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高中英语人教版必修一
UNIT 2 TRAVELLING AROUND 高频和重点词汇精讲讲义
一、核心动词
（一）apply / pla /vi. & vt. 申请；请求；应用；涂（油漆、乳剂等）
1. 经典例句
He has applied for a scholarship to the university.
他已向这所大学申请了奖学金。
I have applied to join the basketball team.
我已申请加入篮球队。
Those rules apply to the English learning.
这些规则适用于英语学习。
We should apply our knowledge to daily life.
我们应该把知识应用于日常生活。
She is always applying herself to her work.
她总是专心致力于自己的工作。
2. 用法小结
表 “申请、请求”：
apply ________ 后接具体事物（职位、奖学金等）；
apply ________ 后接对象（公司、大学等）；
apply ________ 表示 “申请做某事”。
apply sth to sth：表示 “把…… 应用到……”，to是介词，后接名词或名词短语。
apply oneself to (doing) sth：表 “专心、致力于（做）某事”，to 为介词，后接名词或动名词。
注意：
“apply oneself to” 中 oneself 需根据主语人称变化（如 apply himself to, apply themselves to）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
applicant / pl k nt/n. 申请人
搭配：
a job applicant 求职者；
an applicant for the position 该职位的申请人
例：
Hundreds of applicants applied for this well-paid job.
数百名申请人申请了这份高薪工作。
application / pl ke n/n. 应用；申请（书）
搭配：
an application form（申请表）；
the application of new technology（新技术的应用）
例：
You need to submit your application before the deadline.
你需要在截止日期前提交申请表。
4. 即时巩固
Many young professionals apply ____________ international companies ___________ positions related to renewable energy.
Engineers often apply advanced AI technologies ________________ improving the efficiency of smart factories.
If you apply yourself___________ mastering digital skills, you'll have more career choices in the future.
To his excitement, he was selected from thousands of ____________(apply) to participate in the global youth innovation forum.
Due to the_____________ (apply) of 5G technology, remote medical services have become more accessible in rural areas.
（二）pack /p k/vi. & vt. 收拾（行李）；打包；塞满；n. （商品的）纸包；纸袋
1. 经典例句
I need to pack up my luggage before the taxi arrives.
出租车到之前，我需要收拾好行李。
She packed some clothes into her suitcase for the trip.
她为旅行往行李箱里装了一些衣服。
The supermarket sells a pack of cookies for five yuan.
这家超市售卖一包 5 元的饼干。
The train was so crowded that we could barely pack ourselves in.
火车太挤了，我们几乎挤不进去。
2. 用法小结
pack ______ ：固定短语，意为 “将（东西）装箱打包”，可单独使用或后接宾语（如 pack up luggage）。
pack sth ______ sth：强调 “把某物塞进狭小空间”；
pack ______ ：表示 “挤进”，主语多为人或复数名词。
_____ _____ _____ _____：后接可数名词复数，可表示 “一包（食品）、一盒（用品）、一群（动物）”。
注意：
“pack” 作动词表 “塞满” 时，主语若为物品，常用被动语态，如：The box was packed with books。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
package / p k d /n. 包裹；包装盒；vt. 将…… 包装
搭配：
a package tour 包价旅游；
package the gifts 包装礼物
例：
We booked a package tour to Japan for the summer holiday.
我们为暑假预订了去日本的包价旅游。
unpack / n p k/vi. & vt. 打开（箱、包）取东西
搭配：
unpack the suitcase 打开行李箱取东西
例：
She unpacked her bags as soon as she arrived at the hotel.
她一到酒店就打开行李取东西。
4. 即时巩固
Don’t forget to ______ up your portable charger and travel adapter before checking out of the hotel.
She bought a ______ of organic tea leaves for her grandmother when she traveled to Yunnan.
The tour guide reminded us to ______ light, as we would take a lot of short-distance hikes during the trip to Guilin.
After arriving at the Airbnb, they spent 40 minutes ______ (unpack) their hiking gear and daily necessities.
（三）recognise / rek ɡna z/（NAmE: recognize）vt. 辨别出；承认；认可
1. 经典例句
I recognised him as soon as I saw him on the street.
我在街上一看见他就认出了他。
We should recognise that helping others is helping ourselves.
我们应该承认帮助别人就是帮助自己。
Mozart is recognised as one of the most famous musicians in the world.
莫扎特被公认为世界上最著名的音乐家之一。
It is recognised that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems.
人们认为环境污染已成为最严重的问题之一。
2. 用法小结
recognise sb/sth by/from sth：表 “辨别出、认出”，“by” 后接识别依据（如表情、声音），“from” 后接识别来源（如照片、记忆）。
recognise that...：表 “承认、认可”，后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语气；
be recognised ______ /______ ______： 表示 “被认为是……”，as/to be 后接身份、地位等名词。
It is recognised that...”：固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正主语为 that 引导的从句，意为 “人们认为……”。
注意：
“recognise” 无进行时态，表 “正在被认可” 需用被动语态（如 His work is being recognised）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
recognition / rek ɡ n n/n. 认识；承认；认可
搭配：
beyond recognition（变得完全认不出来）；
gain recognition（获得认可）
例：
The old town has changed beyond recognition after the renovation.
翻新后，这座老镇变得完全认不出来了。
recognisable / rek ɡna z bl/adj. 可辨认的
搭配：
a recognisable face（一张眼熟的脸）
例：
Even with a mask, his eyes are still recognisable.
即使戴了口罩，他的眼睛还是能认出来。
4. 即时巩固
This scientist’s research on climate change has finally been ________ (recognise) by the international academic community.
The small coastal village has changed beyond ____________ (recognize) since the opening of the high-speed railway.
The famous author wears a simple hat in public, hoping to buy books without __________ (recognize).
Yuan Longping is recognized ___________ one of the most influential figures in global food security.
___________________ (人们认为) protecting cultural heritage is of great significance for passing down traditional values.
（四）admire / d ma (r)/vt. 钦佩；赞赏；欣赏
1. 经典例句
I admire her for her way of solving problems.
我因她解决问题的方法而钦佩她。
We stopped to admire the view from the top of the mountain.
我们停下来欣赏山顶的风景。
Everyone admires his courage to face difficulties.
所有人都钦佩他面对困难的勇气。
They admired the moon and ate mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.
中秋节他们一起赏月、吃月饼。
2. 用法小结
admire sb for (doing) sth：表 “钦佩、赞赏（人或行为）”，for 后接钦佩的原因（如品质、行为），doing sth 需用动名词形式。
admire sth：直接接宾语（如 view, moon, painting），表示 “欣赏某物”，不接介词。
为日常表达中常用搭配：
admire the moon 赏月
admire the architecture 欣赏建筑。
注意：
“admire” 为及物动词，后接宾语时无需加介词；
不可用于 “admire sb to do sth” 结构，表 “钦佩某人做某事” 需用 “admire sb for doing sth”。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
admirable / dm r bl/adj. 可钦佩的；值得赞赏的
搭配：
an admirable attitude 值得赞赏的态度；
admirable work 出色的工作
例：
Her dedication to helping the poor is admirable.
她致力于帮助穷人的精神令人钦佩。
admiration / dm re n/n. 钦佩；赞赏
搭配：
in/with admiration（钦佩地）；
express admiration for（表达对…… 的钦佩）
例：
The students looked at the teacher with admiration after her speech.
老师演讲后，学生们钦佩地看着她。
admiring / d ma r /adj. 赞赏的；钦佩的
搭配：
an admiring look 赞赏的目光
例：
She received admiring glances from the audience after her performance.
表演结束后，她收到了观众赞赏的目光。
4. 即时巩固
We all admire him ___________ devoting his spare time to teaching elderly people how to use smartphones.
The journalist expressed great ___________ (admire) for the volunteers who risked their lives to save wild animals in the disaster area.
As a matter of fact, the efforts she has made to promote cross-cultural communication are really ____________(admire).
All the visitors stood there，watching the artist paint the landscape __________ admiration.
We stood on the balcony for a few moments, ___________ (admire) the twinkling city lights at night.
（五）contact / k nt kt/vt. 联络；联系；n. 联系；接触
1. 经典例句
We forgot to exchange numbers — now we can't contact each other.
我们忘了交换号码，现在没法联系彼此了。
I have kept in contact with my former teachers since graduation.
毕业后我一直和以前的老师保持联系。
We are anxious to make contact with her to confirm the details.
我们急于和她取得联系确认细节。
I’d hate to lose contact with my college friends.
我不想和大学朋友失去联系。
2. 用法小结
vt.：联络、联系，直接接人作宾语
contact sb：作动词 “”
contact sb ________ + 方式：表示 “通过某种方式联系某人”，如 by phone, by email。
n.：联系、接触：
________ in contact with sb：保持联系
________ contact ________ sb：失去联系，contact 为不可数名词，无复数形式。
________ ________ contact with sb：取得联系，强调 “主动与某人建立联系”。
________ ________ contact with sb：有联系
________ ________ ________ contact with sb：无联系，描述当前联系状态。
注意：
“contact” 作动词时，不可说 “contact with sb”，需直接接宾语；
作名词时，“in contact with” 中 in 不可换成 into。
3. 经典例句（补充）
Tim, where have you gone I’ve been trying to contact you all day.
蒂姆，你去哪了？我一整天都在试着联系你。
After moving to a new city, she soon got into contact with her old classmate.
搬到新城市后，她很快就和老同学取得了联系。
4. 即时巩固
Please do not hesitate to ______________________________ (与项目负责人联系）if you have any questions about the volunteer plan.
They have _______________________ (保持联系）each other through online video calls even though they live in different continents.
The research team finally _______________________________ (取得联系) the expert in marine biology to ask for professional advice.
I ___________________________ (与…… 有联系) several environmental organizations since I started paying attention to wildlife protection.
二、核心名词
（一）arrangement / re nd m nt/n. 安排；筹备；布置
1. 经典例句
If you don’t want to regret, you’d better make arrangements for your future.
如果你不想后悔，最好为未来做安排。
We have come to an arrangement over the price of the product.
我们就产品价格达成了协议。
The arrangement of the meeting room makes it easy for everyone to see the screen.
会议室的布置让所有人都能轻松看到屏幕。
She told me about the arrangements for the company trip next month.
