资源简介

Unit 3
Fit for life
Welcome to the unit & Reading
译林版2020选择性必修第二册
Contents
1. Lead in
2. Pre-reading
3. While reading
4. Post reading
5. Language points
6. Summary
7. Assessment
8. Homework
Learning objectives

Discuss the possible changes genome editing can bring to human life and health care.
Explain their attitudes towards “designer babies”.
Understand the relationship between genetic markers and human lifespans.
Use suffixes to build more word families.
Lead in
Lead in
The practice of medicine is an art, not a trade; a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head.
— William Osler
行医是艺术而非交易，是使命而非生意。在这个使命中，你要如用脑般用心。
—— 威廉?奥斯勒
What does the quotation from William Osler mean?
Lead in
In my understanding, the quotation reminds medical workers to be equipped not only with professional skills, but also with a merciful heart. The primary goal of medical workers should be the interest of the sick rather than financial benefits. Furthermore, they should continue to perfect their skills and handle every case professionally.
What does the quotation from William Osler mean?
Lead in
Medical professionals work hard to keep us healthy. Look at the pictures below and match the pictures with options.
A surgeon performs operations.
A physician is trained in general medicine.
A chemist prepares and sells medicines in a shop.
A dentist specializes in the care of people’s teeth.
b
d
c
a
Pre-reading
Pre-reading
I have heard about 3D printing that is used for printing parts of the body to replace those that are lost or injured beyond repair. For example, a leg or ear can be 3D printed to the precise measurements of the patient. Precision medicine is another medical advance I know about. This health care approach takes into consideration patients’genes, lifestyles and environments to find unique risk factors and develop personalized therapies.
What advances in medical science have you heard about?
Pre-reading
What do you know about genes?
The future is in our genes.
While reading
While reading
Read for structure.
Genes play a critical role in________________.
Many people are concerned about how to __ genome editing _____________.
Introduction
Para. 1: Genome editing brings many exciting __________.
Para. 2:
Main body
Conclusion
Para. 4:
Para. 5:
Despite the public ________ , genome editing is one of the _________________ in the history of science.
possibilities
shaping our lives
disease treatment
prevention
appropriately
use
argument
greatest innovations
Genome editing can help with _______________ and_____________.
Para. 3:
The main idea of the passage is about _________________
_____________________.
While reading
Read for main idea.
the possibilities that
genome editing can bring
Read Para.2 and answer the following questions.
1. Why are genes critical in shaping our lives?
2. What information does our personal genome carry?
While reading
Read for details.
Because everything from the colors of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes.
It carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
Read Para.3 and answer the following questions.
1. How can genes make changes to the genome?
2. How might genome editing make it possible to prevent disease from developing?
While reading
Read for details.
Geneticists can correct, add, delete or replace specific parts of the genetic material.
By correcting, adding, deleting and replacing specific parts of the genetic material.
Read Paras.4-5 and answer the following questions.
1. What is a “designer baby”?
2. What does the lecturer compare uncontrolled genome editing to?
3. What is the lecturer’s attitude toward genome editing?
While reading
Read for details.
A designer baby is a baby whose specific characteristics have been selected before he is born.
A car out of control.
Positive.
Post reading
The lecturer mentions that one day we will create a “designer baby”, What do you think of designer babies?
Post reading
Critical thinking
Designer babies can be perfectly healthy.
Designer babies can be stronger and cleverer than ordinary babies.
Designer babies help further the cause of science.
Designer babies may have substantially longer lifespan.
Designer babies can maintain a healthy gender ratio, the balance of males and females.
...
Post reading
Pros
Designer babies will not be a success story all the time.
Designer babies can cause a rift in the social balance.
Designer babies would be manufactured so there would be no individuality.
...
Post reading
Cons
The lecturer mentions that one day we will create a “designer baby”, What do you think of designer babies?
Post reading
Critical thinking
I don’t think we should design babies unless it is because of serious physical or mental health concerns. Natural gene selection ensures diversity among our species, so if “designer babies” become the norm, the diversity level will drop. Over time, this could lead to the majority of people being born with similar intelligence levels, similar physical features and perhaps, even similar personalities. Humans could evolve into “super-beings”, which some people may believe to be good for us, but interfering with our natural evolution could result in disaster. I don’t think we should take the chance.
Genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science , and we should put appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.
Post reading
Discussion
What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage?
What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage?
Post reading
Discussion
Governments around the world should work together to make laws and regulations about when genome editing can and cannot be used. First, these laws and regulations should cover various aspects of genome editing, such as ethical issues and security, and they may have to be introduced at multiple levels—global, national and even regional. Second, genome editing equipment needs to be strictly controlled so that it does not get into the wrong hands. Finally, governments, scientists, stakeholders and the public need to work together to enforce appropriate usage of genome editing. The application of these laws regarding genome editing will only be successful if all parties concerned cooperate.
