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(共36张PPT)
WORKING THE
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XB1 UNIT5
devote
vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于
devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的 devotion n.挚爱，忠诚;祈祷
短语搭配：
devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心
be devoted to 对……专一/ 专注
devote oneself to 致力于，献身于
devote one’s life/time/energy/attention to...把某人的生命/ 时间/ 精力/ 注意力奉献于……
1.A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
2.He devoted most of his time to painting.
3.I shall devote myself to serving my country at the cost of my own life，regardless of fortune or misfortune to myself.
【归纳拓展】专心于，致力于
devote oneself to（= be devoted to） concentrate on be absorbed in focus on
例句
（1）You will never obtain success unless you are fully devoted _____________ your work.
（2）The two professors made up their minds to devote all they had to _____________（set）up nature reserves.
（3）Young children have a limited attention span and can’t concentrate _____________ one activity for very long.
基础练习
to
setting
on
convince
vt. 使相信；说服convinced adj.确信的，信服的；convincing adj. 令人信服的，有说服力的
I am convinced of her innocence.
= I am convinced that she is innocent.
例句：
一言辨异：
In order to convince us of his honesty，he gave us several convincing cases which could make us convinced of it.
短语搭配：
convince that... 使某人相信……
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事
1.You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
例句
2.I’ve been trying to convince him to employ more skilled workers.
（1）I’m not __________（convince）that your idea will work，but I’ll keep an open mind on it.
（2）Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.
（3）Nobody could come up with a _____________（convince）reason why the dinosaurs died out.
（4）She tried to convince him _____________（accompany）their children.
基础练习
convinced
of
convincing
to accompany
短语搭配
vary from...to...从…不同，因……而有所不同
vary with... 随...而变化
A variety of... 许多的；各种各样的
（=a variety of）许多各种各样的vary v.（使）不同，呈现差异；various adj.各种各样的；
varieties of
（1）Many kinds of animals have become endangered for _______ variety of reasons.
（2）The land _________（vary） in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2，000 metres.
（3）Test scores vary __________school to school.
（4）The menu often varies _____________ the season.
基础练习
a
varies
from
with
短语搭配
attain knowledge获得知识 attain one’s purpose达到目的
attain independence获得独立 attain this standard达到标准
attain one’s goal实现目标attain one’s ideal weight达到理想体重
vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到；达到（某年龄、水平、状况）attainment n.获得；达到;attainable adj.可获得的；
attain
1.Devoted to his job，he finally_______（attain）his goal.
2.The important thing in life is to have a great aim，and the determination ___________（attain）it.
3.I’m ashamed to say that I don’t _____________（实现我的目标）.
4.I’m determined ____________________（达到目的）at any cost.
基础练习
attained
to attain
attain my goal
attian my purpose
短语搭配
make assumptions/an assumption about...对…做假设
on the assumption that... 假定…假设…
n. 假定；设定;(责任的）承担；（权利的）获得
assume vt. 假定；设想
assumption
例句：
It was impossible to make assumptions about people’s reactions.
We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.
assume（that）... 假定……，认定……
assume...to be/as... 假定……是……，认定……是……
I assumed that he had received my e-mail.
assuming 可以用作连词，表示“假设……为真；假如”，引导从句，此用法和supposing，providing，provided，given that 相似。
Assuming （that） he’s still alive，how old would he be now
拓展归纳
1.The project was predicated on the_________（assume）that the economy was expanding.
2.So we think it is reasonable _________（assume） they lived in these caves.
3.My calculations were based on the _________（assume）that house prices would remain stable.
4.__________（assume）that we can’t get the necessary equipment，we will have to give it up.
基础练习
assumption
to assume
assumption
Assuming
短语搭配：
overcome difficulties/one’s fear 克服困难 / 某人的恐惧
overcome bad habits改掉恶习
overcome the enemy战胜敌人
overcome vt.（overcame，overcome）克服；解决；战胜 overcomer n.得胜者
attain
We can and must overcome our shortcomings.
What challenges have you overcome
例句：
（1）He struggled _____________（overcome） his shyness.
（2）It was inspiring that our team easily _____________（overcome） their team in the final game.
（3）He has enough courage _____________（overcome）the difficulty.
基础练习
to overcome
overcame
to overcome
归纳拓展：
1.The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn，the warmth of the earth changes the climate，too.
2.We will examine each of these methods in turn.
相应地；转而；依次；轮流
in turn
take turns to do/in doing sth. 轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。
by turns 轮流地，交替地
例句：
1.The children called out their names ______turn.
2.It’s my turn ________（make）inferences.
3.Theory is based on practice and _________turn serves practice.
4.The book is，_________ turns，funny and sad.
5.Two days after the operation，the patient took a turn _________ the worse.
基础练习
in
to make
in
by
for
短语搭配：
There is an alternative that should be welcome to all.
