Unit 1 This is me 知识点清单(含练习与答案)(2份打包)-外研版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 1 This is me 知识点清单(含练习与答案)(2份打包)-外研版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 1 This is me
一、单 词
名 词
birthmark 胎记,胎痣 strawberry 草莓 search寻找;搜寻 disaster灾难,灾祸
wizard 男巫 message 主题思想 bathroom 浴室,卫生间 silver screen 电影业
doubt 怀疑 fear 害怕,恐惧;担 literature 文学;文学作品 second秒
Olympics 奥林匹克运动会,奥运会 value 价值 friendship 友谊 athlete运动员;田径运动员
difference 差别,差异 row一排,一行,一列 height 身高;高,高度 setting(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景
动 词
suppose假设,认为 realize(realise) 知道,明白 underline 在……之下划线 succeed成功,达成
satisfy 使(某人)满意 reach伸;伸手(以触碰或提起某物)
形容词
willing愿意(乐意)(做某事)的 crowded 挤满人(物)的;拥挤的 British 英国的; 英国人的 wise 明智的,明断的
basic 基础的,基本的[新义adj.初级的;必需的] risky 有危险的, 有风险的 impossible 不可能发生的 silver 银制的,银质的
excellent 卓越的;极好的 basic 基础的,基本的[新义adj.初级的;必需的]
副 词
secretly暗自 instead 代替……; 而不是…… therefore 因此,由此,所以 truly 真实地,确实地
代 词 nothing 没有任何东西;没有事
连 词 although虽然,尽管
数 词 zero零[新义n.(气温、压力等的)零度,零点]
单词变形
1.bright(adj.鲜艳的;明亮的)→brightly(adv.明亮地) 2.secretly(adv.暗自;偷偷地,秘密地)→secret (n.秘密;秘诀 adj.秘密的;保密的) 3.crowded(adj.拥挤的,挤满人的)→(反义词)uncrowded(adj.不拥挤的)→crowd(v.挤满) 4.quickly(adv.快地;迅速地)→quick(adj.快的;迅速的) 5.truly(adv.真实地,确实地)→true(adj.真实的)→truth(n.事实,真相) 6.paint[v.绘画;(给……)涂颜料]→painting (n.绘画) 7.difference(n.差别,差异)→different(adj.不同的)→differently(adv.不同地) 8.succeed(v.成功,达成)→success(n.成功)→successful(adj.获得成功地)→successfully(adv.成功地) 9.scientific(ad.科学的;科学上的)→science (n.科学)→scientist(n.科学家) 10.wise(adj.明智的,明断的)→wisely(adv.明智地)→wisdom(n.智慧;才智) 11.height(n.身高;高,高度)→high(adj.高的)→highly(adv.高标准地) 12.value(n.价值 v.重视,珍视)→valuable (adj.有价值的) 13.impossible(adj.不可能发生的;办不到的)→(反义词)possible(adj.有可能的)→possibly(adv.可能) 14.actress(n.女演员)→actor(n.男演员)→act(v.扮演,表演,行动) →active(adj.活跃的,积极的)→activity(n.活动) 15.satisfy[v.使(某人)满意]→satisfied(adj.满意的)→satisfaction(n.满意;满足) 16.risky(adj.有危险的,有风险的→risk[n.危险;风险 v.冒……的风险(或危险)]
二、短语
短语 1.instead of 代替……;而不是…… 2.through other people’s eyes 通过别人的眼睛 3.look away 移走目光 4.feel like 感觉像 5.through the window 透过窗户 6.look up 抬头往上看;查阅 7.rush to... 冲向…… 8.something special 特殊的事 9.accept oneself 接受自己 10.change your differences改变你的差异 11.look like 看上去像 12.worry about 担心 13.successful people 成功人士 14.support your idea 支持你的观点 15.the results of scientific studies 科学研究的结果 16.in surprise 吃惊地 17.not at all一点也不,根本不 18.reach sth. down 把某物拿下来 19.move to... 搬到…… 20.take place 发生 21.along the way一路上;沿途 22.focus on 关注 23.hold... back 阻碍……(的发展) 24.less than不到,少于 25.one of the fastest runners 最快的跑步运动员之一 26.a risky decision 一个有风险的决定 27.start from zero 从零开始 28.such an age这样的年龄 29.make history 创造历史 30.have a try试一试 31.as long as 只要 32.stick to 坚持 33.with the help of... 在……的帮助下 34.make sb./sth. +形容词 使某人/某物…… 35.without doing sth. 没/不做某事 36.be proud of(doing)sth. 为(做)某事而感到骄傲 37.try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 38.choose to do sth. 选择去做某事 39.a good way to do sth. 做某事的一个好方法
三、句型