Language points
Language points
1. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
be affected by 受……影响；被……侵袭；被……打动
affection n.喜爱;影响,疾病
have affection for 喜爱
show sb affection 向某人表示喜爱
with affection 深情地
affecting adj.感人的，动人的
affected adj.受到影响的；做作的；假装的
affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动
Language points
① But like anyone for whom you feel _______(affect), customers can also drive you mad.?
② There were many people who came to the _______(affect) area to help and volunteer.?
③ What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people affected ___ conflict??
affection
affected
单句语法填空
by
Language points
2. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
identify sb/sth as 确认某人为……，显示某人为……
identify oneself 证明自己(的身份)
identify with 认为……等同于,与……一致
identity n.身份;同一性，一致；特性
identity with 与……的一致
identical adj.完全相同的；相似的；同一的；一模一样的
be identical to 和……一模一样；等同于
identification n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明
identify vt.找到,发现;确认;认出;显示,说明身份
Language points
① The thief used a false _______(identify) so that he couldn’t be discovered.?
② The early ___________((identify) of children with special educational needs is very important.?
③ People who had ________((identify) themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger.?
④ The name used must be _______((identify) to that shown in your identity document.?
identity
identification
单句语法填空
identified
identical
Language points
3. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
relate to 涉及;与……相关；了解
relate...to... 把……和……联系起来
related adj.有关联的；有亲属关系的
be related to... 与……有关；与……有亲属关系
relation n.关系;联系；亲戚
in relation to 关于，涉及；相对……而言
relate vt.& vi.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述
Language points
① It is difficult to relate his argument __ the facts.?
② He found it difficult to sustain good __________ (relate) with them.
③ Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all _______ (relate) areas.?
to
relationship
单句语法填空
related
Language points
4. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
a means of (doing) sth (做)某事的方法、途径
by means of 用，依靠；通过
by all means 无论如何；当然可以
by no means 决不
try every means to do sth 尽力做某事
means n.方法,方式;财富,钱财
Language points
① Every possible means ___________(use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.?
② —Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—___ all means he has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.?
③ My friend Jack succeeded in his career ___ means of his perseverance and determination.?
has been used
By
单句语法填空
by
Language points
5. As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
arise from= arise out of 起因于，由……引起
if/when the need arises 如果/当有需要时
arise vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,产生
单句语法填空
① Accidents always arise ____ carelessness, so you must be careful when driving.?
② It’s reported that more and more cities are faced with the problems of road safety and the deaths ______(arise) from it.?
③ I will help you with your work _______ the need arises.?
from
arising
if/when
Language points
6. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases?
restrict sth to sth 把某事限制在某事上
restrict sth to sb 仅限某人做某事
restriction n.限制，约束
make restriction on 对……有限制
restricted adj.受限制的
be restricted to sb 局限于某人
restrictive adj.限制(性)的，约束(性)的
restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束
Language points
① __________(restrict) on group discussion make an open office unwelcome to many people.?
② He was allowed to stay on with his grandma as long as he restricted
himself __ his studies.?
③ They don’t make any restriction __ the films,no matter who direct them, as long as they meet the standards.?
④ The tournament is ________(restrict) to players under the age of 23.
Restrictions
to
单句语法填空
on
restricted
Language points
7. Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?
prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
prohibit(doing) sth 禁止(做)某事
prohibition n.禁止，禁令
prohibition on/against doing sth 禁止做某事
prohibit vt.禁止;使不可能
Language points
① The new rules prohibit _______(smoke) in places like、restaurants, hotels, railway stations or theatres.?
② We consistently stood for the complete _________(prohibit) and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.?
③ The law will prohibit people ____ hunting wild animals.?
④ Please note that any _________(prohibit) items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
smoking
单句语法填空
from
prohibition
prohibited
Language points
8. There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.
debate on/about/over... 就……辩论
debate sth with sb 与某人辩论某事
debate oneself 仔细考虑;思考
have a debate 进行讨论/辩论
under debate 在讨论中
beyond/without debate 无可争辩
debater n.参加讨论者
debate vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n.讨论,争论;辩论
Language points
① The suggestion he put forward is still _____ debate.?
② They debated ___________ who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 o’clock.?
③ I don’t want to debate such things _____you.
④ He is a skilled _______(debate) and had a deep knowledge of the content.?
under
with
单句语法填空
debater
about/on/over
Language points
9. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science.
no doubt 无疑，很可能
have any/no doubt about... 怀疑/不怀疑……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether/if... 怀疑是否……
don’t doubt that... 不怀疑……
doubt whether/if... 怀疑/不相信是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问,的确
Language points
① There is still some doubt _________ the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school.?
② I don’t doubt ___ my father will come to watch my performance,but I doubt whether he can come on time.?
