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(共49张PPT)
XB2U4 Living with technology
Reading
Language points
Revision
How does AI work
At the basic level, AI is a branch of _______________ that aims to create intelligent machines. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from ___________, adjusting to ___________ and performing tasks like ________. Deep learning AI has the capacity to _________ massive amounts of data through multiple layers, _________ the complex networks of the _______________.
computer science
experience
new inputs
humans
analyse
imitating
human brain
The development of AI
The dreams of AI has been _________ for centuries. Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was ________ in the mid-1950s. However, for a long time, AI technology developed very ________. A major _____________ in AI came in 1997, when ___________ beat the world chess champion. Then in 2017, a computer program named __________ defeated Ke Jie, which demonstrated a significant advance in _____________ AI systems.
around
coined
slowly
breakthrough
Deep Blue
AlphaGo
deep-learning
Application of AI
Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: ________, __________, machine translation and art, _________________. From autonomous vehicles to _________ robots, from _______________ systems to computers ______________, AI has an _________ number of applications. Ordinary people are using AI to get _________ translations of text in _____________, and computers can recognize ___________ and even _________.
finance
health care
to name but a few
domestic
writing novels
unlimited
instant
foreign languages
fingerprints
faces
recommendation
Problems AI may bring
AI technology is transforming the way we live. We are getting close to the ___________ between humans and machines. The question is, where will all this ______ While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be ________ to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring __________ and _________. As we become more and more __________ on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the _________ posed by the advances in AI.
dividing line
lead
working
concerns
fears
dependent
dangers
Words and expresions in Para.1
1. option
2. press a button
3. send sb to do
4. build castles in the air
1. = choice
2. 按按钮
3. 派某人做...
4. 建空中楼阁 幻想 空想
Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you.
想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个按钮，就能召来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作。
optional adj.
have no option/choice/alternative but to do sth
have the option of doing.../to do...
Practice
I had no option but ____________(ask) him to leave.
Students have the option _____________(study) abroad in their second year.
Some courses are compulsory while others are ________ (option).
Our schools provide a wide variety of optional classes ___________(tailor) to students of different levels.
to ask
to study
optional
to be tailored
It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artficial intelligence , or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. (line 3-5)
介词+关系代词引导定语从句
这听起来可能像是在建空中楼阁，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。
Practice
1.This is the subject ___________he is the most interested.
2. He was awarded the first prize ____________his parents felt very proud.
3. I want to make some friends ____________I can learn a lot.
4.他的许多想法曾被认为是空想，如今已成为现实。
Many of his idears, which were believed to be castles in the air, have turned into reality.
in which
of which
from whom
given
1. prep.
given sth/that ...
2. adj.
鉴于，考虑到(相当于considering 或in view of )
在句中作状语 = considering that …
指定的,所述的,特定的(作前置定语)
Translation:
考虑到她对绘画的兴趣，我认为她会喜欢这个艺术展。
鉴于很多学生没听懂，老师又把这道题讲解了一遍。
Given her interest in painting, I think she will love thia art exhibition.
The teacher explained the problem again given that many students didn’t understand it.
Words and expresions in Para.2
1. at the bassic level
2. a branch of ...
3. essential
4. be capable of ...
5. adjust to (doing) sth
6. input
7. perform tasks
8. approaches to +n/doing
9. put forward
10.capacity
11. analyse
12. massive amounts of
13. through multiple layers
14. imitate
work
1. 从基础层面讲
2. ...的一个分支
3. 基本的 必不可少的
4. = be able to do
5. 适应...
6. v. 输入 n. 输入的信息 投入
7. 执行任务
8. ...的方法
9. 提出
10. 领悟能力 容量/积 职位/责
11. v. 分析
12. 海量的...
13. 从多个层次
14. 模仿
15. 网络 关系网 人际网
n. analysis
One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.
形容词短语作后置定语
介词of后三个并列的的宾语
句子主干
AI的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。
有能力做某事 = be able to do sth.
be capable of (doing) sth.
n. capability
联想：capacity competence ability
注意：
capacity 侧重先天具备的，潜在的容量或能力 常与“数量/空间/天赋”搭配
capability 侧重后天习得的，能完成具体任务的实际能力 与“技能/成就”搭配
Practice:
1. The hall has a ____________of 500 people.
2. He has the _____________to lead the project successfully.
3. She has a great ______________to learn languages.
4. 这款新软件能快速处理大量数据。
This new software is capable of handling large amounts of data quickly.
capacity
capacity
capability
To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including“deep learning”, which enables a machine to improve its performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.
