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中国成语故事语篇精选—打开高效学习英语之门
按图索骥
(按，on the basis of;图，picture;索，look for;骥，steed)
Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Sun Yang in the State of Qin, who was known as a famous judge of horses. With just one glance, he could tell whether a horse was excellent or poor. People called him "Bo Le"—a name that became synonymous with an expert judge of horses. Throughout his life, Bo Le identified countless fine horses. In his later years, he compiled his experience into a book titled The Manual of Horse Physiognomy.
Bo Le’s son admired his father’s skill and also wanted to become an expert in judging horses. However, he was of ordinary talent. Thinking he had mastered the skill, he memorized The Manual of Horse Physiognomy from cover to cover and set out to find a fine horse based on its descriptions.
One day, Bo Le’s son came across a toad by the roadside. He noticed that the toad matched the descriptions in the manual: "A thousand-li horse has a full and raised forehead, bright eyes, and four large, well-shaped hooves." Believing he had found a real thousand-li horse, he eagerly picked up the toad and brought it home. He said to his father, "I’ve found a fine horse, but its hooves aren’t quite right."
Hearing his son’s words and seeing the toad in his hand, Bo Le didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. All he could say was, "Well, this 'horse' is too fond of jumping. It’s hard to ride."
Later, people used the phrase "looking for a steed with the aid of its picture" to describe those who rigidly follow rules or books without using common sense or adapting to reality.
按图索骥（中文翻译）
春秋时期，秦国有个叫孙阳的人，以擅长相马而闻名。他只需看一眼，就能分辨出一匹马是优是劣。人们称他为 “伯乐”—— 这个名字后来成了 “相马专家” 的代名词。伯乐一生识别出了无数匹骏马。到了晚年，他把自己的经验编撰成一本名为《相马经》的书。
伯乐的儿子很羡慕父亲的本领，也想成为一名相马专家。然而，他天资平平。自认为掌握了相马技艺后，他把《相马经》从头到尾背了下来，然后按照书中的描述出发去寻找骏马。
有一天，伯乐的儿子在路边看到一只癞蛤蟆。他发现这只癞蛤蟆和书中的描述相符：“千里马额头饱满隆起，眼睛明亮，四蹄宽大端正。” 他以为自己找到了真正的千里马，便兴冲冲地抓起癞蛤蟆带回家。他对父亲说：“我找到一匹骏马，就是蹄子不太对。”
听到儿子的话，又看到他手里的癞蛤蟆，伯乐哭笑不得。他只能说道：“唉，这匹‘马’太爱跳了，不好骑啊。”
后来，人们用 “按图索骥” 这个短语，来形容那些死守规则或书本、不懂常识、不会适应现实的人。
逐句翻译 + 解析（含陌生单词、高频语块及造句）
1. Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture (按图索骥)
逐句翻译：借助画像寻找骏马（即 “按图索骥”，原指按书本描述找千里马，后喻死守教条、不懂变通）
陌生单词：
steed /sti d/n. 骏马；良马（例：a strong steed 强壮的骏马；looking for a steed 寻找骏马）
with the aid of 借助…… 的帮助；依靠……（固定短语，“aid” 表 “帮助、辅助”，例：with the aid of a dictionary 借助字典；with the aid of its picture 借助它的画像）
高频语块：Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture 按图索骥（寓言标题，表 “死守教条找目标”，例：The phrase “Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture” warns us not to rigidly follow books. “按图索骥” 这个短语警示我们不要死守书本。）
造句：He found the lost key with the aid of a flashlight—this is just like “Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture” but in a smart way.（他借助手电筒找到了丢失的钥匙 —— 这有点像 “按图索骥”，但方式更灵活。）
2. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Sun Yang in the State of Qin, who was known as a famous judge of horses.