句型 1.What do / does sb. think of... ?某人认为……怎么样? What does Sam think of himself? 萨姆认为他自己怎么样? 2.Sb. + suppose(s)+(that) 从句,某人猜想…… I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves. 我猜想每个人都有对自己不喜欢的地方。 3.Sb. + hasn’t / haven’t+动词的过去分词+其他.某人还没做…… I haven’t told Maddie yet how she has changed me. 我还没有告诉过麦迪她是如何改变我的。 4.Sb.+ has / have+动词的过去分词+其他.某人已经做了…… I have already learnt that I am what I am. 我已经知道了我就是我。5.What do/does sb. think of... ?某人认为……怎么样? 6.How do you feel about... ?你认为/觉得……怎么样? 7.Why not+动词原形+其他? 为什么不做……?
练 习 一
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.We all (认为)it will be an exciting experience.
2.She missed the bus and (因此)had to walk home.
3. (虽然)it rained hard, they went on working in the field.
4.They have (已经)finished the work on time.
5.Tom always (讨厌)eating in a noisy restaurant.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The leaders of the government had the important meeting (secret).
2.The ground was (cover) with snow after the heavy snow.
3.Even twins have many (different)in personality.
4.A true friend always (reach)for your hand and touches your heart.
5.Do you know the (high) of the mountain
III.单项选择
1.It’s raining too hard outside. We won't leave the rain stops.
A.if B.after C.when D.until
2.-How time flies! We'll graduate from middle school this weekend!
- we have to say goodbye, I will remember our friendship forever.
A.Because B.Although C.Unless D.Until
3.-To tell the truth, I am now feeling very
-Take it easy. You'll make it.
A.peaceful B.nervous C.confident
4.-Will Mr Li come to the party
-Yes. He my invitation happily.
A.reached B.accepted C.achieved D.expressed
5.-Lucy hasn't come back from the library
-Yes, I have called her.
A.already; yet B.yet; yet C.already; already D.yet; already
练 习 二
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.There’s no (怀疑)that China is the first country to drink tea.
2.Through these experiences I know the (价值)of friendship.
3.They all started to (搜寻)for the missing child.
4.I kept watching the (奥运会)during the summer vacation.
5.Everyone knows these Chinese (运动员)all tried their best.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We should pay attention to the truly (value) things.
2.He (success) in finishing the task without any help of others yesterday.
3.The teacher is (satisfy) with my work.
4.His laziness makes it (possible)for him to succeed.
5.These (actress) all acted well in the play.
III.单项选择
1.If you put all your eggs in one basket, you losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B.enjoy C.avoid D.consider
2.The rabbit was hurt. It ran away
A.in order B.in need C.in fear D.in surprise
3.-Don’t play games any more. There's for you.
-OK, Mom.
A.nothing useful B.useful nothing C.something useful
4.All of us get when Bill is talking about his experiences in winter holiday.
A.excited; exciting B.excited; excited
C.exciting; excited D.exciting; exciting
5.-Mum, I won first prize in the speech competition!
-Wonderful! As long as you yourself and keep trying, you will succeed.
