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中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选——用英语说中国故事
The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes
（郑人买履）
A long time ago, a man from the State of Zheng had a pair of worn-out shoes, so he wanted to buy a new pair. He took a ruler at home to measure the size of his foot, then got ready to go to the market to buy shoes. Maybe he was in too much of a hurry—when he arrived at the market, he suddenly remembered that he had written the foot size down in a book and forgotten to bring it. He couldn’t remember the exact size either. What could he do After thinking for a moment, he turned around and went back home to get the size.
But his home was far from the market. He had left home early in the morning and only reached the market when the sun was high in the sky. By the time he went back home and came to the market again, the sun was already setting. The market crowd had long dispersed, and naturally, he didn’t buy the shoes. He felt very disappointed and complained to a passerby in annoyance.
After hearing his story, the passerby asked in confusion: “Since you had already reached the shoe store the first time, why didn’t you try the shoes on with your own foot Then you could have bought a pair that fits!” But the man from Zheng shook his head repeatedly and said: “I would rather believe the measured size than my own foot.” The passerby looked at his firm expression and couldn’t help but widen his eyes in surprise.
Only the foot wearing the shoe knows if it fits. Why couldn’t this man from Zheng understand such a simple truth, and instead be so blind to the rigid “rule” (the measured size)
Moral
The man from Zheng described by Han Fei (the author) is ridiculous. In real life, there are also many people who are equally blind to rigid rules and ignore practical situations. In our daily study and life, we must never have such an attitude. No matter what we do, we should learn to be flexible and analyze specific problems based on actual situations.
郑人买履（中文翻译）
很久以前，郑国有个人的鞋子破了，于是他想买一双新的。他在家里拿了一把尺子量了自己脚的尺寸，然后准备去集市买鞋。可能是太着急了 —— 到了集市，他突然想起自己把脚的尺寸写在一本书上，却忘了带来，而且他也记不清确切的尺寸了。这可怎么办呢？想了一会儿，他转身回家去取尺寸。
可他家离集市很远。他一大早出门，直到太阳高高挂在天上才赶到集市。等他回家取了尺寸再回到集市时，太阳已经快落山了。集市上的人早就散了，他自然没买到鞋子。他特别失望，懊恼地跟一个路人抱怨。
路人听完他的经历，疑惑地问：“你第一次到鞋店的时候，为什么不用自己的脚试试鞋子呢？这样就能买到合脚的鞋了呀！” 可这个郑国人却连连摇头说：“我宁愿相信量好的尺寸，也不相信自己的脚。” 路人看着他坚定的表情，惊讶得忍不住睁大了眼睛。
鞋子合不合脚，只有穿的人才知道。这个郑国人怎么就不明白这么简单的道理，反而对死板的 “规矩”（量好的尺寸）如此盲目呢？
寓意
韩非子（作者）笔下的这个郑国人很荒唐。在现实生活中，也有很多人同样盲目信奉死板的规矩，忽视实际情况。在日常学习和生活中，我们绝不能有这样的态度。无论做什么事，都要学会灵活变通，根据实际情况具体问题具体分析。
逐句翻译 + 解析
1. The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes（郑人买履）
逐句翻译：郑国的人买鞋子（即 “郑人买履”，比喻固守教条、不懂变通）
陌生单词：
the Man from Zheng 郑国人（“from” 表 “来自……”，例：a girl from Beijing 北京女孩；the Man from Zheng 郑国人）
buying shoes 买鞋子（现在分词短语作后置定语，例：a boy buying books 买书的男孩；the Man from Zheng Buying Shoes 郑人买履）
高频语块：The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes 郑人买履（寓言标题，表 “固守教条的人”，例：“The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes” warns us not to stick to rigid rules.《郑人买履》警示我们不要固守死板的规矩。）
造句：Our Chinese teacher told us the story “The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes” to teach us to be flexible.（语文老师给我们讲《郑人买履》的故事，教我们要灵活变通。）
