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黑龙江省大庆市2025年初中学业水平考试英语试题
（2025·大庆） Choose the best answer according to the passage you read.阅读短文，回答问题
We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12. It brings us closer to each other and to the wonders of nature. Many other countries also celebrate trees with festivals and holidays. But as you will see, not all of them fall in spring.
Peru Yunsa is a celebration of new life at the end of the local carnival (狂欢节). Couples take turns dancing around a small tree. After that, they cut it down. This stands for a new beginning. Following an ancient tradition, people then plant a young tree in the place of the old one.
The United Kingdom The British celebrate National Tree Week at the start of the tree-planting season in November. They also celebrate National Tree Dressing Day on the first weekend in December. On that day, they have something beautiful and special hung in the trees.
Morocco Thousands of trees in the town of Tafraoute produce many of Morocco's almonds (杏仁).To celebrate this natural gift, Tafraoute hosts the Almond Blossom Festival every year. The date of the event depends on when the trees flower. People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night.
Israel Tu BiShvat is known to people in Israel. It means "New Year of the Trees". This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel.
1．When do we Chinese celebrate Arbor Day
A．On March 12. B．On March 20.
C．On April 12. D．On April 15.
2．Which countries celebrate tree festivals with dancing
A．Peru and Morocco.
B．Israel and Morocco.
C．Peru and the United Kingdom.
D．The United Kingdom and Israel.
3．What do people do in Israel for the tree festival
A．They celebrate a natural gift—almonds.
B．They cut trees down and plant new ones.
C．They make the trees beautiful with something special.
D．They have a meal and make donations to organizations.
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
This summer, the students in our class were required to give a presentation (演示活动) on traditional Chinese culture in English. As a girl who is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the topic for my group. My team members reached an agreement because we considered this topic easy to win the competition and I was chosen as the group leader.
When I was told that the best team in my grade would have the chance to act at our school's Foreign Language Festival, the strong wish to shine at the festival pushed me to work harder. To improve the quality of the presentation, I added some special art forms. Also, as the leader of the whole team, I had to plan everything and, as instructed, keep it to five minutes. I did what I could to organize our presentation.
While I was preparing for the presentation, I learned much more about Chinese tea culture. I came to realise that my understanding of it was not enough. "Tea culture, with its special magic and long history, lights the way for us modern people to return to nature and find inner (内心的) peace."
As the presentation ended, I found that it was the magic of tea culture, not the presentation itself, that truly attracted me. Through this event, I understood that Chinese tea culture is more than a topic, but a symbol of the ancient stories waiting for us to further explore. By exploring the tradition, I ended up finding a sense of inner peace.
4．What is the writer's presentation about
A．Teamwork. B．Presentation skills.
C．Chinese tea culture. D．Ancient stories.
5．Why did the writer work harder for the presentation
A．To be the leader of the whole team.
B．To keep the presentation to five minutes.
C．To add some special art forms to the presentation.
D．To shine at the school's Foreign Language Festival.
6．What did the writer realise when preparing for the presentation
A．Her understanding of tea culture was deep.
B．Tea culture helps people find inner peace.
C．Modern people dislike returning to nature.
D．Her preparation for the presentation was not enough.
7．What do we know about the writer from the text
A．She is strange and serious.
B．She is honest and helpful.
C．She likes to explore and think.
D．She likes to push others to work.
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
There are many ways to avoid food waste. For example, we could buy only what we need or do not order more food than we can finish. But the French city of Colmar has a more creative idea. In 2015, it started handing out free chickens to its people.
Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project "one family, one hen" and put it into practice by starting to work with two chicken farms. He told the local people that the benefit of raising a chicken would be seen quickly. At first, more than 200 homes took part. Each family was given two chickens after promising to take good care of chickens. Later, the project turned out to be a big success. Over the years, more homes have joined in.
Up to now, the government has given more than five thousand chickens to homes. But don't think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment. The chickens are fed on what is left in a meal, and food waste has been therefore greatly reduced. "A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year," said Gilbert.
There's a deeper reason for the effort. Food waste goes bad quickly and causes more methane (甲烷) than any other type of waste. The gas has a greater long-term global warming effect than CO2. Today, around a third of the world's food is wasted every year. That makes up 8 to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放). It's worth the effort to save as much food as possible from going to waste.
8．What project did Gilbert Meyer think of
A．One family, one hen. B．Work on chicken farms.
C．Buy only what we need. D．More chickens, more happiness.
9．What's the meaning of the underlined word "generated" in Paragraph 3
A．Fought. B．Imagined. C．Produced. D．Discussed.
10．How many kilograms of food waste does a chicken probably eat in 4 years
A．54.75. B．109.5. C．164.25. D．219.
11．What can be the best title for the text
A．Chickens for Free Eggs. B．Efforts to Recycle Waste.
C．Food Waste Growing More. D．Chickens against Food Waste.
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
China has made some changes in its food labels (标签) recently and three of them have become a heated topic.
To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read. Information, such as sugar, salt and unhealthy fats in their products, should be clearly included on the label. By doing so, the government hopes this will encourage healthier eating habits among people. At the same time, it is required that common allergens (过敏原) should be included on the label as well, which will possibly help people avoid risks.
Another new requirement is that labels such as "no additives (添加剂)" or "zero additives" should no longer be allowed. The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not. Take a famous food company as an example. In order to increase sales, the label "zero additives" was added to its products, proving there were no harmful things. However, recently the label has been questioned. Tests have found small amounts of harmful additives in its products. Many people came to believe the "zero" label was just a marketing lie.
The use of digital labels is also worth panies are being advised to have QR codes (二维码) included on food labels. This allows customers to get more information about the product. This is helpful for people who want to learn more about what they are eating. More than 400 products have already used this smart labeling system.
Food safety has always been among top cares for every Chinese. By making these changes in food labels, China hopes to help people make healthier and safer food choices.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Food producers refuse changes in food labels.
B．Food labels are required to be easier and clearer.
C．Healthier eating habits will encourage clearer labels.
D．Changes in food labels are mainly about common allergens.
13．Why is a food company mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．To introduce the food company to shoppers.
B．To show the food company's changes in food labels.
C．To prove that some labels can wrongly lead shoppers.
D．To compare "zero additives" labels with digital ones.
14．How does the writer develop the text (P1 stands for paragraph 1.)
A． B．
C． D．
15．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text
A．Food and health. B．Medical research.
C．Technology progress. D．Language and literature.