③ He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt _____ it.?
whether/if
about
单句语法填空
that
____________________________ 在……中起关键作用
____________________________ 取决于；依赖；依靠
____________________________ 感染某种病毒
____________________________ 患上某种癌症
____________________________ 大范围的；各种不同的
____________________________ 在早期
____________________________ 担任……；起……的
____________________________ 接近；通往……的方法
Language points
Expressions
play a critical role in
depend on
catch a certain virus
develop a particular form of cancer
a wide range of
early on
serve as
approach to
9. __________________ 以很快的速度
10. __________________ 对……的抵抗
11. __________________ 全力对付；努力克服
12. __________________ 落实到位；正在实施
13. __________________ 涉及……时
14. __________________ 在……方面，在……领域
15. __________________ 束缚于，捆绑于
16. __________________ 起……的作用
Language points
Expressions
at a fast pace
resistance to
wrestle with
put sth in place
on the subject of
in the field of
be tied to
function as
Language points
1. My father used to be an amateur _______(wrestle) and national champion.?
2. He hoped she would remove that __________(prohibit) soon.?
3. The government placed __________(restrict) on the number of foreign cars that could be imported.?
4. Regarding your inquiry, I’m writing to share with you some ______(relate) information.?
5. There’s a close _______(identify) between fans and their team.?
6. She envied our family atmosphere where our parents showed us much ________(affect).??
wrestler
prohibition
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
restrictions
related
identity
affection
Language points
1. ___________ classical music, he still reigns supreme.?
2. The road ________ an approach to the mountainous villages.
3. Nobody knew that the boss had spent the whole week ____________ the problem.
4. His success ________ his hard work
5. There is a strong possibility that man will mainly ________ solar energy in the future.?
6. Governments need to offer the young _____________ options after school.
wrestling with
In the field of
二、用所给短语的适当形式填空
serves as
is tied to
depend on
a wide range of
depend on; a wide range of ; serve as; wrestle with; in the field of; be tied to
Summary
Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Our own personal genome carries all the information 1.______(need) to make us grow and develop. It also contains information 2.__________ helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of 3. _________(contract) certain diseases. Geneticists believe genome editing is 4.___ effective means of disease treatment and prevention and they hope to apply this technology 5.__ treat a wide range of health problems. With the technology 6.__________(develop) at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
Summary
Fill in the blanks.
needed
that/which
contracting
an
to
developing
One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human 7. _________(resist) to colds and flu，to 8. _______(sharp) all of their senses, etc. However, is this a good thing? What consequences might it have? Philosophers, geneticists and government 9. _______(official) have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. Despite the public argument over this technology, 10. ___(it)possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.
Summary
Fill in the blanks.
resistance
sharpen
officials
its
Summary
The future is in our genes
Life
Health
Safety
Genes: They are critical in shaping our live.
Genome editing: It will lead to a fundamental change in our approaches to health care.
Appropriate controls on genome editing: They make sure that this new technology is kept under control
Assessment
Assessment
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}Learning Objectives
Score(1-5)
1. After learning, I am able to discuss the possible changes genome editing can bring to human life and health care.
2. After learning, I am able to explain their attitudes towards “designer babies”.
3. After learning, I am able to understand the relationship between genetic markers and human lifespans.
4. After learning, I am able to use suffixes to build more word families.
5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2-不太能；1-完全不能
Homework
Homework
假定你是李华，你的笔友 Peter来信说，下周他要在课堂上作与“基因编辑”主题相关的介绍展示，希望你能帮助他。你给他写封信，内容包括以下几点：
1. “基因编辑”在生活中的应用；2. 你对该项技术的看法。
二选一
1. 你对基因编辑技术的理解; 2. 你对这项技术最大的担忧。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Hearing that you are going to do a presentation on “genome editing” in your class next week, I would like to share with you some relevant information.
_________________________________________________________________
I am hopeful that the above information is useful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Homework
Dear Peter,
Hearing that you are going to do a presentation on “genome editing” in your class next week, I would like to share with you some relevant information.
Genome editing, serving as a new weapon against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in health care. Experts may use it to increase the human resistance to some diseases, to sharpen people’s senses or to make them more intelligent.
However, the widespread use of genome editing brings some moral issues and consequences. What if it is used improperly by those who seek fame and money? Most terribly, it is likely to create genetic viruses, weapons or even the so-called “Frankenstein monster”.
I am hopeful that the above information is useful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Homework
Dear Peter,
Hearing that you are going to do a presentation on “genome editing” in your class next week, I would like to share with you some relevant information.
Genome editing allows geneticists to treat a wide range of health problems, such as restoring a blind person's vision. By correcting abnormal genes early on, it ultimately prevents diseases from ever developing. It may even help us enhance healthy bodies or select specific characteristics for unborn children.
“However, the development of genome editing has brought about moral issues. Therefore, we have to put appropriate controls in place to keep the technology from running wild and make sure it works to our advantage.
I am hopeful that the above information is useful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua

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