2. A long time ago, a man from the State of Zheng had a pair of worn-out shoes, so he wanted to buy a new pair.
逐句翻译：很久以前，郑国有个人的鞋子破了，于是他想买一双新的。
陌生单词：
a long time ago 很久以前（故事开头固定表达，例：A long time ago, there was a king. 很久以前，有一位国王。）
the State of Zheng 郑国（古代诸侯国名，前文 “朝三暮四” 已出现类似表达，例：the State of Song 宋国；the State of Zheng 郑国）
worn-out / w n a t/adj. 破旧的；磨损的（例：worn-out clothes 破旧的衣服；a pair of worn-out shoes 一双破鞋子）
a pair of 一双；一对（修饰成双的物品，例：a pair of socks 一双袜子；a pair of shoes 一双鞋子）
a new pair 一双新的（“pair” 此处指代 “shoes”，避免重复，例：a new pair of gloves 一双新手套；buy a new pair 买一双新的）
高频语块：a pair of worn-out shoes 一双破鞋子（例：My grandpa has a pair of worn-out glasses he’s used for 10 years. 爷爷有一副戴了 10 年的旧眼镜。）
造句：A long time ago, a girl from the State of Lu had a pair of broken scissors, so she wanted to buy a new pair.（很久以前，鲁国有个女孩的剪刀坏了，于是她想买一把新的。）
3. He took a ruler at home to measure the size of his foot, then got ready to go to the market to buy shoes.
逐句翻译：他在家里拿了一把尺子量了自己脚的尺寸，然后准备去集市买鞋。
陌生单词：
took a ruler 拿了一把尺子（“take” 表 “拿起、取”，例：took a pen 拿了一支笔；took a ruler 拿了一把尺子）
ruler / ru l (r)/n. 尺子；直尺（例：a plastic ruler 塑料尺子；use a ruler to measure 用尺子量）
measure / me (r)/v. 测量；量（例：measure the length 量长度；measure the size of his foot 量他脚的尺寸）
the size of his foot 他脚的尺寸；他的脚码（“size” 表 “尺寸、尺码”，例：the size of the room 房间的尺寸；the size of his foot 他脚的尺寸）
got ready to 准备好去……；准备做……（固定短语，例：got ready to leave 准备离开；got ready to go to the market 准备去集市）
高频语块：got ready to do sth 准备做某事（例：We got ready to have a picnic on Sunday. 我们准备周日去野餐。）
造句：She took a tape at home to measure the size of the table, then got ready to go to the store to buy a tablecloth.（她在家里拿了卷尺量桌子的尺寸，然后准备去商店买桌布。）
4. Maybe he was in too much of a hurry—when he arrived at the market, he suddenly remembered that he had written the foot size down in a book and forgotten to bring it.
逐句翻译：可能是太着急了 —— 到了集市，他突然想起自己把脚的尺寸写在一本书上，却忘了带来。
陌生单词：
in too much of a hurry 太着急；过于匆忙（固定短语，例：in a hurry to go 着急去；in too much of a hurry 太着急）
arrived at 到达（后接小地点，例：arrived at school 到达学校；arrived at the market 到达集市）
suddenly remembered 突然想起；忽然记起（例：suddenly remembered the key 突然想起钥匙；suddenly remembered that... 突然想起……）
had written...down 写下……；记下……（过去完成时，“write down” 表 “写下”，例：had written the number down 记下号码；had written the foot size down 写下脚的尺寸）
forgotten to bring it 忘了带来它（过去完成时，“forget to do sth” 表 “忘记做某事”，例：forgotten to take the bag 忘了带包；forgotten to bring it 忘了带来它）
高频语块：arrived at + 小地点 到达某地（例：They arrived at the park at 9 a.m. 他们上午 9 点到达公园。）
造句：Maybe she was in too much of a hurry—when she arrived at the exam room, she suddenly remembered that she had written the formula down in a notebook and forgotten to bring it.（可能是太着急了 —— 到了考场，她突然想起自己把公式写在笔记本上，却忘了带来。）
5. He couldn’t remember the exact size either. What could he do
逐句翻译：而且他也记不清确切的尺寸了。这可怎么办呢？
陌生单词：
couldn’t remember 记不住；记不清（例：couldn’t remember the name 记不住名字；couldn’t remember the exact size 记不清确切的尺寸）
exact / ɡ z kt/adj. 确切的；精确的（例：the exact time 确切的时间；the exact size 确切的尺寸）
either / a (r)/adv. 也（用于否定句末尾，前文 “永州之鼠” 已出现，例：I don’t know either 我也不知道；couldn’t remember either 也记不清）
高频语块：the exact size 确切的尺寸（例：You need to tell me the exact size of the box to buy a cover. 你得告诉我盒子的确切尺寸，才能买盖子。）
造句：He couldn’t find the exact address either. What could he do to meet his friend （他也找不到确切的地址，该怎么去见朋友呢？）