A.dress up B.believe in C.pick up D.leave out
练 习 三
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Can you (组织)the party games for us
2.You can talk about your likes and (不喜欢的东西).
3.What’s the main (原因)that you don't like cats
4.She didn't (理解)the form she was signing.
5.You'll find happiness when you learn to (接受)yourself for who you are.
II.单项选择
1.-My father to his workplace by bus, but now he there by bike.
-Really You have an environmentally-friendly father.
A.used to go; is used to go B.used to going; is used to go
C.is used to go; is used to going D.used to go; is used to going
2.-Shenzhou-18 was successfully launched(发射)into the space on April 25th, 2024.
-We Chinese it.
A.run out of B.take care of C.are afraid of D.are proud of
3.Jenny has fed the dog but she hasn't watered the flowers
A.still; already B.already; yet C.yet; still D.yet; already
4.You need not only talent but also hard work to become a football player.
A.young B.successful C.happy D.friendly
练习一答案
强化训练
1.1.suppose 2.therefore 3.Although 4.already 5.hates
II.1.secretly 2.covered 3.differences 4.reaches 5.height
Ⅲ.1.D 解析:句意:外面雨下得太大了。雨停了我们才能离开。if如果;after在……之后;when当……的时候;until直到。根据语境可知,此处是not...until...“直到……才……”结构。故选D。
2.B 解析:句意:-时光飞逝!我们这个周末将从中学毕业!-虽然我们不得不说再见,但我将永远记住我们的友谊。Because 因为;Although尽管;Unless 除非;Until直到。根据“we have to say goodbye, I will remember our friendship forever”可知,此处表示“尽管我们不得不说再见,但我将永远记住我们的友谊”,应用although来引导让步状语从句。故选B。
3.B 解析:句意:-说实话,我现在感到很紧张。-别紧张。你会成功的。peaceful平静的;nervous 紧张的;confident 自信的。根据"Take it easy. You’ll make it.”可知,此处表示感到紧张。故选B。
4.B 解析:句意:-李先生会来参加聚会吗?-是的。他愉快地接受了我的邀请。reached 伸手;accepted 接受;achieved 实现;expressed表达。根据“my invitation”可知,是接受了“我”的邀请,会来参加聚会。故选B。
5.D 解析:句意:-露西还没有从图书馆回来。-是的,我已经给她打电话了。already和yet都是副词,都可表示“已经”,也都可以用于现在完成时,但already 一般用于肯定句中,而yet一般用于否定句和疑问句句末。故选D。
练习二答案
I.1.doubt 2.value 3.search 4.Olympics 5.athletes
II.1.valuable 2.succeeded 3.satisfied 4.impossible 5.actresses
III.1.A 解析:句意;如果你把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里,你就有可能一次失去一切。risk冒……的风险;enjoy 喜欢;avoid 避免;consider 考虑。根据“If you put all your eggs in one basket, you losing everything all at one time,”可知,如果把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里,就会有失去全部的风险。故选A。
2.C 解析:C 解析:in order按顺序;in need 在危难中;in fear 害怕地;in surprise 吃惊地。根据“The rabbit was hurt.”可知,兔子受伤了,所以“害怕地”跑掉。故选C。
3.A 解析:形容词修饰复合不定代词时要放在其后,可排除B项。something意为“某事;某物”;nothing意为“没有事;没有任何东西”。根据上文“Don’t play games any more."可知妈妈不让孩子再玩游戏了,因此可推断设空处所在句想表达游戏“没有什么有用的东西”。故选A,
4.A 解析:句意:当比尔谈论他在寒假令人激动的经历时,我们所有人都变得很兴奋。exciting“令人激动的”,修饰对象通常是事物;excited“兴奋的”,常用来描迷人的主观感受。第一空形容人的感受,故用excited;第二空修饰名词 experiences,故用exciting,故选A,
5.B 解析:句意:妈妈,我在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。-太棒了!只要你相信自己,不断努力,你就会成功。dress up乔装打扮;believe in 相信;pick up 捡起;leave out 不提及,不包括。根据句意可知选B。
练习三答案
I.l.organise 2.dislikes 3.reason 4.understand 5.accept