1. n. 可供选择的事物
alternative
have no alternative/choice but to do
=can’t choose/help but do...除做……之外别无选择
have the alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择
an alternative to... 是……的替代物（to 是介词）
例句：
2.adj.（仅用于名词前）可供替代的；非传统的
alternative energy 可替代能源
alternative ways/approaches/methods 其他的方法
alternative suggestions可供选择的建议
短语搭配：
（1）The police had no alternative but ______（set）the man free without enough evidence.
（2）You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；those are the two ______________（alternative）.
（3）There must be an alternative ____people sleeping on the streets.
基础练习
to set
to
alternatives
归纳拓展：
fix one’s attention on 把某人的注意力集中于
concentrate on 集中（注意力、精力）于　　　
pay attention to 注意 put one’s heart into全神贯注于
关注，聚焦于
focus one’s attention/mind on 集中某人的注意力/ 心思于……
focus on
This season’s fashions focus on warm tones and soft lines.
I regret not having focused my mind on my study.
例句：
1.When you only focus _____a big goal，it’s easy to get burned out by the daily grind（令人疲劳的工作）.
2.With all his attention focused _______ his study，no wonder he has made great achievements.
3.He lay in bed with his eyes ____（focus）on the ceiling.
4.The noise made it hard for me _ （focus）on the work.
5.There is too much noise. I can’t concentrate my attention ____ the work.
基础练习
on
to focus
focused
on
on
归纳拓展：
in depth 全面地；深入地；详细地
at a depth of 30 metres在 30 米的深处
a metre/foot in depth一米 / 一英尺深
n. 深（度）deeply adv.很深地;深刻地 depth n.深度; deepen v. 变深 ;deep adj. 深的
depth
I haven’t read the report in depth yet.
例句：
1.He was in the ___________（deep） of despair.
2.Sailors measure the depth ________the water in fathoms（英寻）.
3.In this experiment the brave person had spent 130 days in a cave，30 feet ________ depth.
4.It is not ______________（long）of life，but depth of life.
基础练习
depths
the length
in
of
What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 本句中 that引导同位语从句，对 fact 的具体内容进行解释说明。
1.可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有 news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility 等。
（2）引导同位语从句的引导词：①that，②whether，③what 、how，when，where、who 等。（注：if，which 不能引导同位语从句）
同位语从句
(1) (2) (3) in(4)
1.When the news came _______ her students attained their dreams，she jumped with joy.
2.Do you have evidence _____ this treatment works
3.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
基础练习
that
that
that
归纳拓展：
make full/good use of 充分利用
=make the best/the most of 充分利用
利用；使用
make use of
1.We will make good use of our time to learn English well.
2.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
例句：
（1）You can _______________（随意使用）it as you like.
（2）You’d better _____________________（利用空闲时间） to take exercise.
（3）Every minute should ___________________________（被充分利用来学习） our lessons well.
（4）Do you know any other __________ we can__________ the mobile phone （你知道手机其他用途吗？）
基础练习
make free use of
uses
be made full use of to study
make use of your free time
make of
写出下列句中expand的中文含义：
①You should read English newspapers to expand your vocabulary.
②The popular ceramics industry expanded toward the middle of the 19th century.
③Metals expand when they are heated.
vi.扩大;增加;膨胀 vt.扩展;发展expansion n.扩大，扩张expansive adj.广阔的；广泛的
expand
扩大;增加;
扩展，发展
膨胀
expand：(使)(尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大;增加(活动量);扩大(活动范围)
expand，extend，spread，stretch
辨析比较
extend：延伸,延长(建筑或道路、时间等);扩大(控制、影响力等);伸展(手臂、腿等)
spread：把(物)铺开、张开;(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延;(消息、思想等)流传，传播;扩展(使能覆盖大的面积);张开(手臂等)
stretch：伸展,拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸 展,不是加长
归纳拓展：
take back带回:收回 take in吸收;接纳;欺骗;理解
take away带走;剥夺 take up 占据;从事 take over接管
从事:呈现;承担;开始;雇用
take on
1.In rural areas,where ambulances can take a relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role.
2.The village has taken on a new look thanks to the good economic policies from the government.
例句：
从事:呈现;承担;开始;雇用
take on
3.Tom took over his father's position and began to take on more shop assistants.
4.I could hardly take in what you said.
5.Please take away all the things you do not need any more.
例句：
归纳拓展：
（1）increase by增加了 increase to增加到
on the increase 正在增加;正在增长
(2)decrease v.减少;减小;降低n.减少;减小;减少量
decrease by 减少了 decrease to 减少到
on the decrease在减少;在下降
v.&n.增加 increasing adj.不断增长的;increasingly adv.越来越多地，不断增加地
increase
increase
1.The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and that will raise your overall energy even more.
2.The production of the cotton this year is on the decrease, and compared with that of last year, it has decreased by 20%， but the price has increased by 30%.
例句：
v.&n.增加 increasing adj.不断增长的;increasingly adv.越来越多地，不断增加地
1.The number of students has increased __________ 500.
2.The pressure at work is ________ the increase in all occupations.
基础练习
to/by
on

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