资源简介

(共51张PPT)
Unit 4 Hands-on fun
八年级
译林版2024
上
单词解析二
1.mess (名词)杂乱、不整洁
[用法讲解]mess还可为动词，译为“弄乱、干涉”。
Eg: The room was a mess after the party.
聚会后，房间一片狼藉。
Don't mess up the documents on my desk.
别把我桌子上的文件弄乱了。
You'd better not mess in the affairs of others.
你最好不要干涉他人的事情。
[常见搭配] in a mess处于混乱之中
make a mess of ...把...弄得一团糟
clean up a mess把东西清理干净
Eg: The local economy is now in a mess.
当地的经济现在很混乱。
She made a mess of the presentation by forgetting her notes.
她忘了带笔记，把演讲搞得一团糟。
It took hours to clean up the mess left by the storm.
花了几个消失把风暴留下的狼藉收拾干净。
[即学即用]
不要把办公室弄得很乱。
Don't leave the office ______ ______ ______.
in a mess
2.lamp (名词) 灯
[用法讲解] lamp为可数名词，其复数形式为lamps.
Eg: I need to buy a new lamp for my bedroom.
我需要为我的卧室买一盏新灯。
[常见搭配]desk lamp台灯
street lamp路灯
Eg: I need a desk lamp to read at night.
我需要一盏台灯来晚上阅读。
The street lamp illuminated the dark road.
路灯照亮了黑暗的道路。
[即学即用]
She lit the _______(灯) to read a book.
lamp
3.catch one's eye引起某人注意
Eg: The bright colors of the painting caught my eye immediately.
那幅画的鲜艳色彩立刻吸引了我的注意。
[用法讲解] catch为动词，译为“赶上、抓住、接住、感染、理解”等，其过去式为caught。
Eg: We caught the early bus at last.
最后我们赶上了早班车。
The police caught the thief.
警察抓住了小偷。
She caught the ball with her left hand.
她用左手接住了球。
I caught a cold last week.
上周我感冒了。
I caught your meaning.
我理解了你的意思。
[常见搭配] catch sight of看到、发现
catch up with追上、赶上
catch a glimpse of ... 瞥见、一眼看到
Eg: I caught sight of him in the crowd.
我在人群中认出了他。
The dog caught up with the rabbit.
狗追上了兔子。
I caught a glimpse of the person who robbed the bank.
我瞥见抢劫银行的人。
[即学即用]
当她在街上走时，橱窗里的一件漂亮连衣裙吸引了她的注意。
While walking down the street, a beautiful dress in the ship window_______________.
caught her eye
4.surprise (动词)使惊奇、使感到意外
[用法讲解]surprise在此处为名词，译为“惊喜、惊讶”;surprise还可为动词，译为“使惊讶”。
[常见搭配]to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是
in surprise惊讶地
surprise sb. with sth.以某事引发惊讶
surprise sb. by doing sth.通过某种行为使某人惊讶
Eg: To my surprise, all the questions were different.
令我吃惊的是，所有的问题都不一样。
He looked at me in surprise.
他惊讶地看着我。
She surprised him with a handmade gift.
她用手工礼物让他惊喜。
He surprised everyone by quitting his job.
他通过辞职让所有人惊讶。
[派生词]surprising为形容词，译为‘令人惊奇的”，常常用来修饰物;
surprised为形容词，译为“感到吃惊的”，常常用来修饰人。
[常见搭配]be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶
be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊讶
Eg: I was surprised at how quickly he finished the project.
我对他这么快完成项目感到惊讶。
She was surprised to win the prize.
她对自己获奖感到非常惊讶。
To my surprise, she passed the exam easily.
令我惊讶的是，她轻松地通过了考试。
[即学即用]
令我吃惊的是，他这么容易就通过了考试。
_____ ______ _______, he passed the exam easily.
To my surprise
5.impossible (形容词)不可能的
[用法讲解] impossible在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg:It's an impossible task.
这是一项不可能完成的任务。(作定语)
It's impossible for me to finish the work in one day.
我一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。(作表语)
[常见搭配]it is impossible to do sth.做某事是不可能的
find it impossible to do sth.发现做某事是不可能的
impossible for sb.对某人来说是不可能的
Nothing is impossible 一切皆有可能
Eg: It's impossible to count all the stars in the sky.
数清天空中所有的星星是不可能的。
I find it impossible to wake up early on weekends.