（2025·大庆） Choose the sentences to complete the passage.阅读还原
Why do Fish Travel in Schools (群)
Have you ever seen fish swimming together in a school It's quite an amazing sight! They move together, turning and changing directions at the same time. It makes you wonder: 　16． 　In fact, the answer is no. Each fish finds its own direction. Researchers George Lauder from Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this for a long time. Now, they have discovered that fish can save a lot of energy by schooling.
In the experiment, the two researchers put giant danio, a fish that likes to swim in schools, in a tank (水箱). 　17． 　 Other times, they put just one fish in. As we all know, by measuring (测量) how much O2 people use when exercising, we can know how much energy people use. The method also goes for fish. 　18． 　
The results were interesting and clear. Schooling fish used less O2 than those swimming alone. And they took less time to become energetic again. 　19． 　 The researchers repeated this experiment five times to make sure the results were right. By schooling, fish can save energy for other important things, says Frank Fish from West Chester University. 　20． 　 For adults, they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them.
So, next time you see fish swimming in schools, you'll know it's not just a beautiful sight—it's also a smart living skill for them.
A. Why do they swim in a school B. Is there someone directing them how to move C. Adult fish in a school are not afraid of anything. D. In other words, they were full of energy in a shorter time. E. Sometimes, the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time. F. For example, young fish can put the saved energy into growth. G. So researchers used a special machine to measure how much O2 fish used when swimming.
（2025·大庆） Choose the best answer to complete the passage.完形填空
Amy is a 15-year-old girl. When she was young, she was always wasting 21． getting prepared to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once.
One morning, Amy was playing in the village and met Mr Thornton. Mr Thornton had a 22． where he sold fruits of all kinds. He said to Amy, "Well, Amy, I 23． some fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries on Mr Green's farm today. He said that anybody was welcome to pick them. I will 24． 13 cents a kilogram for all you pick for me." Amy was 25． about the thought of making some money to help her mom. So she quickly ran home to get a basket to hold the strawberries.
When she got back home, she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five kilograms. 26． she found out that she would get 65 cents, she started to dream big, "If I pick twelve kilograms, how much should I make then " "Dear me!" she 27． happily, after thinking for a while, "I can make a dollar and fifty-six cents!" It took her some time to dream 28． . And then it was so near lunchtime that she had to stay at home until the afternoon.
As soon as lunch was over, she took her basket and hurried to the farm. She could not find half a kilogram to 29． her basket because some boys had been there before lunch, and all the ripe strawberries were picked. Then she 30． what her teacher often told her: "Do your task at once; then think about it. One doer is worth 100 dreamers."
21．A． money B． time C． food D． paper
22．A． kitchen B． factory C． store D． theatre
23．A． hid B． broke C． swept D． saw
24．A． lend B． pay C． lay D． waste
25．A． calm B． excited C． patient D． polite
26．A． Though B． Unless C． After D． Before
27．A． jumped B． passed C． escaped D． replied
28．A． longer B． harder C． faster D． bigger
29．A． fill B． repair C． drop D． control
30．A． threw away B． depended on
C． thought of D． looked for
（2025·大庆） Fill in each blank with a proper form of the word given or a proper word.语法填空
Hi, my young friends! I am Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Here I am writing to share my story with you.
I was born in 1909. I am 116 years old now. My　31． 　 (build) was Zhan Tianyou, a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railway 　32． 　 other countries' help. So he built me, China's first self-built railway. At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽).Their top speed was only 35 km/h. Then, the trains 　33． 　 (start) to use diesel (柴油). Later, there were even better trains that used electricity. It took 　34． 　 (simple) three hours to finish the trip.
In 2020, the new high-speed railway opened on December 30. I was so 　35． 　 (please).People only needed to spend 47 minutes　36． 　 (travel) from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the two host　37． 　 (city) for the event, welcomed lots of people from around the world. The railway played 　38． 　important role.
Although I am too old 　39． 　 (keep) working these days, people will keep me as part of history. I am a little sad, 　40． 　 still proud of all the achievements that China has made in the past few years. Zhan Tianyou must be proud, too.
（2025·大庆）阅读补充句子
The Secret to Enjoying a Hobby
Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way. I never tried to remember the names of all the different moves. Every morning, I'd just find a place at the back of the class and copy the person in front of me. With no pressure to become better at it, I stuck to the hobby.
But for many people, sticking to a hobby can bring much pressure. One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby. Many times, I have heard people express their wishes to run. But before long, they begin to think about proving themselves, like winning a place in a half-marathon (半程马拉松). The idea of training for a half-marathon, however, may stop them from sticking to the hobby.
Many of us are already under great pressure in our work. Then why not see our hobbies just for fun Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind. We can calm our "thinking mind" while we just focus on an interesting hobby. There is no pressure of success or failure. Pick up or put down hobbies as you like.
Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!
Use words with proper meanings and grammatical rules to fill in the blanks.
(Only one word for one blank.)
41．Last summer, I started doing yoga just to 　 　 after a 　 　 working day in a healthy way.
42．One study shows that the 　 　 lifespan of a hobby is 16 months and one main 　 　 is their strong wish to be excellent.
43．Experts say that having a hobby just 　 　 fun not only makes it more enjoyable but also has a big win for the 　 　.
44．We can 　 　 our "thinking mind" while we just focus on an interesting hobby and I hope to get more laughs 　 　 wounds from skating.
45．What do you think is the secret to enjoying a hobby
46．（2025·大庆） 假定你是红星中学的学生小娜，毕业在即，学校摄影社团拟制作"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频，现面向全体同学征集拍摄建议。请你用英语写一封邮件，对视频录制内容提出建议。
写作提示：1. 校园之美：校园风景、建筑等；
2. 温暖瞬间：老师耐心答疑、真诚帮助等；
同学间讨论问题、互帮互助等；
3. 成长祝福：……
参考词汇：shoot a video（拍摄视频） campus scenery（校园风景）
explain questions patiently（耐心答疑） express sincere wishes（表达真诚的祝福）
写作要求：1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 写作词数应为90个左右（首段已给出，不计入总词数）；
3. 不得泄露个人信息。
Dear Photography Club,
I am Xiao Na. Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our graduation video, I am writing to offer my suggestions.
