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中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选——用英语说中国故事
Pretending to Play the Yu (a Wind Instrument)
（滥竽充数）
King Xuan of the State of Qi was a monarch in ancient times. He loved listening to people play the yu (a traditional Chinese wind instrument), and he especially enjoyed it when many people played together in an ensemble. So, the musicians of Qi found many yu players and formed a 300-person band to perform for King Xuan. The 300 players performing together created a grand sound—loud and passionate. King Xuan was overjoyed. He asked to expand the band to 500 players for the ensemble. For a time, people all over the State of Qi were looking for skilled yu players to perform for the king.
Mr. Nanguo couldn't play the yu at all. But when he heard that the band would play together and perform in the royal palace for the king, he gladly volunteered to join the yu players' team. However, he knew nothing about playing the yu. At first, he even held the yu upside down—he only corrected his posture after seeing how others held it properly. But once he was in the 500-person band, he didn't feel nervous at all.
When the thunderous sound of the yu started, the musicians all puffed out their cheeks, held their yu, and played with great enjoyment. Mr. Nanguo mixed in with the band. He watched what everyone else was doing and pretended to play along: he puffed his cheeks even rounder than the others, his face turning bright red; his hands holding the yu seemed more skillful than others', nimbly changing between different poses that looked professional; his head swayed left and right in time with the music, as if he was truly lost in the beautiful melody. In fact, his yu didn't make a single sound. King Xuan saw his focused expression and thought he was an excellent yu player—he even gave Mr. Nanguo more rewards than the others. In this way, Mr. Nanguo, who couldn't play the yu at all, lived a comfortable life while hiding among the other musicians.
Ten years later, King Xuan of Qi passed away, and his son King Min of Qi took the throne. King Min also loved listening to the yu, but unlike his father, he preferred to hear the musicians play one by one. This was a disaster for Mr. Nanguo. He knew his good days would not last—sooner or later, he would be found out, and there would be no place for him in the royal palace. So he fled in embarrassment.
Moral
This fable has two meanings. On one hand, people like Mr. Nanguo—who have no real talent and only pretend to be skilled—can only deceive others for a while. In the end, their true colors will always be revealed. On the other hand, King Xuan of Qi hired people without checking their abilities and was deceived by Mr. Nanguo. The root cause lies in his “equal treatment for all” system (like a “big pot of rice” system), which gave Mr. Nanguo a chance to take advantage of the situation.
滥竽充数
古时候，齐宣王是齐国的一位君主。他喜欢听人吹竽（一种中国传统吹奏乐器），尤其喜欢听很多人一起合奏。于是，齐国的乐师们找来了许多吹竽的人，组成了一支300人的乐队，专门为齐宣王演奏。300人一起吹奏，声音宏大又激昂。齐宣王满心欢喜，还要求把乐队扩大到500人一起合奏。一时间，齐国上下的人都在寻找技艺精湛的吹竽手，好为国王演奏。
南郭先生根本不会吹竽。可当他听说这支乐队要一起在皇宫里为国王演奏时，却兴冲冲地自告奋勇加入了吹竽的队伍。然而，他对吹竽一窍不通——刚开始，他甚至把竽拿倒了，直到看见别人正确的持竽姿势，才纠正过来。可一旦加入了这支500人的乐队，他反倒一点也不紧张了。
当竽声如雷鸣般响起时，乐师们都鼓起腮帮子，捧着竽，投入地吹奏着。南郭先生混在乐队里，看着别人的动作，假装跟着一起吹：他把腮帮子鼓得比别人还圆，脸涨得通红；双手持竽的样子看起来比别人还熟练，灵活地变换着各种看似专业的姿势；脑袋还跟着音乐左右摇晃，仿佛真的沉浸在美妙的旋律里。其实，他的竽连一点声音都没发出来。齐宣王看到他专注的神情，以为他是位技艺高超的吹竽手，甚至给了南郭先生比别人更多的赏赐。就这样，完全不会吹竽的南郭先生，躲在乐师们中间，过着安逸的日子。
十年后，齐宣王去世了，他的儿子齐湣王继承了王位。齐湣王也喜欢听吹竽，可和他父亲不同的是，他更喜欢听乐师们一个一个地单独演奏。这对南郭先生来说简直是灭顶之灾。他知道自己的好日子到头了——迟早会被发现，到时候皇宫里再也没有他的容身之地。于是，他羞愧地逃走了。
寓意
这则寓言有两层含义。一方面，像南郭先生这样没有真才实学、只会装模作样的人，只能蒙骗别人一时，最终总会露出真面目。另一方面，齐宣王在任用人才时不考察能力，才被南郭先生蒙骗。根源在于他“一刀切”的“大锅饭”制度，给了南郭先生可乘之机。
