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湖南省部分名校2025-2026学年高一上学期10月联考英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．What is the season now
A．Spring. B．Autumn. C．Winter.
2．What time do the speakers plan to start out
A．At 2 p.m. B．At 3 p.m. C．At 5 p.m.
3．Why doesn’t the woman buy clothes now
A．They are not good. B．They are too cheap. C．They are still expensive.
4．When does the conversation take place
A．Before Mary’s birthday. B．On Mary’s birthday. C．After Mary’s birthday.
5．What are the speakers doing
A．Walking. B．Running. C．Driving.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6．How long does the woman expect the man to stay
A．Three days. B．Four days. C．Over four days.
7．What will the friend probably do
A．Stay with the woman. B．Phone the woman. C．Help the man.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．Why was the woman worried
A．She was late. B．The man was late. C．The teacher was late.
9．What will the man probably ask his teacher to do
A．Finish class in time. B．Teach more in class. C．Speak louder in class.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10．Where are the two speakers
A．At the bus station. B．In their own house. C．In their neighbors’ house.
11．How does the boy feel about the new kids coming
A．Eager to see them. B．Surprised at the news. C．Unwilling to see them.
12．What will the speakers do
A．Give the neighbors time to relax.
B．Prepare warm water for the neighbors.
C．Help the neighbors carry their things in.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13．How long did it take the woman to write the story
A．A whole day. B．About two hours. C．About two days.
14．Where did the woman get her idea for the story
A．At a party. B．In her street. C．In the newspaper.
15．What is the story about
A．Success. B．Money. C．A man named Fred.
16．What is unexpected to the woman
A．Talking with the man. B．Earning a lot of money. C．Winning the competition.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．When does the speaker have free time
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
18．What can the campers do in the afternoon
A．Go fishing. B．Go swimming. C．Do some cleaning.
19．How do the campers prepare dinner
A．Together. B．Carefully. C．Separately.
20．What is the speaker mainly talking about
A．The camping plan. B．The camping life. C．The camping trip.
二、阅读理解
Looking to let your creativity flow this summer This summer, a variety of engaging art programs await teens aged 13 and up, offering opportunities for creative exploration and skill development.
Art & Design Lab for Teens
Friday, 3 p.m. — 5 p.m.
Start your weekend off with some art and inspiration! Each Friday we offer new gallery adventures, different materials, and techniques to feed your creativity. Stay the whole time or stop by to connect with artists and other creative teens.
For ages 13 — 18, no registration required.
Fee: Free.
Five-Day Course
Monday, July 17 — Friday, July 21
This year’s Teenage Chinese Art School explores how artists react to a place, combining text and pictures to create statements about life. Artist-producer Sarah Yates will guide your exploration of working with paint.
This free course is for 14-to-17-year-olds. Whether art is just a hobby or something you are studying, Teenage Chinese Art School will help you develop your skills as an artist. There is also a chance to win Bronze Arts Award.
China in the Making
Saturday, June 8, 10 a.m. — 3 p.m.
What can art-making materials tell us about the natural world, global trade, social and cultural frameworks, and artists’ ideas This series of gallery conversations and studio experiences immerse participants in hands-on exploration while exploring the history of a material once so highly valued in China that it was known as “white gold”.
Materials provided; Pre-registration required.
Fee: $50 (members: $30).
Contemporary Gallery
July 26 — August 2, 4:00 p.m. — 5:30 p.m.
Join us as we close out our Teen Artist Academy with an exhibition and a dance performance. Artworks created by youth in our Teen Artist Academy, a 3-week summer camp where teens aged 14-17 learned to plan public artworks will be on show. This event is free and open to the public.
21．What is special about China in the Making
A．You will be charged for it. B．You can join in it without registration.
C．You can take part in it at any time. D．You can learn about Chinese arts there.
22．Which event will display artworks created by teenagers
A．Five-Day Course. B．Contemporary Gallery.
C．China in the Making. D．Art &. Design Lab for Teens.
23．The passage is mainly about__________.
A．art history courses for teenagers B．various art activities available for teens
C．tips on how to improve teen art skills D．famous teen artists and their works
China’s technique of growing Juncao, the herbal (草本的) plant used in the growing of edible (可食用的) mushrooms, has contributed to global poverty reduction, agronomist Lin Zhanxi said at the Delegates’ Passage before the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on Oct.16, 2022.
