资源简介

八年级英语上册
Unit 4单词解析
（Grammar部分）
1.Cloth (名词) 布、织物
【用法讲解】 cloth常为不可数名词，但在表示“一块布”时，是可数名词。
Eg: This cloth is very soft.
这块布很柔软。
She bought two new cloths for cleaning.
我买了两块新的清洁布。
【常见搭配】 a piece of cloth 一块布
Cloth for ... 用来做...的布料
Cotton cloth 棉布
Silk cloth 丝绸
Cloth shoes 布鞋
Eg: She cut a piece of cloth to make a handkerchief.
她剪了一块布来做手帕。
This is the cloth for making curtains.
这是用来做窗帘的布料。
Cotton cloth is comfortable to wear.
棉布穿起来很舒服。
The dress is made of silk cloth.
这条裙子是用丝绸做的。
He likes to wear cloth shoes in summer.
夏天他喜欢穿布鞋。
【派生词】 clothing为不可数名词，译为“服装”（强调总称）；
clothes为名词，译为“衣服”；
cloths为名词，译为“多块布”。
Eg: We donated a lot of clothing to the charity organization.
我们给慈善机构捐赠了很多衣物。
I need to wash my clothes.
我需要洗我的衣服。
The cleaner used different cloths for different surfaces.
清洁工针对不同的表面使用了不同的布。
【即学即用】
1.She bought some new ________ (布) to make curtains.
答案：cloth
2.Tie (动词) （用线、绳等） 系、栓、捆
【用法讲解】 tie作动词还可译为“连接、关联、束缚”；tie还可作名词，译为“领带、带子、联系”。
Eg: Tie your shoelaces before you run.
跑步前系好你的鞋带。
The two events are tied by a common theme.
这两个事件由一个共同的主题联系起来。
The contract ties the company to strict regulations.
合同使公司受到严格规定的约束。
He wore a red tie to the party.
他戴着一条红色领带去参加派对。
The farmer used a tie to fasten the gate.
农夫用一根带子把门固定住。
The cultural ties between the two countries are very strong.
两国之间的文化联系非常紧密。
【常见搭配】 tie up 捆好、占用、阻碍
Tie down 束缚、限制
Tie in with 与...相符、一致
Tie to 依赖于
A close tie 亲密的关系
Eg: Tie up the luggage before you leave.
离开前把行李捆好。
The project tied up all our funds for a month.
这个项目占用了我们的所有资金一个月。
The accident tied up traffic for hours.
事故使交通堵塞了好几个小时。
Family responsibilities tie him down.
家庭责任束缚住了他。
Your plan ties in well with our overall strategy.
你的计划与我们的总体战略非常一致。
His success is tied to his hard work.
他的成功依赖于他的努力工作。
There is a close tie between the two families.
这两家之间有着亲密的关系。
【派生词】 untie为动词，译为“解开”。
Eg: She untied her shoelaces and took off her shoes.
她解开鞋带，脱下了鞋子。
【即学即用】
1.She _______ (系) the rope to the tree.
2.Can you _______ (tie) this knot for me It’s too tight.
答案：1.tied 2.untie
3.Thread (名词) 线
【用法讲解】 thread为可数名词，也可译为“线索、思路、脉络”等；thread还可为动词，译为“穿过”。
Eg: She used a red thread to sew the button on.
她用红线缝上了纽扣。
The detective followed the thread of evidence to solve the case.
侦探顺着证据的线索破了案。
Can you help me thread the needle
你能帮我穿线吗？
【常见搭配】 a piece of thread 一根线
Lose the thread 失去线索、思路
Thread through 穿过、通过
Thread together 将...连在一起
Eg: I need a piece of thread to fix this tear.
我需要一根线来修补这个破洞。
While listening to the long lecture, I lost the thread and got confused.
听这个长篇讲座时，我跟不上思路了，感到很困惑。
The path threads through the forest.
小路穿过森林。
She threaded the beads together to make a necklace.
她把珠子连在一起做成了一条项链。
【即学即用】
1.Please pass me a needle and t_________.