Yours,
Xiao Na
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．D
【知识点】说明文；其他节假日与庆祝活动；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几个国家庆祝树木的节日的情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据"We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12."可知，我们中国人每年都会在3月12日庆祝植树节。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据"Peru ... Couples take turns dancing around a small tree."和"Morocco ... People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night."可知，秘鲁人会围着小树跳舞，摩洛哥人在杏花节上也会跳舞。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据"Israel ... This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel."可知，以色列的树木新年里，人们会一起用餐，还会向植树组织捐款。故选D。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者主动探索茶文化并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题以及推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
4．细节理解题。根据"As a girl who is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the topic for my group."可知，作为一个对中国茶文化非常感兴趣的女孩，我立刻提议将此作为我们小组的研究主题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据"When I was told that the best team in my grade would have the chance to act at our school's Foreign Language Festival, the strong wish to shine at the festival pushed me to work harder."可知，当得知我们年级最优秀的团队将有机会在我们学校的外语节上表演时，想要在节会上大放异彩的强烈愿望促使我更加努力地练习。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据"By exploring the tradition, I ended up finding a sense of inner peace."可知，茶文化帮助人们找到内心的平静。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据"but a symbol of the ancient stories waiting for us to further explore."以及"I learned much more about Chinese tea culture"可知，全文体现她主动探索茶文化，并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．D
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
8．细节理解题。根据"Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project ‘one family, one hen'"可知，吉尔伯特·迈耶提出"一个家庭，一只母鸡"项目。故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据"But don't think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment."可知，不要仅仅将这些鸡用于获取免费鸡蛋，这一举措还对环境……了积极影响。结合上下文，养鸡通过消化食物垃圾减少了浪费，说明该行动"产生"了效果。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据"A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year"可知，一只鸡的平均寿命约为四年，每年会消耗约54.75千克的厨余垃圾，所以4年大约消耗219千克。故选D。
11．标题选择题。全文核心是法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题，选项D"鸡对抗食物浪费"符合主题，故选D。
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．B
15．A
【知识点】说明文；健康饮食；推理判断；文章结构；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论食品安全和健康问题，旨在帮助人们做出更健康、更安全的食品选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，篇章结构题和文章出处题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做篇章结构题时，首先，快速浏览文章标题、开头和结尾，以及段落间的过渡句，以判断文章的体裁（如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等）。每种体裁都有其独特的结构和语言特点。例如，议论文通常包含引言、论点、论据和结论；说明文则侧重于解释和说明某一事物或现象。了解不同体裁文章的常见结构，如"问题-解决"、"原因-结果"、"比较-对比"等。识别文章中各段落的作用，如引言段引出话题，主体段展开论述，结论段总结观点。抓住主题句，段落中的首句或末句往往是该段的主题句，概括了段落的主要内容。提炼信息，若无明显主题句，则需通过提炼段落中的关键词、短语来概括大意。把握文章脉络，通过识别连接词，可以更好地理解文章的逻辑结构和作者的写作思路。整体把握，篇章结构题往往要求考生从整体上把握文章，因此要注意段落间、句子间的联系。做文章出处题时，要仔细阅读全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心观点及主要事实，提炼信息，注意文章涉及的主题、领域、观点倾向等，这些信息往往能反映文章的来源。分析文章风格，识别语言特点，注意文章的语言风格，如正式、非正式、学术性、通俗性等，这有助于判断文章可能出自的媒体类型。观察结构，文章的篇章结构、段落安排也能反映其出处。通过逻辑推理与综合分析，并在理解文章内容、分析文章风格、查找关键词的基础上，运用逻辑推理能力，综合考虑各种因素，推断出文章的可能出处。
12．细节理解题。根据"To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read."可知，政府要求食品标签应设计得更简洁、更易于阅读。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据"The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not."可知，第三段提到某公司为吸引顾客而印上"零添加剂"字样，却被检测出含有少量有害添加剂，说明这类标签可能误导消费者。故选C。
14．篇章结构题。图示：总分结构，P1总起，P2-4分述三点变化。 文章采用总分结构：第一段总述中国食品标签的三点变化引发热议，随后三段分别详细说明三点变化（标签清晰化、禁止误导性标注、推广数字标签）。因此，选项B的图示正确反映了文章结构。故选B。
15．文章出处题。文章围绕食品标签改革展开，核心目的是帮助人们做出更健康、安全的饮食选择，与"食品与健康"主题高度契合。其他选项（医学研究、技术进步、语言文学）与内容无关。故选A。
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．D；20．F
【知识点】科普类；说明文；自然现象
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍鱼为何会成群游动。备选项的中文意思：
A. 它们为什么成群结队地游泳呢？
B. 有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？
C. 鱼群中的成年鱼什么都不怕。
D. 换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。
E. 有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。
F. 例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。
G. 因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（阅读还原）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。阅读还原空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
16．根据"It makes you wonder: ... In fact, the answer is no. Each fish finds its own direction."可知，鱼群同步游动令人好奇，后文直接否定"事实上，答案是否定的。每条鱼自己找方向。"选项B"有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？"符合语境，故选B。
17．根据"In the experiment, the two researchers put giant danio, a fish that likes to swim in schools, in a tank (水箱). ... Other times, they put just one fish in."可知，有时研究人员一次放八条鱼。这直接补充"有时"的细节，与"其他时间只放一条鱼"形成对比。选项E"有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。"符合语境，故选E。
18．根据"As we all know, by measuring (测量) how much O2 people use when exercising, we can know how much energy people use. The method also goes for fish."可知，通过测量人们在运动时消耗的氧气量，我们就能知道他们消耗了多少能量。这种方法同样适用于鱼类。选项G"因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。"符合语境，故选G。
19．根据"And they took less time to become energetic again."可知，它们恢复精力所需的时间也更短了。选项D"换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。"符合语境，故选D。
20．根据"For adults, they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them."可知，鱼群可节省能量用于重要事情，后文具体说成年鱼用于繁殖或逃避捕食者。选项F"例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。"符合语境，故选F。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．D；29．A；30．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了总是在想应该做什么，但是行动却跟不上的女孩艾米。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
21．句意：在她年幼时，总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，而不是直接去完成任务。money金钱；time时间；food食物；paper纸张。根据"When she was young, she was always wasting... getting prepared to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once."可知，艾米总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，故选B。
22．句意：桑顿先生有一家商店，里面出售各种各样的水果。kitchen厨房；factory工厂；store商店；theatre剧院。根据"where he sold fruits of all kinds"可知，商店里面出售各种各样的水果，故选C。
23．句意：艾米，今天我在格林先生的农场里看到了一些非常成熟的草莓。hid隐藏； broke打破； swept打扫； saw看到。 根据"I some fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries"可知，看到了一些非常成熟的草莓，故选D。