“We offer training at home and abroad, send our experts to teach local farmers, and we do serve them heart and soul as our brothers,” said Lin, the chief scientist of the National Juncao Technology Research Center, who discovered and shares this mushroom-growing technology beyond China for years. The technique was later promoted from East China’s Fujian province to other areas in the country and has even reached countries across the world.
As a fungi(真菌) expert, Lin said he first came up with the idea of using Juncao grass instead of wood for producing mushrooms in the 1970s. In 1971, Lin was the first person to suggest the idea of cultivating edible fungi in chopped-up wild grass. After a research in rural areas in Fujian province in 1983, he decided to do research to put his idea into practice. At the end of 1986, Lin saw the first Juncao mushroom growing in his laboratory. Since then, Lin and his team have developed the technology by using 45 different kinds of grasses as Juncao fungi grass.
Juncao moved 17,700 farmers out of poverty in Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui autonomous region. The technique has been promoted to 106 countries and regions around the world.
Twenty years ago, villagers in the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea began to learn this modern biological technology with the help of Chinese agronomists. After the experimental planting of Juncao grass was successful in Papua New Guinea, villagers shouted “Juncao, China!” to express their excitement, Lin said. Many people in the South Pacific, Latin America and African countries have shaken off poverty through growing Juncao grass and mushrooms, he added.
More than 12,000 Chinese experts have been trained to promote the technique worldwide, contributing Chinese wisdom to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, Lin said.
24．According to the passage, how is Juncao technology promoted globally
A．By providing financial support to local farmers.
B．By offering training and sending experts abroad.
C．By establishing research centers in foreign countries.
D．By selling Juncao grass seeds to other nations.
25．Which of the following words can best describe Lin Zhanxi
A．Demanding and strict. B．Ambitious and proud.
C．Generous and independent. D．Devoted and creative.
26．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The developing process of Juncao technology.
B．The great contributions of Juncao technology.
C．The global promotion of Juncao technology.
D．The challenges faced in the initial research.
27．What is the villagers’ attitude towards growing Juncao
A．Indifferent. B．Opposing. C．Doubtful. D．Positive.
Many people in America believe that “more is better”. College students often share this idea when they use laptops in class. Laptops do allow students to do more, such as getting engaged in online activities, and accessing information from the Internet. In fact, students who use laptops often take many more notes than those who write by hand. Moreover, when students take notes using laptops, they tend to take notes verbatim, writing down every word the teacher says. Obviously, they believe that it is advantageous to take more complete notes that are useful for later review.
However, research by Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer shows a surprising result. Across the experiments, Mueller and Oppenheimer had students take notes in a classroom setting and then tested students on their memory for factual detail, their conceptual (概念的) understanding of the material, and their ability to generalize the information. Half of the students were instructed to take notes with a laptop, and the other half were instructed to write the notes out by hand. In each study, however, those who wrote out their notes by hand had a stronger conceptual understanding and were more successful in applying the material than those who took notes with their laptops.
What drives this unexpected finding Writing by hand is slower and forces students to listen carefully. They must think about what is important and then summarize the information in their own words. This process makes the brain work harder and helps them understand and remember better. On the other hand, typing on a laptop is so fast that many students write everything down without thinking deeply about the lecture. This type of note-taking does not help them learn well.
The research by Mueller and Oppenheimer serves as a reminder, however, that even when technology allows us to do more in less time, it does not always foster (促进) learning. Even though laptops let students record a lot of information quickly, deep learning happens when the brain must work to choose and summarize key ideas.
28．What does the underlined word “verbatim” in the first paragraph mean
A．Exactly as spoken. B．Regularly as they do.
C．Creatively as expected. D．Perfectly as told.
29．What do Mueller and Oppenheimer find in their research
A．Students who take notes with a laptop learn more.
B．College teachers increasingly turn to technology in class.
C．Students who write out their notes on paper outperform the rest.
D．More complete notes are very useful for later review.
30．What is the main purpose of the third paragraph
A．To challenge a common viewpoint. B．To make a prediction.
C．To provide a detailed explanation. D．To summarize the main argument.
31．What should students do when it comes to learning according to the text
A．Summarize key ideas after recording lectures.
B．Use more brain power instead of technology.
C．Have a memory test shortly after each lesson.
D．Focus on memorizing information thoroughly.