我发现周末早起是不可能的。
This math problem is impossible for me.
这道数学题对我来说是不可能的。
[派生词]possible为形容词，译为“可能的”;
impossibility为名词，译为“不可能性”;
impossibly为副词，译为“不可能地”。
Eg: It is possible for us to solve this problem.
对于我们来说解决这个问题是可能的。
The impossibility of traveling faster than light is a well - known fact in physics.
以超过光速的速度旅行是不可能的，这是物理学中一个众所周知的事实。
He walked impossibly slowly, as if every step was a great effort.
他走得慢得难以置信，好像每走一步都要费很大的力气。
[即学即用]
1.This job is very difficult. It is____________(possible) for beginner.
( )2. It's impossible______ me ______this work in one day.
A.for; finishingB. for; to finish
C. of; finishingD. of; to finish
impossible
B
6.nearly (副词)几乎、差不多、将近
[用法讲解] nearly在句中常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
Eg: I nearly missed the bus.我差点没赶上公交车。(修饰动词miss)
This book is nearly as thick as that one.
这本书几乎和那本一样厚。(修饰形容词thick)
He ran nearly as fast as a professional athlete.
他跑得几乎和专业运动员一样快。(修饰副词 fast)
Nearly everyone in the class passed the exam.
班上几乎每个人都通过了考试。(修饰句子)
[常见搭配] nearly full几乎满了
nearly a year将近一年
nearly finish doing sth.几乎完成做某事
nearly impossible几乎不可能
Eg: The theater is nearly full. There are only a few seats left.
剧院几乎满了，只剩下几个座位了。
I haven't seen my old friend for nearly a year.
我已经将近一年没见到我的老朋友了。
I nearly finished reading the novel.
我几乎读完这本小说了。
It's nearly impossible to solve this problem in such a short time.
在这么短的时间内解决这个问题几乎是不可能的。
[派生词]near为形容词，译为“近的”;也可为介词，译为“在.…附近”。
Eg: I live near the school.
我住在学校附近。
The park is near the lake.
公园在湖附近。
[即学即用]
________(near) 100 people attended the meeting.
Nearly
7.can (名词)金属容器、塑料容器
[用法讲解] can为名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为cans;can也可以为情态动词，译为“能、可以”等;常用来表示具有某种能力，此时无人称和数的变化。
Eg: There is only one can of meat left.
只剩下一罐肉了。
[常见搭配]can/ can't do sth.能/不能做某事
can only...只能、只好
a can of ...一罐/一听...
Eg: I can do my homework by myself.
我可以自己做作业。
I can only wait.
我只能等。
Please give a can of cola.
请给我一听可乐。
[即学即用]
她走进露台饭店，去要一听咖啡。
She went into the Terrace and asked for_______________.
a can of coffee
8.everywhere(副词/代词)到处
[用法讲解] everywhere在句中常作状语。
Eg: I looked everywhere for my keys, but I couldn't find them.
我到处找我的钥匙，但就是找不到。
There are beautiful flowers everywhere in the garden.
花园里到处是美丽的花朵。
[常见搭配]everywhere you go无论你走到哪里
from everywhere从各地
Eg:You'll beautiful scenery everywhere you go.
无论你走到哪里，都会看到美丽的风景。
People came from everywhere to attend the conference.
人们从各地赶来参加会议。
[即学即用]
1.She dreams of traveling____________and seeing different cultures.
everywhere
9.chalk (名词) 粉笔
[用法讲解] chalk在表示不同颜色的粉笔时为可数名词，其复数形式为chalks;chalk在表示粉笔这种物质时为不可数名词;chalk还可为动词，译为“用粉笔写”。
Eg: The children drew with colored chalks.
孩子们用彩色粉笔画画。
He chalked his name on the wall.
他在墙上用粉笔写下了自己的名字。
[常见搭配]a piece of chalk一根粉笔
a box of chalk一盒粉笔
chalk sth. up (to sth./ sb.) 把...归因于(某事/某人)
chalk sth. down记录下某事
chalk pieces粉笔头
Eg: I need a piece of chalk to write on the blackboard.
我需要一根粉笔在黑板上写字。
The teacher bought a box of chalk for the class.
老师为班级买了一盒粉笔。
We chalked up our success to hard work and good teamwork.
我们把成功归因于努力工作和良好的团队合作。
The coach chalked down the scores of each player.
