资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Unit 3
Same or
Different
Section A
单词讲解
compare
/k m'pe (r)/
v. 比较；对比
comparison n. eg: make a comparison
It’s helpful to compare different methods. → Making a comparison between methods is helpful.
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
compare A with B 将A与B对比（找差异）
compare A to B 将A比作B（强调相似）
compared to/with 与……相比（介词短语）
1. (2022 北京) ______ ancient poets, life ______ a river that keeps flowing.
A. Compared with; is compared to
B. Comparing to; compares with
C. Compared to; is compared with
2. (2020 南京) My bike is newer than his.（改为同义句）
→ Compared with his bike, mine is newer.

shy
/ ai/
adj. 害羞的
shyness n. overcome shyness（克服害羞）
shyly adv. smile shyly（羞涩地微笑）
adj. shyer→ shyest
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
be shy 害羞
a shy smile/look 羞涩的微笑/表情
too shy to do sth 因害羞而不敢做某事
1. (2024 上海模拟) Lucy is a ______ girl who rarely speaks in class, but she sings beautifully in the choir.
A. lazy B. shy C. outgoing D. brave
2. (2023 北京) Her face turned red with ______ when she was praised. (shy)
3. (2022 广州) Tom doesn’t dare to join the competition because he is timid.
→ Tom is too shy to join the competition.
shyness