逐句解析
第一段
1. King Xuan of the State of Qi was a monarch in ancient times.
- 陌生单词：King Xuan of the State of Qi（齐宣王，齐国君主，专有名词）；monarch（n. 君主，国王）；ancient times（古代，复习旧词，“纪昌学射”“刻舟求剑”中均复用）
- 高频语块：of the State of...（……国的，表所属，如“the State of Chu”楚国）；in ancient times（在古代，表时间的固定短语）
- 造句：King Zhou of the State of Shang was a famous monarch in ancient times.（商纣王是古代著名的君主。）
2. He loved listening to people play the yu (a traditional Chinese wind instrument), and he especially enjoyed it when many people played together in an ensemble.
- 陌生单词：loved listening to（喜欢听……，love + 动名词表“喜爱做某事”）；traditional（adj. 传统的）；wind instrument（吹奏乐器，wind 表“管乐器的”，instrument 是“乐器”）；especially（adv. 尤其，特别）；enjoyed it when...（喜欢……的情况，it 作形式宾语，when 引导真正宾语从句）；ensemble（n. 合奏，集体演奏）
- 高频语块：love doing sth.（喜欢做某事，表长期爱好，复习旧词，“纪昌学射”中“loved archery”复用）；a traditional Chinese...（中国传统的……，表属性）；enjoy it when + 句子（喜欢……的场景，it 作形式宾语避免句子头重脚轻）；play together in an ensemble（一起合奏，表演奏方式）
- 造句：She loves listening to people sing folk songs, and she especially enjoys it when everyone sings together in a chorus.（她喜欢听人唱民歌，尤其喜欢大家一起合唱的场景。）
3. So, the musicians of Qi found many yu players and formed a 300-person band to perform for King Xuan.
- 陌生单词：musicians（n. 乐师，音乐家，musician 的复数）；found（find 的过去式，v. 找到，召集）；yu players（吹竽手，“乐器 + player”表“演奏某乐器的人”，如 guitar player 吉他手）；formed（form 的过去式，v. 组成，建立）；300-person（300人的，“数字 + 名词”构成复合形容词，修饰名词）；band（n. 乐队）；perform for（为……表演，表对象）
- 高频语块：the musicians of...（……的乐师，of 表所属）；form a band（组建乐队，固定搭配）；to perform for sb.（为某人表演，动词不定式表目的）
- 造句：The teacher found many singers and formed a 50-person choir to perform for the school.（老师召集了许多歌手，组建了50人的合唱团，为学校表演。）
4. The 300 players performing together created a grand sound—loud and passionate.
- 陌生单词：performing together（一起演奏的，现在分词短语作定语修饰 players）；created（create 的过去式，v. 产生，营造）；grand（adj. 宏大的，壮丽的）；loud and passionate（响亮又激昂的，并列形容词作后置定语，补充说明 sound）
- 高频语块：players performing together（一起演奏的乐师，现在分词表主动动作）；create a sound（产生声音，固定搭配）；破折号（用于补充说明，此处解释“grand sound”的特点）
- 造句：The 100 dancers performing together created a beautiful scene—colorful and lively.（100位一起跳舞的舞者营造出美丽的场景——色彩缤纷又充满活力。）
5. King Xuan was overjoyed. He asked to expand the band to 500 players for the ensemble.
- 陌生单词：overjoyed（adj. 满心欢喜的，极度高兴的，复习旧词，“纪昌学射”中“Overjoyed, he ran to his teacher”复用）；asked to expand（要求扩大，ask to do sth. 表“要求做某事”，expand v. 扩大，扩充）；to 500 players（到500人，“expand...to + 数量”表“把……扩大到……规模”）
- 高频语块：be overjoyed（极度高兴，表情绪）；ask to do sth.（要求做某事，复习旧词，“刻舟求剑”中“asked to join”复用）；expand...to...（把……扩大到……，表规模变化）
- 造句：The manager was overjoyed with the sales results and asked to expand the team to 20 people.（经理对销售业绩满心欢喜，要求把团队扩大到20人。）
