2026年高考英语一轮复习 简单句(含答案解析)

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2026年高考英语一轮复习 简单句(含答案解析)

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2026年高考英语一轮复习 简单句
一.选择题(共17小题)
1.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)The sentence structure of "I often hear Simon sing English songs" is .(  )
A.S+V+P B.S+V+O+OC C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O
2.(2025 和平区模拟)When it was his turn to deliver his speech, ,he walked towards the microphone.(  )
A.nervously and embarrassingly
B.nervous and embarrassedly
C.nervously and embarrassing
D.nervous and embarrassed
3.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)He gave his mother a gold necklace for her birthday,which pleased her a lot.The underlined part serves as _______.(  )
A.Subject B.Predicative
C.Direct Object D.Indirect Object
4.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!The basic structure of the sentence above is_______.(  )
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+P D.S+V+O+C
5.(2025 宝安区校级期末)________ with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China's younger generation.(  )
A.Being equipped B.Equipped
C.Equipping D.Having equipped
6.(2025 信宜市期末)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (判断句子结构类型)(  )
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+O+C D. S+V+IO+DC
7.(2025 济南二模)It's fine today.Let's go a walk,______?(  )
A.do you B.let we C.shall we D.does it
8.(2025 济南二模)—______?
—He is having a skill﹣training class.(  )
A.What is your brother
B.How is your brother
C.What is your brother doing
D.How is your brother doing
9.(2025 泰安一模)John,read the text for us ?(  )
A.does he B.will he C.do you D.will you
10.(2025 青岛一模)﹣﹣﹣______ is it today?
﹣﹣﹣It's Sunday.(  )
A.What date B.What day C.What time D.What year
11.(2025 青岛一模)﹣﹣﹣ ____ the weather like today?
﹣﹣﹣ It's rainy.(  )
A.What B.How C.What's D.How's
12.(2025 青岛一模)— grade!It's so high.
—Yeah.I can get good reward from my parents.(  )
A.What a good B.What good
C.How a good D.What a bad
13.(2025 青岛一模)There will be a movie tomorrow, ?(  )
A.won't there B.won't be
C.will there D.will be
14.(2012 天津)It's quite warm here;we __________turn the heating on yet.(  )
A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.wouldn't
15.(2022 河西区校级模拟)________ it was marching along the streets,enjoying the festive atmosphere!(  )
A.What great fun B.How great fun
C.What a great fun D.How a funny
16.(2021 株洲模拟)— _____ go out for a picnic next Saturday?
— Good idea.(  )
A.Why not B.How much C.How often D.Let's
17.(2021 宁河区一模)I don't think it is polite to break in when people are having a conversation,________?(  )
A.isn't it B.do I C.is it D.do you
二.翻译题(共8小题)
18.(2025 杨浦区二模)冷静,别让焦虑影响你的表现。(or)    
19.(2025 虹口区二模) 火山喷发是多么令人惊叹的自然现象呀!(What)    
20.(2025 奉贤区一模)穿着睡衣去超市不太合适,不是吗? (It)(汉译英)    
21.(2025 长宁区一模)边喝咖啡边欣赏上海夜景多惬意呀!(How)    
22.(2025 松江区校级模拟)沐浴着温暖的春光,和同学们在走廊里聊聊天是多么惬意啊!(How)    
23.(2025 上海三模)这条俄语俚语究竟是什么意思?(earth)(汉译英)    
24.(2025 普陀区二模)不要乱扔垃圾,你会被罚款的。(or)(汉译英)    
25.(2025 杨浦区二模)在田野里奔跑,看夕阳西下,我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊!(how)   
2026年高考英语一轮复习 简单句
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共17小题)
1.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)The sentence structure of "I often hear Simon sing English songs" is .(  )
A.S+V+P B.S+V+O+OC C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O
【考点】主谓宾补.
【答案】B
【分析】我经常听到西蒙唱英文歌。
【解答】分析句子结构可知,I是主语,often hear是谓语,Simon是宾语,sing English songs是宾语补足语,因此句子结构是S+V+O+OC。
故选:B。
【点评】该考点是英语基本句型中的一种。主谓宾补结构缩写成S+V+O+C,主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明。可以作宾语补足语的有:名词,形容词,副词,现在分词,过去分词和不定式。
2.(2025 和平区模拟)When it was his turn to deliver his speech, ,he walked towards the microphone.(  )
A.nervously and embarrassingly
B.nervous and embarrassedly
C.nervously and embarrassing
D.nervous and embarrassed
【考点】状语.
【答案】A
【分析】当轮到他发表演说时,他紧张尴尬地走向了麦克风.
【解答】答案:A 考查状语用法.walk是动词,要用副词修饰,只有A项都是副词,故选A.D项都是形容词;B、C项是一个形容词,一个副词,都不能修饰walk.
