单元知识复习第1讲 词汇(含答案)

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8AU4 Hands-on Fun单元知识复习第1讲--词汇
一、单元高频词(DIY、手工制作、日常操作)
(一)名词类(高频出现于工具、材料、场景描述)
词汇 词性&含义 讲解 例句
tool n. 工具 单元中常指 DIY 时使用的各类工具,如刷子、剪刀等,为可数名词,复数直接加 s。 From the text: Hand the tools to me, and I’ll start painting the wall.(把工具递给我,我要开始刷墙了。)
instruction n. 用法说明;指示 常以复数形式 “instructions” 出现,特指产品使用说明或操作步骤指南,不可数名词(表 “说明” 时),表 “一条指示” 时可加 a。 From Grammar: Instructions can be difficult to understand.(用法说明可能很难理解。)
brush n. 刷子 指刷油漆、涂胶水用的刷子,可数名词,复数为 brushes(以 sh 结尾,加 es)。 From Grammar: You’d better not get too much paint on the brush.(你最好不要在刷子上蘸太多油漆。)
power cut n. 停电 固定搭配,指电力中断的情况,为可数名词,复数为 power cuts,无单复数变形争议。 From Reading1: One evening, Sarah’s room had a power cut and it was in complete darkness.(一天晚上,萨拉的房间停电了,一片漆黑。)
mess n. 混乱;一团糟 不可数名词,常与 “in a” 搭配构成 “in a mess”,表示 “处于混乱状态”,无复数形式。 From Reading2: I was surprised to find that my office was in a mess.(我惊讶地发现我的办公室一团糟。)
(二)动词类(高频用于动作描述:制作、操作、整理)
词汇 词性&含义 讲解 例句
make v. 制作;使 单元中核心动词,可搭配 “make mooncakes(做月饼)”“make a doll(做玩偶)” 等 DIY 场景,过去式 / 过去分词为 made。 From Welcome: We can make lanterns with some coloured paper and scissors.(我们可以用彩纸和剪刀做灯笼。)
put v. 放;安置 多与介词搭配构成固定短语,如 “put into(放进)”“put up(悬挂;张贴)”“put together(组装)”,过去式 / 过去分词为 put。 From Reading1: He wanted to put up a picture on the wall.(他想在墙上挂一幅画。)
cut v. 剪;切 常与 “out” 搭配 “cut out”,表示 “剪出(形状)”,过去式 / 过去分词为 cut,无变化。 From Welcome: I’ll cut out the flower shapes with a pair of scissors.(我要用剪刀剪出花朵的形状。)
fold v. 折叠 特指将纸张、布料等折起,动作指向 “使平整重叠”,过去式 / 过去分词为 folded。 From Welcome: You can fold the paper like this to make a card.(你可以像这样折纸做一张卡片。)
fill v. 装满;充满 常与 “with” 搭配 “fill...with...”,表示 “用…… 装满……”,被动形式为 “be filled with”。 From Reading1: He hit a water pipe and filled the room with water.(他敲中了水管,弄得房间里到处是水。)
(三)固定词组(高频用于日常表达、DIY 场景)
词组 含义 讲解 例句
be crazy about 热衷于…… 后接名词或动名词(doing),表示对某事物有强烈兴趣,主语为人。 From Reading1: My cousin is crazy about DIY, and now no DIY job seems impossible to him.(我表弟热衷于 DIY,现在对他来说,似乎没有什么 DIY 工作是不可能的。)
make sure 确保;确信 后接从句或 “of + 名词 / 代词”,用于强调 “确认某事发生”,主语为人。 From Grammar: Make sure you put the brush back after using it.(确保你用完刷子后把它放回去。)
tidy up 收拾;整理 强调将混乱的物品整理整齐,可接宾语(如 tidy up the room),也可单独使用。 From Reading2: With her parents’ help, she soon tidied up her room.(在父母的帮助下,她很快收拾好了房间。)
take a course 参加课程 指 “学习某门课程”,“course” 后可接 “in + 学科 / 技能”,如 “take a course in DIY”。 From Reading1: He bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course.(他买了很多关于 DIY 的书,还参加了一个在线 DIY 课程。)
二、单元易错词(易混淆、变形错误、用法错误)
(一)名词单复数易错
词汇 正确形式 易错点讲解 错误例句→正确例句
shelf 单数:shelf;复数:shelves 以 “f/fe” 结尾的名词,变复数需把 “f” 变 “v” 加 es,易误写为 “shelfs”。 错误:I need two shelfs for my books.→正确:I need two shelves for my books.(我需要两个书架放书。)
brush 单数:brush;复数:brushes 以 “sh” 结尾的名词,变复数加 es,易误写为 “brushs”。 错误:These brushs are too small to paint the wall.→正确:These brushes are too small to paint the wall.(这些刷子太小了,没法刷墙。)
instruction 单数:instruction;复数:instructions 表 “用法说明” 时常用复数,表 “一条指示” 时用单数,易漏写 “s”。 错误:Read the instruction before using the machine.→正确:Read the instructions before using the machine.(使用机器前请阅读用法说明。)
(二)否定前缀易错(un- vs in-)
词汇 原词 否定形式 易错点讲解 例句