逐句翻译：春秋时期，秦国有个叫孙阳的人，以擅长相马而闻名。
陌生单词：
the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋时期（中国古代历史时期，专有名词，例：stories from the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋时期的故事；During the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋时期）
was known as 被称为；以…… 闻名（固定短语，例：Beijing is known as the “Capital of China”. 北京被称为 “中国的首都”；was known as a famous judge of horses 以著名相马师而闻名）
judge of horses 相马师；马的评判者（“judge” 表 “评判者、鉴别者”，例：a judge of art 艺术品鉴赏家；a famous judge of horses 著名相马师）
高频语块：was known as 被称为；以…… 闻名（例：Lu Xun is known as a great writer in China. 鲁迅在中国被称为伟大的作家。）
造句：During the Tang Dynasty, there was a poet named Li Bai in Sichuan, who was known as a “Fairy Poet”.（唐朝时期，四川有个叫李白的诗人，被称为 “诗仙”。）
3. With just one glance, he could tell whether a horse was excellent or poor.
逐句翻译：他只需看一眼，就能分辨出一匹马是优是劣。
陌生单词：
with just one glance 只需看一眼；一眼望去（“glance” 表 “瞥、看一眼”，例：with one glance 看一眼；with just one glance 只需看一眼）
could tell 能分辨；能判断（“tell” 表 “分辨、判断”，例：could tell right from wrong 能分辨对错；could tell whether...or... 能分辨…… 是…… 还是……）
excellent or poor 优良还是低劣；好还是差（“excellent” 表 “优秀的、优良的”，“poor” 表 “劣质的、差的”，例：good or bad 好还是坏；excellent or poor 优还是劣）
高频语块：could tell whether...or... 能分辨…… 是…… 还是……（例：She could tell whether the fruit was ripe or unripe by its color. 她能通过颜色分辨水果是熟还是生。）
造句：With just one listen, the music teacher could tell whether the note was correct or wrong.（音乐老师只需听一遍，就能分辨出音符是对还是错。）
4. People called him "Bo Le"—a name that became synonymous with an expert judge of horses.
逐句翻译：人们称他为 “伯乐”—— 这个名字后来成了 “相马专家” 的代名词。
陌生单词：
called him "Bo Le" 称他为 “伯乐”；叫他 “伯乐”（“call sb + 名字” 表 “称某人为……”，例：called her “Lily” 叫她 “莉莉”；called him "Bo Le" 称他为 “伯乐”）
synonymous /s n n m s/adj. 同义的；代名词的（“be synonymous with” 表 “是…… 的代名词、与…… 同义”，例：Health is synonymous with happiness. 健康是幸福的代名词；became synonymous with 成了…… 的代名词）
an expert judge of horses 相马专家；专业相马师（“expert” 表 “专业的、专家的”，例：an expert doctor 专科医生；an expert judge of horses 相马专家）
高频语块：be synonymous with 是…… 的代名词（例：Hard work is synonymous with success. 努力是成功的代名词。）
造句：The Great Wall is called “the Dragon of China”—a name that became synonymous with Chinese culture.（长城被称为 “中国的巨龙”—— 这个名字成了中国文化的代名词。）
5. Throughout his life, he identified countless fine horses.
逐句翻译：伯乐一生识别出了无数匹骏马。
陌生单词：
throughout his life 一生之中；毕生（“throughout” 表 “遍及、自始至终”，例：throughout the year 一整年；throughout his life 一生之中）
identified /a dent fa d/v. 识别；认出（“identify” 的过去式，例：identified the problem 找出问题；identified countless fine horses 识别出无数匹骏马）
countless / ka ntl s/adj. 无数的；数不清的（例：countless stars 无数的星星；countless fine horses 无数匹骏马）
高频语块：throughout one’s life 一生之中（例：Throughout her life, she devoted herself to helping the poor. 她一生都致力于帮助穷人。）
造句：Throughout his career, the scientist made countless important discoveries.（这位科学家在职业生涯中，做出了无数重要的发现。）