24．句意： 我会按每公斤13美分的价格收购你采摘的所有果实。lend借出； pay支付； lay放置； waste浪费。 根据"I will 13 cents a kilogram for all you pick for me." 可知，会按每公斤13美分的价格收购，此处是pay... for...。 故选B。
25．句意：艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。calm平静的； excited兴奋的； patient耐心的； polite礼貌的。 根据"Amy was about the thought of making some money to help her mom." 可知，艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。 故选B。
26．句意：在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想："如果我采摘12公斤，那我能赚多少钱呢？ "Though 虽然；Unless除非；After在……之后；Before在……之前。根据"...she found out that she would get 65 cents, she started to dream big"可知，在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想，故选C。
27．句意： "天哪！"经过一番思考后，她兴奋地回答道"我能赚到一美元五十六美分！ "jumped跳跃；passed经过；escaped逃跑；replied回答。根据" "I can make a dollar and fifty-six cents! "可知，此处表示她回答。故选D。
28．句意： 花了她一些时间开始更长的畅想。longer更久； harder更努力； faster更快； bigger更大。根据前文"she started to dream big"可知，是更大胆的畅想，故选D。
29．句意：她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，因为午餐前有一些男孩已经来过这里了，所有的成熟草莓都被摘光了。fill装满； repair修理； drop掉落； control控制。 根据"She could not find half a kilogram to...her basket"可知，她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，故选A。
30．句意： 随后，她想起了老师常对她说的话："立刻完成任务，然后再思考一下。 一个实干者胜过一百个空想者。 "threw away扔掉；depended on依赖；thought of想起；looked for寻找。根据"Then she...what her teacher often told her:"可知，她想起了老师常对她说的话，故选C。
【答案】31．builder；32．without；33．started；34．simply；35．pleased；36．traveling；37．cities；38．an；39．to keep；40．but
【知识点】一般过去时；记叙文；可数名词的单数；方式副词；交通方式
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇以拟人化自述形式呈现的教育性历史叙事文，文章以北京——张家口铁路的口吻介绍一些信息。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，介词，时态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
31．句意：我的建造者是詹天佑，他是一位勇敢且聪明的人。build，建立，动词。空处为句子的主语，空处表示"建造者"，builder，可数名词，根据主谓一致原则以及was可知，主语应用其单数形式。故填builder。
32．句意：他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路。根据"He believed China should build its own railway...other countries' help."可知，他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路，故空处表示"没有"，without，介词，符合语境。故填without。
33．句意：随后，火车开始使用柴油作为动力。start，开始，动词。空处为句子的谓语，结合上下文语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的动作，故谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填started。
34．句意：整个旅程只需三个小时就能完成。simple，简单的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰动词took，应用其副词形式。故填simply。
35．句意：我非常高兴。please，请/使高兴/使满意，动词。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"高兴的"，pleased，符合语境。故填pleased。
36．句意：人们从北京到张家口只需花费47分钟。travel，旅行，动词。此处表示"花时间做某事"，
spend time doing sth，固定短语，符合语境，故空处应用其动名词形式。故填travelling/
traveling。
37．句意：在2022年北京冬奥会期间，作为此次赛事的两个主办城市，北京和张家口迎来了众多来自世界各地的游客。city，城市，可数名词。two修饰可数名词复数，故填cities。
38．句意：这条铁路发挥了重要作用。固定短语 "play an important role"（发挥重要作用），"important" 以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 "an"故填an。
39．句意：虽然如今我年纪太大，无法再继续工作了，但人们仍将我铭记于心，将我视为历史的一部分。keep，保持/保留/遵守，动词。根据"Although I am too old...working these days"可知，此处是too...to..."太……而不能"。故填to keep。
40．句意：我感到有些难过，但同时也很为中国的过去几年所取得的成就感到骄傲。前文 "I am a little sad"（我有点难过）与后文 "still proud"（仍然自豪）存在转折关系，需用转折连词 "but" 连接，故填but。
【答案】41．relax；tiring
42．average；reason
43．for；mind
44．calm；than
45．Seeing hobbies just for fun.
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍享受爱好的秘诀。
【点评】考查阅读补充句子。阅读补充句子旨在检验学生对文章的理解能力、语法掌握程度以及词汇运用能力。注意：
1.仔细阅读全文。 在开始答题前，务必先通读全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文关系。这有助于把握句子的背景和语境，从而更准确地选择答案。
2.分析句子结构。识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，这有助于理解句子的主要意思和逻辑关系。 注意句子中可能存在的从句、短语和特殊结构，它们可能包含重要的信息或线索。
3.注意一致性。代词和名词的一致性：确保所选答案中的代词与前文提到的名词在单复数、性、数等方面保持一致。时态和语态的一致性：根据上下文确定所需的时态和语态，并确保所选答案与之一致。
4. 逻辑推理。当答案不明显时，需要根据上下文和常识进行逻辑推理。通过上下文的线索和逻辑关系，推断出答案中缺失的内容。
41．根据"Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way."可知，把瑜伽当爱好的初衷只是在辛苦的工作日结束后，能以一种健康的方式放松身心。故填relax；tiring。
42．根据"One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby."可知，一项研究表明，一项爱好活动的平均持续时间约为16个月。造成这一现象的一个主要原因是人们有着强烈的愿望想要在该爱好方面做到出色。故填average；reason。
43．根据"Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind."可知，专家们表示，仅仅出于乐趣而拥有的爱好不仅会让其更具趣味性，而且对大脑也有很大的益处。故填for；mind。
44．根据"We can calm our ‘thinking mind' while we just focus on an interesting hobby."和"Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!"可知，我们可以暂时放空"思考大脑"，全身心投入到一项有趣的爱好中去。我希望通过滑冰能收获更多的欢笑，而非受伤。故填calm；than。
45．开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，注意字数要求。参考答案为Seeing hobbies just for fun.
46．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Photography Club，
I am Xiao Na. Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our graduation video，I am writing to offer my suggestions.
First，the video should show the beauty of our campus，like the lovely garden and the grand teaching buildings. Then，it can include warm moments. For example，teachers explain questions patiently to students and sincerely help them. Also，classmates discuss problems together and help each other. Finally，we can express sincere wishes for our growth. We can record students and teachers saying good wishes for the future. I hope these suggestions are helpful. Yours，
Xiao Na
【知识点】应用文写作；学校生活；校园文化；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以红星中学学生小娜的身份写一份电子邮件给学校摄影社团，对主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容提供建议。写作背景：小娜学校的摄影社团就主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容向全体同学征集拍摄建议。内容包括：1. 阐述写作目的；2. 提供视频录制的具体建议（从校园之美、温暖瞬间、成长祝福等方面阐述）；3. 表达被采纳的期望。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为90个左右。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 高分句子： Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our
graduation video，I am writing to offer my suggestions. （运用了现在分词作状语以及动词不定式做目的状语）； We can record students and teachers saying good wishes for the future. （运用了现在分词作宾语补足语）；I hope these suggestions are helpful.（运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句）。2. 亮点词汇：for example例如；help each other相互帮助。
1 / 1黑龙江省大庆市2025年初中学业水平考试英语试题
（2025·大庆） Choose the best answer according to the passage you read.阅读短文，回答问题
We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12. It brings us closer to each other and to the wonders of nature. Many other countries also celebrate trees with festivals and holidays. But as you will see, not all of them fall in spring.