6. For a time, people all over the State of Qi were looking for skilled yu players to perform for the king.
- 陌生单词：For a time（一时间，暂时，表时间的固定短语）；all over（遍及，到处，表范围）；were looking for（正在寻找，过去进行时，表过去某段时间内持续的动作）；skilled（adj. 技艺精湛的，熟练的）
- 高频语块：For a time（一时间，同义短语有 For a while）；all over + 地点（遍及某地，如 all over the country 全国）；look for（寻找，复习旧词，“纪昌学射”中“find Fei Wei”近义）；skilled + 职业（技艺精湛的……，如 skilled doctor 熟练的医生）
- 造句：For a time, people all over the city were looking for the lost child.（一时间，全城的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。）
第二段
1. Mr. Nanguo couldn't play the yu at all.
- 陌生单词：Mr. Nanguo（南郭先生，专有名词）；couldn't play...at all（根本不会演奏……，not...at all 表“完全不”，复习旧词，“刻舟求剑”中“not upset at all”复用）
- 高频语块：couldn't do sth. at all（根本不会做某事，表完全否定）
- 造句：He couldn't speak English at all when he first came to the US.（他刚到美国时，根本不会说英语。）
2. But when he heard that the band would play together and perform in the royal palace for the king, he gladly volunteered to join the yu players' team.
- 陌生单词：heard that + 句子（听说……，that 引导宾语从句，复习旧词）；royal palace（皇宫，royal adj. 皇家的，宫廷的）；gladly（adv. 兴冲冲地，乐意地）；volunteered to join（自告奋勇加入，volunteer to do sth. 表“自愿做某事”）；yu players' team（吹竽队伍，名词所有格表所属）
- 高频语块：when 引导时间状语从句（当……时，复习旧词）；perform in + 地点（在某地表演，表场所）；volunteer to join（自愿加入，固定搭配）
- 造句：When she heard that the school would hold a charity show, she gladly volunteered to join the organizing team.（当她听说学校要举办慈善演出时，兴冲冲地自告奋勇加入了筹备组。）
3. However, he knew nothing about playing the yu.
- 陌生单词：knew nothing about（对……一窍不通，know nothing about 表“完全不了解”）；playing the yu（吹竽，about 是介词，后接动名词）
- 高频语块：know nothing about doing sth.（对做某事一窍不通，同义短语有 know little about）
- 造句：He knew nothing about cooking, so he often ate takeout.（他对做饭一窍不通，所以经常吃外卖。）
4. At first, he even held the yu upside down—he only corrected his posture after seeing how others held it properly.
- 陌生单词：At first（刚开始，起初，表时间顺序）；held...upside down（把……拿倒了，upside down 表“上下颠倒”，固定短语）；corrected（correct 的过去式，v. 纠正，改正）；posture（n. 姿势，姿态）；after seeing（看到……之后，after 后接动名词，复习旧词）；properly（adv. 正确地，恰当地）
- 高频语块：At first（起初，对应后文“later”或“but”表转折，复习旧词）；hold sth. upside down（把某物拿倒，表动作）；after seeing how...（看到……的方式之后，how 引导宾语从句）
- 造句：At first, she held the pen upside down—she only corrected her grip after seeing how her teacher held it properly.（刚开始，她把笔拿倒了，直到看到老师正确的握笔姿势，才纠正过来。）
5. But once he was in the 500-person band, he didn't feel nervous at all.
- 陌生单词：once（一旦……，引导条件状语从句，表“只要”）；500-person band（500人的乐队，复习旧词，“300-person band”复用）；nervous（adj. 紧张的）
- 高频语块：once 引导条件状语从句（一旦……，如 Once you start, you must finish.）；didn't feel nervous at all（一点也不紧张，not...at all 表否定，复习旧词）
- 造句：But once she was on the stage, she didn't feel nervous at all.（可一旦站到舞台上，她反倒一点也不紧张了。）
第三段
1. When the thunderous sound of the yu started, the musicians all puffed out their cheeks, held their yu, and played with great enjoyment.
