Unit 3 Make it happen!知识点清单(含练习与答案)(2份打包)-外研版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 3 Make it happen!知识点清单(含练习与答案)(2份打包)-外研版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 3 Make it happen!
一、单 词
名 词
fair 展览会 failure 失败 ticket票,入场券 risk 冒险举动
talent 天资,天赋,才能 kilogram 千克,公斤 experiment (科学)实验 lightning rod 避雷针
exploration 探索,探险;勘探;勘查 quality 品性 hook 挂钩,吊钩 glue胶,胶水
detector 探测器,检测器 curiosity 好奇心 electricity 电 lightning闪电
machine 机器 congratulation 恭喜,祝贺 penicillin 青霉素,盘尼西林 advertisement 广告;启事
brain脑,大脑 signal 信号;暗号 keyhole 锁眼,钥匙孔 rod杆;竿;棒
pioneer 先驱,先锋,创始人 invention 发明(物)(如机器、工具、仪器等) printer(与计算机连接的)打印机 block 一块(指木头、石头等有直边的硬物)
动 词
cost价格为,需支付(某一数量的钱) apply应用,运用[新义v.涂抹;踩(刹车)] weigh 重,重量是…… freeze (使)结冰,(使)冻结
fix解决(问题)[新义v.使固定;修理] lend 帮助(某人)做事(尤指需要体力的事) download 下载(信息或程序) warn警告
trouble使忧虑,使苦恼 address 对……发表演说 test验证;检验
形容词
imaginative富有想象力的;创新的 artificial 人造的,人工的 smart智能的 everyday日常的;平常的;每天的
unexpected 想不到的 perfect完美 3-D(three-dimensional) 三维的,立体的
副 词
completely完全地 widely广泛地 passionately 热情地,热烈地
介词 despite尽管,虽然,任凭
单词变形
1.fair(n.展览会 adj.公平的,公正的)→fairly (adv.公平地,公正地) 2.drive(v.促使;驾驶)→driver(n.司机) 3.printer[n.(与计算机连接的)打印机;印刷厂]→print(v.印刷)→printing(n.印刷) 4.invent(v.发明,创造)→inventor(n.发明者;发明家)→invention[n.发明(物)] 5.weigh(v.重,重量是……)→weight(n.重量) 6.report(n.新闻;报道 v.报告;报道)→reporter(n.记者) 7.warn(v.警告,告诫;提醒)→warning(n.警告;告诫) 8.congratulation(n.恭喜,祝贺)→congratulate (v.恭喜,祝贺) 9.advertisement(n.广告;启事)→advertise (v.做广告) 10.creative(adj.有创造力的)→create(v.创造)→creator(n.创造者;创作者)→creation (n.创造;创作) 11.imaginative(adj.富有想象力的;创新的)→imagine(v.想象;设想)→imagination(n.想象力) 12.talent(n.天资,天赋,才能)→talented(adj.有天赋的,有才能的) 13.electricity(n.电)→electronic(adj.电子的;电子设备的)→electronics(n.电子设备) 14.exploration(n.探索;探险;勘探;勘查)→explore(v.探索;探险)→explorer(n.探险者;勘探者) 15.curiosity(n.好奇心)→curious(adj.好奇的) 16.failure(n.失败)→fail(v.失败;不及格) 17.risk(n.冒险行动 v.冒险)→risky(adj.冒险的)
二、短语
短语 1.change one’s life 改变某人的生活 2.shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 3.be born without... 天生没有…… 4.all the time 一直 5.blow sb. away 使某人大吃一惊 6.lend a hand to sb. 帮助某人 7.hit on success 成功 8.make money 赚钱 9.for free 免费 10.be made of 由……制成 11.move around到处走动 12.warn sb. of/about 警示某人…… 13.win an award 获奖 14.solve the problem 解决问题 15.What’s worse更糟糕的是 16.on purpose 故意地 17.by accident 偶然地 18.go on a holiday 去度假 19.lose hope 失去希望 20.catch one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 21.be drawn to... 被……所吸引 22.be curious about... 对……好奇 23.lose one’s life 失去生命 24.take risks 冒险 25.look through 浏览……;透过……看 26.search for 搜索 27.play a role in doing sth. 在做某事中发挥作用 28.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 29.be able to do sth. 能够做某事 30.keep doing sth. 继续做某事 31.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 32.decide to do sth. 决定做某事 33.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 34.have a hard time(in)doing sth. 做某事有困难 35.wish to do sth. 希望去做某事 36.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 37.start to do/doing sth. 开始做某事 38.drive sb. to do sth. 促使某人做某事 39.spend+时间/金钱+on sth. (人)花时间/金钱在某事上 40.hope to do sth. 希望做某事 41.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 42.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 43.continue to do sth. 继续做某事
三、句型
句型 1.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 He always tried to improve his work.他总是尽力改进他的作品。 2.keep doing sth. 继续做某事 Easton kept working on it. 伊斯顿继续研究它。 3.have a hard time(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. 学校里的盲人学生很难到处走动。
练 习 一
1.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.All these jobs can now be done by one single (机器).