Peru Yunsa is a celebration of new life at the end of the local carnival (狂欢节). Couples take turns dancing around a small tree. After that, they cut it down. This stands for a new beginning. Following an ancient tradition, people then plant a young tree in the place of the old one.
The United Kingdom The British celebrate National Tree Week at the start of the tree-planting season in November. They also celebrate National Tree Dressing Day on the first weekend in December. On that day, they have something beautiful and special hung in the trees.
Morocco Thousands of trees in the town of Tafraoute produce many of Morocco's almonds (杏仁).To celebrate this natural gift, Tafraoute hosts the Almond Blossom Festival every year. The date of the event depends on when the trees flower. People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night.
Israel Tu BiShvat is known to people in Israel. It means "New Year of the Trees". This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel.
1．When do we Chinese celebrate Arbor Day
A．On March 12. B．On March 20.
C．On April 12. D．On April 15.
2．Which countries celebrate tree festivals with dancing
A．Peru and Morocco.
B．Israel and Morocco.
C．Peru and the United Kingdom.
D．The United Kingdom and Israel.
3．What do people do in Israel for the tree festival
A．They celebrate a natural gift—almonds.
B．They cut trees down and plant new ones.
C．They make the trees beautiful with something special.
D．They have a meal and make donations to organizations.
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．D
【知识点】说明文；其他节假日与庆祝活动；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几个国家庆祝树木的节日的情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据"We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12."可知，我们中国人每年都会在3月12日庆祝植树节。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据"Peru ... Couples take turns dancing around a small tree."和"Morocco ... People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night."可知，秘鲁人会围着小树跳舞，摩洛哥人在杏花节上也会跳舞。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据"Israel ... This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel."可知，以色列的树木新年里，人们会一起用餐，还会向植树组织捐款。故选D。
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
This summer, the students in our class were required to give a presentation (演示活动) on traditional Chinese culture in English. As a girl who is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the topic for my group. My team members reached an agreement because we considered this topic easy to win the competition and I was chosen as the group leader.
When I was told that the best team in my grade would have the chance to act at our school's Foreign Language Festival, the strong wish to shine at the festival pushed me to work harder. To improve the quality of the presentation, I added some special art forms. Also, as the leader of the whole team, I had to plan everything and, as instructed, keep it to five minutes. I did what I could to organize our presentation.
While I was preparing for the presentation, I learned much more about Chinese tea culture. I came to realise that my understanding of it was not enough. "Tea culture, with its special magic and long history, lights the way for us modern people to return to nature and find inner (内心的) peace."
As the presentation ended, I found that it was the magic of tea culture, not the presentation itself, that truly attracted me. Through this event, I understood that Chinese tea culture is more than a topic, but a symbol of the ancient stories waiting for us to further explore. By exploring the tradition, I ended up finding a sense of inner peace.
4．What is the writer's presentation about
A．Teamwork. B．Presentation skills.
C．Chinese tea culture. D．Ancient stories.
5．Why did the writer work harder for the presentation
A．To be the leader of the whole team.
B．To keep the presentation to five minutes.
C．To add some special art forms to the presentation.
D．To shine at the school's Foreign Language Festival.
6．What did the writer realise when preparing for the presentation
A．Her understanding of tea culture was deep.
B．Tea culture helps people find inner peace.
C．Modern people dislike returning to nature.
D．Her preparation for the presentation was not enough.
7．What do we know about the writer from the text
A．She is strange and serious.
B．She is honest and helpful.
C．She likes to explore and think.
D．She likes to push others to work.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者主动探索茶文化并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题以及推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
4．细节理解题。根据"As a girl who is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the topic for my group."可知，作为一个对中国茶文化非常感兴趣的女孩，我立刻提议将此作为我们小组的研究主题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据"When I was told that the best team in my grade would have the chance to act at our school's Foreign Language Festival, the strong wish to shine at the festival pushed me to work harder."可知，当得知我们年级最优秀的团队将有机会在我们学校的外语节上表演时，想要在节会上大放异彩的强烈愿望促使我更加努力地练习。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据"By exploring the tradition, I ended up finding a sense of inner peace."可知，茶文化帮助人们找到内心的平静。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据"but a symbol of the ancient stories waiting for us to further explore."以及"I learned much more about Chinese tea culture"可知，全文体现她主动探索茶文化，并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。故选C。
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
There are many ways to avoid food waste. For example, we could buy only what we need or do not order more food than we can finish. But the French city of Colmar has a more creative idea. In 2015, it started handing out free chickens to its people.
Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project "one family, one hen" and put it into practice by starting to work with two chicken farms. He told the local people that the benefit of raising a chicken would be seen quickly. At first, more than 200 homes took part. Each family was given two chickens after promising to take good care of chickens. Later, the project turned out to be a big success. Over the years, more homes have joined in.
Up to now, the government has given more than five thousand chickens to homes. But don't think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment. The chickens are fed on what is left in a meal, and food waste has been therefore greatly reduced. "A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year," said Gilbert.
There's a deeper reason for the effort. Food waste goes bad quickly and causes more methane (甲烷) than any other type of waste. The gas has a greater long-term global warming effect than CO2. Today, around a third of the world's food is wasted every year. That makes up 8 to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放). It's worth the effort to save as much food as possible from going to waste.
8．What project did Gilbert Meyer think of
A．One family, one hen. B．Work on chicken farms.
C．Buy only what we need. D．More chickens, more happiness.
9．What's the meaning of the underlined word "generated" in Paragraph 3
A．Fought. B．Imagined. C．Produced. D．Discussed.
10．How many kilograms of food waste does a chicken probably eat in 4 years
A．54.75. B．109.5. C．164.25. D．219.
11．What can be the best title for the text
A．Chickens for Free Eggs. B．Efforts to Recycle Waste.
C．Food Waste Growing More. D．Chickens against Food Waste.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．D
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
8．细节理解题。根据"Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project ‘one family, one hen'"可知，吉尔伯特·迈耶提出"一个家庭，一只母鸡"项目。故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据"But don't think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment."可知，不要仅仅将这些鸡用于获取免费鸡蛋，这一举措还对环境……了积极影响。结合上下文，养鸡通过消化食物垃圾减少了浪费，说明该行动"产生"了效果。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据"A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year"可知，一只鸡的平均寿命约为四年，每年会消耗约54.75千克的厨余垃圾，所以4年大约消耗219千克。故选D。
11．标题选择题。全文核心是法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题，选项D"鸡对抗食物浪费"符合主题，故选D。
（2025·大庆） 阅读短文，回答问题
China has made some changes in its food labels (标签) recently and three of them have become a heated topic.