她跟我讲了下个月公司旅行的安排。
2. 用法小结
________ arrangements for sth：表 “为某事做安排、筹备”，arrangement 常用复数形式，for 后接安排的对象（如 trip, meeting）；“arrangements for sth” 表示 “关于某事的安排”
the arrangements ________ sth：某事的安排，作定语时需用所有格，如 the arrangements of the trip旅行的安排。
the arrangement of sth：事物的________，of 后接被布置的事物（如 furniture, room），arrangement 为可数名词，表 “某一处布置” 时用单数。
________ ________an arrangement (with sb) (over sth)：with表 “（与某人）达成协议”，over 后接协议涉及的内容（如 price, time）。
注意：
“arrangement” 表 “多个安排” 时用复数，表 “单一布置或协议” 时用单数；“make an arrangement” 表示 “做一项安排”，需根据数量调整冠词。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
arrange / re nd /vi. & vt. 安排；筹备；整理
搭配：
arrange to do sth. 安排去做某事；
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事；
arrange for sth. 安排某事
例：
I arranged to meet her at the café at 3 p.m.
我安排下午 3 点在咖啡馆见她。
The company arranged for a car to pick up the guests.
公司安排了一辆车去接客人。
arranged / re nd d/adj. 安排好的；包办的
搭配：
an arranged marriage 包办婚姻；
arranged time 约定时间
例：
The arranged meeting was cancelled due to bad weather.
因天气恶劣，原定的会议取消了。
4. 即时巩固
The sudden heavy rain totally upset our _____________ (arrange) for the outdoor picnic and forced us to change the plan.
They haven’t come to an arrangement ___________ the local community about the use of the public playground.
My boss arranged ___________ a professional translator to assist the foreign clients during the business negotiation.
She arranged __________ (attend) the international education forum in Shanghai next week but had to cancel due to illness.
We have made detailed ______________(arrangement) for the school’s 50th anniversary celebration, including a parade and a concert.
（二）accommodation / k m de n/n. 住处；停留处；膳宿
1. 经典例句
From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest.
从那里出发，你将乘船一天前往森林中央的住处。
We need to book accommodation in advance during the National Day holiday.
国庆假期我们需要提前预订住宿。
The hotel provides free accommodation for the participants of the conference.
这家酒店为会议参与者提供免费住宿。
The accommodation in this small town is simple but clean and comfortable.
这个小镇的住处简单但干净舒适。
2. 用法小结
表 “旅行 / 短期停留的住处”：为________________名词，无复数形式，常用搭配前不加不定冠词
book accommodation 预订住宿
find accommodation 找到住处。
accommodation and meals：表 “膳宿（含食宿）”，多用于酒店、公司福利等场景。
________/ _______ accommodation ________/________ sb”：为某人提供住宿，for/to 后接住宿对象（如 guests, students）。
注意：
“accommodation” 不可说 “an accommodation” 或 “accommodations”（部分美式英语中可表 “多种住宿”，但教材中统一为不可数）；
“accommodation” 后接地点时，用 “accommodation in + 地点”（如 accommodation in the hotel）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
accommodate / k m de t/vt. 为…… 提供住处；容纳；适应
搭配：
accommodate sb. 为某人提供住处；
accommodate a large number of people 容纳大量人口；
accommodate to sth. 适应某事
例：
The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家酒店最多可容纳 500 名客人。
It took her a while to accommodate to the new working environment.
她花了一段时间才适应新的工作环境。
accommodating / k m de t /adj. 乐于助人的；随和的
搭配：
an accommodating person（乐于助人的人）
例：
The staff in this hotel are very accommodating and always ready to help.
这家酒店的员工非常乐于助人，随时准备提供帮助。
4. 即时巩固
We strongly advise you to book _____________ in advance, as it is the peak tourist season now.
我们强烈建议您提前预订 住宿，因为现在是旅游旺季。
The new conference hall is large enough to _____________ up to 1,000 people.
新的会议厅足够大，可以容纳多达1000人。
The university will provide free _____________ for all the international students during the summer camp.
大学将为所有参加夏令营的国际学生免费 提供 住宿。
The hotel staff were very _____________ and allowed us a late check-out without any extra charge.
酒店工作人员非常乐于助人，允许我们延迟退房且不收取任何额外费用。
It took him a few weeks to _____________ to the fast-paced life in the metropolis.
他花了几个星期才适应大都市快节奏的生活。
Finding affordable _____________ in the city center is almost impossible for a student.
对学生来说，在市中心找到负担得起的住处几乎是不可能的。
（三）view /vju /n. 视野；景色；看法；vt. 看待；观看
1. 经典例句
The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.
山顶的景色令人叹为观止。
In my view, it was a waste of time to argue with him.
在我看来，和他争论是浪费时间。
We had a friendly exchange of views on the project.
我们就这个项目友好地交换了看法。
If we view the problem from a different angle, a solution may become more obvious.
如果我们从不同角度看待这个问题，解决方案可能会更明显。
2. 用法小结
n.：视野、景色：
表 “视野范围”：描述物体是否可见
in view 在视线内
out of view 不在视野中
come into view 进入视野。
表 “看到的景色”：view 为可数名词
have a good view of sth 清晰看到某物
a view of + 景色”，表 “一处景色” 用单数（如 a view of the sea），。
n.：看法、观点：
表 “某人的观点”：
in one's view 在某人看来
one's view on/about sth 某人对某事的观点，view 常用复数 “views” 表 “多种观点”。
exchange views on sth：交换观点（views 用复数形式）。
vt.：看待、观看。view 为及物动词，直接接宾语
view...as...：将…… 视为……
view sth from...angle：从…… 角度看待某事。
注意：
“view” 作 “景色” 时，可数，侧重 “从某一位置看到的景象”；
“scenery” 侧重 “整体自然风光”，不可数，需区分使用。
3. 经典例句（补充）
As we turned the corner, the beautiful lake came into view.
我们拐过拐角，美丽的湖泊进入了视野。
She has a different view on how to educate children.
在如何教育孩子方面，她有不同的看法。
He viewed the opportunity as a chance to prove himself.
他把这个机会视为证明自己的契机。
4. 即时巩固
The old lighthouse soon came __________ view as our ship sailed closer to the coastal town.
Most young people view online learning __________ a convenient way to acquire new knowledge after work.
The documentary invites several scholars to share their views __________ the impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health.
We should consider the urban planning plan again ______________________________________________ (考虑到当地居民的实际需求).
Although this old camera is not valuable, I cherish it very much. __________________(在我看来) , it carries the memories of my childhood.
When we climbed to the top of the TV tower,we ________________________________________________ (看得清整个城市的天际线).
（四）comment / k ment/n. 意见；评论；议论；vi. & vt. 发表意见；评论
1. 经典例句
The manager made no comment on my suggestion at the meeting.
经理在会议上对我的建议未作评论。
He commented that the two essays were rather similar.
他评论称这两篇文章非常相似。
She made helpful comments on my work.
她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。
So far Mr Cook has not commented on these reports.
到目前为止，库克先生尚未对这些报道发表评论。
2. 用法小结
n.：意见、评论：
make comments/a comment on/about sth：就某事发表评论，comment 为可数名词，“comments” 表 “多条评论”，“a comment” 表 “一条评论”。
make a comment that...：表 “评论内容”，that 后接评论的具体内容（同位语从句）。
no comment：无可奉告（为日常交际常用语）
without comment：不加评论（为日常交际常用语）
vi.：发表意见、评论：
comment on/upon sth：评论某事，on/upon 不可省略，后接评论对象（如 report, work）。
comment that...：评论称……，that 后接评论的内容（宾语从句）。
注意：“comment” 作动词时，无被动语态；
3. 词汇拓展及应用
commentary / k m ntri/n. 评论；解说词
搭配：
a sports commentary（体育赛事解说）；
a political commentary（政治评论）
例：
We listened to the commentary of the football match on the radio.
我们通过收音机听了这场足球赛的解说。
commentator / k m nte t (r)/n. 评论员；解说员
搭配：
a news commentator（新闻评论员）；
a sports commentator（体育解说员）
例：
The commentator analyzed the current economic situation in his program.
这位评论员在节目中分析了当前的经济形势。
4. 即时巩固
The famous actor was asked about his new movie but refused to comment __________ its plot to keep it a secret.
The editor made helpful comments __________ the structure and language of the young writer’s novel.
We are just _________________________(评论) how innovative the new design of the smartwatch is.
—Will the company launch a new product line next quarter —______________________(无可奉告)!（
The research team handed in the final report ___________________ (不予评论) and waited for the expert group’s feedback.
（五）credit / kred t/n. 借款；信用；称赞；学分；vt. 认为是…… 的功劳
1. 经典例句
I paid for the new phone by credit card.
我用信用卡支付了这部新手机的费用。
The teacher gave credit to the students for their hard work.
老师称赞了学生们的努力。
You need to earn 120 credits to graduate from this university.
你需要获得 120 个学分才能从这所大学毕业。
People credit Edison with inventing the light bulb.
人们把发明电灯泡的功劳归于爱迪生。
2. 用法小结
n.：借款、信用：
credit card：信用卡，固定搭配，credit 不可用复数。
have good/bad credit：信用好 / 差，描述个人信用状况，credit 为不可数名词。
n.：称赞、学分：
give credit to sb for sth：因某事称赞某人，credit 为不可数名词。
表 “学分”：credit 为可数名词，表 “多个学分” 用复数
earn credits：获得学分
credits for a course：一门课程的学分。
v.：认为是…… 的功劳：
credit sb with sth：把某事归功于某人，with 后接功劳对应的事物（如 invention, success）。
credit sth to sb：把某事归功于某人，to 后接被归功的人。
注意：
“credit” 作 “学分” 时，仅用于教育场景；
作 “功劳” 时，“credit sb with sth” 和 “credit sth to sb” 可互换，如：
People credit Edison with inventing the bulb = People credit inventing the bulb to Edison。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
credible / kred bl/adj. 可信的；可靠的
搭配：
a credible story 可信的故事；
credible evidence 可靠的证据
例：
His explanation sounds credible, so we decided to believe him.
他的解释听起来可信，所以我们决定相信他。
credibility / kred b l ti/n. 可信度；可靠性
搭配：
lose credibility 失去可信度；
gain credibility获得可信度
例：
The newspaper lost credibility after it reported the false news.
这家报纸报道假新闻后失去了可信度。
credulous / kredj l s/adj. 轻信的；易受骗的
搭配：
a credulous person轻信的人
例：
She is too credulous and easily believes what others say.
她太轻信别人了，很容易相信别人说的话。
4. 即时巩固
More and more people prefer to pay by _____________ (credit) card when shopping on cross-border e-commerce platforms.
The team's success in developing the new energy battery should be credited _____________ the joint efforts of researchers and engineers.
You can earn extra _____________ (credit) by participating in the university’s international exchange programs.