unlucky lucky(幸运的) unlucky(不幸的) 以 “lucky” 为代表的 “辅音 + y” 结尾形容词,否定前缀用 “un-”,易误加 “in-”(如 “inlucky”)。 From Wordpower: Tom had an unlucky day because he lost his wallet.(汤姆度过了不幸的一天,因为他丢了钱包。)
impossible possible(可能的) impossible(不可能的) 以 “possible” 为代表的以 “p” 开头的形容词,否定前缀用 “im-”(表 “不”),易误加 “un-”(如 “unpossible”)。 From Reading2: It was impossible for her to tidy up her room that night.(那天晚上她不可能收拾房间了。)
impolite polite(礼貌的) impolite(不礼貌的) 以 “polite” 为代表的以 “p” 开头的形容词,否定前缀用 “im-”,易误写为 “unpolite”。 From Wordpower: It is impolite to ask someone’s age when you meet for the first time.(第一次见面时问别人的年龄是不礼貌的。)
(三)动词短语搭配易错
短语 正确搭配 易错点讲解 错误例句→正确例句
mix up mix + 代词 + up “mix up” 为 “动词 + 副词” 短语,代词(如 it/them)需放在中间,易误放后面(如 “mix up them”)。 错误:Don’t mix up them—the two paints are different.→正确:Don’t mix them up—the two paints are different.(别把它们混起来 —— 这两种油漆不一样。)
put up put + 宾语 + up /put up + 宾语 宾语为名词时可放中间或后面,宾语为代词时只能放中间,易误将代词放后面(如 “put up it”)。 错误:He wanted to put up it on the wall.→正确:He wanted to put it up on the wall.(他想把它挂在墙上。)
cut out cut + 宾语 + out /cut out + 宾语 同 “mix up”,代词需放中间,易误写为 “cut out it”。 错误:Can you cut out it for me →正确:Can you cut it out for me (你能帮我把它剪下来吗?)
三、写作主题词(聚焦 “DIY 经历”“手工制作”“艺术节” 写作场景)
(一)主题核心名词(描述 DIY 材料、场景、成果)
词汇 词性&含义 写作场景用法 写作例句
DIY competition n. DIY 比赛 用于开头点明写作背景,如 “学校举办的 DIY 比赛”,为可数名词短语。 In this week’s school art festival, I joined the DIY competition with my recycled work.(在本周的学校艺术节上,我带着我的废旧材料作品参加了 DIY 比赛。)
mason jar n. 广口玻璃瓶 用于描述 “手工容器”,如 “用广口玻璃瓶做香草园”,可数名词,复数为 mason jars。 I made a herb garden in a mason jar—it looks lovely on my windowsill.(我用广口玻璃瓶做了一个香草园,放在窗台上很好看。)
recycled material n. 废旧材料 用于 “环保 DIY” 主题,强调 “废物利用”,不可数名词短语,也可写 “recycled materials”(复数,表各类废旧材料)。 My DIY work was made of recycled materials like old cardboard boxes and coloured paper.(我的 DIY 作品是用旧纸箱、彩纸等废旧材料做的。)
(二)主题核心动词(描述 DIY 步骤、过程)
词汇 词性&含义 写作场景用法 写作例句
prepare v. 准备 用于开头描述 “准备材料”,搭配 “prepare the materials”,过去式为 prepared。 First, I prepared the materials: an old glove, some buttons and colourful thread.(首先,我准备了材料:一只旧手套、一些纽扣和彩线。)
stick v. 粘贴 用于描述 “粘合部件”,搭配 “stick...to...”(把…… 粘到…… 上),过去式为 stuck。 Then, I stuck the buttons to the glove as the doll’s eyes.(然后,我把纽扣粘在手套上作为玩偶的眼睛。)
complete v. 完成 用于描述 “完成作品”,也可作形容词 “complete(完整的)”,过去式为 completed。 After two hours of work, I finally completed my DIY doll.(经过两个小时的制作,我终于完成了我的 DIY 玩偶。)
win v. 赢得 用于结尾描述 “获奖成果”,搭配 “win a prize/competition”,过去式为 won。 I was so happy because I won the competition with my creative work.(我很开心,因为我的创意作品赢得了比赛。)
(三)主题核心形容词(描述 DIY 作品、感受)
词汇 词性&含义 写作场景用法 写作例句
creative adj. 有创意的 用于描述 DIY 作品或想法,强调 “新颖、独特”,反义词为 “uncreative”。 My teacher said my DIY work was very creative because I reused old things in a new way.(老师说我的 DIY 作品很有创意,因为我用新方式利用了旧物品。)
proud adj. 自豪的 用于表达制作后的感受,搭配 “feel proud of(为…… 自豪)” 或 “be proud that(自豪的是……)”。 I felt proud of myself—this was my first time making a DIY work alone.(我为自己感到自豪 —— 这是我第一次独自做 DIY 作品。)
lovely adj. 可爱的;好看的 用于描述 DIY 作品外观,强调 “让人喜欢的样子”,近义词为 “cute”。 The DIY doll we made looked so lovely that my mom put it on the shelf.(我们做的 DIY 玩偶太可爱了,妈妈把它放在了架子上。)
recycled adj. 可回收的;废旧利用的 用于 “环保 DIY” 主题,修饰 “material”“work” 等,表 “废物利用的”。 This recycled DIY work not only saves money but also helps reduce waste.(这个废旧利用的 DIY 作品不仅省钱,还能帮助减少浪费。)
配套练习
一、高频词专项练习(聚焦文档核心词汇)
(一)根据中文释义 / 音标写单词(每空 1 分,共 8 分)