6. After thinking for a moment, he turned around and went back home to get the size.
逐句翻译：想了一会儿，他转身回家去取尺寸。
陌生单词：
after thinking for a moment 想了一会儿；思考片刻（例：after waiting for a moment 等了一会儿；after thinking for a moment 想了一会儿）
turned around 转身；转过身（固定短语，例：turned around to look 转身看；turned around and went back 转身回去）
went back home 回家；回到家（例：went back home late 回家晚了；went back home to get 回家去取）
高频语块：turned around and went back 转身回去（例：He heard someone calling him, so he turned around and went back. 他听到有人叫他，于是转身回去了。）
造句：After checking the list for a moment, she turned around and went back to the shelf to get the missing book.（看了一会儿清单，她转身回到书架旁，去取那本漏拿的书。）
7. But his home was far from the market.
逐句翻译：可他家离集市很远。
陌生单词：
far from 离…… 远；远离（固定短语，例：far from school 离学校远；far from the market 离集市远）
高频语块：be far from + 地点 离某地远（例：My home is far from the city center. 我家离市中心很远。）
造句：But the library was far from his house, so he had to take a bus there.（可图书馆离他家很远，所以他得坐公交车去。）
8. He had left home early in the morning and only reached the market when the sun was high in the sky.
逐句翻译：他一大早出门，直到太阳高高挂在天上才赶到集市。
陌生单词：
had left home 已经离开家（过去完成时，表 “在‘到达集市’之前发生的动作”，例：had left the office 已经离开办公室；had left home 已经离开家）
early in the morning 一大早；清晨（固定短语，例：get up early in the morning 一大早起床；left home early in the morning 一大早出门）
only reached...when... 直到…… 才到达……（“only + 谓语 + when...” 表 “直到…… 才……”，例：only arrived when it was dark 直到天黑才到达；only reached the market when... 直到…… 才到达集市）
the sun was high in the sky 太阳高高挂在天上；太阳当头（例：It was noon when the sun was high in the sky. 太阳当头时，已经是中午了。）
高频语块：early in the morning 一大早（例：She usually goes for a walk early in the morning. 她通常一大早去散步。）
造句：He had started his homework early in the morning and only finished it when the moon came out.（他一大早开始写作业，直到月亮出来才写完。）
9. By the time he went back home and came to the market again, the sun was already setting.
逐句翻译：等他回家取了尺寸再回到集市时，太阳已经快落山了。
陌生单词：
by the time 到…… 的时候；等…… 的时候（引导时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时或过去时，例：By the time I woke up 等我醒来的时候；By the time he went back 等他回去的时候）
came to the market again 再次来到集市；又回到集市（例：came to school again 再次来到学校；came to the market again 再回到集市）
the sun was already setting 太阳已经在落山了；太阳已经快下山了（“set” 表 “落下”，例：the sun sets in the west 太阳从西边落下；the sun was already setting 太阳已经快落山了）
高频语块：by the time + 从句 到…… 的时候（例：By the time we got to the cinema, the movie had already started. 等我们到电影院时，电影已经开始了。）
造句：By the time she finished cleaning the room and went to the kitchen, her mom had already cooked dinner.（等她打扫完房间去厨房时，妈妈已经做好晚饭了。）
10. The market crowd had long dispersed, and naturally, he didn’t buy the shoes.
逐句翻译：集市上的人早就散了，他自然没买到鞋子。
陌生单词：
market crowd 集市上的人群；赶集的人（例：a big market crowd 很多赶集的人；the market crowd had dispersed 集市上的人散了）
had long dispersed 早就散了；早已散开（过去完成时，“disperse” 表 “分散、散开”，例：the students had dispersed 学生们已经散开；had long dispersed 早就散了）
dispersed /d sp st/v. 分散；散开（例：The crowd dispersed after the show. 演出结束后，人群散开了。）
naturally / n t r li/adv. 自然地；理所当然地（前文 “奕秋授奕” 已出现，例：naturally happy 自然开心；naturally didn’t buy 自然没买到）
高频语块：had long dispersed 早就散了（例：By the time we arrived, the meeting crowd had long dispersed. 等我们到的时候，开会的人早就散了。）
造句：The park visitors had long left when the rain started, and naturally, we didn’t have a picnic.（下雨的时候，公园里的游客早就走了，我们自然没野餐成。）