6. In his later years, he compiled his experience into a book titled The Manual of Horse Physiognomy.
逐句翻译：到了晚年，他把自己的经验编撰成一本名为《相马经》的书。
陌生单词：
in his later years 在他的晚年；晚年时期（例：in her later years 在她的晚年；in his later years 到了他的晚年）
compiled his experience into 把他的经验编撰成；将他的经验整理成（“compile...into...” 表 “把…… 编撰成……”，例：compiled data into a report 把数据整理成报告；compiled his experience into a book 把经验编撰成书）
titled / ta tld/adj. 名为…… 的；标题是…… 的（例：a movie titled “Life” 一部名为《人生》的电影；a book titled The Manual of Horse Physiognomy 一本名为《相马经》的书）
The Manual of Horse Physiognomy 《相马经》（“manual” 表 “手册、指南”，“physiognomy” 表 “外貌鉴定、相术”，此处为书名）
高频语块：compile...into... 把…… 编撰成……（例：The teacher compiled students’ articles into a magazine. 老师把学生的文章编撰成一本杂志。）
造句：In his later years, the painter compiled his works into a collection titled My Paintings of Nature.（到了晚年，这位画家把自己的作品编撰成一本集子，名为《我的自然画作》。）
7. Bo Le’s son admired his father’s skill and also wanted to become an expert in judging horses.
逐句翻译：伯乐的儿子很羡慕父亲的本领，也想成为一名相马专家。
陌生单词：
admired / d ma d/v. 羡慕；钦佩（“admire” 的过去式，例：admired her courage 钦佩她的勇气；admired his father’s skill 羡慕父亲的本领）
skill /sk l/n. 技能；本领（例：cooking skills 烹饪技能；his father’s skill 父亲的本领）
an expert in judging horses 相马专家；擅长相马的人（“in” 表 “在…… 方面”，例：an expert in English 英语专家；an expert in judging horses 相马专家）
高频语块：admire sb’s skill 羡慕某人的本领（例：All students admired the teacher’s piano skill. 所有学生都羡慕老师的钢琴本领。）
造句：My little brother admired my sister’s drawing skill and also wanted to become an expert in painting.（弟弟很羡慕姐姐的绘画本领，也想成为一名绘画专家。）
8. However, he was of ordinary talent.
逐句翻译：然而，他天资平平。
陌生单词：
however /ha ev (r)/adv. 然而；可是（表转折，例：He is rich, however, he is not happy. 他很有钱，然而并不快乐；However, he was of ordinary talent 然而，他天资平平）
of ordinary talent 天资普通的；天赋平平的（“of + 名词” 表 “具有…… 的性质”，例：of great importance 非常重要的；of ordinary talent 天资平平的）
ordinary / dnri/adj. 普通的；平常的（例：ordinary people 普通人；ordinary talent 普通天赋）
高频语块：of ordinary talent 天资平平的（例：He is of ordinary talent, but he works harder than others. 他天资平平，但比别人更努力。）
造句：However, the little girl was of ordinary voice, but she practiced singing every day.（然而，这个小女孩嗓音平平，但她每天都练习唱歌。）
9. Thinking he had mastered the skill, he memorized The Manual of Horse Physiognomy from cover to cover and set out to find a fine horse based on its descriptions.
逐句翻译：自认为掌握了相马技艺后，他把《相马经》从头到尾背了下来，然后按照书中的描述出发去寻找骏马。
陌生单词：
thinking he had mastered the skill 认为他掌握了技能；自认为学会了本领（现在分词短语作状语，“master” 表 “掌握、精通”，例：thinking he had learned the lesson 认为他学会了课程；thinking he had mastered the skill 自认为掌握了技艺）
memorized...from cover to cover 把…… 从头到尾背下来；通读并记住（“memorize” 表 “记忆、背诵”，“from cover to cover” 表 “从头到尾、逐页”，例：memorized the poem from cover to cover 把诗从头到尾背下来；memorized The Manual of Horse Physiognomy 背诵《相马经》）
set out to 出发去；着手做（固定短语，例：set out to travel 出发去旅行；set out to find a fine horse 出发去寻找骏马）
based on its descriptions 根据它的描述；依据（书中的）描述（“based on” 表 “基于、根据”，例：based on facts 根据事实；based on its descriptions 按照书中的描述）
高频语块：set out to do sth 出发去做某事；着手做某事（例：They set out to climb the mountain at dawn. 他们黎明时出发去爬山。）
造句：Thinking she had mastered the recipe, she memorized the cooking book from cover to cover and set out to make the cake based on its steps.（自认为掌握了食谱后，她把烹饪书从头到尾背下来，然后按照书中的步骤出发去做蛋糕。）