His report on the local wildlife protection is not _____________ (credible) because it lacks specific data and field survey records.
The politician's _____________ (credibility) has been damaged by his inconsistent statements on public health policies.
三、核心形容词 & 副词
（一）amazing / me z /adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
1. 经典例句
If you come to visit China, you can experience its amazing culture.
如果你来中国旅游，就能体验到它令人惊叹的文化。
It is amazing that he should have survived the big fire.
他竟然从那场大火中幸存下来，真是令人惊讶。
We watched an amazing magic show last night.
昨晚我们看了一场精彩的魔术表演。
The amazing scenery of the Grand Canyon attracts millions of tourists every year.
大峡谷令人惊叹的景色每年吸引数百万游客。
2. 用法小结
修饰对象：
表示属性“令人感到惊奇的、精彩的”，一般用于修饰 “事物、事件或场景”
一般不修饰人；修饰人表情绪需用 “amazed”（感到惊奇的）。
常见搭配：“amazing + 名词”（如 amazing view, amazing discovery），可作定语或表语（如 The show is amazing）。
固定句型：“It is amazing that...”，it 为形式主语，that 后接令人惊奇的事情（从句用陈述语气，可根据语境用不同时态）。
与 amazed 的区别：
“amazing”：通常修饰对象为物，表 “事物本身令人惊奇”（如 amazing news）。
“amazed”：主要的修饰对象为人，表 “人感到惊奇”，常用 “be amazed at/by sth”“be amazed to do sth”（如 I am amazed at the news）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
amaze / me z/vt. 使惊奇
搭配：
amaze sb.（使某人惊奇）；
be amazed by sb./sth.（被某人 / 某物使惊奇）
例：
His courage amazed everyone around him.
他的勇气让周围的人都很惊奇。
amazed / me zd/adj. 大为惊奇的（修饰人）
搭配：
be amazed at/by（对…… 感到惊奇）；
be amazed to do sth.（惊奇地做某事）
例：
I was amazed to hear that she had won the first prize.
听到她获得一等奖的消息，我很惊讶。
amazement / me zm nt/n. 惊奇；惊诧
搭配：
to one’s amazement 使某人大为惊奇的是；
in amazement 惊讶地
例：
To our amazement, the little boy solved the difficult math problem.
令我们惊奇的是，这个小男孩解出了这道难题。
4. 即时巩固
It is _________(amaze) that this small startup has developed such advanced AI technology in just two years.
Visitors are often _________ (amaze) to discover how much traditional craftsmanship has been preserved in this ancient town.
I'm amazed __________ (learn) that my former classmate has become a key researcher in the field of space exploration.
From his ___________ (amaze) expression，I knew Tom couldn't understand your __________(amaze) idea about using waste materials to make artworks.
The audience stared at the pianist in __________ (amaze) as she played the difficult piece flawlessly.
_________________________________ (令我惊讶的是), the 10-year-old girl was able to translate this English novel into Chinese by herself.
The little boy stood in silence and stared at the magician _______________________ (惊讶地) as the rabbit disappeared from the hat.
（二）unique /ju ni k/adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的
1. 经典例句
The animal giant panda is unique to China.
大熊猫这种动物是中国特有的。
Everyone has a unique personality and way of thinking.
每个人都有独特的性格和思维方式。
This ancient building has a unique style that can’t be found elsewhere.
这座古建筑有着独特的风格，在其他地方找不到。
The opportunity to study abroad is unique—you shouldn’t miss it.
出国留学的机会是难得的，你不应该错过。
2. 用法小结
be unique to sth/sb：为…… 所特有，to 后接 “事物 / 人”，表示 “只有某物 / 某人拥有”，如：
Many abilities will cease to be unique to human beings.
许多能力将不再是人类独有的。
This particular dialect is unique to a few remote villages in the mountains.
这种特殊的方言仅为山区少数几个偏远村庄所独有。
表 “唯一的、独特的”：
表 “唯一的”：强调 “仅此一个”，不与 more, most, very, rather 等程度副词连用（如 This is the unique chance，不可说 This is a very unique chance）。
表 “独特的”：强调 “与众不同”，可与 rather, quite 等程度副词连用（如 a rather unique style, quite unique experience）。
修饰对象：可修饰 “事物、机会、风格、人” 等，如 unique style（独特风格）、unique opportunity（难得机会）。
注意：
“unique” 无比较级和最高级形式，不可说 “more unique” 或 “most unique”。
3. 用法提示
当 unique 表示 “唯一的” 时，不与 more, most 及 very, rather 等表示程度的副词连用；
当表示 “独特的” 时，可以与这些副词连用。
例：
This is a rather unique design.（这是一个相当独特的设计。）（√，表示 “独特的”，可与 rather 连用）
This is the very unique chance.（这是唯一的机会。）（×，表示 “唯一的”，不可与 very 连用，应改为 This is the only unique chance.）
4. 词汇拓展及应用
uniqueness /ju ni kn s/n. 唯一性；独特性
搭配：
the uniqueness of the culture 文化的独特性；
the uniqueness of the place 这个地方的独特之处
例：
We should protect the uniqueness of traditional handicrafts.
我们应该保护传统手工艺品的独特性。
5. 即时巩固
The traditional craft of making blue-and-white porcelain ____________________ (为…… 所特有) China.
Actually, the challenge you are facing now _________________________ (不只是你有) — many young people have similar experiences.
The _____________ (unique) of this coastal wetland lies in its role as a habitat for rare migratory birds.
（三）powerful / pa fl/adj. 强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的
1. 经典例句
This powerful computer can process large amounts of data quickly.
这台高性能的电脑能快速处理大量数据。
The president is the most powerful person in the country.
总统是这个国家最有权势的人。
His powerful speech inspired many people to join the volunteer team.
他有感染力的演讲激励很多人加入志愿者团队。
The powerful storm caused great damage to the coastal areas.
这场强风暴给沿海地区造成了巨大损失。
2. 用法小结
表 “强有力的（物体、自然现象）”：修饰 “机器、风暴、风” 等，强调 “力量大、强度高”，如：
powerful computer（高性能电脑）
powerful storm（强风暴）。
表 “有权势的（人、组织）”：修饰 “领导人、国家、机构” 等，强调 “有权力、有地位”，如：
powerful leader（有权势的领导人）
powerful country（强国）。
表 “有影响力的（言语、情感）”：修饰 “演讲、影响、情感” 等，强调 “有感染力、能产生深远影响”，如：
powerful speech（有感染力的演讲）
powerful influence（巨大影响）。
注意：
“powerful” 的反义词为 “powerless”（无能为力的），不可说 “unpowerful”。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
power / pa (r)/n. 力量；权力；电力；vt. 给…… 提供动力
搭配：
come to power（上台；掌权）
have the power to do sth.（有能力做某事）
power a car（为汽车提供动力）
例：
The new government came to power last month.
新政府上个月上台执政。
This car is powered by electricity.
这辆车是电动的。
powerfully / pa f li/adv. 强有力地；有影响力地
搭配：
speak powerfully（有说服力地演讲）；
affect sb. powerfully（对某人产生深远影响）
例：
His words affected me powerfully and changed my attitude towards life.
他的话对我产生了深远影响，改变了我对生活的态度。
powerless / pa l s/adj. 无能为力的；无影响力的
搭配：
feel powerless（感到无能为力）；
be powerless to do sth.（无力做某事）
例：
She felt powerless to help her friend in trouble.
她觉得无力帮助陷入困境的朋友。
4. 即时巩固
This new policy has dealt a _____________ (power) blow to illegal wildlife trade in the region.（答案：powerful）
The elephant grinds its food with its _____________ (power) molars (臼齿) to help with digestion.（答案：powerful）
The new leader __________________ (上台执政) last year and has launched a series of policies to promote rural development.
She spoke _____________ (power) at the environmental protection forum and called on more people to take action.
We felt _____________ (power) when we heard that the historical building was going to be demolished due to urban renewal.
（四）extremely / k stri mli/adv. 极其；非常
1. 经典例句
Jiuzhaigou is an extremely beautiful place.
九寨沟是一个非常美丽的地方。
The journey to the remote village was extremely tiring, but we felt happy.
去偏远村庄的旅程非常累，但我们感到很开心。
2. 用法小结
修饰对象：用于修饰形容词或副词，表示 “程度极高”，相当于 “very” 但语气更强，可修饰 “褒义、贬义、中性” 形容词，如：
extremely beautiful,
extremely difficult,
extremely important。
位置：位于被修饰词之前，若修饰 “形容词 + 名词”，需放在形容词之前（如 extremely cold weather，不可说 cold extremely weather）。
常见搭配：“extremely + adj.”（如 extremely happy, extremely tired）、“extremely + adv.”（如 extremely well, extremely quickly）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
extreme / k stri m/adj. 极端的；极度的；n. 极端；极端情况
搭配：
extreme weather（极端天气）；
extreme poverty（极度贫困）；
go to extremes（走极端）
例：
Extreme temperatures can be dangerous for the elderly.
极端温度对老年人来说可能很危险。
He often goes to extremes when making decisions.
他做决定时经常走极端。
extremism / k stri m z m/n. 极端主义
搭配：
political extremism（政治极端主义）
例：
The government is taking measures to fight against extremism.
政府正在采取措施打击极端主义。
extremist / k stri m st/n. 极端主义者；adj. 极端主义的
搭配：
a political extremist（政治极端主义者）；
extremist views（极端主义观点）
例：
His extremist views were not accepted by most people.
他的极端主义观点没有被大多数人接受。
4. 即时巩固
用extreme的合适形式填空
I'm _____________ sorry for forgetting to send you the meeting agenda on time.
She knows the history of this ancient city _____________ well because her grandfather was a local historian.
The small business is facing _____________ challenges due to the global supply chain disruption.
Some people hold _____________ views on the use of artificial intelligence in education.
We should avoid going to _____________ in pursuing success and neglect our physical health.
四、核心短语
（一）take control of 控制；接管
1. 经典例句
Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.
16 世纪西班牙控制了秘鲁，并统治到 1821 年。
The new manager will take control of the project next month.
新经理下个月将接管这个项目。
You need to take control of your time if you want to finish all the tasks.
如果你想完成所有任务，就需要掌控自己的时间。
The government took control of the factory to protect the environment.