故选:A。
【点评】解答此类问题,用弄清楚哪些词,短语可作状语,然后根据题意选择最符合题意的选项.
3.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)He gave his mother a gold necklace for her birthday,which pleased her a lot.The underlined part serves as _______.(  )
A.Subject B.Predicative
C.Direct Object D.Indirect Object
【考点】主谓宾宾.
【答案】C
【分析】他送给母亲一条金项链作为生日礼物,这使她非常高兴。
【解答】A.Subject主语;B.Predicative谓语;C.Direct Object直接宾语;D.Indirect Object间接宾语。分析句子结构可知,主语是He;gave为谓语;his mother为间接宾语;a gold necklace为直接宾语;for her birthday作状语;which pleased her a lot为非限制性定语从句。故划线部分为直接宾语。
故选:C。
【点评】做这种类型的题,要结合句意分析句子成分,掌握各种词性在句中所做的成分。
4.(2025 龙岗区校级期末)Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!The basic structure of the sentence above is_______.(  )
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+P D.S+V+O+C
【考点】主系表.
【答案】C
【分析】当你在海上时,学习和做作业似乎更有趣了。
【解答】A.S+V主语+谓语;B.S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语;C.S+P主语+表语;D.S+V+O+C主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。本句中,"Studying and doing homework (学习和做作业)"是主语, "seem (似乎)"是系动词,"much more fun (更有趣) "是表语,"when you are at sea (当你在海上时)"是时间状语,所以本句的句子结构是"主系表",即S+P,因此答案选C。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查的是句子结构。做这种类型的题,要结合句意分析句子成分,掌握各种词性在句中所做的成分。
5.(2025 宝安区校级期末)________ with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China's younger generation.(  )
A.Being equipped B.Equipped
C.Equipping D.Having equipped
【考点】主语.
【答案】A
【分析】全球视野和创新精神对于新一代的中国青年来说很重要。
【解答】分析句子可知,该题考查动名词。句中缺主语,故用动名词短语作主语。词组原为"be equipped with",但此处该词组做主语,be不能省略,需用being。
故选:A。
【点评】分析句子结构,确定非谓语动词形式,在充分理解句意的基础上,掌握非谓语动词与对应词之间的关系,结合语境做出正确选择。
6.(2025 信宜市期末)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (判断句子结构类型)(  )
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+O+C D. S+V+IO+DC
【考点】主谓宾补.
【答案】C
【分析】我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。
【解答】I(主语S)found(谓语V) most of my classmates and teachers(宾语O) friendly and helpful(宾语补足语C).即:S+V+O+C。C项正确。
故选:C。
【点评】考查句子成分,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示确定句子成分。
7.(2025 济南二模)It's fine today.Let's go a walk,______?(  )
A.do you B.let we C.shall we D.does it
【考点】反意疑问句及其回答.
【答案】C
【分析】今天天气很好。让我们去散步,好吗?
【解答】这句话使用Let's祈使句的反意疑问句,这种反意疑问句用shall we。
故选:C。
【点评】反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成,表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方赞同。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。回答时,事实是肯定的用Yes;若事实是否定的则用No。需要注意的是,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
8.(2025 济南二模)—______?
—He is having a skill﹣training class.(  )
A.What is your brother
B.How is your brother
C.What is your brother doing
D.How is your brother doing
【考点】特殊疑问句及其回答.
【答案】C
【分析】﹣﹣﹣你哥哥在做什么?
﹣﹣﹣他正在上一节技能培训课。
【解答】根据答语He is having a skill﹣training class(他正在上一节技能培训课)可知问句是:What is your brother doing?(你哥哥在做什么?)
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查特殊疑问句,做此类题目时一定要仔细分析每一个选项的含义及其句式特点并将其与问句(或答句)结合起来。
9.(2025 泰安一模)John,read the text for us ?(  )
A.does he B.will he C.do you D.will you
【考点】反意疑问句及其回答.
【答案】D
【分析】约翰,给我们读课文,好吗?
【解答】这是向对方提建议或命令对方做某事,空格前面是动词原形read开头的祈使句的肯定句,反意疑问句的疑问部分用will you。
故选:D。
【点评】反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成,表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方赞同。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
10.(2025 青岛一模)﹣﹣﹣______ is it today?
﹣﹣﹣It's Sunday.(  )
A.What date B.What day C.What time D.What year
【考点】特殊疑问句及其回答.
【答案】B
【分析】今天几星期?﹣﹣今天星期天.
【解答】根据答语可知这句话是对星期几提问,用What day提问,what date是对日期提问;what time什么时候;what year哪年.
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查疑问词辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案.
11.(2025 青岛一模)﹣﹣﹣ ____ the weather like today?