- 陌生单词：thunderous（adj. 雷鸣般的，形容声音大）；puffed out their cheeks（鼓起腮帮子，puff out 表“鼓起，膨胀”，cheek n. 脸颊）；held their yu（捧着竽，hold 表“手持，捧着”，复习旧词）；with great enjoyment（投入地，满怀乐趣地，with 表伴随的状态）
- 高频语块：when 引导时间状语从句（当……时，复习旧词）；puff out one's cheeks（鼓起腮帮子，表动作，常见于“吹奏乐器”场景）；and 连接三个并列动词（puffed...held...and played...，表连续动作，复习旧词）
- 造句：When the music started, the singers all opened their mouths, held the microphones, and sang with great enjoyment.（音乐响起时，歌手们都张开嘴，拿着麦克风，投入地演唱着。）
2. Mr. Nanguo mixed in with the band.
- 陌生单词：mixed in with（混入，融入，mix in with 表“加入群体中不被发现”）
- 高频语块：mix in with + 群体（混入某个群体，表动作）
- 造句：The new student mixed in with the class quickly and made many friends.（新同学很快融入了班级，交了很多朋友。）
3. He watched what everyone else was doing and pretended to play along: he puffed his cheeks even rounder than the others, his face turning bright red; his hands holding the yu seemed more skillful than others', nimbly changing between different poses that looked professional; his head swayed left and right in time with the music, as if he was truly lost in the beautiful melody.
- 陌生单词：watched what...was doing（看别人在做什么，what 引导宾语从句）；pretended to play along（假装跟着演奏，pretend to do sth. 表“假装做某事”，play along 表“配合着玩/演奏”）；even rounder（更圆，even 修饰比较级表程度加深，复习旧词）；his face turning bright red（脸涨得通红，独立主格结构，表伴随状态）；skillful（adj. 熟练的，复习旧词“skilled”，两者近义）；nimbly（adv. 灵活地，敏捷地）；poses（n. 姿势，姿态，pose 的复数）；that looked professional（看起来专业的，定语从句修饰 poses）；swayed left and right（左右摇晃，复习旧词，“刻舟求剑”中“swayed from side to side”近义）；in time with（跟着……的节奏，固定短语）；as if（仿佛，好像，引导方式状语从句）；lost in（沉浸在……中，固定短语）；melody（n. 旋律，曲调）
- 高频语块：pretend to do sth.（假装做某事，如 He pretended to be asleep.）；even + 比较级（更……，复习旧词）；独立主格结构（名词 + 现在分词，如 his face turning red，表伴随）；more skillful than（比……更熟练，比较级结构）；in time with the music（跟着音乐的节奏，表同步）；as if + 句子（仿佛……，表比喻）；lost in + 名词（沉浸在……中，如 lost in thought 陷入沉思）
- 造句：She watched what her sister was doing and pretended to dance along: she waved her arms even higher than her sister, her hair flying in the wind; her feet moving seemed more flexible than her sister's, quickly stepping on the beats that looked easy; her body turned around in time with the song, as if she was truly lost in the happy rhythm.（她看着姐姐的动作，假装跟着跳舞：她的胳膊挥得比姐姐还高，头发在风中飞舞；双脚移动看起来比姐姐更灵活，轻快地踩着看似简单的节拍；身体跟着歌曲转动，仿佛真的沉浸在欢快的节奏里。）
4. In fact, his yu didn't make a single sound.
- 陌生单词：In fact（其实，事实上，表转折或补充说明）；didn't make a single sound（连一点声音都没发出来，a single 表“一个/一点”，用于强调“完全没有”）
- 高频语块：In fact（事实上，常用于纠正前文印象，如 He looks strict. In fact, he is very kind.）；make a sound（发出声音，固定搭配）
- 造句：In fact, the old radio didn't make a single sound after being repaired.（其实，那台旧收音机修完后，连一点声音都没发出来。）
5. King Xuan saw his focused expression and thought he was an excellent yu player—he even gave Mr. Nanguo more rewards than the others.
