资源简介

(共46张PPT)
Unit 3
Fit for life
Grammar and usage
译林版2020选择性必修第二册
Contents
1. Lead in
2. Exploring the rules
3. Working out the rules
4. Applying the rules
5. Language points
6. Summary
7. Assessment
8. Homework
Learning objectives
Identify the verb form of the present perfect continuous tense.
Work out the general rules of the present perfect continuous tense.
Use the right tenses to finish related tasks.
Apply the present perfect continuous tense in new context.
Lead in
Lead in
Is there anything special about this man
He has an artifical limb.
Lead in
With the development of technology, a new type of limb has appeared. That is the robotic limb. Let’s watch a video about it.
Exploring the rules
Exploring the rules
Before having the new robotic hand The girl began to (1)_____ after losing her right hand in a car accident two years ago.
The old artificial hand couldn’t help her because (2)________.
With the new robotic hand The girl can (3)_________ and hold on to small things.
The new robotic hand is capable of (4)__________.
The new robotic hand looks very lifelike with (5)______.
Over the past three months The girl has rediscovered old hobbies.
The girl has become more (6)___________________.
Read the personal account on page 34 and fill in the following table.
Exploring the rules
Before having the new robotic hand The girl began to (1)_________________ after losing her right hand in a car accident two years ago.
The old artificial hand couldn’t help her because (2)_________________________________________.
With the new robotic hand The girl can (3)_____________________ and hold on to small things.
The new robotic hand is capable of (4)_________________________
________.
The new robotic hand looks very lifelike with (5)_________________
_____________.
Over the past three months The girl has rediscovered old hobbies.
The girl has become more (6)___________________.
withdraw into herself
she could not do simple things like getting dressed
move her individual fingers
feeling varying degrees of pressure
special rubber used on the outside
confident and outgoing
Exploring the rules
Read the passage again and underline the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense.
After I lost my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, believing I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like part of me. Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, however, all that changed when I was given the chance to test a new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs has really changed my life. With my new hand, Ivan move my individual fingers and hold on to small things like pens and pencils. More amazingly, my robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees
Exploring the rules
Read the passage again and underline the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense.
of pressure, just like a real hand. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber used on the outside.
Over the past three months I have been testing out the limits of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I had enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family again since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I have also become more confident and outgoing. I’m so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.
Exploring the rules
Sentences use the present perfect continuous tense:
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in
recent years, …
Over the past three months I have been testing out the limits of what I can do with my new hand, …
…, I have been cooking for my family again since I got my new hand.
Working out the rules
Working out the rules
We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about
an action that started in the past and is still continuing now,
or an action that has just finished but is still connected with
(1) (the past/the present/the future) in some way.
The verb form of the present perfect continuous tense is
“ (2) ”.
the present
have/has been doing
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时的用法
1. 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚终止，也可能还在进行。常与延续性动词连用，并常与all the time, this week, this month, all night, all morning, recently, these few days等状语以及since或for引导的时间状语（从句）连用。
I have been waiting for Deng Zhengzhou for half an hour, but he hasn’t turned up.
Xian Ting has been studying hard since the new term began.
He ps tired, he has been working all day.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时的用法
2. 表示说话之前刚刚结束的动作，并且动作不再继续，有时会指出结果。
Her eyes are red. It’s obvious that she has been crying for a long time.
— I am sorry I have kept you waiting so long.
— It is all right. I have been reading the newspapers.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时的用法
3. 表示动作从过去到现在这一段时间内重复发生。并不是一直不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。
Tom has been phoning Alice every night for several months.
I have been visiting some cities in China this month.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时的用法
4. 表示某种强烈的感彩,如：赞赏、批评、愤怒等。
Recently Mary has been doing sports regularly.
I have been waiting for you for two hours.
You have been making progress and I am proud of you!
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时和现在进行时的区别
1. 现在完成时通常表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时却不一定如此。
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时和现在进行时的区别
2. 现在完成进行时与所有进行时态一样带有感彩，可使表达显得生动，而现在完成时往往只表明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不带感彩。
Henry has been doing his work orderly.
Henry has done his work orderly.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时和现在进行时的区别
3. 有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词如：have, exist, like, hear, know, sound等，不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。
They have known each other since 1970.