10. One day, Bo Le’s son came across a toad by the roadside.
逐句翻译：有一天，伯乐的儿子在路边看到一只癞蛤蟆。
陌生单词：
came across 偶然遇见；碰到（固定短语，例：came across an old friend 碰到一位老朋友；came across a toad 看到一只癞蛤蟆）
a toad /t d/n. 癞蛤蟆；蟾蜍（例：a small toad 小癞蛤蟆；a toad by the roadside 路边的癞蛤蟆）
by the roadside 在路边；路旁（例：a bench by the roadside 路边的长椅；by the roadside 在路边）
高频语块：came across 偶然遇见（例：I came across a beautiful park when I walked home yesterday. 昨天走路回家时，我偶然看到一个漂亮的公园。）
造句：One afternoon, my cousin came across a little cat by the roadside and took it home.（一天下午，表哥在路边碰到一只小猫，把它带回了家。）
11. He noticed that the toad matched the descriptions in the manual: "A thousand-li horse has a full and raised forehead, bright eyes, and four large, well-shaped hooves."
逐句翻译：他发现这只癞蛤蟆和书中的描述相符：“千里马额头饱满隆起，眼睛明亮，四蹄宽大端正。”
陌生单词：
noticed that 注意到……；发现……（“notice” 表 “注意、察觉”，例：noticed that it was raining 注意到在下雨；noticed that the toad matched 发现癞蛤蟆符合）
matched /m t t/v. 符合；匹配（“match” 的过去式，例：matched the color 匹配颜色；matched the descriptions 符合描述）
the manual / m nju l/n. 手册；指南（此处指《相马经》，例：a user manual 用户手册；the manual 这本书）
a thousand-li horse 千里马（“li” 是中国古代长度单位 “里”，“thousand-li” 表 “千里的”，例：a real thousand-li horse 一匹真正的千里马）
full and raised forehead 饱满且隆起的额头；额头饱满隆起（“full” 表 “饱满的”，“raised” 表 “隆起的”，例：a smooth forehead 光滑的额头；full and raised forehead 额头饱满隆起）
well-shaped hooves /hu vz/ 形状端正的蹄子；端正的蹄子（“well-shaped” 表 “形状好的、端正的”，“hoof” 表 “蹄子”，复数 “hooves”，例：strong hooves 强壮的蹄子；well-shaped hooves 形状端正的蹄子）
高频语块：matched the descriptions 符合描述（例：This product matched the descriptions on the website. 这个产品符合网站上的描述。）
造句：She noticed that the dress matched the pictures in the catalog: "It has a round neck, short sleeves, and a long skirt."（她发现这条裙子和商品目录里的图片相符：“圆领、短袖、长裙。”）
12. Believing he had found a real thousand-li horse, he eagerly picked up the toad and brought it home.
逐句翻译：他以为自己找到了真正的千里马，便兴冲冲地抓起癞蛤蟆带回家。
陌生单词：
believing he had found... 认为他找到了……；以为自己找到了……（现在分词短语作状语，例：believing he had won 以为他赢了；believing he had found a real thousand-li horse 以为自己找到了真正的千里马）
eagerly / i ɡ li/adv. 急切地；兴冲冲地（例：eagerly waited 急切地等待；eagerly picked up 兴冲冲地抓起）
picked up 捡起；抓起（“pick up” 表 “拿起、捡起”，例：picked up a pen 捡起一支笔；picked up the toad 抓起癞蛤蟆）
brought it home 把它带回家；带它回家（“bring...home” 表 “把…… 带回家”，例：brought the book home 把书带回家；brought it home 把它带回家）
高频语块：picked up 捡起；抓起（例：She picked up the fallen leaves and threw them into the bin. 她捡起落叶，扔进垃圾桶。）
造句：Believing she had found a rare stone, the little girl eagerly picked it up and brought it to her teacher.（小女孩以为自己找到了一块稀有石头，便兴冲冲地捡起它，拿给老师看。）
