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Unit 1 People of Achievement
非限制性定语从句
【链接课文】
① This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), _______ research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
② In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ___________ malaria was more common to study malaria patients.
③ Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of ___________ recovered.
④ This medicine, ________ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
【限制性定从和非限制性定从的区别】
形式不同：________________________________________________________________________
The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.
I spoke to Dr. Smith just now, who is always ready to help others.
意义不同
Restrictive relative clause: _______________________________________________________________
I saw the guy who delivers my mail yesterday.
I’ll always remember the river where we learned to swim.
Non-restrictive relative clause: ___________________________________________________________
1. Paris, where I spent six months studying, is the most beautiful city in the world.
2. The woman, whose children are the same age as yours, invited us over for dinner next week.
③ 先行词不同
Restrictive relative clause: _______________________________________________________________
Non-restrictive relative clause: ___________________________________________________________
Mexico is a city, which has a lot of attractions.
He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy.
④ 翻译不同
Restrictive relative clause: _______________________________________________________________
Non-restrictive relative clause: ___________________________________________________________
In the class there are ten students who/that speak English very well.
In the class there are ten students, who speak English very well.
⑤ 关系词不同
判断下列句子正误
This is the girl whom/who I met in the street.
A young man had a new girl friend, who he wanted to impress.
Wang Fang passed her exam, that surprised me a great deal.
I have told them the reason, why I didn’t come to the party.
The car which/that I bought last year does not work.
The car I bought last year does not work.
The car, whichI bought last year, does not work.
The car, I bought last year, does not work.
非限制性定从关系词总结
关系代词 指人 指物 在定语从句中所作成分
who
whom
which
whose
关系副词 指地点 指时间 在定语从句中所作成分
when
where
注意：_____________ 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用；why在非限制性定语从句中用____________ 替代。
补充1：as和which引导非限制性定从的区别
两者都可以引导非限制性定语从句，修饰、指代_________________。
区别：
1. as 译为______________ ；which译为____________。
2. as 从句可置于主句_____________________________；which从句只能置于主句__________。
3. as的先行词通常为_____________； which可以是主句中的_________或是___________。
4. 介词可以加__________引导从句，______不可。
5. _______________________ 结构中，as引导限制性定从。
Practise:
is reported, the pop star will come to Wenzhou next month.
The pop star will come to Wenzhou next month, is reported.
It was the fourth time that he had got first prize, surprised all of us.
He published so many books, some of are still popular.
Look! He wears the same kind of shoes you do.
As常见搭配
众所周知 正如你所知道的那样
正如所预料的那样 正如我们所期待的
正如上面所提到的 正如报道/所说的那样
正如一句谚语所说/俗话说 正如指出的
正如你所看见的 情况通常如此
Practise: as or which
① 正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。
She is always working hard, __________ everyone can see.
② 这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。
The book, __________ I bought yesterday, is very instructive.
③ 她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
______ everyone can see, she is honest. = She is honest, _______ everyone can see.
④ 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
______ we all know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
⑤ 汤姆突然病倒，这让我们很伤心。
Tom suddenly fell ill, _______ made us very sad.
补充2：“名词/代词/数词+介词of/+关系的代词(which/whom)”结构
Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week.
China has 34 provinces, some of which are pretty poor.
tip: 以上结构一般用于引导 ______________ 定语从句。
Summary:
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上
意义上
作用上
翻译上
关系词
Practise:
语篇填空
There was a time 1 ____________ I was tired of learning English and disliked speaking English. And this was the reason 2__________ my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club, 3___________ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide, 4___________teacher was Yu Minhong, communicated with me face-to-face, from 5 __________ I gained some useful instructions. He also introduced a good partner to me, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6__________we did. I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7 ___________ encouraged me to fall in love with English. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into 8___________I put my entire energy. Every day I read my words and passages aloud. In class I join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through 9___________I can memorize a large number of new words. 10___________ our English teacher says, “As long as you from the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will master English sooner or later.”
用非限制性定语从句翻译下列句子。
① 士兵们在阅兵中表现出了高度的纪律性和勇气，他们是我们国家的骄傲。
The soldiers, _____________________________________________________, are the pride of our nation.
② 士兵们忠诚追随的那位将军，庄严地引领着阅兵。
The general, _____________________________________________, led the parade with dignity.
③ 这些新武器的性能令世界惊叹，它们是中国科技创新的成果。
The new weapons, ______________________________________________, are the fruits of China’s scientifc and technological innovation.