11. He felt very disappointed and complained to a passerby in annoyance.
逐句翻译：他特别失望，懊恼地跟一个路人抱怨。
陌生单词：
felt very disappointed 感到非常失望；特别失望（“disappointed” 表 “失望的”，例：felt disappointed 感到失望；felt very disappointed 特别失望）
complained to 向…… 抱怨；对…… 诉苦（“complain to sb” 表 “向某人抱怨”，例：complained to his mom 向妈妈抱怨；complained to a passerby 跟路人抱怨）
passerby / pɑ s ba /n. 路人；过路人（例：a stranger passerby 陌生路人；a passerby in the street 街上的路人）
in annoyance 懊恼地；生气地（“annoyance” 表 “懊恼、生气”，例：spoke in annoyance 懊恼地说；complained in annoyance 懊恼地抱怨）
高频语块：complained to sb 向某人抱怨（例：She complained to her teacher about the noisy class. 她向老师抱怨课堂太吵。）
造句：He felt very sad and complained to his friend in annoyance when he failed the exam.（考试不及格时，他特别难过，懊恼地跟朋友抱怨。）
12. After hearing his story, the passerby asked in confusion: “Since you had already reached the shoe store the first time, why didn’t you try the shoes on with your own foot Then you could have bought a pair that fits!”
逐句翻译：路人听完他的经历，疑惑地问：“你第一次到鞋店的时候，为什么不用自己的脚试试鞋子呢？这样就能买到合脚的鞋了呀！”
陌生单词：
after hearing his story 听完他的故事后；听了他的经历后（现在分词短语作时间状语，例：after hearing the news 听到消息后；after hearing his story 听完他的故事后）
in confusion 疑惑地；困惑地（“confusion” 表 “困惑、疑惑”，例：looked in confusion 疑惑地看着；asked in confusion 疑惑地问）
since /s ns/conj. 既然；因为（此处表 “既然、既然已经”，例：Since you know 既然你知道；Since you had reached 既然你已经到了）
try the shoes on 试穿鞋子；试鞋（“try on” 表 “试穿”，代词放中间，名词可放中间或后面，例：try on the coat 试穿外套；try the shoes on 试穿鞋子）
a pair that fits 合脚的一双（“that fits” 为定语从句，修饰 “pair”，“fit” 表 “合脚、合身”，例：a dress that fits 合身的裙子；a pair that fits 合脚的一双）
高频语块：try on sth 试穿某物（例：She went to the clothing store to try on a new skirt. 她去服装店试穿一条新裙子。）
造句：After hearing her problem, her mom asked in confusion: “Since you had already had the book, why didn’t you read it first Then you could have finished the homework that is easy!”（听完她的问题，妈妈疑惑地问：“既然你已经有这本书了，为什么不先读呢？这样就能完成那项简单的作业了呀！”）
13. But the man from Zheng shook his head repeatedly and said: “I would rather believe the measured size than my own foot.”
逐句翻译：可这个郑国人却连连摇头说：“我宁愿相信量好的尺寸，也不相信自己的脚。”
陌生单词：
shook his head repeatedly 连连摇头；反复摇头（“shake one’s head” 表 “摇头”，过去式 “shook”，“repeatedly” 表 “反复地”，例：shook his head 摇头；shook his head repeatedly 连连摇头）
would rather...than... 宁愿…… 也不愿……（固定句式，表选择，前文 “朝三暮四” 已出现，例：would rather stay home than go out 宁愿在家也不愿出门；would rather believe...than... 宁愿相信…… 也不愿相信……）
measured size 量好的尺寸；测量出的尺寸（“measured” 为过去分词作定语，例：measured length 量好的长度；measured size 量好的尺寸）
高频语块：would rather believe A than B 宁愿相信 A 也不愿相信 B（例：He would rather believe his own eyes than others’ words. 他宁愿相信自己的眼睛，也不愿相信别人的话。）
造句：But the little boy shook his head repeatedly and said: “I would rather believe the story in the book than your explanation.”（可这个小男孩却连连摇头说：“我宁愿相信书里的故事，也不愿相信你的解释。”）