13. He said to his father, "I’ve found a fine horse, but its hooves aren’t quite right."
逐句翻译：他对父亲说：“我找到一匹骏马，就是蹄子不太对。”
陌生单词：
a fine horse 一匹骏马；一匹好马（“fine” 表 “优良的、好的”，例：a fine day 好天气；a fine horse 骏马）
its hooves aren’t quite right 它的蹄子不太对；它的蹄子不太合适（“hooves” 表 “蹄子”，“quite right” 表 “完全对、合适”，例：the answer isn’t quite right 答案不太对；its hooves aren’t quite right 蹄子不太对）
高频语块：but 但是（表转折，例：I like this book, but it’s too expensive. 我喜欢这本书，但是它太贵了。）
造句：He said to his mom, "I’ve found a beautiful flower, but its petals are a bit wilted."（他对妈妈说：“我找到一朵漂亮的花，就是花瓣有点蔫了。”）
14. Hearing his son’s words and seeing the toad in his hand, Bo Le didn’t know whether to laugh or cry.
逐句翻译：听到儿子的话，又看到他手里的癞蛤蟆，伯乐哭笑不得。
陌生单词：
hearing his son’s words 听到他儿子的话；听了儿子的话（现在分词短语作状语，例：hearing the news 听到消息；hearing his son’s words 听到儿子的话）
seeing the toad in his hand 看到他手里的癞蛤蟆；看见他手中的蟾蜍（“in his hand” 表 “在他手里”，例：seeing the apple in her hand 看到她手里的苹果；seeing the toad in his hand 看到他手里的癞蛤蟆）
didn’t know whether to laugh or cry 不知道该笑还是该哭；哭笑不得（固定表达，例：She didn’t know whether to stay or leave. 她不知道该留下还是离开；didn’t know whether to laugh or cry 哭笑不得）
高频语块：hearing...and seeing... 听到…… 且看到……（现在分词短语并列作状语，例：Hearing the bell and seeing the teacher, students sat down quickly. 听到铃声且看到老师，学生们快速坐下。）
造句：Hearing my little brother’s explanation and seeing the broken toy in his hand, my dad didn’t know whether to laugh or cry.（听了弟弟的解释，又看到他手里的坏玩具，爸爸哭笑不得。）
15. All he could say was, "Well, this 'horse' is too fond of jumping. It’s hard to ride."
逐句翻译：他只能说道：“唉，这匹‘马’太爱跳了，不好骑啊。”
陌生单词：
all he could say was 他只能说的是；他只能说道（“all he could say” 作主语，例：All I could do was wait. 我只能等；All he could say was 他只能说道）
too fond of jumping 太喜欢跳；太爱跳（“be fond of” 表 “喜欢、喜爱”，例：be fond of reading 喜欢读书；too fond of jumping 太爱跳）
it’s hard to ride 很难骑；不好骑（“it’s hard to do sth” 表 “做某事很难”，例：it’s hard to learn 很难学；it’s hard to ride 不好骑）
高频语块：be fond of 喜欢；喜爱（例：My grandma is fond of growing flowers. 奶奶喜欢种花。）
造句：All she could say was, "Well, this 'pet' is too fond of running. It’s hard to keep."（她只能说道：“唉，这只‘宠物’太爱跑了，不好养啊。”）
16. Later, people used the phrase "looking for a steed with the aid of its picture" to describe those who rigidly follow rules or books without using common sense or adapting to reality.
逐句翻译：后来，人们用 “按图索骥” 这个短语，来形容那些死守规则或书本、不懂常识、不会适应现实的人。
陌生单词：
later / le t (r)/adv. 后来；之后（例：later that day 那天晚些时候；later 后来）
used the phrase...to describe 用…… 短语来形容；用…… 词组描述（“use...to describe” 表 “用…… 描述”，例：used the word to explain 用这个词解释；used the phrase...to describe 用这个短语形容）
rigidly follow rules 严格遵守规则；死守规则（“rigidly” 表 “严格地、死板地”，“follow rules” 表 “遵守规则”，例：rigidly follow plans 死守计划；rigidly follow rules 死守规则）
without using common sense 没有运用常识；不懂常识（“without” 表 “没有、不”，“common sense” 表 “常识”，例：without thinking carefully 没有仔细思考；without using common sense 不懂常识）
adapting to reality 适应现实；适应实际情况（“adapt to” 表 “适应”，例：adapt to new life 适应新生活；adapting to reality 适应现实）
高频语块：used...to describe 用…… 来形容（例：People used the word “brave” to describe the little hero. 人们用 “勇敢” 这个词来形容小英雄。）
造句：Later, people used the saying "cutting the feet to fit the shoes" to describe those who rigidly follow standards without considering actual situations or using common sense.（后来，人们用 “削足适履” 这个俗语，来形容那些死守标准、不考虑实际情况、不懂常识的人。）
核心知识点汇总
1. 重点动词短语
动词短语 含义 例句
was known as 被称为；以…… 闻名 Edison is known as the “Father of Electricity”.
