Unit 6 Earth first Using language 课件(共21张PPT)外研版(2019)必修第二册

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Unit 6 Earth first Using language 课件(共21张PPT)外研版(2019)必修第二册

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(共21张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
Grammar
-ing and -ed as complement
Review :非谓语的基本概念
方法1:用并列连词连接两个句子。
1. I am a student, I love science.
一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词。
方法2:找到句子的从属关系,使用主从句。
方法3:非谓语。
I am a student, and I love science.
Because I am a student, I love science.
Being a student, I love science.
I am a student who loves science.
谓语动词-受到主语的限制
表示动作的时间
表示动作的状态(体)
表示动作的假设、情感等
非谓语动词-不受主语的限制
1.不反映时态,但反映与谓语动作的先后关系。
2.只可能出现在剩下的非核心部分中。
总结
1.She wrote a letter yesterday.
(一般过去时)
2. She is writing a letter now.
(进行体,强调动作进行中)
3.If she were here, she would help.
(虚拟语气,表假设)
1. Having finished her homework, she went out.
(现在分词完成式,表动作先后)
句子的核心
非谓语的形式
主动形式 作用 被动形式
to do 目的;将来 to be done
doing 动名词
being done
现在分词:主动;进行 done 过去分词:被动;完成 done
非谓语动词句法功能
非谓语 动词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾补 状语
不定式 (to do)n/adj./adv.
动名词 (doing)n.
现在分词(doing)adj./adv.
过去分词(done) adj./adv.
非谓语动词的功能总结
非谓语动词可充当除谓语外的所有句子成分
四、解题思路
在解决非谓语动词题目的时候,同学们可以参考下面的解题思路。
1、分析句子成分,看空格处要填的是谓语还是非谓语。
2、找它的逻辑主语,看空格处填的非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动,还是将要发生/表目的。
3、看非谓语动词发生的时间。
4. 考察固定搭配。
注意:句子分为两部分,中间用逗号隔开,设空在逗号前,通常考查非谓语动词作状语;设空在逗号后,通常考查的是非谓语动词作状语或定语。
非谓语动词
——现在分词/过去分词
-补语
在英语中,有些动词若只带一个宾语,句子的意义还很不完整,须另带一个成分来说明宾语的情况或状态,这个成分叫作宾语补足语,简称宾补。作宾补的一般有:名词、形容词、动词不定式及动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式,介词短语,副词等。
They elected him president. (他们选他当总统。)
The news made her happy. (这个消息让她高兴。)
She asked me to help her. (她请我帮忙。)
I heard someone knocking at the door. (我听见有人在敲门。)
I had my hair cut yesterday. (我昨天理发了。)
We found the cat under the table. (我们发现猫在桌子底下。)
She asked him in. (她让他进来。)
1.Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a. We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
b. It made people frightened of sharks,...
1 In sentence(a),who is swimming at night
2 In sentence(b),who is frightened of sharks
3 Why does the author choose to use different forms of verbs in the two sentences
In sentence(a),a woman is swimming at night.
In sentence(b),people are frightened of sharks.
In sentence(a),a woman is swimming. In other words,the woman does the action of swimming. So the author uses -ing. But in sentence(b),people are frightened. So the author uses -ed.
1.现在分词作宾语补足语
现在分词作宾语补足语时,表示正在进行或经常存在的状态。宾语与宾补是主动关系。其主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语:1.位于感官动词后 2.位于使役动词后
3.或位于 with 的复合结构中
(1)位于感官动词后,如 see,watch,hear,feel, smell,find,listen to,look at,notice,observe 等。表示动作正在进行。
I saw a man running across the street. (我看见一个男人跑过马路。)
He watched his dog chasing its tail. (他看着他的狗追自己的尾巴。)
I heard someone knocking at the door. (我听见有人在敲门。)
She felt her heart beating faster. (她感觉心跳加速。)
I smelled something burning in the kitchen. (我闻到厨房里有东西烧焦了。)
I found him sleeping on the sofa. (我发现他在沙发上睡着了。)
I noticed a stranger standing near my car. (我注意到一个陌生人站在我的车旁边。)
注意:感官动词 see,watch,hear,observe ,notice等后跟 doing 作宾补时,表示动作正在进行;后跟 do 作宾补时,表示动作的全过程。
I saw him crossing the street. (我看见他正在过马路。)
→ 强调“正在穿过”的过程。
I saw him cross the street. (我看见他过了马路。)
→ 强调“从一边到另一边”的完整动作。
She noticed a man standing near her car.
她注意到一个男人正站在她的车旁边。)
→ 强调“站”的状态。
She noticed a man enter the building.
(她注意到一个男人进了大楼。)
→ 强调“进入”的完整动作。
(2)位于使役动词后,如 keep,have,get,leave,
set,catch 等。表示“使处于某种状态”
The teacher kept the students reading for an hour.
(老师让学生们持续读了一小时。)
He had us laughing all night with his jokes.
(他的笑话让我们笑了一整晚。)
The music got everyone dancing.
(音乐让所有人都跳起舞来。)
Don’t leave the water running.
(别让水一直流着。)
(3)用于with复合结构中(with+宾语+宾补)
With the rain falling heavily, we stayed indoors.
(大雨倾盆,我们待在室内。)
With the dog barking outside, I couldn’t sleep.
(狗在外面叫,我睡不着。)
With the sun rising slowly, the fog began to disappear.
(随着太阳缓缓升起,雾气开始消散。)
With the baby crying loudly, the mother couldn't answer the phone.
(因为婴儿在大哭,妈妈没法接电话。)
2 过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾补说明宾语的性质或状态,宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系。其主要用于以下三类动词后作宾语补足语:
感官动词、使役动词、表示希望及要求类的动词。
(1)常用在感觉或心理状态的动词 watch,see,hear,
notice,feel,find 等的后面作宾语补足语。表示该动作与宾语之间是被动关系或该动作已完成。
I heard my name called in the crowd.
(我听见人群中有人叫我的名字。)
She saw the old building demolished by workers.
(她看着那座旧建筑被工人们拆除。)
We felt the ground shaken by the earthquake.
(我们感到地面被地震震动了。)
He noticed the documents signed by the manager.
(他注意到文件已经被经理签署了。)
(2)用于表示“使”或某种状态的动词make, keep,leave,
catch等的宾语后面。
She kept the door locked all night.
(她让门整晚都锁着。)
The boss had the report rewritten by his assistant.
(老板让助理重写了报告。)
They got the car repaired at the garage.
(他们在修车厂把车修好了。)
(3)用在 want,wish,like,expect,order 等表示
“希望、愿望、命令”的动词的后面作宾语补足语。表示命令或希望某件事被完成。
She wants her hair cut short.
(她想把头发剪短。)
The teacher ordered the homework submitted by Friday.
(老师命令作业必须在周五前提交。)
They wished the problem solved as soon as possible.
(他们希望问题尽快解决。)
(4)“have/get+ sth + done”表示“使某事被做 (让别人做
或主语自己做)”或“遭遇某种不幸”。
I had my laptop fixed at the store.
(我在店里修好了笔记本电脑。)
He had his passport stolen during the trip.
(他在旅行期间护照被偷了。)
We got the roof damaged by the storm.
(暴风雨把我们的屋顶损坏了。)
影片讲述在著名的海洋哺乳类动物专家的带领下,一群动物保护人士冒着生命危险、突破重重阻碍走进了这一海湾,深入现场,记录下大量海豚被日本人屠杀的血腥场面。
1.Here, you can see dramatic landscapes changing from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers.
2.In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland damaged by human activity.
3.This includes keeping the original environment untouched, …

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