John has loved Mary since ten years ago.
Working out the rules
现在完成进行时和现在进行时的区别
4. 某些不具延续性含义的动词，如come, go, marry, die, finish，leave等，不适用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。
We have finished the homework.
We have been finishing the homework.
Applying the rules
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
Applying the rules
1. I ________________ (reflect) on the article I read about ancient medicine all day.
2. I ______________ (wait) for two hours to see the doctor but it is still not my turn yet.
3. My mother ______________ (write) a report on the new treatment all morning. She hopes to finish it tonight.
4.The company ______________ (make) herbal medicines for more than 100 years.
5. Scientists ____________ (do) research on the disease since it was first discovered in the early 20th century.
have been reflecting
have been waiting
has been writing
has been making
have been doing
Below is an article about robotic limbs. Circle the correct expressions to complete it.
Applying the rules
It (1) is being estimated/has been estimated that over 30 million people worldwide have lost arms or legs, and many of them fail to get the help that they need. For some time, they (2) are hoping for/have been hoping for better-quality artificial limbs. Fortunately, one exciting new advance could help these physically disabled people lead a normal life again: robotic limbs.
Over the last few years, scientists (3) have been developing/will be developing new kinds of artificial limbs to help people overcome their disabilities. Robotic limbs can do much more than conventional artificial limbs. Some of the earliest artificial limbs were made of wood and leather, and until recently, artificial limbs (4) have only served/have only been serving basic functions.
Applying the rules
With the advancement in robotic technology, artificial limbs can now perform much more complex tasks and come closer to real human limbs. Not only can they make a much wider range of movements, but they can also be controlled directly by the brain and feed sensory information back into it.
David Jones is one of a team of scientists devoted to making even better robotic limbs. “We (5) have done/have been doing everything we can to advance this technology and we will not take out a patent on it,” said David. “Hopefully, more and more people in need of robotic limbs will be equipped with them and enjoy a higher quality of life.”
Applying the rules
A student is interviewing David Jones about the research his team has been doing. In pairs, role-play the interview using the present perfect continuous tense. The beginning has been given.
Student: What have you been doing, Dr Jones
David Jones: We have been developing ...
Applying the rules
Possible answer
Student: What have you been doing, Dr Jones
David Jones: We have been developing even better robotic limbs than those available at the
moment.
Student: Is it difficult to develop the new robotic technology
David Jones: Yes. Our team of scientists have been devoting most of their time to the project
and we have been doing everything we can to advance this technology.
Student: That’s great! Why is this technology important to you personally
David Jones: Because my goal is to equip as many people as possible who need robotic
limbs, and help them enjoy a higher quality of life. For these reasons, we will
not take out a patent on the technology, so it will be available to anyone who
needs it. We have been spreading the news about our technology all over the
world.
Language points
Language points
1. Below is a personal account given by a girl who is equipped with a robotic hand.
equip Sb/st with st 用某物装备某人/某物；给某人/某物配备某物
be equipped with… 装有……；配备有……
well/fully/poorly equipped 设备完善/齐全/很差的
equip... for st/to do st…… 为了某事/做某事而有所准备
equipment n.装备；设备
office equipment 办公设备
equip VT.配备；使有能力
It is clear that high-tech __________ (equip) has become popular among teenagers and changed their way of life.
单句语法填空
equipment
Language points
2. After I lost my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, believing I would never be able to lead a normal life again.
withdraw into oneself 脱离（社会），不与人交往
withdraw...from… 从……撤出/移走/取走……
withdraw 本身已包含“……回”之意，故不再和back 连用。
withdraw VT.& vi.脱离（社会），不与人交往；（使）撤回；（使）停止提供
The drug is said to have side effects and ________________ (withdraw) from the market recently for further tests.
单句语法填空
has been withdrawn
Language points
3. I’m so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.
be grateful to Sb for st 为某事感谢某人
be grateful that… 感激……
gratitude n.感激（之情）
in gratitude for… 为了感谢……
gratefully adv.感激地
grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的
He smiled at him with _________ (grateful).