﹣﹣﹣ It's rainy.(  )
A.What B.How C.What's D.How's
【考点】特殊疑问句及其回答.
【答案】C
【分析】﹣﹣今天天气怎么样?﹣﹣有雨.
【解答】根据答语可知这句话是询问天气,用what's the weather like?或How is the weather?
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查特殊疑问句,英语中一些特定的问句有固定的问法,要熟记这个习惯表达.
12.(2025 青岛一模)— grade!It's so high.
—Yeah.I can get good reward from my parents.(  )
A.What a good B.What good
C.How a good D.What a bad
【考点】what引导的感叹句.
【答案】A
【分析】﹣﹣﹣多么好的成绩!它太高了。
﹣﹣﹣是啊。我可以从父母那里得到很好的奖励。
【解答】这句话使用感叹句,空后是可数名词单数grade,用what+冠词a+形容词good+grade构成。How修饰形容词或者副词,根据It's so high.(这是如此高)说明分数很好,D项意思不对。
故选:A。
【点评】用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子叫感叹句,读时用降调,句末用感叹号。What用来修饰名词(名词前可加冠词和形容词)。
13.(2025 青岛一模)There will be a movie tomorrow, ?(  )
A.won't there B.won't be
C.will there D.will be
【考点】反意疑问句及其回答.
【答案】A
【分析】明天将有一场电影,是吗?
【解答】这句话使用there be句型,反意疑问句应该用助动词+there,排除BD;根据前肯后否的原则。
故选:A。
【点评】反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成,表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方赞同。
14.(2012 天津)It's quite warm here;we __________turn the heating on yet.(  )
A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.wouldn't
【考点】陈述句的否定形式.
【答案】C
【分析】句意为:今天这里相当暖和,我们没必要开暖气.
【解答】答案:C 根据上文"这里相当暖和",可以推知下文应该是:我们没必要开暖气.couldn't不可能;mustn't禁止;needn't不需要;wouldn't不会.根据语境,本题应该选择C.
故选:C。
【点评】考查情态动词要注意句子所表达的含义中含有什么样的语气.
15.(2022 河西区校级模拟)________ it was marching along the streets,enjoying the festive atmosphere!(  )
A.What great fun B.How great fun
C.What a great fun D.How a funny
【考点】what引导的感叹句.
【答案】A
【分析】走在大街上,享受节日的气氛是多么有趣啊!
【解答】What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词,其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!由此排除B、D项;fun是不可数名词,其前不可加不定冠词a,排除C项,只有A项正确。
故选:A。
【点评】考查感叹句,弄清楚两种感叹句结构的构成,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意选择最合适的选项。
16.(2021 株洲模拟)— _____ go out for a picnic next Saturday?
— Good idea.(  )
A.Why not B.How much C.How often D.Let's
【考点】特殊疑问句及其回答.
【答案】A
【分析】﹣﹣下周六为什么不出去野餐?
﹣﹣好主意。
【解答】A.Why not 为什么不呢?B.How much多少钱?C.How often 多长时间一次;D.Let's让我们。结合句意,﹣﹣下周六为什么不出去野餐?﹣﹣好主意。A符合语意。
故选:A。
【点评】做题时,结合句意,选择单词的正确形式填空。
17.(2021 宁河区一模)I don't think it is polite to break in when people are having a conversation,________?(  )
A.isn't it B.do I C.is it D.do you
【考点】反意疑问句及其回答.
【答案】C
【分析】我认为打断别人谈话是不礼貌的,是吗?
【解答】分析句子,当主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think时,反义疑问句和宾语从句一致,并且将否定转移到从句,所以此处从句为否定形式,故反义疑问句用is it。
故选:C。
【点评】需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
二.翻译题(共8小题)
18.(2025 杨浦区二模)冷静,别让焦虑影响你的表现。(or)  Calm down,or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance. 
【考点】祈使句+and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句.
【答案】Calm down,or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance.
【分析】冷静,别让焦虑影响你的表现。
【解答】此处为"祈使句+or+简单句";表示"冷静"短语为calm down;后一句主语为you;表示"让"应用动词let,且may或will后跟动词原形;表示"焦虑"应用名词anxiety;表示"影响你的表现"翻译为affect your performance。
故填:Calm down,or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意汉英之间的差异,汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意进行翻译,使句意更通顺。
19.(2025 虹口区二模) 火山喷发是多么令人惊叹的自然现象呀!(What)  What an amazing natural phenomenon a volcanic eruption/explosion is! 
【考点】what引导的感叹句.
【答案】What an amazing natural phenomenon a volcanic eruption/explosion is!
【分析】火山喷发是多么令人惊叹的自然现象呀!
【解答】结合句意,句子为感叹句,用what引导。"令人惊叹的自然现象"为an amazing natural phenomenon;"火山喷发"译为a volcanic eruption/explosion;整句话译为What an amazing natural phenomenon a volcanic eruption/explosion is!