2.The house (花费)almost half of my money last year.
3.He works in a factory (附近).
4.You will find you create more luck in (日常的)life.
5. (祝贺)! I hear you have passed the exam.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The rule warns drivers (not drive)after drinking.
2.I have trouble in (solve) this maths problem.
3.Could I trouble you (open) the window, please
4.Most (invent) are invented by accident.
5.What's the (weigh) of the stone
III..单项选择
1.-How much is the ticket to Central Park
-A ticket $30. You two need to $60 for tickets.
A.costs; pay B.costs; spend C.pays; spend D.spends; pay
2.Boys and girls, good luck and wish you good grades in a new year.
A.get B.getting C.to get
3.The policeman warned the man after drinking.
A.not to drive B.to drive C.driving
4.After you take the medicine, you will be to go to work.
A.enough well B.enough actively C.actively enough D.well enough
5.-Why do you yourself all the time, Nancy
-I joined a slimming club last month and I have to keep a close watch on my
A.weight; weigh B.weigh; weight C.weigh; weigh D.weight; weight
练 习 二
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.We should keep moving (朝)our goals.
2.We need to plan for the (未来).
3.He took a (风险)of climbing the mountain without any protection.
4.His strict parents always (迫使)him to study hard.
5.It’s not a scientific way to (检验)their opinions.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.She is, without doubt, one of the most (talent) students in our class.
2.He didn't give up after his first (fail), and he tried again.
3.He spent two hours (finish)this job last week.
4. (unlucky), he lost his life during his travel to England.
5.We came (direct) as soon as we got your telephone.
III.单项选择
1.I love to listen to rock music I am running.
A.while B.after C.since D.until
2.-The girl’s beautiful pronunciation caught our in yesterday's English speech competition.
-Yes, many students couldn't help cheering for her.
A.condition B.attention C.invention D.position
3.-Daniel, try this strawberry cake.
-It delicious. I'd like to have some more.
A.smells B.feels C.tastes D.looks
4.He is such a well-known writer that his books are read all over the world.
A.hardly B.widely C.clearly D.politely
5.He is certain a happy life.
A.live B.of live C.to live D.to living
练 习 三
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.I always search for some (信息)online.
2.In the (现代的)society, social media plays an important role.
3.I’ll give you ten minutes to (准备)your answer.
4.After years of hard work, she (最终)succeeded in becoming a doctor.
5.You can talk about the (发明家)and their (发明)in your speech.
II.单项选择
1.-Have you heard about the car near the school
-Yes. Luckily, no one was seriously hurt.
A.accident B.park C.club
2.I received six red packets this Spring Festival. One was from my parents
and were from my cousins.
A.other B.others C.another D.the others
3.-Dad, what's for dinner It nice!
-I'm cooking chicken soup.
A.tastes B.smells C.hears D.feels
4. -Is anything worth seeing in Xi'an
-Yes. Don't the amazing Terracotta Army.