14. The passerby looked at his firm expression and couldn’t help but widen his eyes in surprise.
逐句翻译：路人看着他坚定的表情，惊讶得忍不住睁大了眼睛。
陌生单词：
firm expression 坚定的表情；坚决的神情（“firm” 表 “坚定的、坚决的”，例：firm belief 坚定的信念；firm expression 坚定的表情）
couldn’t help but 忍不住；不得不（固定短语，例：couldn’t help but laugh 忍不住笑；couldn’t help but widen 忍不住睁大）
widen his eyes 睁大他的眼睛；睁大眼睛（“widen” 表 “使变宽、睁大”，例：widen the road 拓宽道路；widen his eyes 睁大他的眼睛）
in surprise 惊讶地；吃惊地（固定短语，例：looked up in surprise 惊讶地抬头；widen his eyes in surprise 惊讶地睁大了眼睛）
高频语块：couldn’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事（例：When she heard the funny joke, she couldn’t help but laugh loudly. 听到这个有趣的笑话，她忍不住大声笑起来。）
造句：The teacher looked at his creative painting and couldn’t help but nod in praise.（老师看着他富有创意的画，忍不住点头称赞。）
15. Only the foot wearing the shoe knows if it fits.
逐句翻译：鞋子合不合脚，只有穿的人才知道。
陌生单词：
only the foot wearing the shoe 只有穿鞋子的脚（“wearing the shoe” 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰 “foot”，例：the girl wearing a dress 穿裙子的女孩；the foot wearing the shoe 穿鞋子的脚）
if it fits 是否合脚；是否合身（“fit” 表 “合脚、合身”，例：check if it fits 检查是否合脚；knows if it fits 知道是否合脚）
高频语块：only sb knows if... 只有某人知道是否……（例：Only the student himself knows if he tried his best. 只有学生自己知道是否尽了全力。）
造句：Only the person reading the book knows if it is interesting.（书好不好看，只有读的人才知道。）
16. Why couldn’t this man from Zheng understand such a simple truth, and instead be so blind to the rigid “rule” (the measured size)
逐句翻译：这个郑国人怎么就不明白这么简单的道理，反而对死板的 “规矩”（量好的尺寸）如此盲目呢？
陌生单词：
understand such a simple truth 明白这么简单的道理；理解如此简单的事实（“truth” 表 “道理、事实”，例：a simple truth 简单的道理；such a simple truth 这么简单的道理）
instead / n sted/adv. 反而；相反（表转折替代，前文多次出现，例：instead stay 反而留下；instead be so blind 反而如此盲目）
be blind to 对…… 盲目；看不见……（固定短语，例：be blind to the danger 对危险视而不见；be blind to the rigid rule 对死板的规矩盲目）
rigid / r d d/adj. 死板的；僵硬的（例：rigid rules 死板的规矩；rigid thinking 僵化的思维）
rule /ru l/n. 规矩；规则（例：school rules 校规；rigid “rule” 死板的 “规矩”）
高频语块：be blind to sth 对某物盲目（例：We must not be blind to our own mistakes. 我们绝不能对自己的错误视而不见。）
造句：Why couldn’t he understand such a simple fact, and instead be so blind to the wrong “idea” (his own guess) （他怎么就不明白这么简单的事实，反而对错误的 “想法”（自己的猜测）如此盲目呢？）
Moral（寓意部分）
17. The man from Zheng described by Han Fei (the author) is ridiculous.
逐句翻译：韩非子（作者）笔下的这个郑国人很荒唐。
陌生单词：
described by Han Fei 由韩非子描述的；韩非子笔下的（“described by” 表 “由…… 描述的”，例：a story described by Lu Xun 鲁迅笔下的故事；the man described by Han Fei 韩非子笔下的人）
Han Fei /h n fe /n. 韩非子（古代思想家，专有名词，例：the works of Han Fei 韩非子的著作；Han Fei (the author) 韩非子（作者））
ridiculous /r d kj l s/adj. 荒唐的；可笑的（例：a ridiculous idea 荒唐的想法；is ridiculous 很荒唐）
高频语块：described by sb 由某人描述的（例：The character described by the writer is very lively. 作者笔下的人物很生动。）
造句：The silly cat described in the story is ridiculous but lovely.（故事里描述的这只傻猫很荒唐却很可爱。）