To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read. Information, such as sugar, salt and unhealthy fats in their products, should be clearly included on the label. By doing so, the government hopes this will encourage healthier eating habits among people. At the same time, it is required that common allergens (过敏原) should be included on the label as well, which will possibly help people avoid risks.
Another new requirement is that labels such as "no additives (添加剂)" or "zero additives" should no longer be allowed. The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not. Take a famous food company as an example. In order to increase sales, the label "zero additives" was added to its products, proving there were no harmful things. However, recently the label has been questioned. Tests have found small amounts of harmful additives in its products. Many people came to believe the "zero" label was just a marketing lie.
The use of digital labels is also worth panies are being advised to have QR codes (二维码) included on food labels. This allows customers to get more information about the product. This is helpful for people who want to learn more about what they are eating. More than 400 products have already used this smart labeling system.
Food safety has always been among top cares for every Chinese. By making these changes in food labels, China hopes to help people make healthier and safer food choices.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Food producers refuse changes in food labels.
B．Food labels are required to be easier and clearer.
C．Healthier eating habits will encourage clearer labels.
D．Changes in food labels are mainly about common allergens.
13．Why is a food company mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．To introduce the food company to shoppers.
B．To show the food company's changes in food labels.
C．To prove that some labels can wrongly lead shoppers.
D．To compare "zero additives" labels with digital ones.
14．How does the writer develop the text (P1 stands for paragraph 1.)
A． B．
C． D．
15．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text
A．Food and health. B．Medical research.
C．Technology progress. D．Language and literature.
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．B
15．A
【知识点】说明文；健康饮食；推理判断；文章结构；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论食品安全和健康问题，旨在帮助人们做出更健康、更安全的食品选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，篇章结构题和文章出处题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做篇章结构题时，首先，快速浏览文章标题、开头和结尾，以及段落间的过渡句，以判断文章的体裁（如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等）。每种体裁都有其独特的结构和语言特点。例如，议论文通常包含引言、论点、论据和结论；说明文则侧重于解释和说明某一事物或现象。了解不同体裁文章的常见结构，如"问题-解决"、"原因-结果"、"比较-对比"等。识别文章中各段落的作用，如引言段引出话题，主体段展开论述，结论段总结观点。抓住主题句，段落中的首句或末句往往是该段的主题句，概括了段落的主要内容。提炼信息，若无明显主题句，则需通过提炼段落中的关键词、短语来概括大意。把握文章脉络，通过识别连接词，可以更好地理解文章的逻辑结构和作者的写作思路。整体把握，篇章结构题往往要求考生从整体上把握文章，因此要注意段落间、句子间的联系。做文章出处题时，要仔细阅读全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心观点及主要事实，提炼信息，注意文章涉及的主题、领域、观点倾向等，这些信息往往能反映文章的来源。分析文章风格，识别语言特点，注意文章的语言风格，如正式、非正式、学术性、通俗性等，这有助于判断文章可能出自的媒体类型。观察结构，文章的篇章结构、段落安排也能反映其出处。通过逻辑推理与综合分析，并在理解文章内容、分析文章风格、查找关键词的基础上，运用逻辑推理能力，综合考虑各种因素，推断出文章的可能出处。
12．细节理解题。根据"To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read."可知，政府要求食品标签应设计得更简洁、更易于阅读。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据"The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not."可知，第三段提到某公司为吸引顾客而印上"零添加剂"字样，却被检测出含有少量有害添加剂，说明这类标签可能误导消费者。故选C。
14．篇章结构题。图示：总分结构，P1总起，P2-4分述三点变化。 文章采用总分结构：第一段总述中国食品标签的三点变化引发热议，随后三段分别详细说明三点变化（标签清晰化、禁止误导性标注、推广数字标签）。因此，选项B的图示正确反映了文章结构。故选B。
15．文章出处题。文章围绕食品标签改革展开，核心目的是帮助人们做出更健康、安全的饮食选择，与"食品与健康"主题高度契合。其他选项（医学研究、技术进步、语言文学）与内容无关。故选A。
（2025·大庆） Choose the sentences to complete the passage.阅读还原
Why do Fish Travel in Schools (群)
Have you ever seen fish swimming together in a school It's quite an amazing sight! They move together, turning and changing directions at the same time. It makes you wonder: 　16． 　In fact, the answer is no. Each fish finds its own direction. Researchers George Lauder from Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this for a long time. Now, they have discovered that fish can save a lot of energy by schooling.
In the experiment, the two researchers put giant danio, a fish that likes to swim in schools, in a tank (水箱). 　17． 　 Other times, they put just one fish in. As we all know, by measuring (测量) how much O2 people use when exercising, we can know how much energy people use. The method also goes for fish. 　18． 　
The results were interesting and clear. Schooling fish used less O2 than those swimming alone. And they took less time to become energetic again. 　19． 　 The researchers repeated this experiment five times to make sure the results were right. By schooling, fish can save energy for other important things, says Frank Fish from West Chester University. 　20． 　 For adults, they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them.
So, next time you see fish swimming in schools, you'll know it's not just a beautiful sight—it's also a smart living skill for them.
A. Why do they swim in a school B. Is there someone directing them how to move C. Adult fish in a school are not afraid of anything. D. In other words, they were full of energy in a shorter time. E. Sometimes, the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time. F. For example, young fish can put the saved energy into growth. G. So researchers used a special machine to measure how much O2 fish used when swimming.
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．D；20．F
【知识点】科普类；说明文；自然现象
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍鱼为何会成群游动。备选项的中文意思：
A. 它们为什么成群结队地游泳呢？
B. 有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？
C. 鱼群中的成年鱼什么都不怕。
D. 换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。
E. 有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。
F. 例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。
G. 因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（阅读还原）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。阅读还原空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
16．根据"It makes you wonder: ... In fact, the answer is no. Each fish finds its own direction."可知，鱼群同步游动令人好奇，后文直接否定"事实上，答案是否定的。每条鱼自己找方向。"选项B"有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？"符合语境，故选B。
17．根据"In the experiment, the two researchers put giant danio, a fish that likes to swim in schools, in a tank (水箱). ... Other times, they put just one fish in."可知，有时研究人员一次放八条鱼。这直接补充"有时"的细节，与"其他时间只放一条鱼"形成对比。选项E"有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。"符合语境，故选E。
18．根据"As we all know, by measuring (测量) how much O2 people use when exercising, we can know how much energy people use. The method also goes for fish."可知，通过测量人们在运动时消耗的氧气量，我们就能知道他们消耗了多少能量。这种方法同样适用于鱼类。选项G"因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。"符合语境，故选G。
19．根据"And they took less time to become energetic again."可知，它们恢复精力所需的时间也更短了。选项D"换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。"符合语境，故选D。
20．根据"For adults, they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them."可知，鱼群可节省能量用于重要事情，后文具体说成年鱼用于繁殖或逃避捕食者。选项F"例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。"符合语境，故选F。
（2025·大庆） Choose the best answer to complete the passage.完形填空
Amy is a 15-year-old girl. When she was young, she was always wasting 21． getting prepared to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once.