为了保护环境，政府接管了这家工厂。
2. 用法小结
基本含义：“take control of” 表示 “获得对某物 / 某人的控制权” 或 “接管（组织、项目等）”，of 后接控制 / 接管的对象（如 country, project, time）。
相关短语（近义 / 反义）：
lose control (of sth)：失去（对……的）控制，of 后接失去控制的事物（如 car, temper），可用于 “lose control of one's temper”（发脾气）。
be in control of sth：掌管、管理，描述 “某人掌控某物” 的状态（如 She is in control of the team）。
under control：处于控制之下，用于 “bring sth under control”（使某物得到控制），主语多为 “问题、危险” 等（如 The fire was brought under control）。
注意：
“control” 为不可数名词，无复数形式；
“take control of” 不可说 “take the control of”，of 前不加冠词。
3. 经典例句（补充）
The driver lost control of the car on the wet road.
司机在湿滑的路面上失去了对汽车的控制。
She is in control of the marketing department of the company.
她掌管公司的市场部。
The fire was finally brought under control after three hours.
三小时后，火势终于得到了控制。
4. 即时巩固
The new CEO took control _____________ the company and immediately started to optimize the organizational structure.
He lost control _____________ his emotions when he heard the news that his team had won the national championship.
The research institute is now _____________ control of a renowned scientist who specializes in quantum computing.
The spread of the infectious disease is under _____________ (control) now thanks to the effective prevention measures.
After the accident, the traffic police took control _____________ the intersection to avoid traffic jams.
（二）other than 除…… 以外（不包括所除对象）
1. 经典例句
I don't know any other people in this city other than my colleagues.
在这座城市里，除了同事我不认识其他人。
The old man wanted to talk to nobody other than his grandson.
这位老人除了孙子之外，不想和任何人说话。
Other than a few small mistakes, his essay is perfect.
除了几个小错误，他的作文很完美。
He has no hobbies other than reading books in his free time.
除了在空闲时间看书，他没有其他爱好。
2. 用法小结
基本含义：“other than” 表示 “除…… 以外（不包括所提到的对象）”，相当于 “except”，后接名词、代词或从句（接从句时需加 that）。
常见搭配：
后接名词 / 代词：“other than + 名词 / 代词”（如 other than my friends, other than him），用于否定句或肯定句中表 “排除”。
后接从句：“other than that...”（如 Other than that he is shy, he is nice），that 不可省略。
固定表达：“no one other than”（除了…… 之外没有人）、“other than a few”（除了几个之外），为日常表达中常用结构。
与相似短语的区别：
other than：除…… 以外（不包括所提对象）
He has no friends other than me.（除了我，他没有其他朋友。）|
besides：除…… 以外（还包括所提对象）
Besides English, he can speak French and German.（除了英语，他还会说法语和德语。）——他会说英语、法语和德语
except for 除…… 以外（用于修正整体中的局部）
The room is clean except for a few dust spots.（除了几个灰尘斑点，房间很干净。）|
3. 即时巩固
She has no interests other _____________ collecting vintage postcards and studying local history.
Other _____________ organizing online lectures, the library also provides free digital resources for students.
_____________ (除了) a small error in the data analysis, his research report is highly praised by the experts.
（三）make up 构成；编造；化妆；弥补
1. 经典例句
Girls make up 60% of the students in our class.
女生占我们班学生总数的 60%。
He made up an excuse about being sick to avoid the meeting.
他编造了生病的借口来逃避会议。
She spent half an hour making up before the party.
她派对前花了半小时化妆。
He worked extra hours to make up for the time he lost due to illness.
他加班工作以弥补生病耽误的时间。
2. 用法小结
表 “构成、组成”：
主动形式：“A make up B”（A 构成 B），A 为组成部分，B 为整体（如 Girls make up 60% of the class）。
被动形式：“B be made up of A”（B 由 A 组成），B 为整体，A 为组成部分（如 The class is made up of 50 students）。
表 “编造（借口、故事）”：“make up + 名词”（如 make up an excuse, make up a story），强调 “虚构、捏造”，不与介词搭配。
表 “化妆”：“make up” 可单独使用（如 She is making up），或 “make up one's face”（如 She spent time making up her face），特指 “面部化妆”。
表 “弥补（损失、时间）”：“make up for + 名词”（如 make up for the time, make up for the loss），for 不可省略，后接弥补的对象。
注意：
“make up” 含义需根据语境判断，不同含义搭配不同，需重点区分 “make up”（化妆、编造）和 “make up for”（弥补）。
3. 经典例句（补充）
The committee is made up of experts from different fields.
这个委员会由来自不同领域的专家组成。
She made up a funny story to entertain the children.
她编了一个有趣的故事来逗孩子们开心。
We need to make up for the lost time by working harder.
我们需要通过更努力工作来弥补失去的时间。
4. 即时巩固
Members of the student union make up about 15% of the total student population in our school.
She spent two hours making _____________ before the graduation ceremony, wearing a beautiful dress and light makeup.
We need to make up _____________ the missed lessons by having extra classes on weekends.
The actor was made _____________ (up) to look like an old farmer with gray hair and rough hands for the movie.
（四）check in /check out
1. 经典例句
You need to check in at the airport two hours before the flight takes off.
你需要在飞机起飞前两小时到机场办理登机手续。
We checked in at the hotel around 3 p.m. and then went to the nearby park.
我们下午 3 点左右在酒店登记入住，然后去了附近的公园。
They plan to check out of the hotel early tomorrow morning to catch the train.
他们计划明天一早结账离开酒店去赶火车。
The teacher asked us to check out the information before writing the report.
老师让我们写报告前核实信息。
2. 用法小结
check in：
表 “（在机场）办理登机手续”：“check in at the airport”，后接地点 “at + 机场”，可加宾语 “check in one's luggage”（托运行李）。
表 “（在酒店）登记入住”：“check in at the hotel”，后接地点 “at + 酒店”，可用于 “check in early/late”（早 / 晚入住）。
check out：
表 “（在酒店）结账离开”：“check out of the hotel”，of 不可省略，后接地点 “of + 酒店”，可用于 “check out by + 时间”（在某时间前退房）。
表 “核实、查证”：“check out + 名词”（如 check out the information, check out the schedule），后接核实的对象，无被动语态。
注意：
“check in” 和 “check out” 均为不及物短语，接地点时需加介词（in 接 at，out 接 of）；
表 “核实” 时 “check out” 为及物短语，直接接宾语。
3. 经典例句（补充）
He checked in his luggage and then went to the departure lounge.
他托运行李后去了候机室。
Before leaving the apartment, we need to check out the electricity and water.
离开公寓前，我们需要检查水电。
The hotel requires guests to check out by noon.
这家酒店要求客人中午前结账离开。
4. 即时巩固
Please check _____________ at the hotel front desk before 11 a.m., or you will be charged for an extra half day.
She checked _____________ her suitcase containing scientific equipment and then went to the airport’s VIP lounge.
We need to check _____________ the authenticity of the historical documents before using them in the research paper.
They checked _____________ of the eco-resort early in the morning and headed for the nearby national park for a hike.
The tour guide asked us to check _____________ our passports and flight tickets again before we left for the airport.
五、单元词汇回顾
My Travel Planning Journey
I started to make travel arrangements. First, I need to apply for a visa and book a flight. I must check every detail of the application, which is an official request.
我开始做旅行安排。首先，我需要申请签证并预订航班。我必须检查这份正式要求的每一个细节。
Next, I contacted a travel agency. They sent me a brochure for a package tour, which included accommodation and transport. I decided to rent a flat; the rent is reasonable and good for my economy. I paid with my credit card.
接着，我联系了一家旅行社。他们给我寄了一本包价旅游的宣传手册，其中包含了住宿和交通。我决定租一套公寓；租金合理，对我的经济情况很有利。我用信用卡支付。
I began to pack my bag. My destination is unique. The path there is narrow but leads to a flat mountaintop with an amazing view. I was amazed by the sight and couldn't wait to hike there.
我开始收拾我的行李。我的目的地很独特。通往那里的小路很狭窄，但通向一个平坦的山顶，那里的景色令人惊叹。我对这景象感到惊喜，迫不及待想去那里远足。
This area was once the center of a powerful empire, ruled by an emperor. On the site, archaeologists unearthed a tomb and a statue. They recognise this finding as a key source for studying an ancient civilisation, and I read their comments with great interest.
这个地区曾是一个强大的帝国的中心，由一位皇帝统治。在遗址上，考古学家发掘出了一座坟墓和一尊雕像。他们承认这一发现是研究一个古代文明的关键来源，我饶有兴趣地阅读了他们的评论。
Other than admiring the natural view, I also admire the local architecture. The architect was brilliant. I will check in at the hotel soon and check out in two days. This journey will make up an unforgettable memory.
除了欣赏自然景色，我也很钦佩当地的建筑。那位建筑设计师非常出色。我很快将在酒店办理入住，并于两天后结账离开。这次旅程将构成一段难忘的回忆。
首字母填空练习
I need to a______ for a visa to travel abroad.
The flight and a______ were included in the package tour.
He decided to r______ a flat near the city center.
She used her c______ c______ to book the flight online.
Please check every d______ of the contract before you sign it.
We will c______ i______ at the hotel at 3 PM and c______ o______ two days later.
I sent an email to c______ the travel agency for more information.
This ancient t______ was u______ by archaeologists last year.
The local a______ is amazing, especially the old castle.
The powerful e______ was once ruled by a wise e______.
This custom makes up an important part of our c______.
The path became very n______ as we climbed up the mountain.
I really a______ your patience and hard work.
The view from the top of the mountain is a______.
We are going on a h______ in the mountains this weekend.高中英语人教版必修一
UNIT 2 TRAVELLING AROUND 高频和重点词汇精讲讲义
一、核心动词
（一）apply / pla /vi. & vt. 申请；请求；应用；涂（油漆、乳剂等）
1. 经典例句
He has applied for a scholarship to the university.
他已向这所大学申请了奖学金。
I have applied to join the basketball team.
我已申请加入篮球队。
Those rules apply to the English learning.
这些规则适用于英语学习。
We should apply our knowledge to daily life.
我们应该把知识应用于日常生活。
She is always applying herself to her work.
她总是专心致力于自己的工作。
2. 用法小结
表 “申请、请求”：
apply ________ 后接具体事物（职位、奖学金等）；
apply ________ 后接对象（公司、大学等）；
apply ________ 表示 “申请做某事”。
apply sth to sth：表示 “把…… 应用到……”，to是介词，后接名词或名词短语。
apply oneself to (doing) sth：表 “专心、致力于（做）某事”，to 为介词，后接名词或动名词。
答案：for；to；to do sth
注意：
“apply oneself to” 中 oneself 需根据主语人称变化（如 apply himself to, apply themselves to）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
applicant / pl k nt/n. 申请人
搭配：
a job applicant 求职者；
an applicant for the position 该职位的申请人
例：
Hundreds of applicants applied for this well-paid job.