④ 九三阅兵是中国抗日战争胜利的一次盛大庆祝活动，吸引了国内个数百万观众。
The military parade on September 3rd, ____________________________ ________________________, caught millions of viewers’ eyeballs both at home and abroad.
⑤ 阅兵于2025年9月3日举行，当时整个国家都充满了自豪和喜悦。
The parade was held on September 3, 2025, __________________________________________________.
⑥ 阅兵举行的天安门广场是北京的中心。
Tiananmen Square, ______________________________________, is the heart of Beijing.
⑦ 士兵们为阅兵刻苦训练了数月，没有他们阅兵就不会如此成功。
The soldiers, _________________________________________________, had trained hard for months.
⑧ 军事现代化所依赖的装备在阅兵中醒目地展示出来。
The equipment, ____________________________________________________, was displayed prominently in the parade.
⑨ 九三阅兵非常成功，这让中国人民更加自信和自豪。
⑩ 众所周知，九三阅兵展示了中国维护世界和平的力量和决心。
Homework
2025年9月3日，在天安门广场举行了盛大阅兵，请你写一篇新闻报道。内容包括：1. 时间；地点2. 阅兵过程；3. 意义
注意：词数120词左右； 运用非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句在读后续写中的应用
看到凶猛的鳄鱼，我们发出惊恐的尖叫。同时，离我们不远的两名猎人听到了我们的尖叫声。他们冲到我们所在的地方。一看到还在我身后的水中漂浮的鳄鱼，其中一个人朝空中开了一枪。
正如所期望的，鳄鱼被吓跑了。然后，我昏倒了，这让两名猎人急忙把我送到医院。
【巩固练习】
【对比练习who, whom, whose】
① (全国卷Ⅲ) But Sarah, ______ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
② Peter, ______ you met in London, is now back in Paris.
③ Isobel, ______ brother was training for the match, had heard the joke before.
④ (江苏卷)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
【对比练习which, as】
①By boat is the only way to get here, ______ is how we arrived.
②______ can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased.
③______ you can imagine, the trip is no piece of cake.
【对比练习when, where】
①He will put off the picnic until May 1st, ______ he will be free.
②They went to London, ______ they lived for six months.
③Phytoplankton(浮游生物) live at the ocean surface, ______they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.
【介词＋关系代词】
①She gave me two books，both ____ ______I didn’t like.
②Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, ____ ______the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.
③Asia and the Pacific has perhaps 3,200 languages, ____ ______ Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.
单句语法填空
1. Mr Smith,_______________ you spoke to, is our new professor.
2. The number of smokers, __________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
3. Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ________ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
4. The newly-built cafe, the walls of ________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
5. Many people, most of _________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.
7. It is a truly delightful place, ______ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
8. Our guide, ______ comes from France, is an excellent cook.
9. Soon children in the camp had many friends, ____ ______ they shared food and stories.
10. The weather turned out to be fine, ____ was more than we could expect.
11. It was my close friend Lisa, ____ I hadn’t seen for many years.
12. The manager, in ____ office I just attended an interview, asked me to go back, waiting for the reply.
13. She has written a book, the name of ____ I have forgotten.
14. We’ll put off the meeting till next week, ____ we won’t be so busy.
15. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it differently.
链接高考
2024年
【2024新高考I卷】The Glasshouse stands for a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【2024新高考Ⅱ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating（纪念）Tang Xianzu, is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【2024年浙江1月】 Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way
will make them the most money.
【2024年全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the largest United States national park —2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box ________ had a picture of a woman whose hair color looked just perfect.
3.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
4.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”...
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
2【2022全国甲卷】On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
3【2022年浙江1月】Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
【2022年北京卷】That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good for one use.
5. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested.
A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom
2021年
1.【2021.1 浙江卷】BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
2．【2021年天津卷第一次】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
3. 【2021年天津卷第二次】In the spring, a season ________ we are 1earning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
4.【2021.3 天津卷 】At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
A. where B.which C. that D. when
2020年
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】In ancient China lived an artist________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud.
3.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】The Digital World is a set of volumes ________ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.
4. 【2020年天津卷第一次】Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it to his grandson.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
5.【2020年江苏卷】 Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
2019年
1.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her late husband Les.
2.【2019年全国卷III】They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
3.【2019年北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those ________ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources.
4.【2019年浙江卷6月】Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, a school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________ gives off light in the dark.
5.【2019年江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that
6.【2019年天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
2018年
【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】 The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program _______gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【2018年浙江卷6月】Many westerners _______ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _______ can be to eat out.
3.【2018年天津卷】 Kate, _________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

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