You stayed up too late scrolling through your phone, answering emails or watching just one more episode. The next morning, you feel sleepy and impatient. That dessert or sandwich suddenly looks more appealing than your usual yogurt and berries. This isn’t just about willpower. Your brain, short on rest, is pushing you toward quick, high-calorie fixes.
Research shows that not enough sleep disturbs hunger signals, weakens self-control and increases the risk of weight gain. Lack of sleep affects millions. More than one-third of U.S. adults regularly get less than seven hours of sleep per night. Nearly three-quarters of adolescents fall short of the recommended 8-10 hours of sleep during the school week. First responders, including nurses, firefighters and emergency workers, are especially vulnerable due to night shifts and varying uncontrollable schedules. These patterns disturb the body’s internal clock and are linked to increased appetite, poor eating habits and higher risks for obesity and metabolic (新陈代谢的) disease.
Studies show that after just one night of sleep deprivation (匮乏), reward-related areas such as the amygdala, a part of the brain that drives motivation and reward-seeking, become more reactive to inviting food. Your brain becomes more excited by junk food and less capable of resisting it. Participants in sleep deprivation studies not only rated high-calorie foods as more desirable but were also more likely to choose them, regardless of how hungry they actually felt.
Sleep is as important as diet and exercise in maintaining a healthy weight. Fortunately, even a few nights of regular, high-quality sleep can help rebalance key systems and start to reduce some of these effects. In a culture that praises hard-work and late nights, sleep is often treated as optional. So the next time you find yourself reaching for junk food after a short night, recognize that your biology is reacting to stress. Sleep is your most powerful tool for appetite control, energy regulation and long-term health.
32．Why do people prefer high-calorie food after poor sleep
A．They have a natural preference for it.
B．High-calorie foods are more attractive.
C．Sleep loss stimulates the brain for appetite.
D．People are actually very hungry.
33．According to the passage, why are first responders more likely to suffer from sleep problems
A．Their increased appetite. B．Their lack of awareness.
C．Their shifting schedules. D．Their poor eating habits.
34．What does the author advocate in the last paragraph
A．Getting enough sleep. B．Conducting more sleep research.
C．Staying away from junk food. D．Promoting a cultural shift.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．The Dangers of Sleep Deprivation B．Sleep’s Role in Appetite Control
C．The Brain’s Reward System and Sleep D．Sleep Loss and Modern Work Culture
How to Show Respect
Whether you’re talking to your best friend or a stranger, respecting them shows that you’re kind and considerate. Here are some easy ways to show respect in your life.
Listen to others,
Practice active listening to show you respect others. Watch and be quiet when someone else is talking. 36 Even if you disagree, try to consider the point of view before responding.
Confirm people’s opinions.
When you’re talking to someone, confirm their opinions in your own words. You can also mention their achievements to let them know you see how hard they’ve worked. You could say something like, “What you just said was cool. 37 ” Or, “I can tell you’ve worked super hard to get your business off the ground.”
Apologize when you’re in the wrong.
It shows a great deal of maturity. If you mess up, a simple “I’m sorry” goes a long way. Try not to make excuses for yourself. 38 For example, if you forgot a deadline, you could say, “I’m really sorry. I’ll be setting reminders so this doesn’t happen again.”
39
It is always better to keep your promise. If you commit to an event or make plans with someone, come through on your end of the deal. Being reliable shows respect for people’s time. Have your materials in order and complete all the necessary work ahead of time. 40 It can be tough at first, but it’s better to be honest.
A．Stick to your word.
B．Say no if you can’t commit.
C．Wait to talk instead of merely listening.
D．Nod to show you’re following in agreement.
E．I can tell you’ve thought a lot about this topic.
F．Excuses are useless if you want to correct your mistakes.
G．It might also be helpful to have a plan to avoid such mistakes again.
三、完形填空
We live in a world increasingly controlled by science. Since elementary school, I have always 41 subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and 42 , seem to play a more important role in human progress than humanities (人文学科). And I always naturally thought of these subjects as more reliable and 43 than classes like English. If there was no right 44 , I thought, why bother But recently I had an experience that taught me that my 45 in learning is more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was doubtful. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I 46 getting into pretty long and boring conversations intended to 47 on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite 48 .