答案：thread
4.Dye (动词) 给...染色、染；(名词) 染料、染液
Eg; She dyed her hair purple for the concert.
她为了这场音乐会把头发染成了紫色。
This fabric can be dyed in multiple colors.
这种布料可以染成多种颜色。
We need to buy some natural dye for the experiment.
我们需要购买一些天然染料来做实验。
【即学即用】
1.He wants to _______ (染) his beard gray.
答案： dye
5.Product (名词) 产品
【用法讲解】 product为可数名词，其复数形式为products。
Eg: Apple’s latest product has attracted a lot of attention.
苹果的最新产品吸引了很多关注。
The waste gas is a harmful product of the chemical reaction.
废气是化学反应的有害产物。
【常见搭配】 high - quality product 高质量产品
Innovative product 创新产品
Eg: This brand is known for its high - quality products, and it has a large customer base.
这个品牌以其高质量的产品而闻名，拥有庞大的客户群体。
The startup’s innovative product has attracted a lot of attention from investors.
这家初创公司的创新产品引起了投资者的广泛关注。
【派生词】 by - product为名词，译为“副产品”；
Produce为动词，译为“生产、制造”；
Producer为名词，译为“生产者”；
production为名词，译为“制造、生产”。
Eg: In the process of refining oil, gasoline is the main product, and asphalt is a by - product.
在炼油过程中，汽油是主要产品，沥青是副产品。
Sheep’s milk is produced in much the same way as goat’s milk.
绵阳奶和山羊奶的生产过程差不多。
The local producers are trying to compete with imported products.
当地的生产者正试图与进口产品竞争。
The production of this car model has increased significantly this year.
今年这款汽车型号的产量大幅增加。
【易混辨析】 Product与production区别：
product为可数名词，侧重具体产物或结果；
production为不可数名词，强调生产过程或抽象产量。
Eg: The company launched three new products.
公司推出三款新产品。
Production of the new aircraft will start next year.
新飞机的生产将于明年开始。
【即学即用】
1.This factory specializes in ________ high - quality aquatic ________ for export (produce).
答案：producing; products
6.Workshop (名词) 作坊
【用法讲解】 workshop为可数名词，其复数形式为workshops，还可译为“研讨会、讲习班”。
Eg: The workers in the workshop are busy assembling car parts.
车间里的工人正忙着组装汽车零件。
I attended a writing workshop last weekend, where I learned a lot of useful writing techniques.
上周末我参加了一个写作研讨会，在那里我学到了很多有用的写作技巧。
【常见搭配】 machine workshop 机械车间
Language workshop 语言研讨会
Hold a workshop 举办研讨会
Eg: The machine workshop in this factory is equipped with advanced CNC machines.
这家工厂的机械车间配备了先进的数控机床。
I improved my spoken English a lot by attending the language workshop.
通过参加语言研讨会，我的英语口语提高了很多。
The university will hold a workshop on artificial intelligence next month.
这所大学下个月将举办一场人工智能研讨会。
【即学即用】
1.The ________ (工厂) has shut down and the workers are unemployed.
答案：workshop
7.Pattern (名词) 图案、模式
【用法讲解】 pattern为可数名词，其复数形式为patterns，译为“榜样”；pattern还可为动词，译为“模仿、以...为模式”。
Eg: The dress has a beautiful floral pattern.
这条裙子有漂亮的花卉图案。
His daily life follows a regular pattern.
他的日常生活遵循一种规律的模式。
He is a pattern of good behavior for his younger brother.
他是弟弟良好行为的榜样。
She patterns her writing style after that famous author.
她模仿那位著名作家的写作风格。
【常用搭配】 design pattern 设计模式
Behavior pattern 行为模式
Set a pattern 树立榜样
Eg: The software developer used a well - known design pattern to improve the code’s structure.
软件开发人员使用了一种知名的设计模式来改进代码的结构。
Psychologists study different behavior patterns to understand human nature better.
心理学家研究不同的行为模式，以更好地了解人性。
The successful entrepreneur set a pattern for young people to start their own businesses.
