资源简介

(共40张PPT)
名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
名词性从句
Noun Clauses
表语从句(Predicative Clause)
主语从句(Subject Clause)
宾语从句(Object Clause)
同位语从句(Appositive Clause)
We haven‘t decided where we should go to
spend our holiday.
Where we should go to spend our holiday hasn't been decided.
The question where we should go to spend our holiday hasn't been decided.
The question is where we should go to spend our holiday.
where
Where
where
where
宾语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
动词/介词/be adj.
系动词
谓语动词
名词
4.They had to face the fact that the nearest station is 30 miles away.
1Where he once lived is well preserved.
2.The mystery is whether he ever went there at all.
3.Nobady can tell when she will arrive.
宾语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
引导词
连接代词
that
whether, if
what, which, who, whom, whose
where, when, why, how
连词
无意义
不充当成分
主/宾/表/定
连接副词
状语
是否
什么
什么时候
哪一个(些)
谁
谁的
什么地方
为什么
怎样
主格
宾格
做题步骤
①一找
②二查
③三选
从句
缺少什么成分
意思适合的引导词
4.The ending of the story is ____ they got married and led a happy life.
5.______ I met her at the first sight, I fell in love with her.
6.I knew she is the right person ______ I was waiting for and I decided to chase after her.
1._________ she will marry me has not been decided yet.
2.It has not been known ____ she will marry.
3.I haven’t known the decision ________ she will marry me.
When
whom
Whether
whether
that
Who
When I met her at the first sight, I fell in love with her.
At that time, I knew she is the right person whom I was waiting for and I decided to chase after her.
I was nervous before I took action.
One day I decided to make a proposal.
Whether she will marry me has not been decided yet.
It has not been known whether she will marry me.
I have not known whether she will marry me.
The ending of the story is that they got married and led a happy life.
引导词
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
形式主语 & 形式宾语
同位语和定语从句的区别
特殊名词(doubt)的名词性从句
考点归纳
that和what
if和whether
that省略的情况
疑问词与疑问词+ “ever ”
what与that的用法区别
What he said makes me happy.
That a new teacher will come is true .
①连接代词 ②“什么“
③在从句中作宾语
①连词②无意义③不作成分④在宾语从句中有时可省
1. _____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A. It B. This C. What D. As
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remembered the story, believe it or
not, ___ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
3. ______ you said yesterday is right.
4. ______ she is still alive is a consolation.
What
That
what与that的用法区别
1. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.
2. He hasn’t made the decision if he will go there.
3. The question is if he himself will be present at the
meeting.
whether
whether
Whether
主语/表语/同位语从句中表示“是否”, 必须用whether (主语从句中,it 作形式主语时,可用if )
whether与if的用法区别
宾语从句中一般情况下whether与if 可以通用，但在以下情况下不能用if , 只能用whether：
1. 介词后
2.其后有or (not)
3.其后跟不定式
Practise:
1. It depends on _______ they will support us.
2. We didn’t know _______ or not she was ready.
3.He doesn’t know _______ to stay or leave.
whether
whether
whether
whether与if的用法区别
选用whether或if填空
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. ___________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know __________ he is well or not.
whether/if
Whether
whether
whether
whether与if的用法区别
that省略的情况
1. 在 ___________________ 从句中，that不可省略
主语、同位语、表语
2.在宾语从句通常可以省略，但在下面几种情况下，that不可省略
②it作形式宾语
①从第二个并列宾语从句开始不可省略
③作介词宾语
☆ (1) He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
(2) He is different from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.
☆ He said that the meeting was very important and that we should take part in it.
☆ I think it necessary that we should increase our awareness of environmental protection.
（it作形式宾语）
（从第二个并列宾语从句开始不可省略）
（作介词宾语）
that省略的情况
疑问词与疑问词+ “ever ”的区别
____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who
2. ___ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
疑问词表示特指确定的某个人或事物，有疑问意义；而“疑问词+ever”不是特指确定的某个人或事物，不含有疑问意义，两者都可引导名词性从句。
no matter +疑问词 只能引导状语从句，疑问词+ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句。
1. No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.
2. Whoever destroys the forest will be punished .
Which sentence is right
√
注意
疑问词与疑问词+ “ever ”的区别
1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )
How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )
2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？
Could you tell me where he lives ( )
Could you tell me where does he live ( )
名词性从句一定要用陈述语序
F
F
T
T
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
主语+谓语
1.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_____
A. where is the party to be held
B. where the party is to be held
C. if a party is to be held
D. whether is a party to be held
2.I’d like to know ___________ to her.
A. what do you think has happened
B. do you think what has happened
C. what you think has happened
D. you think what has happened
★
★
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：order, command
三个建议：suggest, advise, propose
四个要求：demand, require, ask, desire
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
含有名词性从句的句子中，主句中含有“建议、命令、要求”的语气时，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语用(should) do
He suggested that I (should) stick to my decision.
It is suggested that I (should) stick to my decision.
The suggestion is that I (should) stick to my decision.
He agreed with the suggestion that I (should) stick
to my decision.
He ordered that the work ___ right away.
A. should finish
B. finished
C. would be finished
D. be finished
★
1.The law requires that everyone _____ for his education.
A. pays B. paid C. will pay D. pay
2.she insists that she right. (be)
she insisted that I the work at once. (finish)
3.These facts suggest that he an honest man.
★
is
should finish
is
主句和从句时态要一致
I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
宾语从句
主句是现在的时态
实际情况而定
主句是过去的时态
用相对应的过去的某种时态
当从句是客观真理/定义/公理/定理时用一般现在时
I knew who lived here.
He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.
He said that he had seen it .
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
1. Did you hear _________
what did I do
what I said
C. I said what
D. what I say
2. Can you tell me ______
A. what's the matter with him
B. what the matter with him is
C. what happened with him
D. what with him happened
★
★
单个主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用 ，但what引导的主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词是连系动词，那主句的谓语动词 。
What I need money. (be)
What I need books. (be)
That they will go certain. (be)
is
is
are
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
主语从句
单数
看表语
两个或两个以上主语从句用and来连接，谓语动词用复数。
When they will start and where they will go _____ (have) not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will be held
_____(have) not been decided yet.
有两个或两个以上的引导词来引导一个主语从句，指同一件事，谓语动词用单数。
have
has
语序 & 语气 & 时态 & 人称
主语从句
考点5 it作形式主语或形式宾语
翻译句子：
1. 他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。
___________________________ is a pity .
2. 他来不来不重要。
________________________ doesn’t matter.
That he made such a mistake
Whether he will come or not
= It is a pity that he made such a mistake.
= It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
it 作形式主语
It is +adj. (eg. natural/strange etc.)+that…
2. It is + n. (eg. a shame/pity, no wonder, a fact) +that…
3. It is+said/reported/known/believed/thought/proved
+that…
4. It seems/appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurs to sb that… 发生……不好的事情
考点5 it作形式主语或形式宾语
it 用作形式主语的句子常出现于下列句型中：
It + be + 过去分词(known /said / reported / believed / suggested / proved / announced ...)+ that 从句
It is + adj. (important, necessary, certain, clear, natural, strange, obvious, impossible, likely, possible) + that 从句
It is + n.(a pity, a fact, good news, a wonder, an honour, a shame) + that 从句
It + 不及物动词 (seems, happened, appears, turns out) + that 从句
2. it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容, 常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make + it + if 或when从句
it 作形式宾语
1. make/find/feel/consider/think it + adj./n. + that … / to do …
I hate it when people laugh at the disabled.
改错：I’ve got to make clear that he told a lie.
I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear
and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
3. 他发现很难使别人理解他.
He found _________________________________.
it difficult to make himself understood
随堂练
it
that 引导同位语从句时, 起连词的作用, 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分, 一般不能省略。