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones — “but you can call me Rob” — was 49 the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had expected. Rather than 50 us into boring arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob communicated with us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own challenges. To talk morals (道德), we reviewed the 51 we had made. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most 52 ones.
It 53 me that if I let go of my prejudice (偏见), I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once 54 . The class taught me — in more ways than one — to look at things with a(n) 55 mind.
41．A．chosen B．evaluated C．preferred D．avoided
42．A．numbers B．puzzles C．difficulties D．advances
43．A．serious B．creative C．severe D．strict
44．A．reason B．answer C．method D．direction
45．A．curiosity B．interest C．attention D．focus
46．A．tried B．remembered C．enjoyed D．imagined
47．A．reflect B．depend C．agree D．act
48．A．unique B．common C．different D．strange
49．A．far from B．close to C．far beyond D．free from
50．A．pulling B．leading C．convincing D．persuading
51．A．suggestions B．arrangements C．choices D．schedules
52．A．boring B．effective C．discouraging D．attractive
53．A．confused B．hit C．warned D．worried
54．A．did well in B．looked forward to C．spoke highly of D．thought little of
55．A．open B．strong C．sharp D．ready
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone wants to live a happy life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve 56 (succeed) in your life.
First, do well in school. Education will equip you with the knowledge and skills to become 57 productive member in society. No matter how 58 (challenge) it is now, the future it 59 (lead) to is bright and full of opportunities. Second, do 60 you love. Pick up a hobby: reading, writing, singing, dancing and so on. It will be a good way 61 (pass) time and help you develop your personalities. Experiment and discover new things; you might be surprised to find that you really like them! Third, figure out your 62 (goal) in life and work towards them. Start thinking about careers you would like to be in, but make a good choice 63 (base) on your interest and strength. This could be your job 64 the rest of your life! Challenge yourself and you’ll 65 (sure) be amazed at what you can achieve!
Life is short, so enjoy it while you can.
五、书信写作
66．假设你是在国际学校就读的李华，为了丰富学生的课外生活，你们学校打算开设一些学生社团。请你用英语向学生会写一封信推荐一个社团。内容包括：
1.推荐社团的名称和主要活动；
2.推荐该社团的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Student Union,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten years ago, Richard packed his only suitcase and left his quiet hometown — where the biggest noise was the morning rooster’s crow — to chase a job in the big city. But the moment he stepped off the bus, the city hit him like a wave: tall buildings blocked the sky, cars honked (鸣笛) nonstop, and crowds rushed past without a glance. His shoulders sagged (垂着) under the weight of his suitcase, eyes heavy with tiredness, but he tightened his jaw-he’d come too far to give up.
For two weeks, Richard walked from one interview to another, his shoes wearing thin. Each “we’ll call you” hurt a lot, and soon, he started to doubt himself. Then, disaster struck: on his way to a cafe, he reached into his pocket only to find it empty — his phone and wallet were gone. No way to call his family, no cash for food or a hotel. As the sun set, he wandered aimlessly until he saw a small shop with a glowing “Open” sign, its warm light cutting through the cold evening.
He pushed the door open, and the sweet smell of fresh bread wrapped around him, mixing with soft piano music. The shop was tiny — shelves lined with jams and cookies, a wooden counter where an elderly man was wiping cups. That was Mr. Smith. He was a man known for his warm smile and generous spirit. When he saw Richard’s shaky hands, “Sir, may I help you ” he said, eyes shining with kindness.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Richard’s voice shook as he told Mr. Smith his story.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, Richard, who now had a job, returned to the shop.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A C C A C C B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A C B C A C A B A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B B B D A D A C C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B C C A B D E G A B
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C D A B B D A C A A
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 C D B D A
1．B
【原文】W: The leaves on the tree have turned red and yellow.
M: Yeah, before long there will be snow on the ground.
2．A
【原文】W: I suppose we should reach that town by five o’clock in the afternoon.
M: That means we’ll have to travel for about three hours.
3．C
【原文】M: Are you going to buy any new clothes this month
W: No, not yet. I’m waiting for the prices to go down. The stores will sell clothes cheaper at the end of the summer.
4．C
【原文】W: Is anything the matter, Tony
M: Oh, I’m OK.
W: But why do you look so upset
M: Actually, I forgot Mary’s birthday.
5．A
【原文】M: I can’t carry this bag any more. It’s too heavy.
W: You can carry it a bit further, can’t you
M: No. Can’t we stop here
W: All right.
