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Unit 3语法讲练：名词所有格的用法
名词的所有格是英语中表示所属关系的重要语法形式。掌握名词所有格的用法对于准确表达"谁的"这一概念至关重要。
一、名词所有格的基本构成
1. 一般情况下，在名词后加 's
a child's dream 孩子的梦想
someone's bag 某人的包
my father's friend 我父亲的朋友
2. 以-s结尾的复数名词，在词尾加 '
the boys' schoolbags 男孩们的书包
the students' classroom 学生们的教室
the teachers' office 老师们的办公室
3. 以-s结尾的单数名词，通常加 's
the boss's car 老板的车
Charles's book 查尔斯的书
二、名词所有格的用法区别
1. 有生命的名词多采用 's 所有格形式：
the dog's tail 狗的尾巴
Mary's dress 玛丽的裙子
2. 无生命的名词多采用 of 所有格形式：
the window of the house 房子的窗户
the end of the year 年末
the gate of our school 我们学校的大门
3. 双重所有格：a friend of my father's
这种形式含有"我父亲有不止一个朋友"的意思，而 my father's friend 没有这层含义。
三、特殊情况的处理
1. 并列名词的所有格：
如果表示共同所有，在最后一个名词后加 's：
Tom and Jerry's house 汤姆和杰瑞的房子（共同拥有）
如果表示各自所有，在每个名词后都加 's：
Tom's and Jerry's rooms 汤姆的房间和杰瑞的房间（各自拥有）
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、价格的名词可用 's 所有格：
today's newspaper 今天的报纸
ten minutes' walk 十分钟的步行
two pounds' weight 两磅的重量
名词所有格专项练习
一、单项选择
1. This is ______ book.
A. Tom
B. Toms
C. Tom's
2. The ______ room is very clean.
A. children's
B. childrens'
C. childrens's
3. That is ______.
A. James's car
B. James' car
C. James car
4. These are the ______ toys.
A. boy's
B. boys'
C. boys's
5. The cover ______ the book is blue.
A. of
B. 's
C. to
6. She is a friend ______.
A. of my mother
B. of my mother's
C. my mother's
7. It's about ______ walk from here.
A. ten minutes
B. ten minutes'
C. ten minute's
8. This is ______ and ______ room.
A. Tom's; Jerry's
B. Tom; Jerry's
C. Tom; Jerry
9. The ______ shoes are under the bed.
A. girls'
B. girl's
C. girls's
10. That's the ______ decision.
A. government's
B. government
C. of government
二、用适当的所有格形式填空
1. This is my ______ (sister) book.
2. The ______ (teachers) office is on the second floor.
3. That is ______ (James) new bicycle.
4. These are the ______ (children) toys.
5. The color ______ the wall is white.
6. She is a colleague ______ my father.
7. It's about twenty ______ (minute) walk.
8. ______ (today) homework is difficult.
9. The ______ (dog) food is in the kitchen.
10. That's ______ (Charles) umbrella.
三、改为所有格形式
1. the room of the children
____________________________
2. the toys of the boys
____________________________
3. the car of my parents
____________________________
4. the house of Mr. Smith
____________________________
5. the books of the students
____________________________
6. the voice of the singer
____________________________
7. the tail of the dog
____________________________
8. the wings of the bird
____________________________
9. the computer of my brother
____________________________
10. the garden of our neighbors
____________________________
四、区分双重所有格和普通所有格
1. He is my father's friend. (只有一个朋友)
他是我父亲的朋友。
He is a friend of my father's. (有多个朋友)
他是我父亲的一个朋友。
根据括号中的提示翻译句子：
2. 这是我姐姐的裙子。（只有一条裙子）
____________________________
3. 他是我妹妹的一个同学。（有多个同学）
____________________________
4. 那是我老师的书。（只有一本书）
____________________________
5. 她是我母亲的一个同事。（有多个同事）
____________________________
6. 这是我弟弟的自行车。（只有一辆自行车）
____________________________
五、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 男孩们的足球在操场上。
The ______ football is on the playground.
2. 今天的报纸在桌子上。
______ newspaper is on the table.
3. 这是我父母的房间。
This is my ______ room.
4. 十分钟的步行不算远。
Ten ______ walk is not far.
5. 我们学校的大门很漂亮。
The gate ______ is very beautiful.
6. 玛丽的头发很长。
______ hair is very long.
7. 这本书的封面是红色的。
The cover ______ is red.
8. 学生们的书在书桌上。
The ______ books are on the desk.
9. 狗的食物在厨房里。
The ______ food is in the kitchen.
10. 他是我哥哥的一个朋友。
He is a friend ______.
六、改错题
1. This is James' book.
____________________________
2. The childrens' toys are everywhere.
____________________________
3. That's my father friend.
____________________________
4. The girls's room is pink.
____________________________
5. It's five minute's walk.
____________________________
6. This is Tom and Jerry house.
____________________________
7. The car's color is red.
____________________________
8. She is a friend of my mother.
____________________________
9. The teachers's office is large.
____________________________
10. That's the window of room.
____________________________
参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5: CAABA
6-10: BBAAB
二、用适当的所有格形式填空
1. sister's
2. teachers'
3. James's / James'
4. children's
5. of
6. of
7. minutes'
8. Today's
9. dog's
10. Charles's / Charles'
三、改为所有格形式
1. the children's room
2. the boys' toys
3. my parents' car
4. Mr. Smith's house
5. the students' books
6. the singer's voice
7. the dog's tail
8. the bird's wings
9. my brother's computer
10. our neighbors' garden
四、区分双重所有格和普通所有格
2. This is my sister's dress.
3. He is a classmate of my sister's.
4. That is my teacher's book.
5. She is a colleague of my mother's.
6. This is my brother's bicycle.
五、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. boys'
2. Today's
3. parents'
4. minutes'
5. of our school
6. Mary's
7. of the book
8. students'
9. dog's
10. of my brother's
六、改错题
1. James' → James's (或正确，两种形式都可接受)
2. childrens' → children's
3. father → father's
4. girls's → girls'
5. minute's → minutes'
6. Jerry → Jerry's
7. car's color → color of the car (或 the car's color 可接受)
8. mother → mother's
9. teachers's → teachers'
10. of room → of the room

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