- 陌生单词：focused（adj. 专注的，注意力集中的）；expression（n. 神情，表情）；excellent（adj. 技艺高超的，优秀的）；rewards（n. 赏赐，报酬，reward 的复数）；more rewards than the others（比别人更多的赏赐，比较级结构）
- 高频语块：focused expression（专注的神情，形容词修饰名词）；thought he was...（以为他是……，that引导宾语从句，that 可省略，复习旧词）；more...than the others（比其他人更……，比较级结构，复习旧词）
- 造句：The teacher saw her careful attitude and thought she was an excellent student—she even gave her more praise than the others.（老师看到她认真的态度，以为她是个优秀的学生，甚至给了她比别人更多的表扬。）
6. In this way, Mr. Nanguo, who couldn't play the yu at all, lived a comfortable life while hiding among the other musicians.
- 陌生单词：In this way（就这样，通过这种方式，表结果或方式）；who couldn't play...at all（根本不会演奏……的，定语从句修饰 Mr. Nanguo，复习旧词）；comfortable（adj. 安逸的，舒适的）；while hiding（在躲藏的时候，while + 现在分词结构，省略了“he was”，表伴随）；among（prep. 在……之中，用于三者或三者以上，复习旧词）
- 高频语块：In this way（就这样，常用于总结前文方式，如 In this way, he solved the problem.）；while + 现在分词（在做某事的时候，省略句结构，复习旧词）；hide among...（躲藏在……之中，表动作）
- 造句：In this way, the little cat, which was lost, found a warm place while staying among the boxes.（就这样，那只迷路的小猫，在箱子堆里找到了一个温暖的地方。）
第四段
1. Ten years later, King Xuan of Qi passed away, and his son King Min of Qi took the throne.
- 陌生单词：Ten years later（十年后，表时间推移）；passed away（去世，逝世，委婉表达“死亡”，比 die 更正式）；King Min of Qi（齐湣王，专有名词）；took the throne（继承王位，throne n. 王位，君主之位，固定短语）
- 高频语块：数字 + years later（……年后，表时间，如 Five years later, he became a doctor.）；passed away（去世，正式委婉表达）；take the throne（继承王位，固定搭配）
- 造句：Twenty years later, his father passed away, and he took over the family business.（二十年后，他的父亲去世了，他接手了家族生意。）
2. King Min also loved listening to the yu, but unlike his father, he preferred to hear the musicians play one by one.
- 陌生单词：unlike（prep. 和……不同，表对比）；preferred to hear（更喜欢听……，prefer to do sth. 表“更喜欢做某事”）；play one by one（一个一个地演奏，one by one 表“逐一，逐个”，固定短语）
- 高频语块：unlike sb.（和某人不同，用于对比，如 Unlike his brother, he likes reading.）；prefer to do sth.（更喜欢做某事，复习旧词，“纪昌学射”中“preferred to see”近义）；one by one（逐一地，如 The students answered the questions one by one.）
- 造句：She also loved watching movies, but unlike her friend, she preferred to watch them alone rather than with others.（她也喜欢看电影，但和朋友不同的是，她更喜欢独自看，而不是和别人一起。）
3. This was a disaster for Mr. Nanguo.
- 陌生单词：disaster（n. 灾难，灭顶之灾，此处指“糟糕的情况”）；for（对……来说，表对象）
- 高频语块：be a disaster for sb.（对某人来说是灾难，表负面结果）
- 造句：The heavy rain was a disaster for the farmers' crops.（这场大雨对农民的庄稼来说是场灾难。）
4. He knew his good days would not last—sooner or later, he would be found out, and there would be no place for him in the royal palace.
- 陌生单词：good days（好日子，名词短语）；would not last（不会持续，last v. 持续）；sooner or later（迟早，早晚，表时间）；be found out（被发现，被揭穿，被动语态，find out 表“查明，发现真相”）；there would be no place for him（没有他的容身之地，there be 句型的过去将来时）
- 高频语块：would not last（不会持续，如 The good weather would not last long.）；sooner or later（迟早，如 Sooner or later, you will realize your mistake.）；be found out（被揭穿，被动语态，如 His lie would be found out.）；there be no place for sb.（没有某人的位置，表“无法立足”）
- 造句：He knew his luck would not last—sooner or later, his secret would be found out, and there would be no place for him in the team.（他知道自己的好运不会持续——迟早他的秘密会被揭穿，队伍里再也没有他的位置。）
5. So he fled in embarrassment.
- 陌生单词：fled（flee 的过去式，v. 逃走，逃离）；in embarrassment（羞愧地，尴尬地，in + 名词表“处于……状态”）
- 高频语块：flee in + 情绪名词（带着某种情绪逃走，如 flee in fear 害怕地逃走）
- 造句：He made a big mistake in front of everyone, so he fled in embarrassment.（他在众人面前犯了大错，于是羞愧地逃走了。）
Moral（寓意段）
1. This fable has two meanings.
- 陌生单词：fable（n. 寓言，寓言故事）；meanings（n. 含义，意义，meaning 的复数）
- 高频语块：have + 数字 + meanings（有……层含义，表数量）
- 造句：This story has three different meanings for different people.（这个故事对不同的人有三种不同的含义。）
2. On one hand, people like Mr. Nanguo—who have no real talent and only pretend to be skilled—can only deceive others for a while.