故填:What an amazing natural phenomenon a volcanic eruption/explosion is!
【点评】考查句子的翻译,要熟记单词的汉语意思,并结合题目要求写出正确的句子。
20.(2025 奉贤区一模)穿着睡衣去超市不太合适,不是吗? (It)(汉译英)  It is improper/inappropriate to go to supermarkets in pajamas,isn't it? 
【考点】反意疑问句及其回答;固定搭配/句型.
【答案】It is improper/inappropriate to go to supermarkets in pajamas,isn't it?
【分析】穿着睡衣去超市不太合适,不是吗?
【解答】表示"做某事不合适"句型为It is improper/inappropriate to do sth.;表示"穿着睡衣去超市"翻译为go to supermarkets in pajamas;此处为反意疑问句,为一般现在时。反意疑问句遵循前肯后否的原则。
故填:It is improper/inappropriate to go to supermarkets in pajamas,isn't it?
【点评】考查句子的翻译,要熟记单词的汉语意思,并结合题目要求写出正确的句子。
21.(2025 长宁区一模)边喝咖啡边欣赏上海夜景多惬意呀!(How)  How pleasant /pleased it is to enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai while drinking coffee. 
【考点】how引导的感叹句.
【答案】How pleasant /pleased it is to enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai while drinking coffee.
【分析】边喝咖啡边欣赏上海夜景多惬意呀!
【解答】1.因表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时;2.由"how"引导的感叹句结构形式是:How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!3.enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai欣赏上海夜景;while drinking coffee喝咖啡时。
故填:How pleasant /pleased it is to enjoy/appreciate the night view of Shanghai while drinking coffee.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意汉英之间的差异,汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意进行翻译,使句意更通顺。
22.(2025 松江区校级模拟)沐浴着温暖的春光,和同学们在走廊里聊聊天是多么惬意啊!(How)  How pleasant it is to have a chat with classmates in/at the corridor(while bathed)in the warm spring sunlight. 
【考点】how引导的感叹句.
【答案】How pleasant it is to have a chat with classmates in/at the corridor(while bathed)in the warm spring sunlight.
【分析】沐浴着温暖的春光,和同学们在走廊里聊聊天是多么惬意啊!
【解答】根据句意和提示可知这句话使用how修饰形容词pleasant,构成感叹句,句型使用It is+形容词+不定式作主语,have a chat with sb意为"和某人聊天",in/at the corridor意为"在走廊",可以使用while引导的时间状语从句,while bathed in the warm spring sunlight意为"沐浴着温暖的春光",或者直接使用介词短语warm spring sunlight,意为"在温暖的春光下"。
故填:How pleasant it is to have a chat with classmates in/at the corridor(while bathed)in the warm spring sunlight.
【点评】翻译是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译。
23.(2025 上海三模)这条俄语俚语究竟是什么意思?(earth)(汉译英)  What on earth does this Russian slang mean? 
【考点】特殊疑问句及其回答;意义一致.
【答案】What on earth does this Russian slang mean?
【分析】这条俄语俚语究竟是什么意思?
【解答】"这条俄语俚语"是this Russian slang,"意思是"是mean,"究竟"是on earth,根据句意可知,句子用what引起特殊疑问句,slang是单数,助动词用does,位于主语前,因此整句话翻译为What on earth does this Russian slang mean?
故填:What on earth does this Russian slang mean?
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
24.(2025 普陀区二模)不要乱扔垃圾,你会被罚款的。(or)(汉译英)  Don't litter everywhere,or you will be fined. 
【考点】祈使句+and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句.
【答案】Don't litter everywhere,or you will be fined.
【分析】不要乱扔垃圾,你会被罚款的。
【解答】固定句型:祈使句,+and/or+表示将来的陈述句,是由并列连词and或or连接的并列句,其中and表示"和",or表示"否则"。"不要乱扔垃圾"翻译为"Don't litter everywhere";"否则你会被罚款的"的英文表达是or you will be fined,其中谓语动词用一般将来时的被动语态。
故填:Don't litter everywhere,or you will be fined.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
25.(2025 杨浦区二模)在田野里奔跑,看夕阳西下,我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊!(how) Running through the fields and watching the sun set,how we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood! 
【考点】感叹句;how引导的感叹句.
【答案】Running through the fields and watching the sun set,how we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood!
【分析】在田野里奔跑,看夕阳西下,我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊!
【解答】在田野里奔跑Running through the fields;看夕阳西下watching the sun set;现在分词做伴随状语;我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊!how we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood!how引导的一个感叹句;此处陈述的是一个事实,所以用一般现在时。
故填:Running through the fields and watching the sun set,how we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood!
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
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