教练记录下了每个球员的得分。
Let's collect all the chalk pieces.
我们把所有粉笔头收集起来吧。
[即学即用]
The students used different coloured________ (chalk) to draw.
chalks
10.mark(名词) 标记、分数
[用法讲解]mark为可数名词，其复数形式为marks，还可译为“痕迹”;mark还可为动词，译为“做标记、评分、留下痕迹”等。
Eg: The book has some interesting marks in the margins.
这本书的页边有一些有趣的标记。
He got full marks in the math test.
他在数学考试中得了满分。
There's a dirty mark on your shirt.
你衬衫上有个脏印字。
Please mark the important points in the text.
请在课文中标记出重点。
The teacher will mark our homework tomorrow.
老师明天会给我们的作业打分。
The rain marked the walls with stains.
雨水在墙上留下了污渍。
[常见搭配] a good/ bad/ high/ low mark好的/坏的/高的/低的分数
mark sth. down记录下某事/降低价格
mark sth. up提高价格
mark sth. out划出...的界限
Eg: She got a good mark in the English exam.
她在英语考试中取得了好成绩。
Mark down the important dates in your calendar.
在你的日历上记录下重要日期。
The shopkeeper marked up the prices of all the goods.
店主提高了所有商品的价格。
They marked out a new playground in the school.
他们在学校里划出了一个新操场。
[即学即用]
Please make a ________(标记)where you stopped reading.
mark
11.brush (名词)刷子、画笔
[用法讲解] brush为可数名词，其复数形式为 brushes，还可译为“轻擦”;brush还可为动词，译为“刷、擦、掠过、轻微接触”。
Eg: I need a new brush to clean my shoes.
我需要一把新刷子来清洁我的鞋子。
He had a narrow brush with death.
他差点就死了，与死神擦身而过。
She brushes her hair every morning.
她每天早上都梳头。
The bird brushed the top of the tree.
鸟儿掠过树梢。
The car brushed the wall as it turned the corner.
汽车转弯时擦到了墙。
[常见搭配]a shoe - brush鞋刷
a make - up brush化妆刷
brush sth.away擦去、扫去、赶走
brush sth. off轻描淡写地对待、擦去(灰尘等)
brush up on sth.复习、温习
Eg: Keep a shoe - brush handy to clean your shoes.
准备一把鞋刷，方便清洁你的鞋子。
She has a set of make - up brushes.
她有一套化妆刷。
Brush the crumbs away from the table.
把桌子上的面包屑擦去。
Brush the flies away from the food.
把苍蝇从食物上赶走。
He brushed off my concerns about the project.
他对我对这个项目的担忧轻描淡写地一带而过。
Brush the snow off your coat.
把你外套上的雪擦去。
I need to brush up on my French before the trip.
旅行前我需要复习一下我的法语。
[派生词] brushed为形容词，译为“经过刷毛处理的”;
Eg: The brushed fabric feels soft and comfortable.
这种经过刷毛处理织物摸起来柔软舒适。
[即学即用]
He picked his some _________ (brush) and palette.
brushes
12.instructions(名词)用法说明
[用法讲解]instructions为instruction的复数形式，但通常使用复数形式。

Eg: Please read the instructions carefully before using the machine.
在使用机器前，请仔细阅读说明。
The boss gave clear instructions about the new project.
老板对新项目给出了明确的指示。
[常见搭配]follow the instructions 按照说明操作
give instructions给出指示、下达命令
a set of instructions一套指示，一套说明
Eg: It's important to follow the doctor's instructions when taking medicine.
服药时遵循医生的指示很重要。
The teacher gave us clear instructions on how to complete the project.
老师给了我们如何完成这个项目的明确指示。
The software comes; with a set of instructions in different languages.
这款软件配有不同语言的一套使用说明。
[即学即用]
The teacher provided clear____________(instruction) for the assignment.
instructions
13.dangerous (形容词)危险的
[用法讲解]dangerous在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
Eg: Tiger is a dangerous animal.
老虎是一种危险的动物。
The traffic here is very dangerous for children.
这里的交通对孩子很危险。
[派生词] danger为名词，译为“危险”。
[常见搭配] in danger处于危险中
in danger of ... 有...的危险
Eg: This kind of animal is in danger.
这种动物处于危险中。
He is in danger of losing his life.
他有生命危险。
[对应词] safe为形容词，译为“安全的”。
Eg: The house is not safe from theft.