1. 意义不同
定语从句是 ____________ 的从句, 它与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。
同位语从句是 ___________，是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明。
2. 引导词不同
that 引导定语从句时，作为关系代词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等，作宾语时可以省略。
考点7 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
形容词性
名词性从句
We expressed the hope_______ they would come to
China again.
2. We expressed the hope____________ they had
expressed.
3. The idea _________ computers can recognize human
voices surprises many people.
4. The idea __________he gave surprises many people.
(that在从句中不充当任何成份)
(that/which在从句中作express的宾语)
that
(that/which)
that
(that在从句中不充当任何成份)
(that/which)
(that/which在从句中作gave的宾语)
完成句子
I read a report last night. It says _________ a lot of people died in a traffic accident. But I forget _________ the accident happened last Sunday. _________ astonished me most is __________ some babies lost their lives. However, I don't know ___________ the government has taken some measures to deal with it. In my opinion, the accident has taught us a lesson __________we should obey the traffic rules.
that
where
What
that
whether/if
that
Finish the passage
1. That she wants to know is when the party will be held.
2. He will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. No matter who did it should be responsible for it.
4. If the meeting will be held this afternoon is not known yet.
5. I don’t care what do they think of me.
6. The reason why he was late was because he was caught in a traffic
jam.
7. I doubt that he has the ability to do it well.
8. After that seemed a long time, he came to himself.
9. He said he was wrong and he wanted to make an apology to us.
10.He expressed his hope he would visit China again.
Correct the following sentences: (work in pairs )
1.That she wants to know is when the party will be held .
2. He will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. No matter who did it should be responsible for it .
4. If the meeting will be held this afternoon is not known yet.
5. I don’t care what do they think of me .
Correct the following sentences:
What
That he
Whoever
Whether
6. The reason why he was late was because he was caught in
a traffic jam.
7. I doubt that he has the ability to do it well.
8. After that seemed a long time, he came to himself.
9. He said he was wrong and he wanted to make an apology to us.
10. He expressed his hope he would visit China again.
that
that
that
what
whether
表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote 表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order 表示“主张”的：maintain, urge 表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist

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