6．C 7．C
【原文】W: How long will you actually be staying, John
M: Oh, I don’t think I can stay more than three or four days.
W: Is that all I do hope you’ll stay a little longer. Before you go I want to put you in touch with a friend who can certainly help you with your business.
M: I’d love to see him. Thank you.
W: He is away at present. But as soon as he comes back I’ll give him a ring.
8．B 9．A
【原文】W: Oh, hi, Fred! I was really worried. I didn’t know whether to save you a place or not. Why are you so late
M: It’s our maths teacher. She always keeps us in class until ten past ten.
W: Doesn’t she know that you’re supposed to get out at ten
M: I guess so. But she never looks at her watch. She just keeps talking.
W: Don’t the students complain about it I would say something.
M: No. Everybody is too polite.
W: Well, you could try and talk to her.
M: Maybe I will.
10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】M: Look, Mom, the new neighbors have just arrived. We should go say hello. I think they have kids our age.
W: They do. I met them when they first came to look at the house.
M: Do you know the kids’ names
W: The girl’s name is Susan and the boy’s is Peter.
M: What are we waiting for Let’s go!
W: Not so fast! They’re probably very tired from their trip. Give them time to relax a little and get organized.
M: But we could help them carry their things in.
W: All right, but be careful not to get in the way, do you hear
M: Why don’t you bring them something cool to drink They must be thirsty after their trip.
W: That’s a fine idea. We must do all we can to make them feel welcome.
13．B 14．C 15．A 16．C
【原文】M: Oh, Tina! I’m Bob. Welcome to our program. So what’s the title of your short story
W: Charlie Hood.
M: How long did it take you to write it
W: I wrote it in one afternoon, about two hours, I think.
M: So where did you get the idea for the story
W: I read something one day in the newspaper about a man named Fred. He earned a lot of money abroad and had a party for everyone in his street. That gave me the idea.
M: And what’s the story about
W: Well. It’s about a man called Charlie, but it’s also about success and how people think about success.
M: Did you expect to win the competition
W: No. I didn’t. It was a complete surprise!
17．A 18．B 19．A 20．B
【原文】Dear Mom and Dad,
This is my fifth day at summer camp. I guess I should tell you about what I do every day.
First, everyone has to get up at 5:30 a.m. Next, we have to do some cleaning before our camp counselor, Jeff, comes to inspect the place.
Then, we have breakfast around 6:30 a.m. After that, we have some free time, so I’ve been going down to the nearby river to fish for a couple of hours. But yesterday, the only thing I caught was an old shoe. Great catch, Huh
Well, in the afternoon, there are different activities we can choose from, like swimming, horseback riding, and hiking.
In the evening, everyone is given a different job to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of cooking the hotdogs, but I accidentally dropped them in the fire, so we had to eat beans instead. The other kids are always laughing at me about it.
At night, we sit around a campfire, singing songs and telling stories. That’s fun, and we really enjoy ourselves.
Love,
Brad
21．A 22．B 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为青少年提供的多种暑期艺术项目，包括活动时间、内容、费用及报名方式等。
21．细节理解题。根据“China in the Making”部分“Pre-registration required. Fee: $ 50 (members: $30).(需要提前注册。费用：50美元（会员：30美元）)”可知，此活动需要预注册且收费。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Contemporary Gallery”部分“Artworks created by youth in our Teen Artist Academy, a 3-week summer camp where teens aged 14-17 learned to plan public artworks will be on show.(在我们“青少年艺术家学院”中由青少年创作的艺术作品将会展出。这是一场为期三周的暑期活动，14至17岁的青少年在这里学习如何规划公共艺术品)”可知，该活动将展示青少年创作的艺术作品。故选B。
