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牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修一课件
Unit 4 Living with technology
Extended reading Page 53-54
Virtual Reality
◆ 内容分析
【What】本板块的语篇是一段访谈文稿，对话双方分别为科技杂志的编辑和虚拟现实领域的专家。专家首先向读者介绍了虚拟现实的定义和原理；接着分别从教育、医学及日常生活等方面探讨了虚拟现实的实际运用领域和发展前景；在客观分析了阻碍虚拟现实技术发展的原因——时间、费用及技术局限后，专家表示自己对虚拟现实的未来还是抱有乐观态度的。
【Why】本板块的语篇通过对虚拟现实这一新兴科技的探讨和分析，旨在帮助我们认识虚拟现实技术的广泛运用，以及它将如何从方方面面改变人们的日常生活，让我们感受科技对生活产生的深远影响，以积极的态度对待虚拟现实技术的快速发展。
◆ 内容分析
【How】本文的语篇类型为访谈文稿，通过科技杂志编辑和虚拟现实专家之间的对话展开全文。一方面，编辑的每个问题都起到开篇布局、承上启下的作用，构成了全文的主要框架，使读者明白语篇的主要目的以及结构特征；编辑轻松的语言风格也使读者能够共享其对虚拟现实技术的赞许和好奇。另一方面，专家对问题的回答则为读者提供了翔实的信息，既有专业的说理，又有生动的例证，增强了文章的可信度和可读性。
◆ 教学目标
By the end of this section, we will be able to:
1. summarize the related information about VR;
2. give examples of the applications of VR;
3. describe the future development of VR.
Susan, an industry-leading tech magazine editor, is interviewing Frank, an expert in virtual reality (VR). Read the interview transcript below.
industry-leading业界领先的
tech技校，技术学院；技术（学），工艺（学），工业技术；技术员，技师
low-tech=lo-tech 不涉及最现代技术（或方法）的
high-tech=hi-tech 高技术的，高科技的（尤指电子方面）;(图案、物体等 ) 样式新颖的；用高新技术材料的
Virtual Reality
SuSAN: Frank, you’ve been working 1.___ the forefront of developments in virtual reality 2.____ many years. Can you tell us 3._____ virtual reality is and 4._____ it works
FRANk: Of course. The basic 5._________(define) of VR lies 6.___ the name 7.______(it), 8.______ means “reality 9._____ is not real”.
苏　珊：弗兰克，你在虚拟现实（VR）的前沿开发领域已经耕耘了很多年。你能告诉我们虚拟现实是什么，以及它的工作原理吗？
弗兰克：当然可以。我们从虚拟现实的名字就能看出它的基本定义，意思就是“非真实的现实”。
at
for
what
how
definition
in
itself
which
that
1._____ you wear 2.__ VR headset 3.________(equip) with sensors 4.____ a screen, you 5._____________(surround) by three-D images, sounds and other 6._______(sense) information, 7.______ creates a super-realistic effect 8.______(call) “presence”. 9._______ you know the sensory information 10.___________(surround) you 11.__(be) not real, part of your brain believes it is—and acts __________(according).
当你戴上配有传感器和屏幕的 VR 头戴设备时，你将被三维影像、声音和其他感官信息环绕包围，这些会营造出一种名为“临场感”的超现实效果。尽管你知道身边的感官信息是虚拟的，你大脑中的某些区域还是会相信它是真的——并且会作出相应的反馈。
real·is·tic / ri l st k/ 逼真的；栩栩如生的;现实的；
When
a
equipped
and
are surrounded
sensory
which
called
Though
surrounding
is
accordingly
SuSAN: Thanks, Frank. Can you give some 1._________
(example) of the practical 2.___________(apply) VR has
FRANk: I’d love to. There are 3.___ host of 4.___________
(education) applications. Academic VR 5.________(enable) students to interact 6.____ others in a three-D environment. There are 7._______(end) possibilities for the subject matter 8.____ can be created in a VR system. Imagine 9.________(study) the solar system or the human body in a fully immersive environment.能在 VR 系统中创作的题材具有无限的可能性。你可以想象在一个完全沉浸式的环境中学习太阳系或者人体构造。
subject matter（著作、讲话、绘画等的）主题，题材，主要内容
examples
applications
a
educational
enables
with
endless
that
studying
1.___ delivering the content 2.___ a meaningful way,this new approach 3.___ learning manages 4.___________
(engage吸引住) 5._________(student) interest and enhance learning efficiency. The applications can be expanded to make 6.__ easier to 7.________(visual) data such as engineering projects 8.____ a variety of other design developments. It’s pretty exciting! 这种新的学习手段以一种富有意义的方式呈现内容，能够吸引学生的兴趣并且提高学习效率。这些应用还能进一步扩展，使得工程项目和其他各类设计开发项目的数据更容易得到可视化的呈现。这真的很令人激动！
de·liver /d l v (r)/发表；宣布；发布
ef·fi·ciency / f nsi/ 效率；效能；功效
By
in
to
to engage
students’
it
visualize
and
SuSAN: This sounds like it has a lot of 1.___________(construct)
applications. What 2.______ its uses for 3.______(high) developed technical industries such as medicine
