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(共36张PPT)
XB2U2 Extended reading
Language points
Idioms are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words.
The function of idioms is to make language more colourful and expressive.
Revision
Sports idioms
football
in the ballpark/a ballpark estimate
three strikes and you are out
below the belt
boxing
baseball
move the goalposts
score an own goal
throw in the towel
What sports idioms have we learnt in the text
Making sentences
1.某些商人想尽力改变现有规则，以便于他们可以获取更多的利益。
Some businessmen try to move the goalposts so that they can get more benefits.
2.他由于在比赛中打进乌龙球而被批评。
He was criticized for scoring an own goal in the match.
3.别再迟到了，事不过三。
Don’t be late again. Three strikes and you’re out.
Every successful person has faced countless fears and Every successful person has faced countless fears and wanted to throw in the towel many times.
4.每位成功者都面临过无数的恐惧，有过很多时候想认输。
5. 如果你说的是五百万，那就差不多了。
If you said five million, you'd be in the ballpark.
What I can do now is give you a ballpark estimate.
6.我现在能做的就是给你一个大致的估计。
The workers complained that their boss threw them a curveball.
7.工人们抱怨老板有意刁难他们。
8.我没想到他会背后放冷枪。
I didn’t think he would hit me below the belt.
Language points
Words and expressions in Pa.1
1. sports idioms
2. individual
3. expressive
4. inseparable
5. day-to-day life
6. find one’s way into
7. take/ have a look at
1. 体育习语
2. 单独的 个别的
3. 有表现力的
4. 不可分离的
5. 日常生活
6. 偶然来到 无意中处于
7. 看一看
v. express n. expression ( imrpess/ impression/ impressive)
take/ have a rest
take/ have a walk
Every language has its idioms, which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words.
Sentences
引导非限制性定语从句
adj.短语作后置定语
修饰名词meanings
prep.短语作后置定语
修饰 groups of words
每种语言都有自己的习语，习语是一组意义不同于单个单词意义的词。
Idioms make language more colourful and expressive.
习语使语言更加丰富多彩，富有表现力。
adj.短语作宾补
make + 宾语 + 宾补（adj./n./do./done/介短)
注意： sb. be made to do
句型：...make it +adj./n. +to do/that从句
单句语法填空
1.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them 　　　　　_________（interest）in his classes.
2.Paul doesn’t have to be made 　　　　　（learn）. He always works hard.
3.New technologies have made it possible 　　　　　（turn）out new products faster and at a lower cost.
4. Let’s make 　　　a rule that we mustn’t speak Chinese in English class.
5. He doesn’t speak much Japanese but he can make himself ___________　　　 　　（understand）.
interested
to learn
to turn
it
understood
Words and expressions in Pa.2-3
1. football leagues
2. kick
3. head the ball
4. opposing
5. goal
6. net
7. goalpost
8. fix...to...
9. score
10. upsetting
1. 足球联赛
2. 踢
3. 用头顶球
4. 对抗的 相反的
5. 球门 进球得分 目标
6. 网
7. 门柱
8. 把...固定在...上
9. 得分
10. 令人不快的
oppose v.
11. move the goalposts
12. requirement
13. insurance salesman
14. annual
15. sales target
16. rightly
plain about/of
11. 改变条件/规则
12. 要求
13. 保险销售员
14. 年度的 一年的
15. 销售目标
16. 正当的 理由充分的
17. 抱怨/投诉某事
= make a complaint complaint n.
Football (or soccer, as it is called in the USA) is one of the ...
Sentences
as 引导非限制性定语从句 译为“正如 正像”
As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or
head the ball into the opposing team’s goal , which is the
net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.
done作后置定语
引导定语从句
引导非限制性定语从句
As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. (lines42-43)
as 引导的从句类型 __________________
非限制性定语从句
Have a try:
1. He is from the south, ______we can see from his accent.
2. ______I remember, there were a net bar here.
3. Freddie, ______was expected, was attending the conference.
4. He won a gold medal, ________made us proud.
Summary:
as 引导非限制性定语从句 代替先行词或整个主句
译为“正如.../正像...” as从句可放主句前, 主句后或主句中
注意：
代替整个主句, 译为 “这” 时, 用 which which 从句只在主句后
as
As
as
which
An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target higher, could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts. (lines 18-20)
to do 作伴随状语，表出乎意料的结果
一名保险销售员即将达到年度销售目标，但是公司把目标定得更高，他就可以抱怨公司改变了规则。
complain vt. & vi. 抱怨/投诉→ complaint n.
complain to sb. about sth. 因某事向某人投诉
a letter of complaint 投诉信
Translation
1.她总是抱怨新工作的工作量太大。
2.这位顾客打电话投诉，称收到的商品有损坏。
3.经理认真对待每一条顾客投诉，并努力快速解决。
1.She always complains about the heavy workload at her new job.
2.The customer called to complain that the product he received was damaged.
3.The manager takes every customer complaint seriously and tries to solve it quickly.
Words and expressions in Pa.4
1. score an own goal
2. accidentally
3. sth happen to sb
4. unintentionally
5. interest
6. council
7. backfire
1. 进乌龙球/无意中做让自己吃亏的事
2. 意外地
3. 某人遭到/遇到某事
4. 无意的
5. n. 利益 兴趣 v. 使感兴趣
6. 地方议会
7.v. 产生事与愿违的或危险的后果
= by accident= by chance
Thankfully, goalposts do not really move--but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did.