这个房子不安全，容易遭窃。
[即学即用]
Being a firefighter is a_____________(danger) job.
dangerous
14.usual(形容词)通常的、寻常的
[用法讲解]usual在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: This is not the usual way to solve the problem.
这不是解决这个问题的通常方法。(作定语)
It's usual for me to wake up early.
我早起是通常的事。(作表语)
[常见搭配]as usual像平常一样、照例
the usual 平常的、惯常的事物
Eg: As usual, he was late for the meeting.
像平常一样，他开会迟到了。
I'll have the usual, please.
请给我来份平常的。
Let's do something different instead of the usual.
我们做点不一样的，而不是平常做的事。
[派生词]usually为副词，译为“通常”;
unusual为形容词，译为“不寻常的”。
Eg: We usually have dinner at seven o'clock.
我们通常七点钟吃晚饭。
This is an unusual journey.
这是一次不寻常的旅行。
[即学即用]
1.It’s my _________ (usually) routine to go for a walk in the morning.
2.像往常一样，妈妈为我准备了一顿美味的早餐。
____________, my mother prepared a delicious breakfast for me.
usual
As usual
15.tie- dye(动词)扎染(织物)
[用法讲解] tie -dye还可为名词，译为“扎染(织物)”。
Eg: They tie - dyed some shirts for the festival.
他们为节日扎染了一些衬衫。
She learned the traditional tie-dye techniques.
她学习了传统的扎染工艺。
[即学即用]
To ________(扎染), you need to first use tools to tie, sew, or clip your cloth.
tie-dye
16.method (名词)方法
[用法讲解] method为可数名词，其复数形式为 methods.
Eg: Scientists use different methods to conduct experiments.
科学家使用不同的方法进行实验。
[常见搭配]method of doing sth.做某事的方法
apply a method应用一种方法
Eg: We need to find a better method of learning English.
我们需要找到一种更好的学习英语的方法。
The researcher applied a new method to analyze the data.
研究人员应用了一种新的方法来分析数据。
[即学即用]
The m________ of cooking this dish is quite simple.
做这道菜的方法很简单。
ethod
17.not only .. but also...不仅...而且...
[用法讲解]not only... but also...常用来连接两个并列的名词、动词、形容词、副词或句子。
注意:not only... but also作主语时，谓语动词需用“临近原则”。
Eg: She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer.
她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。
He not only plays the guitar but also writes his own songs.
他不仅会弹吉他，还会自己写歌。
This book is not only interesting but also educational.
这本书不仅有趣，还很有教育意义。
She speaks English not only fluently but also accurately.
她英语说得不仅流利，还很准确。
Not only did he finish his homework early, but also he helped his sister with hers.
他不仅早早完成了作业，还帮妹妹完成了她得作业。
[即学即用]
Not only the teacher but also the students______ (be) excited.
are
18.twist (动词)使扭曲、使弯曲
[用法讲解] twist为动词时，还可译为“歪曲、曲解”;twist还可为名词，译为“扭转、转折处、情节得转折”。
Eg: She twisted the knob to open the door.
她转动把手打开了门。
The road twisted through the mountains.
道路蜿蜒穿过群山。
Don't twist my words. I meant exactly what I said.
别歪曲我的话，我说的就是那个意思。
With a quick twist, he opened the bottle.
他快速一扭，打开了瓶子。
We came to a twist in the river.
我们到了河流的转弯处。
The movie has an unexpected twist at the end.
这部电影结尾有个意想不到的情节转折。
[常见搭配]twist one's body扭动身体
twist sth. into形状把某物扭成某种形状
twist the truth歪曲事实
a sharp twist个急剧的转折、一个急转弯
twist and turn迂回曲折
Eg: She twisted her body to look behind.
她转动身体看向后面。
He twisted the wire into a circle.
他把铁丝扭成一个圆圈。
It's unfair to twist the truth to suit you own purposes.
为了自己的目的歪曲事实是不公平的。
The car took a sharp twist on the icy road.
汽车在结冰的路上来了个急转弯。
The plot of the novel has a sharp twist.
这部小说的情节有一个急剧的转折。
The river twists and turns through the valley.
河流在山谷中蜿蜒流淌。
[即学即用]
It________ my ankle while playing basketball.
twisted
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Unit 4 Hands-on fun 单词解析二
1.mess (名词)杂乱、不整洁
[用法讲解] mess还可为动词，译为“弄乱、干涉”。
Eg: The room was a mess after the party.