FRANk: Surgeons are already using robotic technology with VR 4.__________(perform) complex surgery. What 5.___ I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery 6.______ attempting it on the patient
听起来 VR 有着许多具有建设性的应用。那么，它在医药等高新技术产业的应用如何呢？外科医生已经在借助 VR 和机器人技术完成复杂的外科手术。如果我告诉你，医生可以先造出一个虚拟的“孪生病人”练习精密的手术，然后再在病人身上进行实际操作呢？
con·struct·ive /k n str kt v/ 建设性的；有助益的；积极的
twin /tw n/ 两个极相似的事物之一，两个非常相像的人中的一个
constructive
about
highly
to perform
if
before
This technology can 1.__________(apply) to train new surgeons; it also 2.________(enable) experts 3.______(test) new techniques 4.______(safe) before 5.______(try) them on human 6.________(subject). Treatments of 7.________
(anxious) and drug addiction 8.____(be) other 9._________
(value) and cost-effective applications of VR.
这项技术可以用来训练新晋外科医生，也可以帮助专家在对人体进行实验之前安全地测试新技术。焦虑和药物成瘾的治疗则是另外一些具有价值且成本低廉的 VR 应用。
sub·ject / s bd kt/ 接受试验者；实验对象
cost-effective有最佳利润的；有成本效益的；划算的
be applied
enables
to test
safely
trying
subjects
anxiety
are
valuable
SuSAN: That is 1.________(amaze)! It sounds 2.____ VR will be 3.__ life-changing technology as well as a life-saving one. How will it affect the different aspects of our everyday 4._____(life), such as 5._____________(entertain),
shopping and travelling
FRANk:The entertainment industry is one of the most enthusiastic 6._________(advocate) of VR. 这太惊人了！听起来 VR 会是一种既能挽救生命又能改变生活的技术。对于娱乐、购物和旅行等日常生活的不同方面，它会带来怎样的影响呢？娱乐产业是最热切追捧 VR 的行业之一。
life-saving 救命的；救生的; n.（对溺水者的）救生术
ad·vo·cate / dv k t/ 拥护者；支持者；提倡者
amazing
like
a
lives
entertainment
advocates
Current game systems come with headsets so 1.____ players can enter virtual environments and play 2._______ either real 3.___ virtual opponents. △It won’t be long 4.______ virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common. When 5.________(shop) online, you can look forward to 6.______(be) able to have your own virtual reality clone try 7.___ clothes and to see products with 360-degree views.目前的游戏系统配有头戴设备，能够让玩家进入虚拟环境，与真实或虚拟的敌人竞赛。用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。网上购物时，你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服，你也可以 360°全方位查看商品。
play (sth) (with/against sb)/ sb (at sth)参加比赛；(同某人)比赛
that
against
or
before
shopping
being
on
Also, people 1._____ want to go 2.___ holiday 3.________
(have) the opportunity 4._______(take) a virtual tour of several destinations before deciding 5.______ to go. 6.___ both of these cases,this technology will help people make 7.______________(inform) choices.
SuSAN: I can’t wait! 8.________, as with any technology, there must be some barriers 9.___ the development of VR, I guess barrier (to sth)障碍；阻力；关卡
informed/ n f md/明智的 (猜测或决定);有根据的 (消息来源);见多识广的; 了解情况的;有学问的
who
on
will have
to take
where
In
more informed
However
to
FRANk: It really boils down 1.___ three things—time, cost and technical limitations. We will need time 2.__________(develop) and fine-tune the hardware 3.____ software. The initial cost 4._____________(discourage) most people 5.___ the beginning 6.____ that should be fixed 7._____ time. The last issue is our own technical limitations. Just 8.______(try) to figure 9.____ how to do 10._____ we want 11.___ terms of technology will prove 12.__________(challenge) in some areas.其实说到底就三个方面——时间、费用和技术局限。我们需要时间来开发并调试硬件和软件。早期费用在一开始会吓退大多数人，但这个问题应该会慢慢解决。最后的问题在于我们自身的技术局限。在某些领域，光是试图弄清楚如何从技术角度实现我们的想法就将是挑战重重的。
fix解决 (不尽如人意的情况),扭转(不好的局势)
to
to develop
and
will discourage
in
but
over
trying
out
what
in
challenging
SuSAN: 1.___________(consider) there are so many challenges 2._______(deal) with, are you still optimistic 3.______ the future of VR
FRANk: Sure. When 4._______(talk) about VR, we should keep 5.___ mind its quick rate of 6._________(evolve) . The possibilities seem 7._______(end).