compiled...into... 把…… 编撰成…… She compiled her diaries into a book.
set out to 出发去；着手做 He set out to finish the work on time.
came across 偶然遇见；碰到 We came across a small river on the way.
picked up 捡起；抓起 He picked up the fallen book.
be fond of 喜欢；喜爱 They are fond of playing basketball.
used...to describe 用…… 来形容 Teachers used examples to describe the rule.
2. 高频语法与结构
现在分词短语作状语：如 “Believing he had found...”“Hearing his son’s words and seeing...”，表 “伴随主句动作的状态或动作”，例：Walking in the park, I met an old friend.（在公园散步时，我遇到一位老朋友。）
“whether...or...” 选择结构：表 “是…… 还是……”，例：I don’t know whether to buy this pen or that one.（我不知道该买这支笔还是那支。）
“it’s + 形容词 + to do sth” 句式：表 “做某事很……”，例：It’s easy to learn English if you practice.（如果你练习，学英语很容易。）
“be+of + 名词” 结构：表 “具有…… 性质”，例：The book is of great value.（这本书很有价值。）
定语从句 “who...”：修饰 “those”，表 “…… 的人”，例：I know those who like reading.（我认识那些喜欢读书的人。）
《Looking for a Steed with the Aid of Its Picture》练习题
I. 阅读理解单选题 (10小题)阅读文章，根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
1. What was Sun Yang famous for during the Spring and Autumn Period
A. Writing books.
B. Training horses.
C. Judging horses.
D. Riding horses.
2. What does the name "Bo Le" mean to people
A. A fast runner.
B. An expert judge of horses.
C. A wise king.
D. A strong soldier.
3. What did Bo Le do in his later years
A. He traveled around the world.
B. He taught his son how to ride a horse.
C. He wrote a book about his experience.
D. He stopped judging horses.
4. Why did Bo Le's son want to become a horse judge
A. Because he loved horses.
B. Because he admired his father's skill.
C. Because he wanted to make money.
D. Because his father asked him to.
5. How did Bo Le's son learn to judge horses
A. By riding horses every day.
B. By working with his father.
C. By memorizing his father's book.
D. By talking to other experts.
6. What did Bo Le's son find by the roadside
A. A small horse.
B. A toad.
C. A picture of a horse.
D. A book about horses.
7. Why did Bo Le's son think the toad was a good horse
A. Because it could run fast.
B. Because it matched the descriptions in the book.
C. Because his father told him so.
D. Because it had large hooves.
8. What was Bo Le's reaction when he saw the toad
A. He was very angry.
B. He didn't know whether to laugh or cry.
C. He was very proud.
D. He was sad.
9. What did Bo Le say about the "horse"
A. It was too slow.
B. It was too small.
C. It was too fond of jumping and hard to ride.
D. It was very strong.
10. What does the phrase "looking for a steed with the aid of its picture" mean today
A. Drawing a picture of a horse.
B. Riding a horse fast.
C. Following rules or books without using common sense.
D. Finding a real thousand-li horse.
II. 完形填空题 (10小题)
阅读下面短文，从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Bo Le was a famous horse judge. People called him "Bo Le" because he could (1)______ tell a good horse from a poor one. When he was (2)______, he wrote a book about his (3)______.
His son wanted to be a horse judge too, but he was not as (4)______ as his father. He (5)______ his father's book and thought he knew everything. One day, he found a (6)______ and thought it was a horse because it (7)______ the descriptions in the book.