值得庆幸的是，门柱是不会移动的——但当一个球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她可能希望它们会移动。
wish后从句用了虚拟语气
Sentences
Words and expressions in Pa.5
1. might/may have done
2. in the ballpark
ballpark
3. a ballpark estimate
4. venue
5. assume
6. for this reason
7. rough
1. 可能做过某事
2. 差不多
棒球场 变动范围
3. 大致相近的估计
4. 活动场地
6. 假定 认为
7. 因为这个原因
8. 粗略的 大致的
must have done
一定做过某事
assumption n.
Sentences
So, even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game, we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.
所以，即使我们不知道球在比赛中的确切位置，我们可以假设它在棒球场的某个地方。
引导宾语从句
引导宾语从句
引导让步状语从句
Words and expressions in Pa.6
1.throw sb a curveball
curveball
2. handle
3. unexpected
4. respond to
5. three tickets
and you are out
6. bat
7. make attempts to do
1. 给某人出难题
曲线球
2. v. 处理 应付 n. 把手 拉手 柄
3. 出乎意料的
4. 对...作出回应/反应
5. 三振出局
6. 球拍 棒球棒 蝙蝠
8. 尝试/试图...
batter
= attempt to do
This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.
Sentences
这个习语经常用来形容人们在浪费了三次机会之后失败的情形。
当先行词是situation，stage，case，point，position，circumstance， condition，state 等表示抽象地点的名词时，若定语从句基本完整，则关系词常用 where
引导定语从句
She’s got herself into a dangerous situation_____ she’s likely to lose her life.
The child is at the stage _______ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
But now comes an important point __________I am going to use throughout this lecture.
I thanked him for the position ___________he had offered me.
where
where
which/that
which/that
注意
先行词是抽象地点名词时，若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，不能用where，而要用关系代词。
Words and expressions in Pa.7
1.be connected with
2. boxer boxing
3. fist
4. opponent
5. waist
5. hence
6. below the belt
7. cruel
8. remark
1. 与...有联系
2. 拳击手 拳击
3. 拳头
4. 对手
5. 腰部
5. 因此
6. 不公正的/伤人的
7. adj. 残酷的 刻毒的
8. n. 言论/评论
n. cruelty
Hence comes the idiom “below the belt”. (lines 51-52)
这是一个倒装句。倒装的原因是___________
hence 放在句首
全部倒装
here, there, now, thus, hence, then... + 谓语+ 主语
Sentences
因此就有了below the belt这个习语。
Words and expressions in Pa.8-9
1. throw in the towel
2. on one’s own
3. coach
4. literally
5. ring
5. admit defeat
1. 认输 承认失败
2. 独自 独立地
3. 教练
4. 真正地 字面上
5. 圆形表演/竞技场
5. 认输
towel 毛巾
n. admission
admit doing /n 承认....
be admitted to/into... 被允许进入、被...录取
Sport is challenging and so is life.
Sentences
运动是充满挑战的，生活也是如此。
so / neither / nor + 助/ be / 情+主语，倒装结构，
表“某人/某物也这样/也不这样”。
Tips：
so + 主语 + 助/ be / 情，意在强调，表示该句主语确实做了前面提到的动作或处于前面提到的状态。
1. —I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.
—So _____ I.
2. Jenny has finished her homework. So _____ her brothers.
3. If Joe doesn’t go to the party, ____________ do I.
4. Aunt really enjoyed France and _________ grandma and I.
5. —Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
—_________, and so did I.
do
have
neither / nor
【语境应用】完成句子。
so did
So she did
Work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it. (lines 60-61)
句式:
祈使句+ and + 陈述句
祈使句+ or / otherwise + 陈述句
注意：祈使句可变形为 名词短语
Devote yourself to your job, ______ finally you’ll succeed.
One more hour, _____I’ll get the work finished.
and
Hurry up, ___________we’ll be late.
or/otherwise
and
= Give me one ...
努力奋斗，小心不要进乌龙球，你一定会成功的！
对比练习:
_________(devote) yourself to your job , and finally you’ll succeed.
_________(devote) yourself to your job , finally you’ll succeed.
_________(devote) yourself to your job will make you succeed.
Devote
Devoting
Devoting
Challenge yourself
Since sport is an ___________(separate) part of life, there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target ______(high), could rightly _________(complaint) about the company moving the goalposts .
If someone makes a bad mistake which _____________ (intend) harms their own interests, they are said _______________(score) an own goal.
Even if we don’t know exactly _______the ball is during the game, we can assume it is somewhere in the ballpark.
inseparable
higher
complain
unintentionally
to have scored
where
5._____ it suggests, in baseball this means a batter is out after making three unsuccessful _______ (attempt) to hit the ball.
6. This idiom is often used in to talk about situations _______ people fail after wasting three chances.
7. Hence _________(come) the idiom “below the belt”.
8. When a boxer is ____________(输得很惨) and is too tired or confused _____ give up on his own, the coach will l_______ (真的) throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.
where
comes
iterally
losing badly
to
As
attempts
Homework
Find more English idioms and share with each other.
Thanks for listening

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