18. In real life, there are also many people who are equally blind to rigid rules and ignore practical situations.
逐句翻译：在现实生活中，也有很多人同样盲目信奉死板的规矩，忽视实际情况。
陌生单词：
in real life 在现实生活中；在实际生活里（固定短语，例：in real life, things are different 在现实生活中，事情是不同的；in real life 现实生活中）
equally / i kw li/adv. 同样地；平等地（“equal” 的副词形式，例：equally important 同样重要；equally blind 同样盲目）
ignore / ɡ n (r)/v. 忽视；忽略（例：ignore the advice 忽视建议；ignore practical situations 忽视实际情况）
practical situations 实际情况；现实情况（“practical” 表 “实际的、现实的”，例：practical problems 实际问题；practical situations 实际情况）
高频语块：ignore practical situations 忽视实际情况（例：We should never ignore practical situations when making plans. 制定计划时，我们绝不能忽视实际情况。）
造句：In daily life, there are also many students who are equally stuck to old methods and ignore practical needs.（在日常生活中，也有很多学生同样固守旧方法，忽视实际需求。）
19. In our daily study and life, we must never have such an attitude.
逐句翻译：在日常学习和生活中，我们绝不能有这样的态度。
陌生单词：
in our daily study and life 在我们的日常学习和生活中（固定短语，例：in daily study 在日常学习中；in our daily study and life 日常学习和生活中）
must never 绝不能；绝不（例：must never lie 绝不能撒谎；must never have such an attitude 绝不能有这样的态度）
such an attitude 这样的态度；这种态度（例：a positive attitude 积极的态度；such an attitude 这样的态度）
高频语块：in our daily study and life 在日常学习和生活中（例：We should help each other in our daily study and life. 日常学习和生活中，我们应该互相帮助。）
造句：In our daily communication with others, we must never have such a rude attitude.（在与他人的日常交往中，我们绝不能有这样粗鲁的态度。）
20. No matter what we do, we should learn to be flexible and analyze specific problems based on actual situations.
逐句翻译：无论做什么事，都要学会灵活变通，根据实际情况具体问题具体分析。
陌生单词：
no matter what 无论什么；不管什么（引导让步状语从句，例：no matter what you do 无论你做什么；no matter what we do 无论我们做什么）
be flexible / fleks bl/adj. 灵活的；能变通的（例：be flexible in thinking 思维灵活；learn to be flexible 学会灵活变通）
analyze specific problems 分析具体问题；具体问题具体分析（“analyze” 表 “分析”，“specific” 表 “具体的”，例：analyze difficult problems 分析难题；analyze specific problems 分析具体问题）
based on actual situations 基于实际情况；根据实际情况（“based on” 表 “基于、根据”，前文 “疑邻窃斧” 已出现，例：based on facts 基于事实；based on actual situations 根据实际情况）
actual situations 实际情况；真实情况（例：understand actual situations 了解实际情况；based on actual situations 根据实际情况）
高频语块：no matter what we do 无论我们做什么（例：No matter what we do, we should try our best. 无论做什么事，我们都应该尽全力。）
造句：No matter what tasks we face, we should learn to be creative and solve difficult problems based on actual needs.（无论面对什么任务，我们都要学会创新，根据实际需求解决难题。）
核心知识点汇总
1. 重点动词短语
动词短语 含义 例句
take a ruler to measure 拿尺子测量 She took a ruler to measure the paper’s length.
get ready to do sth 准备做某事 They got ready to start the meeting.
write down 写下；记下 Please write down your phone number.
turn around and go back 转身回去 He turned around and went back to get his bag.
try on 试穿 She tried on the new dress in the store.
complain to sb 向某人抱怨 He complained to his friend about the bad service.
be blind to 对…… 盲目；忽视 Don’t be blind to the importance of health.
analyze problems 分析问题 We need to analyze problems carefully.