A.offer B.miss C.share
练习一答案
I.1.machine 2.cost 3.nearby 4.everyday/daily 5.Congratulations
II.1.not to drive 2.solving 3.to open 4.inventions 5.weight
III.1.A 解析:句意:-中心公园的门票价格是多少?-一张票花费30美元。你们两个需要花60美元。cost 花费,主语通常是物;pay花费,主语通常是人,固定搭配为“pay+金钱+for sth.”;spend 花费,主语通常是人,固定搭配为“spend十金钱+on sth.”。根据“A ticket”可知,主语是物,应用costs,排除C、D两项;根据“for”可知,应用pay。故选A。
2.C 解析:句意;同学们,祝你们好运,并祝你们在新的一年里取得好成绩。wish sb. to do sth.意为“希望某人做某事”,是固定用法。故选C。
3.A 解析;句意;警察告诫那名男子不要酒后驾车。warn sb. (not)to do sth.意为“告诫某人(不要)做某事”,为固定用法。故选A。
4.D 解析:well 健康的;actively活跃地。be后接形容词作表语,排除B、C两项。enough修饰形容词时,置于形容词之后。故选D。
5.B 解析:句意:-南希,你为什么总是称体重?-我上个月加入了一个减肥俱乐部,我必须密切关注我的体重。weigh是动词,意为“称……的重量”;weight是名词,意为“重量”。根据特殊疑问句中的“do”可知,第一空应用动词原形weigh;形容词性物主代词my后应用名词weight。故选B。
练习二答案
I.1.towards 2.future 3.risk 4.drive 5.test
II.1.talented 2.failure 3.finishing 4.Unluckily 5.directly
III.1.A 解析:句意:我喜欢在跑步的时候听摇滚音乐。while 当……时;after在……之后;since 自从;until 直到……为止。根据语境可知,此处强调从句动作发生的同时,主句动作也在进行,应用while引华时间状语从句,故选A。
2.B 解析:句意:-在昨天的英语演讲比赛中,这个女孩优美的发音引起了我们的注意。-是的,许多学生忍不住为她欢呼,condition 条件;attention 注意;invention 发明;position 位置。catch one’s attention 意为“吸引某人的注意”,是固定搭配。故选B.
3.C 解析:句意:-丹尼尔,尝尝这个草莓蛋糕。-它尝起来很美味。我还想再吃一些。smells闻起来;feels感觉;tastes尝起来;looks看起来。空前的It 指代上一句中的strawberry cake;根据delicious可知,此处表示草莓蛋糕“尝起来”美味。故选C。
4.B 解析:句意:他是如此著名的作家,他的书在世界各地广为阅读。hardly几乎不;widely广泛地;clearly 清晰地;politely礼貌地。根据“all over the world”可知,此处表示书籍被“广泛地”阅读,应用widely,符合语境。故选B。
5.C 解析:句意:他肯定能过上幸福的生活。be certain to do sth. 意为“肯定要做某事”,是固定用法。故选C。
练习三答案
I.1.information 2.modern 3.prepare 4.finally 5.inventors; inventions
II.1.A 解析:句意:-你有听说学校附近发生的车祸吗?-是的。幸运的是,没有人严重受伤。accident 事故;park公园;club俱乐部,社团。根据“the car”和“Luckily, no one was seriously hurt.”可知,此处询问是否有听说车祸的事情。故选A。
2.D 解析:句意:今年春节我收到了六个红包。一个红包来自我的父母,其余来自我的表姐表哥。由“I received six red packets"和“One was from my parents"可知,设空处指代剩余的全部红包,应用the others。故选D。
3.B 解析:句意;-爸爸,晚饭吃什么?闻起来很不错!-我正在煲鸡汤。taste尝起来;smell闻起来;hear听见;feel摸起来,感到。根据“Dad, what’s for dinner?”可知,问话人一开始不知道晚餐是什么,此处应表示“闻起来”很不错。故选B。
4.B 解析:句意:-西安有什么值得看的东西吗?-有。不要错过令人惊叹的兵马俑。offer 提供;miss错过;share分享。根据语境可知,此处表示不要“错过”令人惊叹的兵马俑。故选B。动词不定式和动名词作宾语
1.动词不定式作宾语
(1)动词不定式的定义
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,常由“to+动词原形”构成,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式符号。
(2)动词不定式的类型
动词不定式有两种类型:
一是带to的动词不定式,即“to+动词原形”;
二是省略to的动词不定式,即“动词原形”。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,其否定形式为“not+(to+)动词原形”。
Tom wants to play table tennis after school.
汤姆想放学后打乒乓球。(带to的动词不定式)
She helped clean the car. 她帮忙擦了车。(省略to的动词不定式)
They decided not to go swimming in the river.