lazy
/ leizi/
adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
laziness n. overcome laziness（克服懒惰）
lazily adv. lie lazily（懒洋洋地躺着）
adj. lazier → laziest
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
be lazy 懒惰
a lazy afternoon 闲散的下午
too lazy to do sth 懒得做某事（高频！）
1. (2024 广州) Although Mike is smart, he often fails exams because of his ______ attitude toward study.
A. honest B. lazy C. outgoing D. careful
2. (2023 北京) His ____________ led to the project’s delay. (lazy)
3. (2022 上海) My brother doesn’t want to do any housework because he hates working.
→ My brother is too lazy to do any housework.
B
laziness
loud
/ha d/
adv. 响亮地
adj. 大声的
loudness n. control the loudness（控制音量）
loudly plain loudly（大声抱怨）
adj. louder → loudest
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
loud noise 巨大的噪音
laugh out loud (LOL) 大笑（网络用语高频）
read aloud 朗读（≠ read loud）
1. (2024 上海) The baby cried ______ when she lost her toy.
A. loud B. louder C. loudly D. loudness
2. (2023 北京) The ________ of the thunder scared the dog. (loud)
3. (2022 广州) "Please speak in a high voice," the teacher said.(同义句转换）
→ The teacher asked us to _________________.
C
loudness
speak louder
outgoing / a tɡ nɡ/
adj. 外向的
outgoingness n. show outgoingness（展现外向）
outgoingly adv. behave outgoingly（行为外向）
adj. more outgoing → the most outgoing
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
be outgoing 性格外向
an outgoing personality 外向的性格
friendly and outgoing 友善且外向
1. (2024 北京) Sarah is very ______ — she joined three clubs and made friends everywhere.
A. lazy B. outgoing C. serious D. quiet
2. (2023 上海) Her _____________ makes her a great team leader. (outgoing)
3. (2021 南京) As the ______ member, she organized all the activities.
A. outgoing B. most outgoing C. more outgoing
B
outgoing
B
hard-working / hɑ d w k /
adj. 勤奋的
hard work n. 辛苦的工作
hard worker n. 努力的工人
adj. more hard-working → the most hard-working
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
be hard-working 勤奋的
a hard-working student 勤奋的学生
diligent and hard-working 勤勉且努力
1. (2024 北京) Though not the smartest, Lucy became top of her class because she was extremely ______.
A. lazy B. hard-working C. shy D. outgoing
2. (2023 上海) Her _____________ finally led to a scholarship. (hard-working)
3. (2021 南京) As the ______ student, she studies 10 hours a day.
A. hard-working B. hardest-working C. most hard-working
B
hard work
C
perform
/p f m/
v. 表演；执行
performance n. 表演；表现；性能
performative adj. 表演性的
performer n. 表演者
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
perform well/badly 表现好/差
perform a task 执行任务
perform an operation 做手术
1. —Don’t be so rude. You should ________ like a gentleman.
—Sorry. I will be more polite.
A. perform B. behave C. provide D. consider
2. The doctor’s successful ________________ (perform) saved the patient.
B
performance
solve
/s lv/
v. 解决；解答
solution n. 解决问题的方法
solved adj. 已解决的
solvable adj. 可解决的
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
solve a problem ：解决问题 eg: He solved the problem quickly.
the solution to ：…… 的解决方法 eg: What’s the solution to the problem
work out（通过计算或努力解决）; deal with（处理事务）
1. —How much difficulty did Lucy have ______ this problem
—______. She's a good problem solver.
A. to solve; Nothing B. solving; None
C. to solve; None D. solving; Nothing
B
have diffculty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。
flute
/flu t/
n. 长笛
violin / va l n/ n. 小提琴 organ / ɡ n/ n. 手风琴
guitar /ɡ tɑ r/ n. 吉他 drums /dr ms/ n. 鼓
ukulele / ju ku le li / n. 尤克里里 piano /pi no / n. 钢琴
trumpet / tr mp t/ n. 小号
★相关词汇
★常见搭配
★真题演练
play the flute吹长笛
He practices playing the flute every day.（他每天练习吹长笛。）
1. (2025年湖北省随州市曾都区八角楼教联体多校联考中考二模英语试题)The teacher told the students to play the flute.（老师告诉学生们吹长笛。）
2. (2025年辽宁中考英语二轮复习) Other main instruments in Kunqu include the flute.（昆曲中的主要乐器包括长笛。）
congratulation /k n gr t u le n/
n. 祝贺；恭喜
congratulate：/k n ɡr t le t/ v. 祝贺；祝福
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
congratulations on... 祝贺……
例句：Congratulations on your winning the competition!（祝贺你在比赛中获胜！）
congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事而祝贺某人。
例句：We congratulated him on his new job.（我们祝贺他得到了新工作。）
congratulate oneself on... 为自己……而感到自豪。
例句：He congratulated himself on his good luck.（他为自己运气好而感到自豪。）
1. We should _____________ him on his success.（congratulate）
2. ______________ on your passing the exam!（congratulate）
3. She _________________ herself on her excellent performance.（congratulate）
congratulate
Congratulations
congratulated
prize
/pra z/
n. 奖；奖励
prize /pra z/ n. 奖品、奖金; v. 重视、珍视
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
win/receive a prize 赢得/获得奖品。 eg: She won the Best Student prize this year.（她今年获得了最佳学生的奖品。）
prize for... ……的奖品。 eg: There is a special prize for the best performer.（有一个特别奖品给最佳表演者。）
1. (2023年某地中考真题) He received a special ________ for saving the child.（prize）
2. (2024年某地中考真题) The school awarded her a scholarship for her excellent grades.（奖品/奖金）
prize：通常指竞赛或比赛中的奖励，更侧重于获得的物品或荣誉。
award：更正式，通常指由权威机构或委员会授予的荣誉或奖励，强调授予的过程。
He won the first prize in the competition.（他在比赛中获得了一等奖。）/ She received an award for her outstanding contribution to science.（她因对科学的杰出贡献而获得了一个奖项。）
attend
/ tend/
v. 参加；出席
attend / tend/ v. 出席、参加、定期去（学校、教堂等）、伴随、注意
attendance / tend ns/ n. 出席、出席人数、出席率
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
attend a meeting 参加会议
attend school/class 上学/上课
attend to sb./sth. 照顾某人/处理某事
attend on/upon sb. 侍候、照顾某人。
1. (2023年某地中考真题) He didn’t ________ the meeting yesterday.（attend）
2. (2024年某地中考真题) All the students ________ the lecture on history.（attend）
3. (2025年某地中考模拟题) She often ________ to her sick mother.（attend）
attend
attended
attends
as ... as ...
像……一样……
as + 原级形容词/副词 + as 和……一样
not as/so + 原级 + as 不如……
as + 原级 + as possible 尽可能……的
倍数词 + as ... as 表示倍数关系
★语法功能
★常见搭配
★真题演练
as soon as 一……就……
as long as 只要
as far as I know 据我所知
as much/many as 多达……
1. — Is Lucy’s painting ______ her brother’s — Yes, she paints ______ him.
A. as good as; as well as B. as well as; as good as
2. The new bridge is ______ the old one.
A. three times as long as B. three times longer as
He needs to finish the work. He should be quick. → He needs to finish the work ____________.
as quickly as possible


besides
/bi sa dz/
prep. 除……之外（还）
adv. 而且
prep. 除……之外（还）Besides English, he speaks French. （含英语）
adv. 而且 The book is cheap; besides, it’s useful. （补充说明）
★词性转换
★词语辨析
★真题演练
1. We study math, physics, ______ chemistry.
A. besides B. except C. beside
2. The museum is free; ______, it opens on Mondays.
A. except B. besides C. however
词汇 含义 包含性 典型例句
besides 除…外（还有） 包含 Besides apples, I bought pears.
except 除…外（排除） 排除 Everyone came except Tom.
except for 整体中除细节 排除 The essay is good except for spelling.
in addition to 此外（包含） 包含 In addition to singing, she acts.