2. 高频语法与结构
过去完成时（had done）：表 “过去的过去”，例：By the time he arrived, the market had dispersed. 他到的时候，集市已经散了；He had written the size down but forgotten to bring it. 他写下了尺寸却忘了带来。
“would rather...than...” 选择句式：表 “宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B”，后接动词原形，例：She would rather walk than take a bus. 她宁愿走路也不愿坐公交；He would rather believe the size than his foot. 他宁愿相信尺寸也不愿相信自己的脚。
“by the time” 时间状语从句：引导 “到…… 时候”，主句常用过去完成时，例：By the time we finished, it had gotten dark. 等我们完成时，天已经黑了；By the time he came back, the market had closed. 等他回来时，集市已经关了。
现在分词短语作定语 / 状语：
作定语：the foot wearing the shoe（穿鞋子的脚）、a man buying shoes（买鞋的人）；
作状语：after hearing his story（听完他的故事后）、thinking for a moment（想了一会儿）。
场景复述练习（巩固语块）
用8-10个高频语块串联故事核心，强化记忆与运用：
A man from the State of Zheng had worn-out shoes, so he wanted to buy new ones[1]. He took a ruler to measure his foot size and wrote it down, but forgot to bring it to the market[2].
Since he couldn’t remember the exact size, he turned around and went back home to get it[3]. By the time he returned to the market, the crowd had dispersed, so he didn’t buy the shoes[4]. He complained to a passerby, who asked why he didn’t try the shoes on with his foot[5].
The man shook his head and said: “I would rather believe the measured size than my own foot”[6]. This story tells us: We must not be blind to rigid rules or ignore practical situations—we should be flexible and analyze problems based on reality[7].
中文翻译
郑国有个人鞋子破了，于是想买一双新的 [1]。他拿尺子量了脚的尺寸并写了下来，却忘了带到集市上 [2]。
因为记不清确切的尺寸，他转身回家去取 [3]。等他回到集市时，赶集的人已经散了，所以没买到鞋子 [4]。他跟一个路人抱怨，路人问他为什么不用自己的脚试鞋 [5]。
这个人摇摇头说：“我宁愿相信量好的尺寸，也不相信自己的脚”[6]。这个故事告诉我们：绝不能对死板的规矩盲目，也不能忽视实际情况 —— 要学会灵活变通，根据实际分析问题 [7]。
高频语块清单（附用法）
[1] had worn-out shoes（形容词短语）：鞋子破了（例：My old schoolbag had worn-out straps.）
[2] took a ruler to measure his foot size（动词短语）：拿尺子量他的脚码（例：She took a tape to measure the table’s size.）
[3] turned around and went back home（动词短语）：转身回家（例：He realized he forgot his key and turned around and went back home.）
[4] the crowd had dispersed（动词短语）：人群已经散了（例：When we got to the square, the crowd had dispersed.）
[5] try the shoes on with his foot（动词短语）：用他的脚试穿鞋子（例：You should try the jacket on with your sweater.）
[6] would rather believe...than...（固定句式）：宁愿相信…… 也不愿……（例：She would rather believe her friend than the stranger.）
[7] be flexible and analyze problems based on reality（动词短语）：灵活变通，根据实际分析问题（例：We need to be flexible and solve problems based on reality.）
《The Man from Zheng Buying Shoes》练习题
I. 阅读理解单选题 (10小题)阅读文章，根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
1. Why did the man from Zheng want to go to the market
A. To buy food.
B. To buy a new pair of shoes.
C. To sell his old shoes.
D. To meet a friend.
2. What did the man use to measure his foot at home
A. A string.
B. A ruler.
C. His old shoe.
D. Another person's foot.
3. What did the man forget to bring to the market
A. His money.
B. The measured size written in a book.
C. His old shoes.
D. The ruler.
4. What did the man do when he realized he forgot the size
A. He tried on shoes with his foot.
B. He went back home to get the size.
C. He bought shoes without the size.
D. He asked the seller for help.
5. When did the man first arrive at the market
A. Early in the morning.
B. When the sun was high.
C. In the evening.
D. At night.
6. When did he return to the market the second time
A. The sun was rising.
B. The sun was setting.
C. At noon.
D. In the morning.
7. What was the situation when he returned to the market
A. The market was very crowded.
B. The crowd had dispersed.
C. The shoe store was closed.
D. He met many friends.
8. What was the passerby's suggestion
A. To go home and come back tomorrow.
B. To try on the shoes with his own foot.
C. To buy a pair of shoes without trying.
D. To measure his foot again at the market.
9. What did the man from Zheng say he would rather believe
A. His own foot.
B. The shoe seller's advice.
C. The measured size.
D. The passerby's suggestion.
10. What is the main moral of the story
A. We should always believe measured sizes.
B. We should learn to be flexible and analyze based on actual situations.
C. Going to the market early is important.
D. Shoes are very important in our life.
II. 完形填空题 (10小题)
阅读下面短文，从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A man from Zheng wanted to buy new shoes because his old ones were (1)______. He measured his foot with a (2)______ at home but forgot to bring the (3)______ to the market. So he went back home to get it.