这位成功的企业家为年轻人创业树立了榜样。
【即学即用】
1.All three attacks followed the same _________ (模式).
答案： pattern
8.Roll (名词) 卷、管
【用法讲解】 roll为可数名词，其复数形式为rolls，还可译为“滚动”；roll还可为动词，译为“滚动、摇摆、转动”。
Eg: My brother bought a roll of black and white film yesterday.
昨天我哥哥买了一卷黑白胶卷。
We heard the roll of thunder.
我们听到了隆隆的雷声。
The coin rolled under the bed.
硬币滚到床底下去了。
He rolled his eyes at her.
他的眼珠对着她骨碌碌地转。
The boat rolled badly.
船摇晃得很厉害。
【常见搭配】 a roll of... 一卷...
roll out 铺开
Roll up 卷起
Roll over 翻身、翻转
Roll in 蜂拥而来
Roll into 卷成
Eg: I need a roll of wrapping paper for the gift.
我需要一卷包装纸来包装礼物。
Roll out the carpet.
展开地毯。
If I roll it up; my blanket can change into a pillow.
如果我把它卷起来，我的毯子能变成一个枕头。
The cat rolled over on the sofa.
猫在沙发上翻了个身。
The tourists rolled in during the holiday season.
旅游旺季时，游客们蜂拥而至。
They rolled the paper into a tube.
他把纸卷成了一个圆圈。
【即学即用】
1.她为相机买了一卷胶卷。
She bought ______ ______ _____ film for her camera.
答案：a roll of
9.Reduce (动词) 减少
Eg: We need to reduce our expenses this month.
这个月我们需要减少开支。
【常见搭配】 reduce to... 减少到...（后接目标结果）
Reduce by... 减少... （后接变化量）
Reduce ...to doing sth. 被迫采取某种行为
Reduce sb./ sth.to a state 使某人/某物陷入某种状态
Eg: The staff was reduced to 50 employees.
员工数量缩减至50人。
Sales reduced by 15% last quarter.
上季度销售额减少了15%。
The drought reduced farmers to begging.
旱灾迫使农民乞讨。
The fire reduced the building to ashes.
大火将建筑物烧成灰烬。
【即学即用】
( )1.Reduce the number of employees _________ half of the original.
A.to B.by
C.with D.of
答案：A
10.Waste (名词) 浪费、废料
【用法讲解】 waste也可为动词，译为“浪费、挥霍、滥用”。
Eg: Please throw the waste in the recycling bin.
请把废物扔进回收箱。
I wasted my time on that project.
我在哪个项目上浪费了时间。
【常见搭配】 waste time/money on sb./ sth. 在某人/某物上浪费时间/金钱
Waste time/money (in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事
A waste of time 浪费时间
Eg: She wasted a lot of money on clothes.
她在衣服上浪费了很多钱。
Tom never wastes too much time playing computer games.
汤姆从不在玩电脑游戏上浪费太多时间。
It’s a waste of time talking to him.
和他谈话事浪费时间。
【即学即用】
1.They wasted a whole day _________ (try) to fix the computer.
答案：trying
11.Joy (名词) 乐趣、高兴
【用法讲解】 joy常为不可数名词，但是在表示“某个带来快乐的具体对象”时为可数名词，其复数形式为joys。
Eg: He shouted with joy when he passed the exam.
考试通过时他高兴地大叫。
Gardening is one of the simple joys in life.
园艺是生活中简单的快乐之一。
【常见搭配】 joy in... 在...方面的快乐
Bring joy to... 为...带来喜悦
Full of joy 充满喜悦
A joy to .... 对...愉快
With joy 快乐地
Eg: His joy in gardening keeps him youthful.
园艺之乐让他保持年轻。
The birth of her son brought her immense joy.
儿子的出生给她带来了巨大的喜悦。
The children’s laughter was full of joy.
孩子们的笑声充满喜悦。
Cooking is a joy to her.
烹饪对她来说是一种享受。
The children ran to playground with joy.