目的状语
介词短语作后置定语
介短作状语
定语从句修饰deep learning
为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度学习”--这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。
put forward 提出（计划、建议、名称）
拓展：
put off
put /set aside
put away
put down
put up with
put out
put up
推迟
把...放在一边，暂不考虑
把...收好/放好
记下， 镇压
忍受
扑灭
张贴，搭起
Practice:
1. In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to ________ signs asking his “guest” not to step on them.
A. put down B. put out C. put up D. put off
2. When they had finished playing, the children were made ___________ all the toys they had taken out.
A. put off B. to put up C. put away D. to put away
3. All the medical workers in the region spared no effort to ___________ the influenza epidemic.
A. put up B. put out C. put down D. put off
4. The meeting has been ___________ as a result of the bad weather.
A. put away B. putting off C. put aside D. put off
C
C
C
D
Deep-learning Al has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers, _________ (imitate) the complex networks of the human brain.
imitating
（
）
现在分词作伴随状语
深度学习AI拥有从多个层次分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。
mass - massive - massively
the masses 群众
a mass of/masses of + un/cn(pl.)许多...
Words and expresions in Para.3
1. term
2. coin
3. pioneer
4. breakthrough
make a major breakthrough in
5. arguably
6. demonstrate
1. 学期 术语
2. 创造（新词语）
3. 先驱 先锋
4. n. 突破 adj. 突破性的
在...方面取得重大突破
5. 按理 可能 大概
6. 证明 说明 示范 演示 游行
Years before the term "artificial intelligence“ was coined in the mid-1950s, the theory ________________ (explore) by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.
had been explored
Alan Turing的同位语
“人工智能”这个术语是在 20 世纪 50 年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵探索过。
coin v. 创造（新词语）
Every coin has two sides. 万物都有两面性。
to coin a phrase 套用一句老话；用老话来说
Our new strategy is, to coin a phrase, thinking outside the box. We need to innovate to stay ahead.
我们的新策略，有句俗话来说，就是跳出框框思考。我们需要创新以保持领先。
A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, ______Deep Blue, a chess playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
when
定语从句
（
）
Deep Blue的同位语
1997年，AI发展有了一个重大突破，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。
Then in 2017, a computer program _______(name) AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, ________(argue) the best human Go player, ______ demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning Al systems.
named
arguably
which
done作后置定语
Ke Jie的同位语
（
）
定语从句，修饰整个主句
之后在 2017 年，一个叫阿尔法围棋的计算机程序下赢了可谓人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这说明了深度学习 AI 系统的一大显著进展。
arguably 可论证地，按理，常用于adj比较级或最高级前
argue- argument- arguable- arguably
Practice:
1. It is ___________(argue) that the majority of university students fall into this category.
We had an __________(argue) with the waiter about the bill.
He is _________(argue) the best actor of his generation.
arguable
argument
arguably
Words and expresions in Para.4
1. finance
2. health care
3. to name but a few
4. autonomous
5. domestic
6. unlimited
7. text in foreign languages
8. fingerprint
1. n. 财政 金融 资金 v. 提供资金
2. 医疗保健
3. 略举几例 不一而足
4. 自主/动的 自治的
5. 家庭/用的 国内的
6. 无限的
7. 外语文本
8. 指纹
domestically
Nowadays, Al __ already _____________ (apply) in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few.
being applied
is
to name but a few 不一而足 仅举几例
Activities available include squash, archery and swimming, to name but a few.
This shop sells various snacks, chocolate, potato chips, and cookies to name but a few.
A young man had a natural talent for finance, so his father thought it was a good idea to learn finance in the university.
One day, the local charity wanted to raise finance for a poor little girl. Finally, they received a large amount of money anonymously. Guess what! Who financed this charity It was the young man that gave the charity financial support.
finance v/n financial adj.
Words and expresions in Para.5
1. a turning point
2. the dividing line
3. enthusiast
4. to one’s advantage
5. undoubted
6. threaten
7. existence
8. commit crimes
9. murder
10. be dependent on
11. urge sb to do
12. pose
13. spell
1. 转折点
2. 分界线
3. 爱好者
4. 对某人有利
5. 毋庸置疑的
6. v. 危及 威胁
7. n. 存在 生存
8. 犯罪
9. 谋杀
10. 依赖于...
11. 敦促某人做...
12. v.造成 产生 质询 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
13. 招致
enthusiastic ehthusiasm
n. threat
In short, this technology is transforming the way we live.