II.1.D 解析:句意:-我父亲过去常常乘公共汽车去他的工作场所,但是现在他习惯了骑自行车去那里。-真的吗?你有一个爱环保的父亲。used to do sth. 过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。结合句意可知选D。
2.D 解析:句意:-神舟十八号于2024年4月25日成功发射升空。-我们中国人为此感到骄傲。run out of 用完,耗尽;take care of 照顾;be afraid of 害怕;be proud of为……感到骄傲。根据“Shenzhou-18 was successfully launched(发射)into the space”可知,中国人为神舟十八号的成功发射感到骄傲。故选D。
3.B 解析:句意:珍妮已经喂过狗了,但还没有浇花。still“仍然”;already“已经”,常用于现在完成时的肯定句中;yet“还,尚”,常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句中。根据句意可知,still不符合语境,排除A、C两项。前半句表示已经喂过狗了,肯定句用already;后半句转折,表示还没浇花,否定句中用yet。故选B。
4.B 解析:句意:你不仅需要天赋也需要努力训练才能成为一个成功的足球运动员。young年轻的,年轻人的;successful成功的;happy快乐的;friendly友好的。根据句意可知选B。现在完成时(一)
1.现在完成时的用法
表示过去某一时间发生的动作或曾经做过的事对现在造成的结果和影响,也表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。常和already(已经)、yet (已经;尚未)、ever(曾经)、never(从不)、before (以前)、just(刚刚)、so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。
例如: -Have you finished your homework 你完成家庭作业了吗?
-Yes, I have. I've just finished it. 是的,我刚完成。
I’ve already watched that movie. 我已经看过那部电影了。
2.现在完成时的句型结构
肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他.
否定句 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句 及其答语 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+have/has. 否定回答:No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
特殊疑问句 疑问词+have/has+(主语十)过去分词+其他?
She has washed the clothes. 她已经洗了衣服。
She hasn’t washed the clothes. 她还没有洗衣服。
-Has she washed the clothes 她洗了衣服了吗?
-Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. 是的,她洗了。/不,她还没洗。
What have you given to your friend 你给了你朋友什么?
Who has cleaned the classroom 谁打扫了教室?
[注意]①have not 常缩写为haven’t,has not 常缩写为hasn’t。
②have/has可与主语缩写在一起,have和has 的缩略形式分别为“’ve”和“’s”。
I have= I’ve
3.动词的过去分词的变化规则
规则动词的过去分词与其过去式相同。不规则动词的过去分词需特殊记忆。
(1)规则动词:
finish-finished-finished live-lived-lived
stop-stopped-stopped carry-carried-carried
(2)不规则动词:
go-went-gone see-saw-seen
come-came-come forget-forgot-forgotten
4.already与yet的用法
(1)already 与yet 都有“已经”的意思,但already常用于肯定句中,放在助动词have/has 之后,过去分词之前,有时也可置于句末;yet 常用于疑问句或否定句句末。
He has already been there. 他已经去过那里了。
Has he been there yet 他已经去过那里了吗?
(2)yet用于否定句中,意为“还(没);尚(未)”,通常位于句末。
She hasn’t seen that film yet. 她还未看过那部电影。
[注意]在现在完成时的句子中,含有already 的陈述句变为否定句或疑问句时,通常要把already改为yet,并放于句末。
I have already finished reading the newspaper. 我已经看完这份报纸了。
I haven’t finished reading the newspaper yet. 我还未看完这份报纸。
Have you finished reading the newspaper yet 你已经看完这份报纸了吗?
5.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时 一般过去时
用法 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,侧重于现在的情况,即已完成的动作对现在的影响。 表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关。
时间状语 常和already、yet、just、ever、never、so far等词连用。 常和 yesterday、last week、just now、in 2012、two days ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。
I have lost my bike, so I must walk to school.