数百名申请人申请了这份高薪工作。
application / pl ke n/n. 应用；申请（书）
搭配：
an application form（申请表）；
the application of new technology（新技术的应用）
例：
You need to submit your application before the deadline.
你需要在截止日期前提交申请表。
4. 即时巩固
Many young professionals apply ____________ international companies ___________ positions related to renewable energy.（答案：to; for）
Engineers often apply advanced AI technologies ________________ improving the efficiency of smart factories.（答案：to）
If you apply yourself___________ mastering digital skills, you'll have more career choices in the future.（答案：to）
To his excitement, he was selected from thousands of ____________(apply) to participate in the global youth innovation forum.（答案：applicants）
Due to the_____________ (apply) of 5G technology, remote medical services have become more accessible in rural areas.（答案：application）
（二）pack /p k/vi. & vt. 收拾（行李）；打包；塞满；n. （商品的）纸包；纸袋
1. 经典例句
I need to pack up my luggage before the taxi arrives.
出租车到之前，我需要收拾好行李。
She packed some clothes into her suitcase for the trip.
她为旅行往行李箱里装了一些衣服。
The supermarket sells a pack of cookies for five yuan.
这家超市售卖一包 5 元的饼干。
The train was so crowded that we could barely pack ourselves in.
火车太挤了，我们几乎挤不进去。
2. 用法小结
pack ______ ：固定短语，意为 “将（东西）装箱打包”，可单独使用或后接宾语（如 pack up luggage）。
pack sth ______ sth：强调 “把某物塞进狭小空间”；
pack ______ ：表示 “挤进”，主语多为人或复数名词。
_____ _____ _____ _____：后接可数名词复数，可表示 “一包（食品）、一盒（用品）、一群（动物）”。
参考答案：up；into；in；a pack of
注意：
“pack” 作动词表 “塞满” 时，主语若为物品，常用被动语态，如：The box was packed with books。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
package / p k d /n. 包裹；包装盒；vt. 将…… 包装
搭配：
a package tour 包价旅游；
package the gifts 包装礼物
例：
We booked a package tour to Japan for the summer holiday.
我们为暑假预订了去日本的包价旅游。
unpack / n p k/vi. & vt. 打开（箱、包）取东西
搭配：
unpack the suitcase 打开行李箱取东西
例：
She unpacked her bags as soon as she arrived at the hotel.
她一到酒店就打开行李取东西。
4. 即时巩固
Don’t forget to ______ up your portable charger and travel adapter before checking out of the hotel.（答案：pack）
She bought a ______ of organic tea leaves for her grandmother when she traveled to Yunnan.（答案：pack）
The tour guide reminded us to ______ light, as we would take a lot of short-distance hikes during the trip to Guilin.（答案：pack）
After arriving at the Airbnb, they spent 40 minutes ______ (unpack) their hiking gear and daily necessities.（答案：unpacking）
（三）recognise / rek ɡna z/（NAmE: recognize）vt. 辨别出；承认；认可
1. 经典例句
I recognised him as soon as I saw him on the street.
我在街上一看见他就认出了他。
We should recognise that helping others is helping ourselves.
我们应该承认帮助别人就是帮助自己。
Mozart is recognised as one of the most famous musicians in the world.
莫扎特被公认为世界上最著名的音乐家之一。
It is recognised that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems.
人们认为环境污染已成为最严重的问题之一。
2. 用法小结
recognise sb/sth by/from sth：表 “辨别出、认出”，“by” 后接识别依据（如表情、声音），“from” 后接识别来源（如照片、记忆）。
recognise that...：表 “承认、认可”，后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语气；
be recognised ______ /______ ______： 表示 “被认为是……”，as/to be 后接身份、地位等名词。
It is recognised that...”：固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正主语为 that 引导的从句，意为 “人们认为……”。
参考答案：as；to be
注意：
“recognise” 无进行时态，表 “正在被认可” 需用被动语态（如 His work is being recognised）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
recognition / rek ɡ n n/n. 认识；承认；认可
搭配：
beyond recognition（变得完全认不出来）；
gain recognition（获得认可）
例：
The old town has changed beyond recognition after the renovation.
翻新后，这座老镇变得完全认不出来了。
recognisable / rek ɡna z bl/adj. 可辨认的
搭配：
a recognisable face（一张眼熟的脸）
例：
Even with a mask, his eyes are still recognisable.
即使戴了口罩，他的眼睛还是能认出来。
4. 即时巩固
This scientist’s research on climate change has finally been ________ (recognise) by the international academic community.（答案：recognised）
The small coastal village has changed beyond ____________ (recognize) since the opening of the high-speed railway.（答案：recognition）
The famous author wears a simple hat in public, hoping to buy books without __________ (recognize).（答案：being recognized）
Yuan Longping is recognized ___________ one of the most influential figures in global food security.（答案：as/to be）
___________________ (人们认为) protecting cultural heritage is of great significance for passing down traditional values.（答案：It is recognized that）
（四）admire / d ma (r)/vt. 钦佩；赞赏；欣赏
1. 经典例句
I admire her for her way of solving problems.
我因她解决问题的方法而钦佩她。
We stopped to admire the view from the top of the mountain.
我们停下来欣赏山顶的风景。
Everyone admires his courage to face difficulties.
所有人都钦佩他面对困难的勇气。
They admired the moon and ate mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.
中秋节他们一起赏月、吃月饼。
2. 用法小结
admire sb for (doing) sth：表 “钦佩、赞赏（人或行为）”，for 后接钦佩的原因（如品质、行为），doing sth 需用动名词形式。
admire sth：直接接宾语（如 view, moon, painting），表示 “欣赏某物”，不接介词。
为日常表达中常用搭配：
admire the moon 赏月
admire the architecture 欣赏建筑。
注意：
“admire” 为及物动词，后接宾语时无需加介词；
不可用于 “admire sb to do sth” 结构，表 “钦佩某人做某事” 需用 “admire sb for doing sth”。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
admirable / dm r bl/adj. 可钦佩的；值得赞赏的
搭配：
an admirable attitude 值得赞赏的态度；
admirable work 出色的工作
例：
Her dedication to helping the poor is admirable.
她致力于帮助穷人的精神令人钦佩。
admiration / dm re n/n. 钦佩；赞赏
搭配：
in/with admiration（钦佩地）；
express admiration for（表达对…… 的钦佩）
例：
The students looked at the teacher with admiration after her speech.
老师演讲后，学生们钦佩地看着她。
admiring / d ma r /adj. 赞赏的；钦佩的
搭配：
an admiring look 赞赏的目光
例：
She received admiring glances from the audience after her performance.
表演结束后，她收到了观众赞赏的目光。
4. 即时巩固
We all admire him ___________ devoting his spare time to teaching elderly people how to use smartphones.（答案：for）
The journalist expressed great ___________ (admire) for the volunteers who risked their lives to save wild animals in the disaster area.（答案：admiration）
As a matter of fact, the efforts she has made to promote cross-cultural communication are really ____________(admire).（答案：admirable）
All the visitors stood there，watching the artist paint the landscape __________ admiration.（答案：in/with）
We stood on the balcony for a few moments, ___________ (admire) the twinkling city lights at night.（答案：admiring）
（五）contact / k nt kt/vt. 联络；联系；n. 联系；接触
1. 经典例句
We forgot to exchange numbers — now we can't contact each other.
我们忘了交换号码，现在没法联系彼此了。
I have kept in contact with my former teachers since graduation.
毕业后我一直和以前的老师保持联系。
We are anxious to make contact with her to confirm the details.
我们急于和她取得联系确认细节。
I’d hate to lose contact with my college friends.
我不想和大学朋友失去联系。
2. 用法小结
vt.：联络、联系，直接接人作宾语
contact sb：作动词 “”
contact sb ________ + 方式：表示 “通过某种方式联系某人”，如 by phone, by email。
n.：联系、接触：
________ in contact with sb：保持联系
________ contact ________ sb：失去联系，contact 为不可数名词，无复数形式。
________ ________ contact with sb：取得联系，强调 “主动与某人建立联系”。
________ ________ contact with sb：有联系
________ ________ ________ contact with sb：无联系，描述当前联系状态。
参考答案：by；keep/stay；lose with；make/get into；be in；be out of
注意：
“contact” 作动词时，不可说 “contact with sb”，需直接接宾语；
作名词时，“in contact with” 中 in 不可换成 into。
3. 经典例句（补充）
Tim, where have you gone I’ve been trying to contact you all day.
蒂姆，你去哪了？我一整天都在试着联系你。
After moving to a new city, she soon got into contact with her old classmate.
搬到新城市后，她很快就和老同学取得了联系。
4. 即时巩固
Please do not hesitate to ______________ (与项目负责人联系）if you have any questions about the volunteer plan.（答案：contact the project director）
They have _______________ (保持联系）each other through online video calls even though they live in different continents.（答案：kept in contact with）
The research team finally _____________________ (取得联系) the expert in marine biology to ask for professional advice.（答案：made/got into contact with）
I_____________________ (与…… 有联系) several environmental organizations since I started paying attention to wildlife protection.（答案：have been in contact with）
二、核心名词
（一）arrangement / re nd m nt/n. 安排；筹备；布置
1. 经典例句
If you don’t want to regret, you’d better make arrangements for your future.
如果你不想后悔，最好为未来做安排。
We have come to an arrangement over the price of the product.
我们就产品价格达成了协议。
The arrangement of the meeting room makes it easy for everyone to see the screen.
会议室的布置让所有人都能轻松看到屏幕。
She told me about the arrangements for the company trip next month.
她跟我讲了下个月公司旅行的安排。
2. 用法小结
________ arrangements for sth：表 “为某事做安排、筹备”，arrangement 常用复数形式，for 后接安排的对象（如 trip, meeting）；“arrangements for sth” 表示 “关于某事的安排”
the arrangements ________ sth：某事的安排，作定语时需用所有格，如 the arrangements of the trip旅行的安排。
the arrangement of sth：事物的________，of 后接被布置的事物（如 furniture, room），arrangement 为可数名词，表 “某一处布置” 时用单数。
________ ________an arrangement (with sb) (over sth)：with表 “（与某人）达成协议”，over 后接协议涉及的内容（如 price, time）。
参考答案：make；of；come to ；布置、布局
注意：
“arrangement” 表 “多个安排” 时用复数，表 “单一布置或协议” 时用单数；“make an arrangement” 表示 “做一项安排”，需根据数量调整冠词。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
arrange / re nd /vi. & vt. 安排；筹备；整理
搭配：
arrange to do sth. 安排去做某事；
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事；
arrange for sth. 安排某事
例：
I arranged to meet her at the café at 3 p.m.