His home was (4)______ from the market. When he returned to the market the second time, the sun was (5)______ and the market crowd had (6)______. He didn't buy the shoes.
A passerby asked why he didn't (7)______ the shoes with his own foot. The man said he would rather (8)______ the measured size than his own foot. The passerby was very (9)______.
The story tells us not to be blind to (10)______ rules but to be flexible.
1. A. new B. worn-out C. big D. small
2. A. ruler B. shoe C. book D. string
3. A. money B. ruler C. size D. shoe
4. A. near B. far C. next D. behind
5. A. rising B. setting C. high D. hot
6. A. come B. dispersed C. gathered D. shouted
7. A. buy B. sell C. try on D. make
8. A. believe B. see C. feel D. forget
9. A. happy B. angry C. surprised D. sad
10. A. flexible B. rigid C. new D. old
III. 短语填空 (10小题)从下方方框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
a pair of, measure the size, get ready to, in a hurry, turn around, go back home, early in the morning, try on, would rather, blind to
1. The man had _______________ worn-out shoes.
2. He used a ruler to _______________ of his foot.
3. He _______________ go to the market to buy shoes.
4. Maybe he was _______________ and forgot to bring the size.
5. He decided to _______________ and go home to get the size.
6. He had to _______________ to get the measured size.
7. He left home _______________.
8. The passerby asked why he didn't _______________ the shoes.
9. He said he _______________ believe the measured size than his own foot.
10. He was _______________ rigid rules.
IV. 句子翻译 (10小题)将下列中文句子翻译成英文。
1. 郑国有一个人有一双穿破的鞋子。
2. 他想买一双新鞋。
3. 他拿了家里的尺子量了脚的尺寸。
4. 他到达市场后，突然想起忘了带记下的尺码。
5. 他记不清确切的尺寸了。
6. 他转身回家去拿尺寸。
7. 他的家离市场很远。
8. 当他再次来到市场时，太阳已经下山了。
9. 市场的人群早已散去。
10. 他宁愿相信量好的尺寸也不相信自己的脚。
V. 句型转换 (10小题)根据要求改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
1. The man had a pair of worn-out shoes. (改为一般疑问句)
______ the man ______ a pair of worn-out shoes
2. He measured the size of his foot. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he measure
3. He got ready to go to the market. (改为否定句)
He ______ ______ ready to go to the market.
4. "I forgot to bring the size," he thought. (改为间接引语)
He thought that ______ ______ forgotten to bring the size.
5. He turned around and went back home. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he do after turning around
6. His home was far from the market. (改为感叹句)
______ ______ his home was from the market!
7. The market crowd had dispersed. (改为一般疑问句)
______ the market crowd ______
8. He felt very disappointed. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he feel
9. The passerby looked at his firm expression. (改为同义句)
The passerby ______ ______ his firm expression.
10. This story tells us an important lesson. (改为感叹句)
______ ______ important lesson this story tells us!
练习题答案
I. 阅读理解单选题
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B
6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. B
II. 完形填空题
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B
6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B
III. 短语填空
1. a pair of
2. measure the size
3. got ready to
4. in a hurry
5. turn around
6. go back home
7. early in the morning
8. try on
9. would rather
10. blind to
IV. 句子翻译
1. A man from the State of Zheng had a pair of worn-out shoes.
2. He wanted to buy a new pair.
3. He took a ruler at home to measure the size of his foot.
4. When he arrived at the market, he suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to bring the written size.
5. He couldn't remember the exact size either.
6. He turned around and went back home to get the size.
7. His home was far from the market.
8. When he came to the market again, the sun was already setting.
9. The market crowd had long dispersed.
10. He would rather believe the measured size than his own foot.
V. 句型转换
1. Did, have
2. What did
3. did not get
4. he had
5. What did
6. How far
7. Had, dispersed
8. How did
9. gazed at / looked at
10. What an

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