孩子们快乐地奔向操场。
【派生词】 joyful为形容词，译为“快乐的”；
joyous为形容词，译为“喜庆的”；
enjoy为动词，译为“享受”。
Eg: The festival was a joyful occasion.
这个节日是个快乐的场合。
This is a joyous wedding ceremony.
这是个喜庆的婚礼。
I enjoy reading novels.
我喜欢读小说。
【即学即用】
1.她高兴地接受了邀请。
She accepted the invitation ________ ________.
答案： with joy
12.Reason (名词) 理由、原因
【用法讲解】 reason常为可数名词，其复数形式为reasons；但reason在表示“理性、理智、判断力”等时为不可数名词；reason还可为动词，译为“推理、思考、说服”等。
Eg: There are several reasons for this decision.
做这个决定有几个原因。
He lost all reason in the argument.
在争吵中他失去了所有理智。
She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.
她推断准是把包落在火车上了。
【常见搭配】 reason for... ...的原因
By reason of... 因为
For this reason 因此
Have every reason to do sth. 完全有理由
Reason sb.into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
Eg: What’s the reason for your decision
你做这个决定的原因是什么？
The game was postponed by reason of the rain.
由于下雨，比赛被推迟了。
For this reason, early education is crucial.
因此，早期教育至关重要。
You have every reason to celebrate your success.
你完全有理由庆祝成功。
He reasoned her into accepting the offer.
他说服她接受了提议。
【派生词】 reasonable为形容词，译为“合理的、通情达理的”；
reasoning为名词，译为“推理过程”。
Eg: It’s reasonable to expect a raise after a year.
工作一年后期待加薪是合理的。
His reasoning was flawed.
他的推理存在缺陷。
【即学即用】
1.因此，他离开了公司。
______ _______ _______, he left the company.
2.There is ____________ (reason) concordance (结果) between the two sets of results.
答案：1.For this reason 2.reasonable
13.Result (名词) 结果、后果
【用法讲解】 result为可数名词，其复数形式为results；result还可为动词，译为“导致、产生”。
Eg: The results of the experiment were surprising.
实验结果令人惊讶。
His carelessness resulted in a serious accident.
他的粗心导致了一场严重事故。
【常见搭配】 result of... ...的结果
As a result 结果、因此
With the result that... 结果是...
Result in... 导致、造成
Result from... 由...引起
Eg: The accident was the result of careless driving.
事故是粗心驾驶的结果。
He studied hard.As a result, he passed the exam.
他学习努力，因此通过了考试。
She missed the train, with the result that she was late for work.
她错过了火车，结果上班迟到了。
The heavy rain resulted in a flood.
大雨导致了洪水。
His headache resulted from lack of sleep.
他的头痛是由睡眠不足引起的
【即学即用】
1.她吃了太多垃圾食品，结果，她体重增加了。
She ate too much junk food._______ ______ _________, she gained weight.
答案：As a result
14.Glove (名词) 手套
【用法讲解】 glove为可数名词，其复数形式为gloves。
Eg: She lost a glove on her way home.
她在回家的路上丢了一只手套。
注意：gloves常以复数形式出现。
Eg: These gloves are too small for me.
这些手套对我来说太小了。
【常见搭配】 a pair of gloves 一副手套
In gloves 戴着手套
Fit like a glove 完全合身
Handle with kid gloves 小心对待
Take the gloves off 不再克制、强硬起来
Eg: She wore a pair of red gloves to the party.
她戴着一双红色的手套去参加聚会。
The doctor was in gloves during the surgery.
医生在手术时戴着手套。
The new dress fits her like a glove.
这条新裙子她穿正合身。
They handled the negotiation with kid gloves.
他们谨慎处理了这次谈判。
The company took the gloves off in the price war.
公司在价格战中不再留情。
【派生词】 gloved为形容词，译为“戴着手套的”。
Eg: a gloved hand 一只戴着手套的手
【即学即用】
1.我买了一副新手套。
I bought _____ ______ _______ _______ __________.
答案：a new pair of gloves
15.Button (名词) 纽扣、按钮
【用法讲解】 button为可数名词，其复数形式为buttons；button还可为动词，译为“给...装纽扣”。
Eg: Press the red button to start the machine.