我安排下午 3 点在咖啡馆见她。
The company arranged for a car to pick up the guests.
公司安排了一辆车去接客人。
arranged / re nd d/adj. 安排好的；包办的
搭配：
an arranged marriage 包办婚姻；
arranged time 约定时间
例：
The arranged meeting was cancelled due to bad weather.
因天气恶劣，原定的会议取消了。
4. 即时巩固
The sudden heavy rain totally upset our _____________ (arrange) for the outdoor picnic and forced us to change the plan.（答案：arrangement）
They haven’t come to an arrangement ___________ the local community about the use of the public playground.（答案：with）
My boss arranged ___________ a professional translator to assist the foreign clients during the business negotiation.（答案：for）
She arranged __________ (attend) the international education forum in Shanghai next week but had to cancel due to illness.（答案：to attend）
We have made detailed ______________(arrangement) for the school’s 50th anniversary celebration, including a parade and a concert.（答案：arrangements）
（二）accommodation / k m de n/n. 住处；停留处；膳宿
1. 经典例句
From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest.
从那里出发，你将乘船一天前往森林中央的住处。
We need to book accommodation in advance during the National Day holiday.
国庆假期我们需要提前预订住宿。
The hotel provides free accommodation for the participants of the conference.
这家酒店为会议参与者提供免费住宿。
The accommodation in this small town is simple but clean and comfortable.
这个小镇的住处简单但干净舒适。
2. 用法小结
表 “旅行 / 短期停留的住处”：为________________名词，无复数形式，常用搭配前不加不定冠词
book accommodation 预订住宿
find accommodation 找到住处。
accommodation and meals：表 “膳宿（含食宿）”，多用于酒店、公司福利等场景。
________/ _______ accommodation ________/________ sb”：为某人提供住宿，for/to 后接住宿对象（如 guests, students）。
参考答案：不可数；provide / offer；for / to
注意：
“accommodation” 不可说 “an accommodation” 或 “accommodations”（部分美式英语中可表 “多种住宿”，但教材中统一为不可数）；
“accommodation” 后接地点时，用 “accommodation in + 地点”（如 accommodation in the hotel）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
accommodate / k m de t/vt. 为…… 提供住处；容纳；适应
搭配：
accommodate sb. 为某人提供住处；
accommodate a large number of people 容纳大量人口；
accommodate to sth. 适应某事
例：
The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家酒店最多可容纳 500 名客人。
It took her a while to accommodate to the new working environment.
她花了一段时间才适应新的工作环境。
accommodating / k m de t /adj. 乐于助人的；随和的
搭配：
an accommodating person（乐于助人的人）
例：
The staff in this hotel are very accommodating and always ready to help.
这家酒店的员工非常乐于助人，随时准备提供帮助。
4. 即时巩固
We strongly advise you to book _____________ in advance, as it is the peak tourist season now.
我们强烈建议您提前预订 住宿，因为现在是旅游旺季。
The new conference hall is large enough to _____________ up to 1,000 people.
新的会议厅足够大，可以容纳多达1000人。
The university will provide free _____________ for all the international students during the summer camp.
大学将为所有参加夏令营的国际学生免费 提供 住宿。
The hotel staff were very _____________ and allowed us a late check-out without any extra charge.
酒店工作人员非常乐于助人，允许我们延迟退房且不收取任何额外费用。
It took him a few weeks to _____________ to the fast-paced life in the metropolis.
他花了几个星期才适应大都市快节奏的生活。
Finding affordable _____________ in the city center is almost impossible for a student.
对学生来说，在市中心找到负担得起的住处几乎是不可能的。
参考答案
accommodation (考查不可数名词 "accommodation" 与动词 "book" 的搭配)
accommodate (考查动词 "accommodate" 表示“容纳”的用法)
accommodation; for (考查 "provide accommodation for sb" 的固定搭配，以及 "accommodation" 作不可数名词的用法)
accommodating (考查形容词 "accommodating" 的含义和用法)
accommodate (考查动词短语 "accommodate to sth"，表示“适应”)
accommodation (考查 "accommodation" 作为“住处”的通用不可数名词用法)
（三）view /vju /n. 视野；景色；看法；vt. 看待；观看
1. 经典例句
The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.
山顶的景色令人叹为观止。
In my view, it was a waste of time to argue with him.
在我看来，和他争论是浪费时间。
We had a friendly exchange of views on the project.
我们就这个项目友好地交换了看法。
If we view the problem from a different angle, a solution may become more obvious.
如果我们从不同角度看待这个问题，解决方案可能会更明显。
2. 用法小结
n.：视野、景色：
表 “视野范围”：描述物体是否可见
in view 在视线内
out of view 不在视野中
come into view 进入视野。
表 “看到的景色”：view 为可数名词
have a good view of sth 清晰看到某物
a view of + 景色”，表 “一处景色” 用单数（如 a view of the sea），。
n.：看法、观点：
表 “某人的观点”：
in one's view 在某人看来
one's view on/about sth 某人对某事的观点，view 常用复数 “views” 表 “多种观点”。
exchange views on sth：交换观点（views 用复数形式）。
vt.：看待、观看。view 为及物动词，直接接宾语
view...as...：将…… 视为……
view sth from...angle：从…… 角度看待某事。
注意：
“view” 作 “景色” 时，可数，侧重 “从某一位置看到的景象”；
“scenery” 侧重 “整体自然风光”，不可数，需区分使用。
3. 经典例句（补充）
As we turned the corner, the beautiful lake came into view.
我们拐过拐角，美丽的湖泊进入了视野。
She has a different view on how to educate children.
在如何教育孩子方面，她有不同的看法。
He viewed the opportunity as a chance to prove himself.
他把这个机会视为证明自己的契机。
4. 即时巩固
The old lighthouse soon came __________ view as our ship sailed closer to the coastal town.（答案：into）
Most young people view online learning __________ a convenient way to acquire new knowledge after work.（答案：as）
The documentary invites several scholars to share their views __________ the impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health.（答案：on/about）
We should consider the urban planning plan again ______________________________________________ (考虑到当地居民的实际需求).（答案：in view of the actual needs of local residents）
Although this old camera is not valuable, I cherish it very much. __________________(在我看来) , it carries the memories of my childhood.（答案：In my view）
When we climbed to the top of the TV tower,we ________________________________________________ (看得清整个城市的天际线).（答案：had a good view of the whole city's skyline）
（四）comment / k ment/n. 意见；评论；议论；vi. & vt. 发表意见；评论
1. 经典例句
The manager made no comment on my suggestion at the meeting.
经理在会议上对我的建议未作评论。
He commented that the two essays were rather similar.
他评论称这两篇文章非常相似。
She made helpful comments on my work.
她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。
So far Mr Cook has not commented on these reports.
到目前为止，库克先生尚未对这些报道发表评论。
2. 用法小结
n.：意见、评论：
make comments/a comment on/about sth：就某事发表评论，comment 为可数名词，“comments” 表 “多条评论”，“a comment” 表 “一条评论”。
make a comment that...：表 “评论内容”，that 后接评论的具体内容（同位语从句）。
no comment：无可奉告（为日常交际常用语）
without comment：不加评论（为日常交际常用语）
vi.：发表意见、评论：
comment on/upon sth：评论某事，on/upon 不可省略，后接评论对象（如 report, work）。
comment that...：评论称……，that 后接评论的内容（宾语从句）。
注意：“comment” 作动词时，无被动语态；
3. 词汇拓展及应用
commentary / k m ntri/n. 评论；解说词
搭配：
a sports commentary（体育赛事解说）；
a political commentary（政治评论）
例：
We listened to the commentary of the football match on the radio.
我们通过收音机听了这场足球赛的解说。
commentator / k m nte t (r)/n. 评论员；解说员
搭配：
a news commentator（新闻评论员）；
a sports commentator（体育解说员）
例：
The commentator analyzed the current economic situation in his program.
这位评论员在节目中分析了当前的经济形势。
4. 即时巩固
The famous actor was asked about his new movie but refused to comment __________ its plot to keep it a secret.（答案：on/upon）
The editor made helpful comments __________ the structure and language of the young writer’s novel.（答案：on/about/upon）
We are just _________________________(评论) how innovative the new design of the smartwatch is.（答案：commenting on/upon）
—Will the company launch a new product line next quarter —______________________(无可奉告)!（答案：No comment）
The research team handed in the final report ___________________ (不予评论) and waited for the expert group’s feedback.（答案：without comment）
（五）credit / kred t/n. 借款；信用；称赞；学分；vt. 认为是…… 的功劳
1. 经典例句
I paid for the new phone by credit card.
我用信用卡支付了这部新手机的费用。
The teacher gave credit to the students for their hard work.
老师称赞了学生们的努力。
You need to earn 120 credits to graduate from this university.
你需要获得 120 个学分才能从这所大学毕业。
People credit Edison with inventing the light bulb.
人们把发明电灯泡的功劳归于爱迪生。
2. 用法小结
n.：借款、信用：
credit card：信用卡，固定搭配，credit 不可用复数。
have good/bad credit：信用好 / 差，描述个人信用状况，credit 为不可数名词。
n.：称赞、学分：
give credit to sb for sth：因某事称赞某人，credit 为不可数名词。
表 “学分”：credit 为可数名词，表 “多个学分” 用复数
earn credits：获得学分
credits for a course：一门课程的学分。
v.：认为是…… 的功劳：
credit sb with sth：把某事归功于某人，with 后接功劳对应的事物（如 invention, success）。
credit sth to sb：把某事归功于某人，to 后接被归功的人。
注意：
“credit” 作 “学分” 时，仅用于教育场景；
作 “功劳” 时，“credit sb with sth” 和 “credit sth to sb” 可互换，如：
People credit Edison with inventing the bulb = People credit inventing the bulb to Edison。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
credible / kred bl/adj. 可信的；可靠的
搭配：
a credible story 可信的故事；
credible evidence 可靠的证据
例：
His explanation sounds credible, so we decided to believe him.
他的解释听起来可信，所以我们决定相信他。
credibility / kred b l ti/n. 可信度；可靠性
搭配：
lose credibility 失去可信度；
gain credibility获得可信度
例：
The newspaper lost credibility after it reported the false news.
这家报纸报道假新闻后失去了可信度。
credulous / kredj l s/adj. 轻信的；易受骗的
搭配：
a credulous person轻信的人
例：
She is too credulous and easily believes what others say.