聚会后，房间一片狼藉。
Don't mess up the documents on my desk.
别把我桌子上的文件弄乱了。
You'd better not mess in the affairs of others.
你最好不要干涉他人的事情。
[常见搭配] in a mess处于混乱之中
make a mess of ...把...弄得一团糟
clean up a mess 把东西清理干净
Eg: The local economy is now in a mess.
当地的经济现在很混乱。
She made a mess of the presentation by forgetting her notes.
她忘了带笔记，把演讲搞得一团糟。
It took hours to clean up the mess left by the storm.
花了几个消失把风暴留下的狼藉收拾干净。
[即学即用]
不要把办公室弄得很乱。
Don't leave the office ______ ______ ______.
答案: in a mess
2.lamp (名词) 灯
[用法讲解] lamp为可数名词，其复数形式为 lamps.
Eg: I need to buy a new lamp for my bedroom.
我需要为我的卧室买一盏新灯。
[常见搭配] desk lamp 台灯
street lamp 路灯
Eg: I need a desk lamp to read at night.
我需要一盏台灯来晚上阅读。
The street lamp illuminated the dark road.
路灯照亮了黑暗的道路。
[即学即用]
She lit the _______(灯) to read a book.
答案:lamp
3.catch one's eye引起某人注意
Eg: The bright colors of the painting caught my eye immediately.
那幅画的鲜艳色彩立刻吸引了我的注意。
[用法讲解] catch为动词，译为“赶上、抓住、接住、感染、理解”等，其过去式为caught。
Eg: We caught the early bus at last.
最后我们赶上了早班车。
The police caught the thief.
警察抓住了小偷。
She caught the ball with her left hand.
她用左手接住了球。
I caught a cold last week.
上周我感冒了。
I caught your meaning.
我理解了你的意思。
[常见搭配] catch sight of看到、发现
catch up with追上、赶上
catch a glimpse of ... 瞥见、一眼看到
Eg: I caught sight of him in the crowd.
我在人群中认出了他。
The dog caught up with the rabbit.
狗追上了兔子。
I caught a glimpse of the person who robbed the bank.
我瞥见抢劫银行的人。
[即学即用]
当她在街上走时，橱窗里的一件漂亮连衣裙吸引了她的注意。
While walking down the street, a beautiful dress in the ship window_______________.
答案:caught her eye
4.surprise (动词)使惊奇、使感到意外
[用法讲解]surprise在此处为名词，译为“惊喜、惊讶”;surprise还可为动词，译为“使惊讶”。
[常见搭配] to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是
in surprise 惊讶地
surprise sb. with sth.以某事引发惊讶
surprise sb. by doing sth.通过某种行为使某人惊讶
Eg: To my surprise, all the questions were different.
令我吃惊的是，所有的问题都不一样。
He looked at me in surprise.
他惊讶地看着我。
She surprised him with a handmade gift.
她用手工礼物让他惊喜。
He surprised everyone by quitting his job.
他通过辞职让所有人惊讶。
[派生词]surprising为形容词，译为‘ 令人惊奇的”，常常用来修饰物;
surprised为形容词，译为“感到吃惊的”，常常用来修饰人。
[常见搭配]be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊讶
Eg: I was surprised at how quickly he finished the project.
我对他这么快完成项目感到惊讶。
She was surprised to win the prize.
她对自己获奖感到非常惊讶。
To my surprise, she passed the exam easily.
令我惊讶的是，她轻松地通过了考试。
[即学即用]
令我吃惊的是，他这么容易就通过了考试。
_____ ______ _______, he passed the exam easily.
答案:To my surprise
5.impossible (形容词)不可能的
[用法讲解] impossible在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg:It's an impossible task.
这是一项不可能完成的任务。(作定语)
It's impossible for me to finish the work in one day.
我一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。(作表语)
[常见搭配] it is impossible to do sth.做某事是不可能的
find it impossible to do sth.发现做某事是不可能的
impossible for sb. 对某人来说是不可能的
Nothing is impossible 一切皆有可能
Eg: It's impossible to count all the stars in the sky.
数清天空中所有的星星是不可能的。
I find it impossible to wake up early on weekends.
我发现周末早起是不可能的。
This math problem is impossible for me.