当我们谈论 VR 的时候，需要牢记它的进展之快。VR 似乎有着无限可能。
con·sider·ing /k n s d r / prep./conj. 考虑到；就…而言；鉴于
bear/keep sb/sth in mind 或 bear/keep in mind that...
将…记在心中；记起；考虑
Considering
to deal
about
talking
in
evolution
endless
For example, 5G technology, with 1.___(it) potential to serve 2.___ more stable mobile connectivity 3.___ faster speed, will make 4.__ possible for people to enjoy 5.___ more immersive VR experience 6._________ they are. Indeed we are only limited 7.___ our imagination. △8.______ excites me the most is 9.____ young people today are digital citizens 10.____ are comfortable with technology. 比方说，5G 技术能够以更快的速度提供更稳定的移动网络连接，它将使人们在任何地方都能享受到更为沉浸式的 VR 体验。我们的确只是受限于我们的想象力罢了。最令我感到激动的是，如今的年轻人都是数字公民，对技术都已习以为常/能应付自如。
serve sth up给出；提供; 端上（食物）
connectivity/ k n k t v t /连接性能;连通(性)，联结（度）
comfortable 自信而无忧虑的；自在的
its
up
at
it
a
wherever
by
What
that
who
They’re well 1._________(equip) to become part of a technological generation 2.____ will develop and use VR 3._____(do) things we might think 4.__________(possible) today.
SuSAN: Thank you, Frank. It all sounds wonderful.
他们具备良好的条件成为技术一代的一员。他们在未来将会发展并使用 VR 所做的事情，在今天的我们看来可能是难以想象的。
part[ U]成员；成分
equipped
that
to do
impossible
A. Fill in the table with the information from the interview transcript. Page 54
What VR is:
How it works:
Basically, VR, or virtual reality, means “reality that is not real”.
When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen,you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information,which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”. Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real, part of your brain believes it is—and acts accordingly.
Applications:
Barriers:
Future:
VR is widely used in education, medicine, entertainment, shopping and travelling.
The barriers include time, cost and technical limitations.
There are endless possibilities.
B. What other applications of VR do you know about
Virtual reality in the courtroom: lawyers usually use photos to try to explain the mechanics of a crime or an accident to a jury. It is challenging to show the judge and jury what actually happened at a crime scene or at the precise moment of impact during a serious accident. With VR, lawyers are now able to transport them directly into the scene of the crime or accident.
court·room/ k tru m/ 法庭；审判室
the mechanics[ pl.] /m k n k/方法；手段
jury / d ri/陪审团 im·pact / mp kt/ 撞击；冲撞；冲击力
trans·port /tr n sp t/ 使产生身临其境的感觉
Virtual reality in sport: athletes use this technology to fine-tune certain aspects of their performance and VR is also used in the design of sportswear and equipment,
such as running shoes. Virtual reality has been used to improve the audience’s experience of a sporting event too, like walking through a stadium, or even taking part in a game or an event.
sports·wear / sp tswe (r)/ [ U]运动服装；便装
C. What future development do you think VR will have
Fully immersive VR is on the cards for the future development of VR technology. There would be a revolutionary interface and a newer powerful computing platform. Programmers and developers would create a richly detailed virtual world with unlimited possibilities. richly 恰如其分地；理所当然地；完全地
on the cards ( NAmE also in the cards ) 可能发生的；可能的
revo·lu·tion·ary / rev lu n ri/彻底变革的；巨变的;革命的
inter·face / nt fe s/ （人机）界面（尤指屏幕布局和菜单）;(计)接口；接口程序；连接电路
programmer/ pr ɡr m / (计算机) 程序员
de·tailed / di te ld/ 详细的；细致的；精细的
Then a powerful computer will be able to detect the user’s quick movements in real time and adjust the VR experience accordingly. The hardware would also be developed to keep up with the software, so head-mounted displays, sensory gloves, high-definition screens and stereo sound systems will all be linked to the computer system, thus fully immersing the users in the virtual world.然后，一台功能强大的计算机将能够实时检测用户的快速动作，并相应地调整VR体验。硬件的发展也将跟上软件的发展，因此头戴式显示器、传感手套、高清屏幕和立体声音响系统都将与计算机系统相连，从而使用户完全沉浸在虚拟世界中。 display（计算机屏幕上的）显示，显示器
high-definition高清晰度的；高分辨率的
stereo / steri / 立体声音响（系统）

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