单句语法填空
gratitude
__________________ 个人叙述
__________________ 配备了
__________________ 自我封闭
__________________ 过正常的生活
__________________ 一只假手
__________________ 穿衣
__________________ 取得重大进步
__________________ 机器人肢体
Language points
Expressions
a personal account
be equipped with
withdraw into oneself
lead a normal life
an artificial hand
get dressed
make great progress
robotic limbs
9. __________________ _____ 拿起，保留
10. _______________________ 更令人惊讶的
11. _______________________ 能够
12. _______________________ 不同程度的压力
13. _______________________ 测试……的极限
14. _______________________ 感激
15. _______________________ 开启
Language points
Expressions
hold on to
more amazingly
be capable of
varying degrees of pressure
test out the limits (of )
be grateful for
open up
Language points
are equipped with
1. 据说这家公司有能力处理这么大的订单。
It is said that the company _ ______ __ handling an order that large.
2. 所有校园建筑的楼层都配备了火灾报警系统。
The floors of all campus buildings ___ _______ ___ the fire alarm system.
3. 互联网为农村地区的人们提供了过上好日子的新机会。
The Internet _ _______ __ new opportunities for people in rural areas to earn a good living.
4. 如果我们坚持下去，我们会取得很大的进步。
If we keep on, we will _____ ____ _______.
根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
is capable of
is opening up
make great progress
Language points
held on to
5. 她抱有她失踪的猫有一天会回家的希望。
She ___ __ __ the hope that her missing cat would return home someday.
6. 所有校园建筑的楼层都配备了火灾报警系统。
When you are angry at what is going on, you can _______ ___ _______.
7. 我们需要各种信息过正常的生活。
We need various information to live a normal life ___ _ ______ ___.
8. 我们感谢你所做的一切。
We ___ ______ __ all that you have done.
withdraw into yourself
lead a normal life
are grateful for
Summary
Summary
1. 现在完成进行时的定义：
2. 现在完成进行时的构成：
3. 现在完成进行时的常用时间状语:
表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚终止，也可能还在进行。
have/has been + doing
all day/month; this month/week/year; these days; recently/lately; since+时间点/从句； for+时间段等。
Assessment
Assessment
Learning Objectives Score(1-5)
1. After learning, I am able to identify the verb form of the present perfect continuous tense.
2. After learning, I am able to work out the general rules of the present perfect continuous tense.
3. After learning, I am able to use the right tenses to finish related tasks.
4. After learning, I am able to apply the present perfect continuous tense in new context.
5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2-不太能；1-完全不能
Homework
Homework
1. Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, _______________ (desire) to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.
2. The number of visitors _____________ (rise) steadily since the reopening, despite a sharp decline compared to normal years.
3. A recent study has found that the number of smokers _________________ (increase) sharply over the past five years.
4. We ______________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful since the time humankind started gardening.
has been desiring
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
has been rising
has been increasing
have been trying
5. Today I _____________________ (photograph) a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day.
6. Mr. Smith __________________ (overwork) these days. I think he should take a holiday before he burns out.
7. Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope ______________ (circle) the Earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit (this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap.
8. Excuse me, Madam. Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail _______________
(phone) all day. Could you speak to him now
have been photographing
has been overworking
has been circling
has been phoning
Homework
Homework
1. 我一直期待着去英国旅行，我的梦想将在下个月实现。
I __________________to travel to the UK , and my dream will come true next month.
2. 桑迪已经教学16年，她探索出了一些有效的教学方法。
Sandy ________________ for sixteen years, and has explored some effective teaching methods.
3. 自六月以来，玛丽每天晚上都去上写作课。
Mary ______________ to writing classes every night since June.
have been expecting
二、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
has been teaching
have been going
Homework
4. 你学习英语多久了？
How long _____you ____________English
5. 这几天以来, 我一直感到不太舒服。
I _______________ unwell these days.
have been learning
have been feeling
1. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson ______________(offer) free rides to college students for the past eight years.
2. In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China _______________ (suffer) from heavy fogs and severe cold
3. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _________________(consider) going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
4. I am sure you will do better in the exam because you _______________ (study) hard this year.
5. Michael ______________(work) very hard on his graduation thesis, and he thinks he’ll have it finished by Friday
has been offering
have been suffering
has been considering
have been studying
Homework
三、实战高考
has been working

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