这道数学题对我来说是不可能的。
[派生词]possible为形容词，译为“可能的”;
impossibility为名词，译为“不可能性”;
impossibly为副词，译为“不可能地”。
Eg: It is possible for us to solve this problem.
对于我们来说解决这个问题是可能的。
The impossibility of traveling faster than light is a well - known fact in physics.
以超过光速的速度旅行是不可能的，这是物理学中一个众所周知的事实。
He walked impossibly slowly, as if every step was a great effort.
他走得慢得难以置信，好像每走一步都要费很大的力气。
[即学即用]
1.This job is very difficult. It is____________(possible) for beginner.
( )2. It's impossible______ me ______this work in one day.
A.for; finishing B. for; to finish
C. of; finishing D. of; to finish
答案: 1.impossible 2.B
6.nearly (副词)几乎、差不多、将近
[用法讲解] nearly在句中常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
Eg: I nearly missed the bus.我差点没赶上公交车。(修饰动词miss)
This book is nearly as thick as that one.
这本书几乎和那本一样厚。(修饰形容词thick)
He ran nearly as fast as a professional athlete.
他跑得几乎和专业运动员一样快。(修饰副词 fast)
Nearly everyone in the class passed the exam.
班上几乎每个人都通过了考试。(修饰句子)
[常见搭配] nearly full几乎满了
nearly a year将近一年
nearly finish doing sth.几乎完成做某事
nearly impossible几乎不可能
Eg: The theater is nearly full. There are only a few seats left.
剧院几乎满了，只剩下几个座位了。
I haven't seen my old friend for nearly a year.
我已经将近一年没见到我的老朋友了。
I nearly finished reading the novel.
我几乎读完这本小说了。
It's nearly impossible to solve this problem in such a short time.
在这么短的时间内解决这个问题几乎是不可能的。
[派生词] near为形容词，译为“近的”;也可为介词，译为“在.…附近”。
Eg: I live near the school.
我住在学校附近。
The park is near the lake.
公园在湖附近。
[即学即用]
________(near) 100 people attended the meeting.
答案: Nearly
7.can (名词)金属容器、塑料容器
[用法讲解] can为名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为cans;can也可以为情态动词，译为“能、可以”等;常用来表示具有某种能力，此时无人称和数的变化。
Eg: There is only one can of meat left.
只剩下一罐肉了。
[常见搭配] can/ can't do sth. 能/不能做某事
can only... 只能、只好
a can of ... 一罐/一听...
Eg: I can do my homework by myself.
我可以自己做作业。
I can only wait.
我只能等。
Please give a can of cola.
请给我一听可乐。
[即学即用]
她走进露台饭店，去要一听咖啡。
She went into the Terrace and asked for_______________.
答案: a can of coffee
8.everywhere(副词/代词)到处
[用法讲解] everywhere在句中常作状语。
Eg: I looked everywhere for my keys, but I couldn't find them.
我到处找我的钥匙，但就是找不到。
There are beautiful flowers everywhere in the garden.
花园里到处是美丽的花朵。
[常见搭配] everywhere you go 无论你走到哪里
from everywhere 从各地
Eg: You'll beautiful scenery everywhere you go.
无论你走到哪里，都会看到美丽的风景。
People came from everywhere to attend the conference.
人们从各地赶来参加会议。
[即学即用]
1.She dreams of traveling____________and seeing different cultures.
答案:everywhere
9.chalk (名词) 粉笔
[用法讲解] chalk在表示不同颜色的粉笔时为可数名词，其复数形式为chalks;chalk在表示粉笔这种物质时为不可数名词;chalk还可为动词，译为“用粉笔写”。
Eg: The children drew with colored chalks.
孩子们用彩色粉笔画画。
He chalked his name on the wall.
他在墙上用粉笔写下了自己的名字。
[常见搭配] a piece of chalk 一根粉笔
a box of chalk 一盒粉笔
chalk sth. up (to sth./ sb.) 把...归因于(某事/某人)
chalk sth. down 记录下某事
chalk pieces 粉笔头
Eg: I need a piece of chalk to write on the blackboard.
我需要一根粉笔在黑板上写字。
The teacher bought a box of chalk for the class.
老师为班级买了一盒粉笔。
We chalked up our success to hard work and good teamwork.
我们把成功归因于努力工作和良好的团队合作。
The coach chalked down the scores of each player.
教练记录下了每个球员的得分。
Let's collect all the chalk pieces.