One morning, Amy was playing in the village and met Mr Thornton. Mr Thornton had a 22． where he sold fruits of all kinds. He said to Amy, "Well, Amy, I 23． some fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries on Mr Green's farm today. He said that anybody was welcome to pick them. I will 24． 13 cents a kilogram for all you pick for me." Amy was 25． about the thought of making some money to help her mom. So she quickly ran home to get a basket to hold the strawberries.
When she got back home, she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five kilograms. 26． she found out that she would get 65 cents, she started to dream big, "If I pick twelve kilograms, how much should I make then " "Dear me!" she 27． happily, after thinking for a while, "I can make a dollar and fifty-six cents!" It took her some time to dream 28． . And then it was so near lunchtime that she had to stay at home until the afternoon.
As soon as lunch was over, she took her basket and hurried to the farm. She could not find half a kilogram to 29． her basket because some boys had been there before lunch, and all the ripe strawberries were picked. Then she 30． what her teacher often told her: "Do your task at once; then think about it. One doer is worth 100 dreamers."
21．A． money B． time C． food D． paper
22．A． kitchen B． factory C． store D． theatre
23．A． hid B． broke C． swept D． saw
24．A． lend B． pay C． lay D． waste
25．A． calm B． excited C． patient D． polite
26．A． Though B． Unless C． After D． Before
27．A． jumped B． passed C． escaped D． replied
28．A． longer B． harder C． faster D． bigger
29．A． fill B． repair C． drop D． control
30．A． threw away B． depended on
C． thought of D． looked for
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．D；29．A；30．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了总是在想应该做什么，但是行动却跟不上的女孩艾米。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
21．句意：在她年幼时，总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，而不是直接去完成任务。money金钱；time时间；food食物；paper纸张。根据"When she was young, she was always wasting... getting prepared to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once."可知，艾米总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，故选B。
22．句意：桑顿先生有一家商店，里面出售各种各样的水果。kitchen厨房；factory工厂；store商店；theatre剧院。根据"where he sold fruits of all kinds"可知，商店里面出售各种各样的水果，故选C。
23．句意：艾米，今天我在格林先生的农场里看到了一些非常成熟的草莓。hid隐藏； broke打破； swept打扫； saw看到。 根据"I some fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries"可知，看到了一些非常成熟的草莓，故选D。
24．句意： 我会按每公斤13美分的价格收购你采摘的所有果实。lend借出； pay支付； lay放置； waste浪费。 根据"I will 13 cents a kilogram for all you pick for me." 可知，会按每公斤13美分的价格收购，此处是pay... for...。 故选B。
25．句意：艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。calm平静的； excited兴奋的； patient耐心的； polite礼貌的。 根据"Amy was about the thought of making some money to help her mom." 可知，艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。 故选B。
26．句意：在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想："如果我采摘12公斤，那我能赚多少钱呢？ "Though 虽然；Unless除非；After在……之后；Before在……之前。根据"...she found out that she would get 65 cents, she started to dream big"可知，在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想，故选C。
27．句意： "天哪！"经过一番思考后，她兴奋地回答道"我能赚到一美元五十六美分！ "jumped跳跃；passed经过；escaped逃跑；replied回答。根据" "I can make a dollar and fifty-six cents! "可知，此处表示她回答。故选D。
28．句意： 花了她一些时间开始更长的畅想。longer更久； harder更努力； faster更快； bigger更大。根据前文"she started to dream big"可知，是更大胆的畅想，故选D。
29．句意：她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，因为午餐前有一些男孩已经来过这里了，所有的成熟草莓都被摘光了。fill装满； repair修理； drop掉落； control控制。 根据"She could not find half a kilogram to...her basket"可知，她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，故选A。
30．句意： 随后，她想起了老师常对她说的话："立刻完成任务，然后再思考一下。 一个实干者胜过一百个空想者。 "threw away扔掉；depended on依赖；thought of想起；looked for寻找。根据"Then she...what her teacher often told her:"可知，她想起了老师常对她说的话，故选C。
（2025·大庆） Fill in each blank with a proper form of the word given or a proper word.语法填空
Hi, my young friends! I am Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Here I am writing to share my story with you.
I was born in 1909. I am 116 years old now. My　31． 　 (build) was Zhan Tianyou, a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railway 　32． 　 other countries' help. So he built me, China's first self-built railway. At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽).Their top speed was only 35 km/h. Then, the trains 　33． 　 (start) to use diesel (柴油). Later, there were even better trains that used electricity. It took 　34． 　 (simple) three hours to finish the trip.
In 2020, the new high-speed railway opened on December 30. I was so 　35． 　 (please).People only needed to spend 47 minutes　36． 　 (travel) from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the two host　37． 　 (city) for the event, welcomed lots of people from around the world. The railway played 　38． 　important role.
Although I am too old 　39． 　 (keep) working these days, people will keep me as part of history. I am a little sad, 　40． 　 still proud of all the achievements that China has made in the past few years. Zhan Tianyou must be proud, too.
