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Unit 2 基础知识背诵 练习 2025-2026学年外研版英语（2024）八年级上册
Understanding ideas
生词
shout / a t/ v. 大声说，喊叫，呼喊
gate /ɡe t/ n. 大门
build /b ld/ v. 建造，盖；造
since /s ns/ prep. 自从……以来；自从……之后
nor /n / conj. 也不
hole /h l/ n. 洞，孔
glad /ɡl d/ adj. 高兴的，开心的
knock /n k/ v. 敲门（窗）
knock down 摧毁，拆毁
afraid / fre d/ adj. 害怕的，恐惧的
message / mes d / n. （电影、书籍、讲话等的）要旨，主题思想，寓意
double / d b l/ adj. 双倍的，两倍的
understanding / nd st nd / n. 理解
return /r t n/ v. 返回，回来，回去
lively / la vli/ adj. 充满活力的，生气勃勃的
theirs / e z/ pron. 他们的, 她们的
grade /ɡre d/ n. 年级
article / ɑ t k l/ n. (报刊的)文章
priceless / pra sl s/ adj. 极其贵重的;无价的
offer / f / v. 提供,给予
plan /pl n/ v. 计划
quite /kwa t/ adv. 很;较为
stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑的,紧张的,无法放松的
recently / ri s ntli/ adv. 最近,近来,不久前
online / nla n/ adv. 从网上,在网上
allow / la / v. 使有可能;允许,容许,准许
Developing ideas
生词
ticket / t k t/ n. 票,入场券
true /tru / adj. 真正的
respect /r spekt/ v. 尊重,顾及
narrow / n r / adj. 狭窄的
lane /le n/ n. ……巷(常用于路名中)
unit / ju n t/ n. (计量用的)单位
perhaps /p h ps/ adv. 可能,大概,也许
argue / ɑ ɡju / v. 争论,争吵
divide /d va d/ v. (把……)分开
dividing line 分界线,界限
reach /ri t / v. 实现,达成
agreement / ɡri m nt/ n. (意见的)一致,相合
relative / rel t v/ n. 家人,亲戚
government / ɡ v nm nt/ n. 政府
poem / p m/ n. 诗;韵文
inside / n sa d/ adv. 在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面
neighbour / ne b / n. 邻居,邻人
act / kt/ n. 行为,行动,动作,举动
pass /pɑ s/ v. 过去,流逝
whenever /wen ev / conj. 每当
词形变化
build(v. 建造,盖;造) → built(过去式)
understand(v. 理解) + -ing(名词后缀) → understanding(n. 理解)
life(n. 活力,生命力)fe 变 ve + -ly(形容词后缀) → lively(adj. 充满活力的,生气勃勃的)
their(形容词性物主代词 他们的,她们的) → theirs(名词性物主代词 他们的,她们的)
price(n. 价格,价钱) + -less(表否定的形容词后缀) → priceless(adj. 极其贵重的;无价的)
stress(n. 压力,紧张) + -ed(形容词后缀) → stressed(adj. 焦虑的,紧张的,无法放松的)
recent(adj. 最近的,近来的) + -ly(副词后缀) → recently(adv. 最近,近来,不久前)
agree(v. 同意,赞成) + -ment(名词后缀) → agreement[n.(意见的)一致,相合]
常考句型
1. It is a large garden with soft, green grass. 这是一个很大的花园,里面有着柔软的绿草。
2. The Giant has been away for a long time. 巨人已经离开很长时间了。
3. There are no birds or flowers. 没有鸟儿，也没有花朵。
4. Autumn gives golden fruit to every other garden. But it gives none to the Giant’s garden. 秋天给其他花园带来了金黄的果实，但巨人的花园什么都没有。
5. One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. 一天早上，巨人突然听到鸟儿在歌唱。
6. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木开心得浑身都开满了花。
7. “Fear not, little ones,” the Giant says. “别怕，小家伙们，”巨人说。
8. Sharing has made me feel happy for the past four years. 在过去的四年里，分享让我感到快乐。
9. Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there. 自那时起，几百年过去了，这条巷子依然存在。
10. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness. 每当他们走过这条巷子，就会想起善意如何激发更多的善意。
练习题
类型一：单词释义匹配 (Definition Matching)
将单词或短语与其中文释义正确匹配。
1. shout
2. gate
3. since
4. glad
5. knock down
6. priceless
7. offer
8. allow
9. respect
10. agreement
A. 摧毁
B. 无价的
C. 尊重
D. 允许
E. 大门
F. 提供
G. 大声喊叫
H. 一致
I. 高兴的
J. 自从
类型二：词形转换 (Word Form Transformation)
根据括号内的提示，用单词的适当形式填空。
1. They __________ (build) a new school in the village last year.
2. Good __________ (understand) between parents and children is very important.
3. The children are singing and dancing __________ (lively) in the park.
4. This is our classroom. Where is __________ (their)
5. The help he gave me is __________ (price). I will remember it forever.
6. She felt very __________ (stress) before the big exam.
7. I haven't seen him __________ (recent). Is he on holiday
8. After a long discussion, they finally reached an __________ (agree).
9. It's important to show __________ (respectful) to the elderly.
10. The little boy told the __________ (true) about the broken window.
类型三：短语填空 (Phrase Filling)
用方框内短语的适当形式填空。
`knock down`, `hundreds of`, `since then`, `be away`, `fear not`, `divide...into...`, `reach an agreement`, `for a long time`, `give...to...`, `walk down`
1. The old house will be ________________ to make way for a new road.
2. ________________ people visited the museum on the free day.