她太轻信别人了，很容易相信别人说的话。
4. 即时巩固
More and more people prefer to pay by _____________ (credit) card when shopping on cross-border e-commerce platforms.（答案：credit）
The team's success in developing the new energy battery should be credited _____________ the joint efforts of researchers and engineers.（答案：to）
You can earn extra _____________ (credit) by participating in the university’s international exchange programs.（答案：credits）
His report on the local wildlife protection is not _____________ (credible) because it lacks specific data and field survey records.（答案：credible）
The politician's _____________ (credibility) has been damaged by his inconsistent statements on public health policies.（答案：credibility）
三、核心形容词 & 副词
（一）amazing / me z /adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
1. 经典例句
If you come to visit China, you can experience its amazing culture.
如果你来中国旅游，就能体验到它令人惊叹的文化。
It is amazing that he should have survived the big fire.
他竟然从那场大火中幸存下来，真是令人惊讶。
We watched an amazing magic show last night.
昨晚我们看了一场精彩的魔术表演。
The amazing scenery of the Grand Canyon attracts millions of tourists every year.
大峡谷令人惊叹的景色每年吸引数百万游客。
2. 用法小结
修饰对象：
表示属性“令人感到惊奇的、精彩的”，一般用于修饰 “事物、事件或场景”
一般不修饰人；修饰人表情绪需用 “amazed”（感到惊奇的）。
常见搭配：“amazing + 名词”（如 amazing view, amazing discovery），可作定语或表语（如 The show is amazing）。
固定句型：“It is amazing that...”，it 为形式主语，that 后接令人惊奇的事情（从句用陈述语气，可根据语境用不同时态）。
与 amazed 的区别：
“amazing”：通常修饰对象为物，表 “事物本身令人惊奇”（如 amazing news）。
“amazed”：主要的修饰对象为人，表 “人感到惊奇”，常用 “be amazed at/by sth”“be amazed to do sth”（如 I am amazed at the news）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
amaze / me z/vt. 使惊奇
搭配：
amaze sb.（使某人惊奇）；
be amazed by sb./sth.（被某人 / 某物使惊奇）
例：
His courage amazed everyone around him.
他的勇气让周围的人都很惊奇。
amazed / me zd/adj. 大为惊奇的（修饰人）
搭配：
be amazed at/by（对…… 感到惊奇）；
be amazed to do sth.（惊奇地做某事）
例：
I was amazed to hear that she had won the first prize.
听到她获得一等奖的消息，我很惊讶。
amazement / me zm nt/n. 惊奇；惊诧
搭配：
to one’s amazement 使某人大为惊奇的是；
in amazement 惊讶地
例：
To our amazement, the little boy solved the difficult math problem.
令我们惊奇的是，这个小男孩解出了这道难题。
4. 即时巩固
It is _________(amaze) that this small startup has developed such advanced AI technology in just two years.（答案：amazing）
Visitors are often _________ (amaze) to discover how much traditional craftsmanship has been preserved in this ancient town.（答案：amazed）
I'm amazed __________ (learn) that my former classmate has become a key researcher in the field of space exploration.（答案：to learn）
From his ___________ (amaze) expression，I knew Tom couldn't understand your __________(amaze) idea about using waste materials to make artworks.（答案：amazed; amazing）
The audience stared at the pianist in __________ (amaze) as she played the difficult piece flawlessly.（答案：amazement）
_________________________________ (令我惊讶的是), the 10-year-old girl was able to translate this English novel into Chinese by herself.（答案：To my amazement）
The little boy stood in silence and stared at the magician _______________________ (惊讶地) as the rabbit disappeared from the hat.（答案：in amazement）
（二）unique /ju ni k/adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的
1. 经典例句
The animal giant panda is unique to China.
大熊猫这种动物是中国特有的。
Everyone has a unique personality and way of thinking.
每个人都有独特的性格和思维方式。
This ancient building has a unique style that can’t be found elsewhere.
这座古建筑有着独特的风格，在其他地方找不到。
The opportunity to study abroad is unique—you shouldn’t miss it.
出国留学的机会是难得的，你不应该错过。
2. 用法小结
be unique to sth/sb：为…… 所特有，to 后接 “事物 / 人”，表示 “只有某物 / 某人拥有”，如：
Many abilities will cease to be unique to human beings.
许多能力将不再是人类独有的。
This particular dialect is unique to a few remote villages in the mountains.
这种特殊的方言仅为山区少数几个偏远村庄所独有。
表 “唯一的、独特的”：
表 “唯一的”：强调 “仅此一个”，不与 more, most, very, rather 等程度副词连用（如 This is the unique chance，不可说 This is a very unique chance）。
表 “独特的”：强调 “与众不同”，可与 rather, quite 等程度副词连用（如 a rather unique style, quite unique experience）。
修饰对象：可修饰 “事物、机会、风格、人” 等，如 unique style（独特风格）、unique opportunity（难得机会）。
注意：
“unique” 无比较级和最高级形式，不可说 “more unique” 或 “most unique”。
3. 用法提示
当 unique 表示 “唯一的” 时，不与 more, most 及 very, rather 等表示程度的副词连用；
当表示 “独特的” 时，可以与这些副词连用。
例：
This is a rather unique design.（这是一个相当独特的设计。）（√，表示 “独特的”，可与 rather 连用）
This is the very unique chance.（这是唯一的机会。）（×，表示 “唯一的”，不可与 very 连用，应改为 This is the only unique chance.）
4. 词汇拓展及应用
uniqueness /ju ni kn s/n. 唯一性；独特性
搭配：
the uniqueness of the culture 文化的独特性；
the uniqueness of the place 这个地方的独特之处
例：
We should protect the uniqueness of traditional handicrafts.
我们应该保护传统手工艺品的独特性。
5. 即时巩固
The traditional craft of making blue-and-white porcelain ____________________ (为…… 所特有) China.（答案：is unique to）
Actually, the challenge you are facing now _________________________ (不只是你有) — many young people have similar experiences.（答案：is not unique to you）
The _____________ (unique) of this coastal wetland lies in its role as a habitat for rare migratory birds.（答案：uniqueness）
（三）powerful / pa fl/adj. 强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的
1. 经典例句
This powerful computer can process large amounts of data quickly.
这台高性能的电脑能快速处理大量数据。
The president is the most powerful person in the country.
总统是这个国家最有权势的人。
His powerful speech inspired many people to join the volunteer team.
他有感染力的演讲激励很多人加入志愿者团队。
The powerful storm caused great damage to the coastal areas.
这场强风暴给沿海地区造成了巨大损失。
2. 用法小结
表 “强有力的（物体、自然现象）”：修饰 “机器、风暴、风” 等，强调 “力量大、强度高”，如：
powerful computer（高性能电脑）
powerful storm（强风暴）。
表 “有权势的（人、组织）”：修饰 “领导人、国家、机构” 等，强调 “有权力、有地位”，如：
powerful leader（有权势的领导人）
powerful country（强国）。
表 “有影响力的（言语、情感）”：修饰 “演讲、影响、情感” 等，强调 “有感染力、能产生深远影响”，如：
powerful speech（有感染力的演讲）
powerful influence（巨大影响）。
注意：
“powerful” 的反义词为 “powerless”（无能为力的），不可说 “unpowerful”。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
power / pa (r)/n. 力量；权力；电力；vt. 给…… 提供动力
搭配：
come to power（上台；掌权）
have the power to do sth.（有能力做某事）
power a car（为汽车提供动力）
例：
The new government came to power last month.
新政府上个月上台执政。
This car is powered by electricity.
这辆车是电动的。
powerfully / pa f li/adv. 强有力地；有影响力地
搭配：
speak powerfully（有说服力地演讲）；
affect sb. powerfully（对某人产生深远影响）
例：
His words affected me powerfully and changed my attitude towards life.
他的话对我产生了深远影响，改变了我对生活的态度。
powerless / pa l s/adj. 无能为力的；无影响力的
搭配：
feel powerless（感到无能为力）；
be powerless to do sth.（无力做某事）
例：
She felt powerless to help her friend in trouble.
她觉得无力帮助陷入困境的朋友。
4. 即时巩固
This new policy has dealt a _____________ (power) blow to illegal wildlife trade in the region.（答案：powerful）
The elephant grinds its food with its _____________ (power) molars (臼齿) to help with digestion.（答案：powerful）
The new leader __________________ (上台执政) last year and has launched a series of policies to promote rural development.（答案：came to power）
She spoke _____________ (power) at the environmental protection forum and called on more people to take action.（答案：powerfully）
We felt _____________ (power) when we heard that the historical building was going to be demolished due to urban renewal.（答案：powerless）
（四）extremely / k stri mli/adv. 极其；非常
1. 经典例句
Jiuzhaigou is an extremely beautiful place.
九寨沟是一个非常美丽的地方。
The journey to the remote village was extremely tiring, but we felt happy.
去偏远村庄的旅程非常累，但我们感到很开心。
2. 用法小结
修饰对象：用于修饰形容词或副词，表示 “程度极高”，相当于 “very” 但语气更强，可修饰 “褒义、贬义、中性” 形容词，如：
extremely beautiful,
extremely difficult,
extremely important。
位置：位于被修饰词之前，若修饰 “形容词 + 名词”，需放在形容词之前（如 extremely cold weather，不可说 cold extremely weather）。
常见搭配：“extremely + adj.”（如 extremely happy, extremely tired）、“extremely + adv.”（如 extremely well, extremely quickly）。
3. 词汇拓展及应用
extreme / k stri m/adj. 极端的；极度的；n. 极端；极端情况
搭配：
extreme weather（极端天气）；
extreme poverty（极度贫困）；
go to extremes（走极端）
例：
Extreme temperatures can be dangerous for the elderly.
极端温度对老年人来说可能很危险。
He often goes to extremes when making decisions.
他做决定时经常走极端。
extremism / k stri m z m/n. 极端主义
搭配：
political extremism（政治极端主义）
例：
The government is taking measures to fight against extremism.
政府正在采取措施打击极端主义。
extremist / k stri m st/n. 极端主义者；adj. 极端主义的
搭配：
a political extremist（政治极端主义者）；
extremist views（极端主义观点）
例：
His extremist views were not accepted by most people.
他的极端主义观点没有被大多数人接受。
4. 即时巩固
用extreme的合适形式填空
I'm _____________ sorry for forgetting to send you the meeting agenda on time.（答案：extremely）
She knows the history of this ancient city _____________ well because her grandfather was a local historian.（答案：extremely）
The small business is facing _____________ challenges due to the global supply chain disruption.（答案：extreme）
Some people hold _____________ views on the use of artificial intelligence in education.（答案：extreme）
We should avoid going to _____________ in pursuing success and neglect our physical health.（答案：extremes）
四、核心短语
（一）take control of 控制；接管
1. 经典例句
Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.