He brought it home and showed it to his father. Bo Le didn't know whether to (8)______ or cry. He said the "horse" loved to (9)______ and was hard to ride. This story tells us not to follow rules (10)______ without thinking.
1. A. slowly B. easily C. carefully D. happily
2. A. young B. old C. busy D. sick
3. A. life B. family C. experience D. dreams
4. A. tall B. strong C. talented D. kind
5. A. wrote B. read C. memorized D. bought
6. A. horse B. toad C. dog D. cat
7. A. matched B. changed C. ignored D. simplified
8. A. laugh B. shout C. sing D. run
9. A. run B. eat C. jump D. sleep
10. A. carefully B. happily C. rigidly D. easily
III. 短语填空 (10小题)从下方方框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
be known as, tell... from..., compile into, from cover to cover, set out to, come across, be fond of, be hard to, be synonymous with, adapt to
1. Sun Yang _______________ a famous judge of horses.
2. He could _______________ a good horse _______________ a poor one with just one glance.
3. Bo Le _______________ his experience _______________ a book called *The Manual of Horse Physiognomy*.
4. His son memorized the book _______________.
5. He _______________ find a fine horse based on the book's descriptions.
6. He _______________ a toad by the roadside.
7. Bo Le said the "horse" _______________ jumping.
8. He also said it _______________ ride.
9. The name "Bo Le" has _______________ an expert judge of horses.
10. The phrase teaches us to _______________ reality instead of following rules rigidly.
IV. 句子翻译 (10小题)将下列中文句子翻译成英文。
1. 孙阳是春秋时期著名的相马专家。
2. 人们称他为“伯乐”。
3. 伯乐一眼就能看出马的优劣。
4. 晚年时，他将自己的经验编撰成书。
5. 伯乐的儿子非常羡慕父亲相马的本领。
6. 他将《相马经》背得滚瓜烂熟。
7. 他在路边发现了一只癞蛤蟆。
8. 他以为自已真正找到了一匹千里马。
9. 伯乐看到儿子手中的癞蛤蟆，哭笑不得。
10. 这个短语比喻死守教条而不知变通。
V. 句型转换 (10小题)根据要求改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
1. Bo Le was a famous judge of horses. (改为一般疑问句)
_______________ Bo Le a famous judge of horses
2. He could tell a good horse from a poor one easily. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ could he tell a good horse from a poor one
3. People called him "Bo Le". (改为被动语态)
He _______________ "Bo Le" by people.
4. "I have found a fine horse," he said to his father. (改为间接引语)
He told his father that _______________ a fine horse.
5. The toad matched the descriptions in the book. (改为否定句)
The toad _______________ the descriptions in the book.
6. Bo Le didn't know whether to laugh or cry. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ Bo Le not know whether to do
7. This "horse" is too fond of jumping. (改为感叹句)
_______________ this "horse" is of jumping!
8. It is hard to ride. (改为同义句)
It is not _______________ to ride.
9. The phrase is used to describe people who follow rules rigidly. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ is the phrase used to describe
10. We should adapt to reality. (改为被动语态)
Reality should _______________ by us.
练习题答案
I. 阅读理解单选题
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C
6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. C
II. 完形填空题
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C
6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. C
III. 短语填空
1. was known as
2. tell, from
3. compiled, into
4. from cover to cover
5. set out to
6. came across
7. was fond of
8. was hard to
9. become synonymous with
10. adapt to
IV. 句子翻译
1. Sun Yang was a famous judge of horses during the Spring and Autumn Period.
2. People called him "Bo Le".
3. Bo Le could tell whether a horse was excellent or poor with just one glance.
4. In his later years, he compiled his experience into a book.
5. Bo Le's son admired his father's skill in judging horses.
6. He memorized *The Manual of Horse Physiognomy* from cover to cover.
7. He found a toad by the roadside.
8. He thought he had found a real thousand-li horse.
9. When Bo Le saw the toad in his son's hand, he didn't know whether to laugh or cry.
10. This phrase is used to describe those who rigidly follow rules without adapting to reality.
V. 句型转换
1. Was
2. How
3. was called
4. he had found
5. did not match
6. What did
7. How fond
8. easy
9. Whom
10. be adapted to

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