1. Please pass me the ______(工具)—I need to fix the shelf.
2. You must read the ______(用法说明,复数)before using the new machine.
3. It’s ______(/ de nd r s/)for children to play with sharp scissors.
4. Little Tom counted the numbers with his ______(手指,复数).
5. DIY can help ______(/r dju s/)waste by reusing old things.
6. There was a ______(停电)last night, so we used candles.
7. She used a ______(刷子)to paint the wall light blue.
8. My room was in a ______(混乱)after I finished the DIY work.
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空(每空 1 分,共 7 分)
(备选词:make, put, cut, fold, fill, tidy, be crazy about)
1. My grandma ______ mooncakes every Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. He ______ up a family photo on the wall yesterday.
3. Can you ______ out the flower shapes from this coloured paper
4. ______ the paper in half, and you’ll get a small card.
5. The little girl ______ the bottle with water for her plants.
6. Let’s ______ up the classroom before the teacher arrives.
7. Tom ______ DIY—he spends every weekend making handmade things.
二、易错词专项练习(针对文档高频错误点)
(一)句子改错(每句 1 处错误,每空 1 分,共 5 分)
1. I need three shelf to put my books. (______ → ______)
2. These brush are too small to paint the door. (______ → ______)
3. It’s unpossible to finish the work in 30 minutes. (______ → ______)
4. Don’t mix up them—they are different paints. (______ → ______)
5. He is inlucky today because he lost his key. (______ → ______)
(二)选择正确的否定前缀填空(每空 1 分,共 5 分)
(备选前缀:un-, im-, in-)
1. This answer is ______correct. You need to check it again.
2. It’s ______polite to talk loudly in the library.
3. The old man feels ______comfortable because the chair is too hard.
4. He is ______patient. He can’t wait for others for 5 minutes.
5. The story is ______interesting. I fell asleep while reading it.
三、写作主题词专项练习(贴合文档 DIY / 手工场景)
(一)根据句意补全句子(每空 1 分,共 6 分)
1. Our school held an art festival last week, and I joined the ______(DIY 比赛).
2. I used ______(废旧材料)like old cardboard and buttons to make my work.
3. First, I ______(准备)the materials for my DIY doll.
4. Then, I ______(粘贴)the buttons to the old glove as the doll’s eyes.
5. After two hours, I finally ______(完成)my DIY work.
6. I felt ______(自豪的)when my teacher praised my creative work.
(二)用写作主题词造句(每句 2 分,共 4 分)
1. (recycled material)________________________________________________
2. (feel proud of)___________________________________________________
8AU4 词汇配套练习答案
一、高频词专项练习答案
(一)根据中文释义 / 音标写单词
1. tools 2. instructions 3. dangerous 4. fingers 5. reduce
2. power cut 7. brush 8. mess
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空
1. makes 2. put 3. cut 4. Fold 5. filled 6. tidy 7. is crazy about
二、易错词专项练习答案
(一)句子改错
1. shelf → shelves 2. brush → brushes 3. unpossible → impossible
2. mix up them → mix them up 5. inlucky → unlucky
(二)选择正确的否定前缀填空
1. in-(incorrect) 2. im-(impolite) 3. un-(uncomfortable)
2. im-(impatient) 5. un-(uninteresting)
三、写作主题词专项练习答案
(一)根据句意补全句子
1. DIY competition 2. recycled materials 3. prepared 4. stuck 5. completed 6. proud
(二)用写作主题词造句(示例)
1. I made a cute pencil box with recycled materials from old boxes.(我用旧盒子里的废旧材料做了一个可爱的铅笔盒。)
2. I feel proud of my DIY work because it won the first prize.(我为我的 DIY 作品感到自豪,因为它赢得了一等奖。)

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