他们决定不去河里游泳。(动词不定式的否定形式)
(3)动词不定式(短语)的功能
动词不定式(短语)在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。本单元我们重点学习动词不定式作宾语的情况。
(4)后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有:
agree、begin、choose、decide、expect、hate、hope、learn、like、love、
need、prefer、plan、remember、start、try、want、wish、fail、manage、offer、pretend、promise、refuse、afford、would like等。
[拓展]①ask、learn、show、teach、know等动词后可以用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。
Can you teach me how to play basketball 你能教我怎样打篮球吗?
②like、love、begin、start、hate等动词后既可以跟动词不定式作宾语,也可以跟动名词作宾语,意义差别不大。
I like singing, but I don't like to sing this song.
我喜欢唱歌,但是我不喜欢唱这首歌。
③在“find/think/feel+it+adj.+动词不定式(短语)”结构中,it为形式
宾语,后面的动词不定式(短语)为真正的宾语。
I find it difficult to learn a foreign language well. 我发现学好一门外语很难。
2.动名词作宾语
(1)动名词的构成
动名词由“动词原形+-ing”构成,它具有名词特性,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词也保留了动词的性质,可以有自己的宾语和状语。
后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有:
avoid、finish、imagine、consider、keep、enjoy、mind、practise、suggest、can't/couldn't help、feel like、give up、look forward to、be/get used to等。
She enjoys learning about different cultures and traditions from all over the world. 她喜欢了解世界各地不同的文化和传统。
He practises playing the guitar for two hours every day.
他每天练习两个小时的吉他。
[拓展]有些动词后既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动名词作宾语,但含义有所不同。动词不定式往往表示将要发生的动作;动名词一般表示正在发生或已经发生的动作。
What do you mean to do?你打算做什么?
His words mean refusing us. 他的话意味着拒绝我们。
I forgot to go to the post office. 我忘了去邮局。
I forgot going to the post office. 我忘了去过邮局了。
Please remember to post the letter. 请记得去寄那封信。
I remember posting your letter. 我记得寄出了你的信。
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
He stopped to read the newspaper. 他停下来去看报纸。
Stop talking! Listen to me! 别说话了!听我说!
need to do sth. 需要去做某事(主动含义)
need doing sth. 某事需要被做(被动含义)
continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事(已经完成一件事)
continue doing sth. 继续做同一件事(未完成)
Try to be kind to him. 尽量对他友好。
Try being kind to him. 试着对他友好。
语法专练训练
一.单项选择
1.(2023福建中考)It's reported that China plans astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A.send B.sending C.to send
2.(2023江苏扬州中考)Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared the STEAM Club.
A.join B.joining C.to join D.to joining
3.-Many students in France hope Beijing.
-Yes, they are looking forward to visiting China soon.
A.to visit B.visit C.visiting D.visited
4.(贵州黔南州中考)Please stop and go out for a walk. Remember warm clothes.
A.to study; wearing B.studying; to wear
C.to study; to wear D.studying; wearing
5.At times, parents find it difficult with their children.
A.talk B.talked C.talking D.to talk
二.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I failed (catch) the early bus because of getting up late.
2.I remember (see) the man but I can't think of his name.
3.I find it relaxing (listen) to music.
4.The room is too dirty, it really needs (clean).
5.They decide (not go) skating today.
语法训练 答案
一.单项选择
1.C 解析:句意:据报道,中国计划在2030年前将航天员送上月球。plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”,是固定用法。故选C。
2.C 解析:句意:科学是我最喜欢的科目,所以我已经准备加入STEAM俱乐部了。prepare to do sth.意为“准备做某事”,是固定用法。故选C。
3.A 解析:句意:-法国有很多学生希望参观北京。-是的,他们期待着马上参观中国。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,是固定用法。故选A。
4.B 解析:句意:请停止学习,去外面散散步吧。记得穿上暖和的衣服。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”,remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”。故选B。
5.D 解析:句意:有时候,父母发现很难和他们的孩子交谈。talk动词原形;talked过去式;talking动名词或现在分词;to talk动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,it 在句中作形式宾语,空处应用动词不定式作真正的宾语。故选D。
二.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.to catch
2.seeing
3.to listen
4.to be cleaned/cleaning
5.not to go

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