（that /in which）
简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。
With machines like AlphaGo now ____________ (capability) of thinking and learning from their mistakes, we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.
capable
with+宾+adj. 复合结构
有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。
While Al enthusiasts promise us a bright future ______ intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, these __________(doubt) benefits also bring concerns and fears.
where
undoubted
引导让步状语从句=Although/Though
引导定语从句，修饰抽象地点：a bright future
尽管AI的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利;但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。
How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans
如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚
commit- committed adj. 尽心尽力的/坚定地- commitment n. 承诺/交托/信奉
commit murder/suicide /mistakes 谋杀/自杀/犯错误
be committed to (doing) sth 忠于；致力于
Practice:
1. Most crimes _____________(commit) by young men.
The President is committed ______________(reform) health care.
The hospital has a ___________ (commit) to provide the best medical care.
They are _________(commit) socialists.
commitment
to reforming
are committed
committed
As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers ______(pose) by the advances in AI.
posed
随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，些科学家正敦促我们思考 AI的进步所带来的危险。
引导时间状语从句
done作后置定语，修饰the dangers
urge v. 敦促，力劝 n. 冲动 (a strong desire)
adj. urgent 紧急的 急迫的 n. urgency 急迫性
urge sb to do sth 催促/力劝某人做某事
have an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动
urge +that从句（从句谓语用should do，should可省略）
Practice:
1. 老师总是督促学生从小养成良好的学习习惯。
Teachers always urge students to develop good study habits from an early age.
= Teachers always urge that students should develop good study habits from an early age.
2. 辛苦工作一天后，我特别想躺在沙发上看一部喜剧。
After a long day of work, I have an urge to lie on the sofa and watch a comedy.
pose v. 造成
pose a threat/challenge/danger to 对...造成威胁/ 挑战/ 危险
pose a question 提问, 质询
pose for sb./sth. (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势
pose as 冒充 假扮
Practice:
1. Global warming has posed a threat ____the survival of animals such as polar bears.
2. The students posed _____ a group photograph.
3. The thief entered the building __________(pose) as a deliveryman.
4. 这一件事对他的领导地位构成了挑战。
This event posed a challenge to his leadership.
to
for
posing
Words and expresions in Para.6
1. apparently
2. warning
3. demand
4. fall victim to
5. greedy
6. rather
1. 显然
2. 警告 先兆
3. v/n 要求 需要
4. 受伤 受损 被害
5. 贪心的 贪婪的
6. 相反 而是
obviously clearly plainly
victim 受害者/牺牲品
n. greed
______________(apparent), such warnings demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to Al.
Apparently
副词修饰整个句子
demand
1. This work demands care and patience.
2. She demanded to see the manager at once.
3. The boss demanded that everyone (should) attend the meeting.
4. The book is quite popular; they are in great demand.
5. He decided to quit his highly-paid but demanding job recently.
总结：demanding adj. 要求高的
demand sth /to do sth. 需要某物/ 要求做某事
demand that sb. (should) do 要求某人做某事
be in great demand 需求量极大 meet one’s demand 满足某人的要求
Practice:
1. She demanded ________(tell ) everything about the accident because she was concerned about it.
2.The public demanded that the government ________________________(增加预算) to ban smoking in public.
3.近来对有机产产品的需求正在
There's an _______________________ organic products these days.
to be told
should increase budget
increasing demand for
Challenge yourself
1. Imagine __________(wake) up one morning with the option of staying in bed pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you.
2. It may seem like building castles in the air, but ______ (give) the rate at _______artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true.
3. One of the essential aims of AI is ___________(develop) computer intelligence capable ____learning from experience, __________(adjust) to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.
4. To achieve this aim, many approaches _ creating true AI have been put forward.
__
waking
given
which
to develop
of
adjusting
to
5. Years before the term “artificial intelligence” _________ (coin) in the mid-1950s, the theory ________________(explore) by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.
6. A major breakthrough _____ AI came in 1997, ________ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
7. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, ________________(不一而足).
8. ______ recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an _________(limit) number of applications.
9. It is clear that we are ___ a turning point in history.
was coined
had been explored
in
when
to name but a few
unlimited
From
at
10. While AI __________(enthusiastic) promise us a bright future ________intelligent robots will be working ______ our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
11. How would they be punished if they _________ (commit) crimes
12. As we become more and more dependent ________ computers, some scientists are urging us _________(think) about the dangers __________(pose) by the advances in AI.
13. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim ______AI.
14. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow ______________(autonomy) machines to do all the work for us.
enthusiasts
to
where
committed
on
to think
posed
to
autonomous
Homework
内容由夸克AI生成
Write down your opinion about the future of AI and support it with a quote.

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