按下红色按钮启动机器。
There is a button missing from my shirt.
我的衬衫上少了一颗纽扣。
She buttoned her coat quickly before going out.
她出门前迅速扣上了外套的纽扣。
【常见搭配】 on the button 准确地、准时地
At the push of a button 按一下按钮
Button your lip! 闭嘴！
Eg: His answer was right on the button.
他的回答完全正确。
The system works at the push of a button.
这个系统按一下按钮就能运行。
He told the noisy kids to button their lips.
他让吵闹的孩子们闭嘴。
【即学即用】
1.The remote control has many _________ (button).
答案：buttons
16.Onto (介词) 到...上、向...上
【用法讲解】 Onto为介词时，还可译为“朝向...”；onto还可为形容词，译为“（数学领域）满射的”。
Eg: The cat jumped onto the roof.
猫跳到了屋顶上。
The windows open onto a beautiful garden.
窗户朝向一座美丽的花园。
The function is onto.
该函数是满射的。
【常见搭配】 hold onto... 抓紧、牢牢抓住
Come onto the market 在市场上出售
Be onto something 发现线索或重要事物
Eg: Hold onto the rope tightly.
紧紧抓住绳子。
New products are coming onto the market every day.
每天都有新产品在市场上出售。
The detective is onto a new clue.
侦探发现了一条新线索。
【即学即用】
1.The cat jumped _______ (到...上) the table.
2.我觉得他的研究即将有重大突破。
I think he ________ ______ a breakthrough in his research.
答案：1.onto 2.is onto
17.Finger (名词) （手套的）指部、手指
【用法讲解】 finger为可数名词，其复数形式为fingers，还可译为“指针”；finger还可为动词，译为“用手指触碰、告发、告密”等。
Eg: She pointed at the map with her finger.
她用手指指着地图。
The fingers of this glove are too tight.
这只手套的指部太紧了。
The finger of the clock is moving slowly.
钟表的指针在慢慢移动。
He fingered the old photograph gently.
他轻轻用手指触碰那张旧照片。
Someone fingered him to he police.
有人向警察告发了他。
【知识拓展】 little finger 小指； index finger 食指； ring finger 无名指； thumb 拇指； middle finger 中指
【常见搭配】 point the finger at... 指责、归咎于
Have a finger in the pie 参与、插手
Lift/ raise a finger 出力帮忙（常用否定句）
Put the finger on sb. 告发某人
Work one’s fingers to the bone 拼命工作
Eg: Don’t point the finger at others.You should take responsibility yourself.
不要指责别人，你自己应该承担责任。
He always has a finger in the pie of every project.
每个项目他都要插手。
He didn’t lift a finger to clean the house.
他一点都没帮忙打扫房子。
Someone put the finger on the thief.
有人告发了小偷。
She worked her fingers to the bone to support her family.
她拼命工作养家。
【即学即用】
1.He burned his __________ (手指) while cooking.
答案：finger(s)
18.Sew (动词) 缝制
Eg: She sews clothes for her family.
她为家人缝制衣服。
The doctor sewed up his wound.
医生缝合了他的伤口。
【常见搭配】 sew up 缝合、搞定
Sew on 缝上
Sew into... 将...缝入
Get sew up 被安排好
Eg: The nurse sewed up the cut on his finger.
护士缝合了他手指上的伤口。
They sewed up the contract with a handshake.
他们握手敲定了合同。
She sewed on a new button to her coat.
她在外套上缝了一颗新纽扣。
A secret pocket was sewn into the lining of the jacket.
一件夹克的内里缝了一个暗袋。
All the details for the event get sewn up.
时间的所有细节都被安排好了。
【派生词】 sewer为名词，译为“缝纫者”；
sewing为名词，译为“缝纫活动”。
Eg: She is a skilled sewer.
她是一个熟练的缝纫者。
Sewing requires patience.
缝纫需要耐心。
【即学即用】
1.My mother s________ my torn pants.
答案：sewed

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