- 陌生单词：On one hand（一方面，表分点说明，对应后文“On the other hand”）；no real talent（没有真才实学，talent n. 才能，天赋）；pretend to be skilled（装模作样地显得有技艺，pretend to be + adj. 表“假装是……”）；deceive（v. 欺骗，蒙骗）；for a while（一时，暂时，表时间）
- 高频语块：On one hand...On the other hand...（一方面……另一方面……，用于分点阐述，复习旧词）；who 引导非限定性定语从句（补充说明先行词 people，用逗号隔开）；pretend to be + adj.（假装是……的，如 pretend to be happy 假装开心）；deceive others for a while（蒙骗别人一时，表时间限制）
- 造句：On one hand, students who have no good study habits and only pretend to be hard-working can only fool their parents for a while.（一方面，没有良好学习习惯、只会装模作样努力的学生，只能蒙骗父母一时。）
3. In the end, their true colors will always be revealed.
- 陌生单词：In the end（最终，最后，表结果，同义于 Finally）；true colors（真面目，本性，固定短语）；will be revealed（会被揭露，被动语态，reveal v. 揭露，暴露）
- 高频语块：In the end（最终，用于总结结果，复习旧词）；true colors（真面目，如 show one's true colors 露出真面目）；be revealed（被揭露，被动语态，如 The truth will be revealed.）
- 造句：In the end, the thief's true colors were revealed by the police.（最终，小偷的真面目被警察揭穿了。）
4. On the other hand, King Xuan of Qi hired people without checking their abilities and was deceived by Mr. Nanguo.
- 陌生单词：On the other hand（另一方面，表分点，对应前文“On one hand”）；hired（hire 的过去式，v. 雇用，聘用）；without checking（没有考察，without + 动名词表“没有做某事”）；abilities（n. 能力，ability 的复数）；was deceived by（被……欺骗，被动语态，deceive 的被动形式）
- 高频语块：On the other hand（另一方面，分点阐述必备）；hire sb. without doing sth.（雇用某人却没做某事，表方式）；be deceived by sb.（被某人欺骗，被动语态）
- 造句：On the other hand, the company hired employees without checking their experience and was deceived by some liars.（另一方面，这家公司雇用员工却不考察经验，被一些骗子蒙骗了。）
5. The root cause lies in his “equal treatment for all” system (like a “big pot of rice” system), which gave Mr. Nanguo a chance to take advantage of the situation.
- 陌生单词：root cause（根源，根本原因，root adj. 根本的）；lies in（在于，存在于，固定短语）；equal treatment for all（一刀切的平等对待，“大锅饭”制度的意译，equal adj. 平等的，treatment n. 对待）；big pot of rice system（“大锅饭”制度，中文特色短语，保留原意）；which 引导非限定性定语从句（补充说明“system”）；take advantage of the situation（趁机牟利，利用形势，固定短语）
- 高频语块：the root cause lies in...（根源在于……，表原因分析，如 The problem's root cause lies in lack of communication.）；give sb. a chance to do sth.（给某人做某事的机会，固定搭配）；take advantage of the situation（趁机利用，如 He took advantage of the chaos to escape.）
- 造句：The failure's root cause lies in his careless plan, which gave others a chance to take advantage of the mistake.（这次失败的根源在于他草率的计划，这给了别人利用这个错误的机会。）
核心语块场景化运用
为帮助将语块融入实际表达，结合“滥竽充数”故事场景设计以下运用练习
1. 描述“假装做事”场景：用“pretend to do sth.”“mix in with”“in fact”造句，如：He mixed in with the art class and pretended to paint; in fact, he didn't know how to hold a brush.（他混入美术课假装画画，其实根本不会握画笔。）
2. 对比人物喜好：用“unlike”“prefer to do sth.”“one by one”造句，如：Unlike my brother, who likes group games, I prefer to play puzzles one by one.（和喜欢集体游戏的哥哥不同，我更喜欢一个一个地玩拼图。）
3. 分析问题原因：用“the root cause lies in”“On one hand...On the other hand...”造句，如：On one hand, his poor grade comes from laziness; on the other hand, the root cause lies in his bad study habits.（一方面，他成绩差是因为懒；另一方面，根源在于他糟糕的学习习惯。）