我们把所有粉笔头收集起来吧。
[即学即用]
The students used different coloured________ (chalk) to draw.
答案:chalks
10.mark(名词) 标记、分数
[用法讲解] mark为可数名词，其复数形式为marks，还可译为“痕迹”;mark还可为动词，译为“做标记、评分、留下痕迹”等。
Eg: The book has some interesting marks in the margins.
这本书的页边有一些有趣的标记。
He got full marks in the math test.
他在数学考试中得了满分。
There's a dirty mark on your shirt.
你衬衫上有个脏印字。
Please mark the important points in the text.
请在课文中标记出重点。
The teacher will mark our homework tomorrow.
老师明天会给我们的作业打分。
The rain marked the walls with stains.
雨水在墙上留下了污渍。
[常见搭配] a good/ bad/ high/ low mark好的/坏的/高的/低的分数
mark sth. down 记录下某事/降低价格
mark sth. up 提高价格
mark sth. out 划出...的界限
Eg: She got a good mark in the English exam.
她在英语考试中取得了好成绩。
Mark down the important dates in your calendar.
在你的日历上记录下重要日期。
The shopkeeper marked up the prices of all the goods.
店主提高了所有商品的价格。
They marked out a new playground in the school.
他们在学校里划出了一个新操场。
[即学即用]
Please make a ________(标记)where you stopped reading.
答案: mark
11.brush (名词)刷子、画笔
[用法讲解] brush为可数名词，其复数形式为 brushes，还可译为“轻擦”;brush还可为动词，译为“刷、擦、掠过、轻微接触”。
Eg: I need a new brush to clean my shoes.
我需要一把新刷子来清洁我的鞋子。
He had a narrow brush with death.
他差点就死了，与死神擦身而过。
She brushes her hair every morning.
她每天早上都梳头。
The bird brushed the top of the tree.
鸟儿掠过树梢。
The car brushed the wall as it turned the corner.
汽车转弯时擦到了墙。
[常见搭配] a shoe - brush 鞋刷
a make - up brush 化妆刷
brush sth.away 擦去、扫去、赶走
brush sth. off 轻描淡写地对待、擦去(灰尘等)
brush up on sth. 复习、温习
Eg: Keep a shoe - brush handy to clean your shoes.
准备一把鞋刷，方便清洁你的鞋子。
She has a set of make - up brushes.
她有一套化妆刷。
Brush the crumbs away from the table.
把桌子上的面包屑擦去。
Brush the flies away from the food.
把苍蝇从食物上赶走。
He brushed off my concerns about the project.
他对我对这个项目的担忧轻描淡写地一带而过。
Brush the snow off your coat.
把你外套上的雪擦去。
I need to brush up on my French before the trip.
旅行前我需要复习一下我的法语。
[派生词] brushed为形容词，译为“经过刷毛处理的”;
Eg: The brushed fabric feels soft and comfortable.
这种经过刷毛处理织物摸起来柔软舒适。
[即学即用]
He picked his some _________ (brush) and palette.
答案:brushes
12.instructions(名词)用法说明
[用法讲解] instructions为instruction的复数形式，但通常使用复数形式。
Eg: Please read the instructions carefully before using the machine.
在使用机器前，请仔细阅读说明。
The boss gave clear instructions about the new project.
老板对新项目给出了明确的指示。
[常见搭配] follow the instructions 按照说明操作
give instructions 给出指示、下达命令
a set of instructions 一套指示，一套说明
Eg: It's important to follow the doctor's instructions when taking medicine.
服药时遵循医生的指示很重要。
The teacher gave us clear instructions on how to complete the project.
老师给了我们如何完成这个项目的明确指示。
The software comes; with a set of instructions in different languages.
这款软件配有不同语言的一套使用说明。
[即学即用]
The teacher provided clear____________(instruction) for the assignment.
答案:instructions
13.dangerous (形容词)危险的
[用法讲解]dangerous在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
Eg: Tiger is a dangerous animal.
老虎是一种危险的动物。
The traffic here is very dangerous for children.
这里的交通对孩子很危险。
[派生词] danger为名词，译为“危险”。
[常见搭配] in danger处于危险中
in danger of ... 有...的危险
Eg: This kind of animal is in danger.
这种动物处于危险中。
He is in danger of losing his life.
他有生命危险。
[对应词] safe为形容词，译为“安全的”。
Eg: The house is not safe from theft.