16 世纪西班牙控制了秘鲁，并统治到 1821 年。
The new manager will take control of the project next month.
新经理下个月将接管这个项目。
You need to take control of your time if you want to finish all the tasks.
如果你想完成所有任务，就需要掌控自己的时间。
The government took control of the factory to protect the environment.
为了保护环境，政府接管了这家工厂。
2. 用法小结
基本含义：“take control of” 表示 “获得对某物 / 某人的控制权” 或 “接管（组织、项目等）”，of 后接控制 / 接管的对象（如 country, project, time）。
相关短语（近义 / 反义）：
lose control (of sth)：失去（对……的）控制，of 后接失去控制的事物（如 car, temper），可用于 “lose control of one's temper”（发脾气）。
be in control of sth：掌管、管理，描述 “某人掌控某物” 的状态（如 She is in control of the team）。
under control：处于控制之下，用于 “bring sth under control”（使某物得到控制），主语多为 “问题、危险” 等（如 The fire was brought under control）。
注意：
“control” 为不可数名词，无复数形式；
“take control of” 不可说 “take the control of”，of 前不加冠词。
3. 经典例句（补充）
The driver lost control of the car on the wet road.
司机在湿滑的路面上失去了对汽车的控制。
She is in control of the marketing department of the company.
她掌管公司的市场部。
The fire was finally brought under control after three hours.
三小时后，火势终于得到了控制。
4. 即时巩固
The new CEO took control _____________ the company and immediately started to optimize the organizational structure.（答案：of）
He lost control _____________ his emotions when he heard the news that his team had won the national championship.（答案：of）
The research institute is now _____________ control of a renowned scientist who specializes in quantum computing.（答案：in）
The spread of the infectious disease is under _____________ (control) now thanks to the effective prevention measures.（答案：control）
After the accident, the traffic police took control _____________ the intersection to avoid traffic jams.（答案：of）
（二）other than 除…… 以外（不包括所除对象）
1. 经典例句
I don't know any other people in this city other than my colleagues.
在这座城市里，除了同事我不认识其他人。
The old man wanted to talk to nobody other than his grandson.
这位老人除了孙子之外，不想和任何人说话。
Other than a few small mistakes, his essay is perfect.
除了几个小错误，他的作文很完美。
He has no hobbies other than reading books in his free time.
除了在空闲时间看书，他没有其他爱好。
2. 用法小结
基本含义：“other than” 表示 “除…… 以外（不包括所提到的对象）”，相当于 “except”，后接名词、代词或从句（接从句时需加 that）。
常见搭配：
后接名词 / 代词：“other than + 名词 / 代词”（如 other than my friends, other than him），用于否定句或肯定句中表 “排除”。
后接从句：“other than that...”（如 Other than that he is shy, he is nice），that 不可省略。
固定表达：“no one other than”（除了…… 之外没有人）、“other than a few”（除了几个之外），为日常表达中常用结构。
与相似短语的区别：
other than：除…… 以外（不包括所提对象）
He has no friends other than me.（除了我，他没有其他朋友。）|
besides：除…… 以外（还包括所提对象）
Besides English, he can speak French and German.（除了英语，他还会说法语和德语。）——他会说英语、法语和德语
except for 除…… 以外（用于修正整体中的局部）
The room is clean except for a few dust spots.（除了几个灰尘斑点，房间很干净。）|
3. 即时巩固
She has no interests other _____________ collecting vintage postcards and studying local history.（答案：than）
Other _____________ organizing online lectures, the library also provides free digital resources for students.（答案：than）
_____________ (除了) a small error in the data analysis, his research report is highly praised by the experts.（答案：Other than）
（三）make up 构成；编造；化妆；弥补
1. 经典例句
Girls make up 60% of the students in our class.
女生占我们班学生总数的 60%。
He made up an excuse about being sick to avoid the meeting.
他编造了生病的借口来逃避会议。
She spent half an hour making up before the party.
她派对前花了半小时化妆。
He worked extra hours to make up for the time he lost due to illness.
他加班工作以弥补生病耽误的时间。
2. 用法小结
表 “构成、组成”：
主动形式：“A make up B”（A 构成 B），A 为组成部分，B 为整体（如 Girls make up 60% of the class）。
被动形式：“B be made up of A”（B 由 A 组成），B 为整体，A 为组成部分（如 The class is made up of 50 students）。
表 “编造（借口、故事）”：“make up + 名词”（如 make up an excuse, make up a story），强调 “虚构、捏造”，不与介词搭配。
表 “化妆”：“make up” 可单独使用（如 She is making up），或 “make up one's face”（如 She spent time making up her face），特指 “面部化妆”。
表 “弥补（损失、时间）”：“make up for + 名词”（如 make up for the time, make up for the loss），for 不可省略，后接弥补的对象。
注意：
“make up” 含义需根据语境判断，不同含义搭配不同，需重点区分 “make up”（化妆、编造）和 “make up for”（弥补）。
3. 经典例句（补充）
The committee is made up of experts from different fields.
这个委员会由来自不同领域的专家组成。
She made up a funny story to entertain the children.
她编了一个有趣的故事来逗孩子们开心。
We need to make up for the lost time by working harder.
我们需要通过更努力工作来弥补失去的时间。
4. 即时巩固
Members of the student union make up about 15% of the total student population in our school.（答案：make up）
She spent two hours making _____________ before the graduation ceremony, wearing a beautiful dress and light makeup.（答案：up）
We need to make up _____________ the missed lessons by having extra classes on weekends.（答案：for）
The actor was made _____________ (up) to look like an old farmer with gray hair and rough hands for the movie.（答案：up）
（四）check in /check out
1. 经典例句
You need to check in at the airport two hours before the flight takes off.
你需要在飞机起飞前两小时到机场办理登机手续。
We checked in at the hotel around 3 p.m. and then went to the nearby park.
我们下午 3 点左右在酒店登记入住，然后去了附近的公园。
They plan to check out of the hotel early tomorrow morning to catch the train.
他们计划明天一早结账离开酒店去赶火车。
The teacher asked us to check out the information before writing the report.
老师让我们写报告前核实信息。
2. 用法小结
check in：
表 “（在机场）办理登机手续”：“check in at the airport”，后接地点 “at + 机场”，可加宾语 “check in one's luggage”（托运行李）。
表 “（在酒店）登记入住”：“check in at the hotel”，后接地点 “at + 酒店”，可用于 “check in early/late”（早 / 晚入住）。
check out：
表 “（在酒店）结账离开”：“check out of the hotel”，of 不可省略，后接地点 “of + 酒店”，可用于 “check out by + 时间”（在某时间前退房）。
表 “核实、查证”：“check out + 名词”（如 check out the information, check out the schedule），后接核实的对象，无被动语态。
注意：
“check in” 和 “check out” 均为不及物短语，接地点时需加介词（in 接 at，out 接 of）；
表 “核实” 时 “check out” 为及物短语，直接接宾语。
3. 经典例句（补充）
He checked in his luggage and then went to the departure lounge.
他托运行李后去了候机室。
Before leaving the apartment, we need to check out the electricity and water.
离开公寓前，我们需要检查水电。
The hotel requires guests to check out by noon.
这家酒店要求客人中午前结账离开。
4. 即时巩固
Please check _____________ at the hotel front desk before 11 a.m., or you will be charged for an extra half day.（答案：out）
She checked _____________ her suitcase containing scientific equipment and then went to the airport’s VIP lounge.（答案：in）
We need to check _____________ the authenticity of the historical documents before using them in the research paper.（答案：out）
They checked _____________ of the eco-resort early in the morning and headed for the nearby national park for a hike.（答案：out）
The tour guide asked us to check _____________ our passports and flight tickets again before we left for the airport.（答案：in）
五、单元词汇回顾
My Travel Planning Journey
I started to make travel arrangements. First, I need to apply for a visa and book a flight. I must check every detail of the application, which is an official request.
我开始做旅行安排。首先，我需要申请签证并预订航班。我必须检查这份正式要求的每一个细节。
Next, I contacted a travel agency. They sent me a brochure for a package tour, which included accommodation and transport. I decided to rent a flat; the rent is reasonable and good for my economy. I paid with my credit card.
接着，我联系了一家旅行社。他们给我寄了一本包价旅游的宣传手册，其中包含了住宿和交通。我决定租一套公寓；租金合理，对我的经济情况很有利。我用信用卡支付。
I began to pack my bag. My destination is unique. The path there is narrow but leads to a flat mountaintop with an amazing view. I was amazed by the sight and couldn't wait to hike there.
我开始收拾我的行李。我的目的地很独特。通往那里的小路很狭窄，但通向一个平坦的山顶，那里的景色令人惊叹。我对这景象感到惊喜，迫不及待想去那里远足。
This area was once the center of a powerful empire, ruled by an emperor. On the site, archaeologists unearthed a tomb and a statue. They recognise this finding as a key source for studying an ancient civilisation, and I read their comments with great interest.
这个地区曾是一个强大的帝国的中心，由一位皇帝统治。在遗址上，考古学家发掘出了一座坟墓和一尊雕像。他们承认这一发现是研究一个古代文明的关键来源，我饶有兴趣地阅读了他们的评论。
Other than admiring the natural view, I also admire the local architecture. The architect was brilliant. I will check in at the hotel soon and check out in two days. This journey will make up an unforgettable memory.
除了欣赏自然景色，我也很钦佩当地的建筑。那位建筑设计师非常出色。我很快将在酒店办理入住，并于两天后结账离开。这次旅程将构成一段难忘的回忆。
首字母填空练习
I need to a______ for a visa to travel abroad.
The flight and a______ were included in the package tour.
He decided to r______ a flat near the city center.
She used her c______ c______ to book the flight online.
Please check every d______ of the contract before you sign it.
We will c______ i______ at the hotel at 3 PM and c______ o______ two days later.
I sent an email to c______ the travel agency for more information.
This ancient t______ was u______ by archaeologists last year.
The local a______ is amazing, especially the old castle.
The powerful e______ was once ruled by a wise e______.
This custom makes up an important part of our c______.
The path became very n______ as we climbed up the mountain.
I really a______ your patience and hard work.
The view from the top of the mountain is a______.
We are going on a h______ in the mountains this weekend.
参考答案
apply accommodation rent
credit card detail check in; check out
contact tomb; unearthed architecture
empire; emperor civilisation narrow
admire amazing hike

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