我的自行车丢了,因此我必须步行去学校。(表示现在自行车没有了,不能骑了)
I lost my bike last year. 我去年弄丢了我的自行车。(与现在无关)
[注意]当句中没有明确的时间状语时,判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响,即该句是强调什么。
-Where have you put my book I can't find it.
你把我的书放在哪儿了?我找不到它。(强调现在找不到了)
-I put it on your desk yesterday.
我昨天放在你的桌子上了。(强调昨天放的位置,不强调结果)
6.现在完成时常用 have/has been to(去过)、ever(曾经)、never(从未)、once(一次)、twice(两次)等表示经历。
(1)ever与never的区别
ever 副词,意为“曾经”,常用于现在完成时的疑问句和否定句中,位于助动词have/has之后,过去分词之前。
never 副词,意为“从不;从未”,常用于现在完成时中,表示否定含义,位于助动词have/has之后,过去分词之前。
Has she ever been to Nanjing 她曾经去过南京吗?
I have never been to Sanya. 我从未去过三亚。
(2)have/has been to 与have/has gone to的区别
have/has been to 表示去过某地,现在已经回来了。 通常与twice、several times、ever、never等连用。
have/has gone to 表示到某地去了,暗示说话时该人不在场(可能在途中,也可能已到达某地)。
My brother has been to Jinan twice. 我哥哥去过济南两次。
-Is that Jim over there 那边那个是吉姆吗?
-It can’t be him. He has gone to Tianjin. 不可能是他。他去天津了。
语法练习
一.单项选择
1.-Have you finished your work Jane
-Yes, I’ve done it
A.already; yet B.yet; already C.yet; yet D.since; already
2.-Would you like to watch the 3-D film Titanic with me
-Certainly. I don’t mind seeing it again although I it twice.
A.saw B.was seen C.have seen D.had seen
3.Mr Li Paris. He Paris many times.
A.has been to; has been to B.has gone to; has been in
C.has been to; has been in D.has gone to; has been to
4.-Have you ever been to Shanghai
-Yes.I there a few months ago.
A.have been B.went C.have gone D.go
5.(湖北武汉中考)-Congratulations! You big progress in the last three years.
-Thank you, Mr Li. I’ll never forget the good times in Junior High.
A.make B.made C.have made D.will make
二.按要求完成句子
1.I have already bought a book in this store.(改为一般疑问句)
you a book in this store
2.Jill has already told her mother the truth of the matter.(改为否定句)
Jill her mother the truth of the matter
3.Has Tom taken the medicine?(作肯定回答) ,
4.The Whites (去了)the USA. They will stay there for two weeks.(补全句子)
5.I (去过)the Mount Tai. I took many photos there.(补全句子)
语法练习 参考答案
一.单项选择
1. B 解析:句意;-简,你已经完成你的工作了吗?-是的,我已经完成了。
already一般用在现在完成时的肯定句中,若用在疑问句中,常表示吃惊和意外的语气。yet一般用在现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中。故选B。
2. C 解析:句意:-你愿意跟我去看3D电影《泰坦尼克号》吗?--当然。尽管我已经看过两次了,但是我不介意再看一次。由句中的twice并结合语境可知,应用现在完成时。故选C。
3.D 解析:句意:李先生去巴黎了。他去过巴黎很多次了。have/has been to“去过某地(已返回)”;have/has gone to“去了某地(未返回)”。根据语境可知选D。
4.B 解析:句意:-你曾去过上海吗?-是的。我几个月前去的那里。a few months ago“几个月以前”,是一般过去时的标志词。故选B。
5.C 解析:空处所在句的时间状语为“in the last three years(在过去的三年里)”,是“in the last+时间段”结构,常与现在完成时连用。故选C。
二.按要求完成句子
1.Have; bought; yet
2.hasn't told; yet
3.Yes; he has
4.have gone to
5.have been to

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