这个房子不安全，容易遭窃。
[即学即用]
Being a firefighter is a_____________(danger) job.
答案:dangerous
14.usual(形容词)通常的、寻常的
[用法讲解] usual在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: This is not the usual way to solve the problem.
这不是解决这个问题的通常方法。(作定语)
It's usual for me to wake up early.
我早起是通常的事。(作表语)
[常见搭配] as usual 像平常一样、照例
the usual 平常的、惯常的事物
Eg: As usual, he was late for the meeting.
像平常一样，他开会迟到了。
I'll have the usual, please.
请给我来份平常的。
Let's do something different instead of the usual.
我们做点不一样的，而不是平常做的事。
[派生词]usually为副词，译为“通常”;
unusual为形容词，译为“不寻常的”。
Eg: We usually have dinner at seven o'clock.
我们通常七点钟吃晚饭。
This is an unusual journey.
这是一次不寻常的旅行。
[即学即用]
1.It’s my _________ (usually) routine to go for a walk in the morning.
2.像往常一样，妈妈为我准备了一顿美味的早餐。
____________, my mother prepared a delicious breakfast for me.
答案:1.usual 2. As usual
15.tie- dye(动词)扎染(织物)
[用法讲解] tie -dye还可为名词，译为“扎染(织物)”。
Eg: They tie - dyed some shirts for the festival.
他们为节日扎染了一些衬衫。
She learned the traditional tie-dye techniques.
她学习了传统的扎染工艺。
[即学即用]
To ________(扎染), you need to first use tools to tie, sew, or clip your cloth.
答案:tie-dye
16.method (名词)方法
[用法讲解] method为可数名词，其复数形式为 methods.
Eg: Scientists use different methods to conduct experiments.
科学家使用不同的方法进行实验。
[常见搭配] method of doing sth.做某事的方法
apply a method 应用一种方法
Eg: We need to find a better method of learning English.
我们需要找到一种更好的学习英语的方法。
The researcher applied a new method to analyze the data.
研究人员应用了一种新的方法来分析数据。
[即学即用]
The m________ of cooking this dish is quite simple.
做这道菜的方法很简单。
答案: method
17.not only .. but also...不仅...而且...
[用法讲解]not only... but also...常用来连接两个并列的名词、动词、形容词、副词或句子。
注意:not only... but also作主语时，谓语动词需用“临近原则”。
Eg: She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer.
她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。
He not only plays the guitar but also writes his own songs.
他不仅会弹吉他，还会自己写歌。
This book is not only interesting but also educational.
这本书不仅有趣，还很有教育意义。
She speaks English not only fluently but also accurately.
她英语说得不仅流利，还很准确。
Not only did he finish his homework early, but also he helped his sister with hers.
他不仅早早完成了作业，还帮妹妹完成了她得作业。
[即学即用]
Not only the teacher but also the students______ (be) excited.
答案: are
18.twist (动词)使扭曲、使弯曲
[用法讲解] twist为动词时，还可译为“歪曲、曲解”;twist还可为名词，译为“扭转、转折处、情节得转折”。
Eg: She twisted the knob to open the door.
她转动把手打开了门。
The road twisted through the mountains.
道路蜿蜒穿过群山。
Don't twist my words. I meant exactly what I said.
别歪曲我的话，我说的就是那个意思。
With a quick twist, he opened the bottle.
他快速一扭，打开了瓶子。
We came to a twist in the river.
我们到了河流的转弯处。
The movie has an unexpected twist at the end.
这部电影结尾有个意想不到的情节转折。
[常见搭配] twist one's body 扭动身体
twist sth. into形状把某物扭成某种形状
twist the truth 歪曲事实
a sharp twist 个急剧的转折、一个急转弯
twist and turn 迂回曲折
Eg: She twisted her body to look behind.
她转动身体看向后面。
He twisted the wire into a circle.
他把铁丝扭成一个圆圈。
It's unfair to twist the truth to suit you own purposes.
为了自己的目的歪曲事实是不公平的。
The car took a sharp twist on the icy road.
汽车在结冰的路上来了个急转弯。
The plot of the novel has a sharp twist.
这部小说的情节有一个急剧的转折。
The river twists and turns through the valley.
河流在山谷中蜿蜒流淌。
[即学即用]
It________ my ankle while playing basketball.
答案: twisted
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