英语练习题《Pretending to Play the Yu》
I. 阅读理解单选题 (Reading Comprehension)
根据课文内容，选择最佳答案。
1. What kind of music did King Xuan of Qi enjoy the most
A. Solos played by the best musician.
B. Quiet and gentle melodies.
C. A large ensemble with many players.
D. Music played on different instruments.
2. How many players were in the yu band at first
A. 300.
B. 500.
C. 100.
D. 50.
3. Why did Mr. Nanguo think he could join the band
A. Because he was a fast learner.
B. Because the band played together, so he could pretend.
C. Because he knew the king personally.
D. Because he had a very good yu.
4. When Mr. Nanguo first joined the band, he ______.
A. played better than anyone else
B. held the yu upside down by mistake
C. immediately taught others how to play
D. felt very nervous
5. What did Mr. Nanguo do during the performance
A. He played the yu very softly.
B. He pretended to play but made no sound.
C. He conducted the band.
D. He sang along with the music.
6. Why did King Xuan give Mr. Nanguo more rewards
A. Because Mr. Nanguo was the leader.
B. Because Mr. Nanguo played the loudest.
C. Because the king thought he was very focused and excellent.
D. Because Mr. Nanguo asked for them.
7. What changed after King Min took the throne
A. He dismissed the entire band.
B. He preferred to listen to the musicians play one by one.
C. He liked an even larger ensemble.
D. He banned the yu.
8. What was Mr. Nanguo's reaction to this change
A. He was excited to show his skill.
B. He taught the new king how to play.
C. He fled in embarrassment.
D. He became the band leader.
9. According to the moral, what is one reason Mr. Nanguo's trick worked at first
A. He was very talented.
B. King Xuan had a system that didn't check individual abilities.
C. The other musicians helped him hide.
D. The yu was a very simple instrument.
10. What is the main lesson of the fable
A. It's important to enjoy music.
B. People without real skills will eventually be exposed.
C. Kings should not listen to music.
D. Large bands are better than solo players.
II. 完形填空题 (Cloze Test)
阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选择最佳答案填入空白处。
King Xuan of Qi loved the sound of the yu, especially when played by a large (1)______. Mr. Nanguo couldn't play the yu, but he (2)______ to join the 500-person band. He (3)______ to play by watching others and making the right (4)______. His yu made no sound, but the king was (5)______ and gave him more rewards. For years, he (6)______ a comfortable life. However, when the new king, King Min, asked musicians to play (7)______, Mr. Nanguo knew he would be (8)______. So he had to (9)______ the palace. This story tells us that those without (10)______ talent cannot deceive others forever.
1. A. ensemble B. sound C. palace D. story
2. A. refused B. volunteered C. forgot D. feared
3. A. learned B. pretended C. decided D. practiced
4. A. music B. poses C. decisions D. sounds
5. A. deceived B. angry C. bored D. sad
6. A. lost B. lived C. found D. changed
7. A. loudly B. together C. badly D. solo
8. A. rewarded B. found out C. praised D. promoted
9. A. enter B. clean C. flee D. build
10. A. real B. pretend C. little D. much
III. 短语填空 (Phrase Fill-in-the-Blanks)
从下方短语框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
`one by one take the throne overjoyed pass away knew nothing about`
`mix in with in this way was a disaster for found out take advantage of`
1. King Xuan was _______________ when he heard the grand sound of the 300-person band.
2. Mr. Nanguo _______________ playing the yu.
3. He managed to _______________ the band and pretend to play.
4. _______________, Mr. Nanguo lived a comfortable life for ten years.