3. ________________, the two families have become good friends.
4. My father has ________________ on business. I miss him very much.
5. ________________, children. I will help you find your way home.
6. The teacher ________________ the class ________________ four groups.
7. After talking for hours, they finally ________________.
8. The Giant had been away ________________.
9. Please ________________ this book ________________ your sister when you see her.
10. I like to ________________ the quiet lane and enjoy the peace.
类型四：单项选择 (Multiple Choice)
1. Don't ______ at the old man. It's not polite.
A. shout
B. offer
C. allow
D. respect
2. The garden has been beautiful ______ the children started playing in it.
A. whenever
B. since
C. perhaps
D. nor
3. The Giant was very ______ to see the children playing in his garden again.
A. afraid
B. stressed
C. glad
D. narrow
4. The friendship between them is ______. Money can't buy it.
A. quite
B. priceless
C. true
D. lively
5. The school does not ______ students to use mobile phones in class.
A. offer
B. allow
C. plan
D. return
6. We should ______ our parents and teachers.
A. argue
B. divide
C. respect
D. pass
7. ______ they meet, they smile at each other.
A. Since
B. Perhaps
C. Whenever
D. Recently
8. The two brothers often ______ about small things.
A. offer
B. act
C. argue
D. reach
9. Time ______ quickly when you are having fun.
A. passes
B. returns
C. reaches
D. allows
10. He ______ to visit his relatives next week.
A. is plan
B. plans
C. is planning
D. Both B and C
类型五：完成句子 (Sentence Completion)
根据中文提示，完成句子。
1. 这是一个有着高大树木的花园。
It is a garden ________________________.
2. 巨人已经离开七年了。
The Giant ________________________ for seven years.
3. 花园里没有孩子，也没有鸟儿。
There are ________________________ children ________________________ birds in the garden.
4. 分享让我在过去几年里感到快乐。
________________________ me feel happy for the past few years.
5. 每当他们走过这条巷子，就会想起这个故事。
________________________ they walk down the lane, they remember the story.
6. 老师把蛋糕分成了八块。
The teacher ________________________ the cake ________________________ eight pieces.
7. 他们最终达成了一致。
They finally ________________________.
8. 别怕，我会帮你。
________________________, I will help you.
9. 他主动提出要帮我学习英语。
He ________________________ me with my English.
10. 成百上千的人读了这篇文章。
________________________ people have read the article.
类型六：同义句转换 (Sentence Transformation)
根据要求改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
1. The Giant returned after seven years. (用is back改写)
The Giant ________________________ after seven years.
2. There are no flowers in the garden. There are no birds in the garden. (用or合并句子)
There are no ________________________ in the garden.
3. The trees are very glad. They cover themselves with flowers. (用so...that...合并句子)
The trees are ________________________ they have covered themselves with flowers.
4. He said to the children, "Don't be afraid." (用fear not改写)
He said to the children, "________________________."
5. It has been hundreds of years from that time until now. The lane is still there. (用since then合并句子)
________________________, and the lane is still there.
6. My parents don't allow me to play online games. (用not allowed改写)
I ________________________ play online games.
7. This is their garden. (用theirs改写)
This garden ________________________.
8. We argued for a long time. Finally, we agreed with each other. (用reach an agreement改写)
We argued for a long time before we finally ________________________.
9. Autumn doesn't give any fruit to the Giant's garden. (用none改写)
Autumn gives ________________________ to the Giant's garden.
10. He heard the birds. They were singing. (用hear sb doing合并句子)
He ________________________.
答案
类型一：单词释义匹配
1. G
2. E
3. J
4. I
5. A
6. B
7. F
8. D
9. C
10. H
类型二：词形转换
1. built
2. understanding
3. lively
4. theirs
5. priceless
6. stressed
7. recently
8. agreement
9. respect
10. truth
类型三：短语填空
1. knocked down
2. Hundreds of
3. Since then
4. been away
5. Fear not
6. divided; into
7. reached an agreement
8. for a long time
9. give; to
10. walk down
类型四：单项选择
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. C
9. A
10. D
类型五：完成句子
1. with tall trees
2. has been away
3. no; or
4. Sharing has made
5. Whenever
6. divided; into
7. reached an agreement
8. Fear not
9. offered to help
10. Hundreds of
类型六：同义句转换
1. is back
2. flowers or birds
3. so glad that
4. Fear not
5. Hundreds of years have passed since then
6. am not allowed to
7. is theirs
8. reached an agreement
9. none
10. heard the birds singing

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