spare
/spe (r)/
adj. 空闲的；备用的
v. 抽出；拨出
★常见形容词搭配
spare time 空闲时间 Read books in your spare time.
spare key/part 备用钥匙/零件 Keep a spare key in your pocket.
spare room 备用房间 We have a spare room for guests.
spare + 时间/金钱 抽出（时间/金钱） Could you spare some money for charity
spare sth. for sb. 为某人分出某物 She spared food for the stray cat.
spare no effort/pains 不遗余力 Doctors spare no effort to save lives.
have...to spare 有多余的…… We have 20 minutes to spare. （
★常见动词搭配
spare
/spe (r)/
adj. 空闲的；备用的
v. 抽出；拨出
★中考真题综合演练
题型1：语法单选
1. (2023 北京) — I locked myself out! — Use my ______ key.
A. spare B. free C. safe
2. (2022 上海) Doctors ______ to save the patient.
A. spared no effort B. had no time C . made mistakes
题型2：用 spare 的正确形式填空
1. We should use water _____________ (spare) to protect resources.
2. He ______ (spare) 2 hours every weekend to tutor his sister.
题型3：同义句转换
1. 原句：I have no free time for parties.
改写：I __________________________ for parties.
2.原句：Try your best to achieve your dream.
改写：___________________ to achieve your dream.


sparingly
节俭地
spares
have no time to spare
Spare no effort
pleasure
/ ple (r)/
n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
1. (2023 广州) —Thank you for fixing my bike! —______. I’m glad to help.
A. With pleasure B. My pleasure C. It’s pleasant
2. (2022 重庆) The park is so ______ that we often go there.
A. pleased B . pleasant C. pleasure
3. (情景对话）A: Could you show me around the museum
B: _______________! Let’s go now.
n. pleasure 愉快；荣幸 It’s a pleasure to help you.
adj. pleasant 令人愉快的 We had a pleasant trip.
adj. pleased 感到高兴的 Mom was pleased with my grades.
v. please 使高兴；请 Please sit down. / The gift pleased her.
It’s a pleasure/my pleasure 回应感谢（“很荣幸”）
with pleasure 愉快地；乐意帮忙
take pleasure in (doing) sth. 以……为乐
for pleasure 为了消遣


With pleasure
have sth in common 有共同之处
★常见搭配
★真题演练
have something in common 有一些共同之处
The two cultures have something in common.
have nothing in common 毫无共同之处
Despite being twins, they have nothing in common.
have...in common with sb 与某人有共同之处
I have much in common with my best friend.
1. —We have many differences, but we also have some things ______.
A. in fact B. in common C. in the same way
2. 完成句子：These two kids ____________________ (有很多共同之处).
have a lot in common
B
appearance / p r ns/
n[C]. 外表；露面
appear v. 出现；显得
disappear v. 消失
reappear v. 再现
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
make an appearance（露面）
keep up appearances（维持体面）
1. The magician made the dove ________ (appear) in a cloud of smoke.
2. She cares too much about her ______________ (appear).
3. There was a worried ______ on his face.
A. appearance B. look C. expression
★近义词辨析
appearance 整体外表/出场行为
Her elegant appearance impressed everyone.
look 表情/暂时状态（可复数）She gave me an angry look.
expression 面部表情 a friendly expression
disappear
appearance
C
personality / p s n l ti/
n. 性格；品质
personality n. [U] 性格特质; [C] 名人；人物
personal adj. 个人的；私人的
personally adv. 亲自；就个人而言
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
develop/shape one's personality 塑造……的性格
personality traits 性格特征
1. Sharing your ____________ (person) experiences can help others.
2. Patience is an important part of one's _____________.
A. personality B. character C. temper
3. As a famous ______, she often appears on talk shows.
A. person B. personality C. personally
★近义词辨析
personality 综合性格（稳定特质）
character 道德品质（侧重德行）
temper 脾气（短暂情绪反应）
personal
B
B
serious
/ s ri s/
adj. 严肃的；严重的
serious adj. 严重的; 严肃的; 认真的
seriously adv. 严重地；认真地
seriousness n.[U] 严重性；严肃性
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
take sb/sth seriously 重视……
Teachers should take students' ideas seriously.（老师应重视学生想法）
1.The teacher warned us about the _______________ (serious) of cheating in exams.
2. He looked _________ (serious) at me and said, "This is important."
3. The ______ earthquake destroyed the city.
A. serious B. severe C. strict
serious 主观认定的严重/严肃； severe 客观程度的严峻/剧烈； strict 要求/规则的严格
seriousness
seriously
B
strength
/stre θ/
n. 优势；力量
strength n. [u]（整体力量）；[c]（strengths 表“优势/长处”）
strong adj. 强壮的；坚固的；强烈的
strengthen v. 加强；巩固（及物动词）
strongly adv. 强烈地；坚定地
★词性转换
★近义词辨析
★真题演练
strength 身体/精神的内在力量或优势
power 能力/权力/物理能量
energy 精力/物理能量（可量化）
1. Regular exercise can make your muscles much __________ (strong).
2. We need to __________ (strength) our teamwork.
3. Tane used all his ______ to separate his parents.
A. power B. strength C. energy
stronger
strengthen