5. After King Xuan _______________, his son became king.
6. King Min _______________ after his father's death.
7. The new king's preference for solos _______________ Mr. Nanguo.
8. King Min wanted to hear the musicians play _______________.
9. Mr. Nanguo knew he would be _______________ sooner or later.
10. He was able to _______________ the system that didn't check individual skills.
IV. 句子翻译 (Translation)
将下列中文句子翻译成英文，要求使用括号内提示的单词或短语。
1. 齐宣王喜欢听许多人一起吹竽。(enjoyed, ensemble)
2. 南郭先生根本不会吹竽。(couldn't... at all)
3. 他自愿加入了吹竽者的队伍。(volunteered to join)
4. 他通过观察别人来假装演奏。(pretended to, by watching)
5. 他的竽没有发出一点声音。(make a single sound)
6. 他在其他乐手中隐藏了十年。(hid among)
7. 齐湣王继承了王位。(took the throne)
8. 南郭先生知道他的好日子不会长久。(would not last)
9. 他最终狼狈地逃跑了。(fled in embarrassment)
10. 没有真才实学的人只能欺骗别人一时。(deceive, for a while)
V. 句型转换题 (Sentence Transformation)
根据要求改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
1. King Xuan loved listening to the yu. He especially enjoyed large ensembles. (用`and`连接句子)
→ King Xuan loved listening to the yu ______ ______ enjoyed large ensembles.
2. "I will join the band," Mr. Nanguo said. (改为间接引语)
→ Mr. Nanguo said that ______ ______ join the band.
3. He held the yu upside down. He corrected his posture after seeing others. (用`but`连接句子)
→ He held the yu upside down, ______ ______ corrected his posture after seeing others.
4. The king saw his focused expression. The king thought he was an excellent player. (用`and`连接句子)
→ The king saw his focused expression ______ ______ he was an excellent player.
5. His good days would not last. He knew this. (合并成一个句子)
→ He ______ ______ his good days ______ not last.
6. He fled the palace. He did this in embarrassment. (合并句子，将`in embarrassment`置于句首)
→ ______ ______, he fled the palace.
7. People like Mr. Nanguo have no real talent. They only pretend to be skilled. (用`who`引导的定语从句合并句子)
→ People ______ Mr. Nanguo have no real talent and only pretend to be skilled.
8. King Xuan was deceived by Mr. Nanguo. (改为主动语态)
→ Mr. Nanguo ______ King Xuan.
9. We must check people's abilities. (改为否定句)
→ We ______ ______ people's abilities.
10. The system gave Mr. Nanguo a chance. (改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ the system ______ Mr. Nanguo a chance
练习题答案 (Answer Key)
I. 阅读理解单选题
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B
6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B
II. 完形填空题
1. A (ensemble)
2. B (volunteered)
3. B (pretended)
4. B (poses)
5. A (deceived)
6. B (lived)
7. D (solo)
8. B (found out)
9. C (flee)
10. A (real)
III. 短语填空
1. overjoyed
2. knew nothing about
3. mix in with
4. In this way
5. passed away
6. took the throne
7. was a disaster for
8. one by one
9. found out
10. take advantage of
IV. 句子翻译
1. King Xuan enjoyed listening to many people play the yu together in an ensemble.
2. Mr. Nanguo couldn't play the yu at all.
3. He volunteered to join the team of yu players.
4. He pretended to play by watching others.
5. His yu didn't make a single sound.
6. He hid among the other musicians for ten years.
7. King Min of Qi took the throne.
8. Mr. Nanguo knew his good days would not last.
9. He fled in embarrassment in the end.
10. People with no real talent can only deceive others for a while.
V. 句型转换题
1. and especially (King Xuan loved listening to the yu and especially enjoyed large ensembles.)
2. he would (Mr. Nanguo said that he would join the band.)
3. but he (He held the yu upside down, but he corrected his posture after seeing others.)
4. and thought (The king saw his focused expression and thought he was an excellent player.)
5. knew that, would (He knew that his good days would not last.)
6. In embarrassment ( In embarrassment, he fled the palace.)
7. like (People like Mr. Nanguo have no real talent and only pretend to be skilled.)
8. deceived (Mr. Nanguo deceived King Xuan.)
9. must not check (We must not check people's abilities. 注意：根据课文寓意，原意是“必须检查”，改为否定是“绝不能不去检查”，但根据转换题习惯，直接改为否定。)
10. Did, give ( Did the system give Mr. Nanguo a chance )

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