【答案】31．builder；32．without；33．started；34．simply；35．pleased；36．traveling；37．cities；38．an；39．to keep；40．but
【知识点】一般过去时；记叙文；可数名词的单数；方式副词；交通方式
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇以拟人化自述形式呈现的教育性历史叙事文，文章以北京——张家口铁路的口吻介绍一些信息。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，介词，时态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
31．句意：我的建造者是詹天佑，他是一位勇敢且聪明的人。build，建立，动词。空处为句子的主语，空处表示"建造者"，builder，可数名词，根据主谓一致原则以及was可知，主语应用其单数形式。故填builder。
32．句意：他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路。根据"He believed China should build its own railway...other countries' help."可知，他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路，故空处表示"没有"，without，介词，符合语境。故填without。
33．句意：随后，火车开始使用柴油作为动力。start，开始，动词。空处为句子的谓语，结合上下文语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的动作，故谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填started。
34．句意：整个旅程只需三个小时就能完成。simple，简单的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰动词took，应用其副词形式。故填simply。
35．句意：我非常高兴。please，请/使高兴/使满意，动词。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"高兴的"，pleased，符合语境。故填pleased。
36．句意：人们从北京到张家口只需花费47分钟。travel，旅行，动词。此处表示"花时间做某事"，
spend time doing sth，固定短语，符合语境，故空处应用其动名词形式。故填travelling/
traveling。
37．句意：在2022年北京冬奥会期间，作为此次赛事的两个主办城市，北京和张家口迎来了众多来自世界各地的游客。city，城市，可数名词。two修饰可数名词复数，故填cities。
38．句意：这条铁路发挥了重要作用。固定短语 "play an important role"（发挥重要作用），"important" 以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 "an"故填an。
39．句意：虽然如今我年纪太大，无法再继续工作了，但人们仍将我铭记于心，将我视为历史的一部分。keep，保持/保留/遵守，动词。根据"Although I am too old...working these days"可知，此处是too...to..."太……而不能"。故填to keep。
40．句意：我感到有些难过，但同时也很为中国的过去几年所取得的成就感到骄傲。前文 "I am a little sad"（我有点难过）与后文 "still proud"（仍然自豪）存在转折关系，需用转折连词 "but" 连接，故填but。
（2025·大庆）阅读补充句子
The Secret to Enjoying a Hobby
Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way. I never tried to remember the names of all the different moves. Every morning, I'd just find a place at the back of the class and copy the person in front of me. With no pressure to become better at it, I stuck to the hobby.
But for many people, sticking to a hobby can bring much pressure. One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby. Many times, I have heard people express their wishes to run. But before long, they begin to think about proving themselves, like winning a place in a half-marathon (半程马拉松). The idea of training for a half-marathon, however, may stop them from sticking to the hobby.
Many of us are already under great pressure in our work. Then why not see our hobbies just for fun Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind. We can calm our "thinking mind" while we just focus on an interesting hobby. There is no pressure of success or failure. Pick up or put down hobbies as you like.
Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!
Use words with proper meanings and grammatical rules to fill in the blanks.
(Only one word for one blank.)
41．Last summer, I started doing yoga just to 　 　 after a 　 　 working day in a healthy way.
42．One study shows that the 　 　 lifespan of a hobby is 16 months and one main 　 　 is their strong wish to be excellent.
43．Experts say that having a hobby just 　 　 fun not only makes it more enjoyable but also has a big win for the 　 　.
44．We can 　 　 our "thinking mind" while we just focus on an interesting hobby and I hope to get more laughs 　 　 wounds from skating.
45．What do you think is the secret to enjoying a hobby
【答案】41．relax；tiring
42．average；reason
43．for；mind
44．calm；than
45．Seeing hobbies just for fun.
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍享受爱好的秘诀。
【点评】考查阅读补充句子。阅读补充句子旨在检验学生对文章的理解能力、语法掌握程度以及词汇运用能力。注意：
1.仔细阅读全文。 在开始答题前，务必先通读全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文关系。这有助于把握句子的背景和语境，从而更准确地选择答案。
2.分析句子结构。识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，这有助于理解句子的主要意思和逻辑关系。 注意句子中可能存在的从句、短语和特殊结构，它们可能包含重要的信息或线索。
3.注意一致性。代词和名词的一致性：确保所选答案中的代词与前文提到的名词在单复数、性、数等方面保持一致。时态和语态的一致性：根据上下文确定所需的时态和语态，并确保所选答案与之一致。
4. 逻辑推理。当答案不明显时，需要根据上下文和常识进行逻辑推理。通过上下文的线索和逻辑关系，推断出答案中缺失的内容。
41．根据"Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way."可知，把瑜伽当爱好的初衷只是在辛苦的工作日结束后，能以一种健康的方式放松身心。故填relax；tiring。
42．根据"One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby."可知，一项研究表明，一项爱好活动的平均持续时间约为16个月。造成这一现象的一个主要原因是人们有着强烈的愿望想要在该爱好方面做到出色。故填average；reason。
43．根据"Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind."可知，专家们表示，仅仅出于乐趣而拥有的爱好不仅会让其更具趣味性，而且对大脑也有很大的益处。故填for；mind。
44．根据"We can calm our ‘thinking mind' while we just focus on an interesting hobby."和"Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!"可知，我们可以暂时放空"思考大脑"，全身心投入到一项有趣的爱好中去。我希望通过滑冰能收获更多的欢笑，而非受伤。故填calm；than。
45．开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，注意字数要求。参考答案为Seeing hobbies just for fun.
46．（2025·大庆） 假定你是红星中学的学生小娜，毕业在即，学校摄影社团拟制作"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频，现面向全体同学征集拍摄建议。请你用英语写一封邮件，对视频录制内容提出建议。
写作提示：1. 校园之美：校园风景、建筑等；
2. 温暖瞬间：老师耐心答疑、真诚帮助等；
同学间讨论问题、互帮互助等；
3. 成长祝福：……
参考词汇：shoot a video（拍摄视频） campus scenery（校园风景）
explain questions patiently（耐心答疑） express sincere wishes（表达真诚的祝福）
写作要求：1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 写作词数应为90个左右（首段已给出，不计入总词数）；
3. 不得泄露个人信息。
Dear Photography Club,
I am Xiao Na. Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our graduation video, I am writing to offer my suggestions.
Yours,
Xiao Na
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Photography Club，
I am Xiao Na. Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our graduation video，I am writing to offer my suggestions.
First，the video should show the beauty of our campus，like the lovely garden and the grand teaching buildings. Then，it can include warm moments. For example，teachers explain questions patiently to students and sincerely help them. Also，classmates discuss problems together and help each other. Finally，we can express sincere wishes for our growth. We can record students and teachers saying good wishes for the future. I hope these suggestions are helpful. Yours，
Xiao Na
【知识点】应用文写作；学校生活；校园文化；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以红星中学学生小娜的身份写一份电子邮件给学校摄影社团，对主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容提供建议。写作背景：小娜学校的摄影社团就主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容向全体同学征集拍摄建议。内容包括：1. 阐述写作目的；2. 提供视频录制的具体建议（从校园之美、温暖瞬间、成长祝福等方面阐述）；3. 表达被采纳的期望。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为90个左右。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 高分句子： Knowing that your club is collecting advice about our
graduation video，I am writing to offer my suggestions. （运用了现在分词作状语以及动词不定式做目的状语）； We can record students and teachers saying good wishes for the future. （运用了现在分词作宾语补足语）；I hope these suggestions are helpful.（运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句）。2. 亮点词汇：for example例如；help each other相互帮助。
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