fact
/f kt/
n. 事实；现实
n. [u] 泛指事实概念，无复数形式：Face the fact. [c] 指具体事实（可复数）：scientific facts
同位语从句 The fact that he succeeded inspired us.
固定句型 The fact is (that) + 从句：The fact is that we lack experience.
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★真题演练
in fact 事实上（≈actually）
as a matter of fact 确切地说
work out（通过计算或努力解决）; deal with（处理事务）
1. The story sounds unbelievable, but ______, it happened.
A. in fact B. as a result C. in addition
2. Actually, she knew nothing about the plan.（改为同义句）
→ ______ ______, she knew nothing about the plan.

In fact
slim
/sl m/
adj. 苗条的；薄的
slimly（副词，较少用）：dressed slimly（穿着显瘦）
slimness（名词，抽象概念）：maintain slimness（保持苗条）
slim→ slimmer→ slimmest
★词性转换
★近义词辨析
★真题演练
slim 身材细长，体重轻（男女）
slender 体态优美，苗条适中 （多用于女性）
thin 因病/疲劳消瘦，中性
lean 肌肉结实，健康瘦 （多指男性）
1. My cousin is much ________ (slim) than before after exercising.
2. Shirley is the slimmest girl in her class.（改为同义句）
→ Shirley is _________ than ______ other girl in her class.
3. 用slim/thin/lean填空：
After training, the boy became ______ but strong.
slimmer
slimmer
any
lean
population / p pju le n/
n. 人口
作主语时谓语用单数，修饰词用 large/small（不可用many/ much）
eg: The population of Shanghai is large.
强调部分成员时谓语用复数
eg: Two-thirds of the population are farmers.
询问人口数量：What is the population of...
eg:—What is China's population —It's 1.4 billion.
★核心用法
★常见搭配
★即时练习
population growth 人口增长 population density 人口密度
aging population 老龄化人口
1.The population of China ______ larger than ______ of India.
A. is; it B. are; those C. is; that D. are; that
2. How many people are there in your city （改为同义句）
→ ______ ______ the population of your city
What is

average / v r d /
adj. 平均的；平常的
n. 1. 平均数（C）：An average of 10 students are absent daily.
2. 普通水平（U）：His score is above average.
adj. 1. 平均的（作定语）：the average temperature
2. 普通的（作表语/定语）：an average student
v. 平均为（接数字）：They average 8 hours of sleep.
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
above average 高于平均水平 His math score is above average.
below average 低于平均水平 Rainfall was below average last year.
an average of 平均有…… An average of 20 books are borrowed monthly.
the average of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数（强调查体平均值）：
The average of letters is 300 per month.
an average of + 复数名词 → 谓语用复数（强调个体数量）：
An average of 10 students are late daily.
1.An average of 50 pages was read by the class. （找出本句中的错误）
rainfall
/ re nf :l/
n. 降雨量
rain n. [U]，泛指“雨”；[C]指“一场雨”（a rain）v. 下雨
rainfall n. [U]（整体降雨量）；[C]（rainfalls 强调多次/多地降雨数据）
rainy adj. “多雨的”，描述天气或季节
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
light rain / fine rain 细雨/小雨
heavy rain / downpour / rainstorm 暴雨
the rains 雨季（特指热带雨季）
average/annual rainfall 平均降雨量
1. The ______ in South China is much higher than in North China.
A. rainy B. rain C. rainfall D. raining
2. There was a lot of rain last night. (改为同义句)
→ There was ______ ______ last night.
3. In deserts, ______ is very low, sometimes less than 100mm per year.
A. precipitation 包含雨、雪、冰雹等 B. rainfall C. rainy days
C
heavy rain
B
pleasant
/ pleznt/
adj. 宜人的；友好的
please v. 使高兴；用于祈使句表礼貌请求（“请”）
pleasure n. 快乐；客套用语（回应感谢或请求）
pleased adj. “感到高兴的”，主语为人
pleasant adj. “令人愉快的”，主语为物/场景，强调客观感受
★词性转换
★常见搭配
★即时练习
a pleasant trip/journey (愉快的旅行)
be pleased to do sth (高兴做某事)：We’re pleased to see you.
be pleased with (对...满意)：He was pleased with my work.
be pleased that + 从句：She was pleased that he came.
With pleasure. 很荣幸！—Help me —With pleasure!
1. We spent a __________ day in the park. (pleasant/pleased)
2. —Your painting is excellent!
—_____________. (With pleasure/My pleasure)
3. —Why is Bob silent
—He doesn’t seem ____________. (pleasant/pleased)
pleasant
With pleasure
pleased

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