23．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Looking to let your creativity flow this summer This summer, a variety of engaging art programs await teens aged 13 and up, offering opportunities for creative exploration and skill development.(想要在这个夏天释放自己的创造力吗？今年夏天，为13岁及以上青少年准备了丰富多彩的精彩艺术活动，为他们提供了进行创意探索和技能培养的机会)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了为青少年提供的多种艺术活动（Various art activities），包括不同形式、时间和费用的项目。故选B。
24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍林占熺研发的菌草技术，及其在国内外推广助力减贫，为联合国可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧的情况。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We offer training at home and abroad, send our experts to teach local farmers, and we do serve them heart and soul as our brothers,” said Lin, the chief scientist of the National Juncao Technology Research Center, who discovered and shares this mushroom-growing technology beyond China for years. (“我们提供国内外培训，派遣专家指导当地农民，而且始终把他们当作兄弟，全心全意地为他们服务。” 国家菌草工程技术研究中心首席科学家林（研究员）说道。多年来，他发现了这项食用菌种植技术，并一直在中国境外推广分享。)”可知，菌草技术通过在国内外提供培训以及派遣专家教授当地农民的方式在全球推广。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中的““We offer training at home and abroad, send our experts to teach local farmers, and we do serve them heart and soul as our brothers,” said Lin, the chief scientist of the National Juncao Technology Research Center, who discovered and shares this mushroom-growing technology beyond China for years. (“我们提供国内外培训，派遣专家指导当地农民，而且始终把他们当作兄弟，全心全意地为他们服务。” 国家菌草工程技术研究中心首席科学家林（研究员）说道。多年来，他发现了这项食用菌种植技术，并一直在中国境外推广分享。)”以及第三段中林占熺在20世纪70年代率先提出用菌草代替木材种蘑菇、多年研究实践并不断改进技术的内容可知，林占熺既富有创造力，又致力于技术推广，由此可知，林占熺专注奉献且富有创造力。故选D项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“As a fungi expert, Lin said he first came up with the idea of using Juncao grass instead of wood for producing mushrooms in the 1970s. In 1971, Lin was the first person to suggest the idea of cultivating edible fungi in chopped-up wild grass. After a research in rural areas in Fujian province in 1983, he decided to do research to put his idea into practice. At the end of 1986, Lin saw the first Juncao mushroom growing in his laboratory. Since then, Lin and his team have developed the technology by using 45 different kinds of grasses as Juncao fungi grass.(作为一名真菌专家，林占熺表示，他在20世纪70年代首次提出用菌草代替木材种植蘑菇的想法。1971年，他是第一个提出用切碎的野草培育食用菌这一想法的人。1983年在福建农村地区进行调研后，他决定开展研究，将自己的想法付诸实践。1986年底，林占熺在实验室里看到了第一株菌草蘑菇生长。从那以后，他和团队通过使用45种不同的草作为菌草，不断发展这项技术。)”可知，本段按时间顺序讲述了菌草技术从想法提出、调研实践到成功培育、技术发展的过程。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“After the experimental planting of Juncao grass was successful in Papua New Guinea, villagers shouted “Juncao, China!” to express their excitement, Lin said. Many people in the South Pacific, Latin America and African countries have shaken off poverty through growing Juncao grass and mushrooms, he added. (在巴布亚新几内亚的菌草试验种植成功后，村民们高呼“菌草，中国！”来表达他们的兴奋之情，林说。南太平洋、拉丁美洲和非洲国家的许多人通过种植菌草和蘑菇摆脱了贫困，他补充道。)”可知，村民因菌草种植成功而兴奋，且该技术帮助很多人脱贫，由此可推断村民对种植菌草持积极态度。故选D项。
28．A 29．C 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mueller和Oppenheimer的研究发现，尽管电脑笔记更完整，但手写笔记能促进深度思考与理解，因其速度慢迫使学生概括重点；而快速打字易导致机械记录，反而不利学习。
28．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“writing down every word the teacher says (写下老师说的每一个词)”可知，使用笔记本电脑做笔记的学生倾向于一字不差地记下笔记，画线词verbatim在此语境中指“逐字地，一字不差地”。故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In each study, however, those who wrote out their notes by hand had a stronger conceptual understanding and were more successful in applying the material than those who took notes with their laptops. (然而，在每项研究中，那些用手写笔记的人比那些用笔记本电脑记笔记的人有更强的概念理解能力，并且更成功地应用了这些材料)”可知，Mueller和Oppenheimer的研究发现手写笔记的学生表现更好。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“What drives this unexpected finding Writing by hand is slower and forces students to listen carefully. They must think about what is important and then summarize the information in their own words. This process makes the brain work harder and helps them understand and remember better. On the other hand, typing on a laptop is so fast that many students write everything down without thinking deeply about the lecture. This type of note-taking does not help them learn well. (是什么导致了这一意想不到的发现？手写速度较慢，而且迫使学生仔细倾听。他们必须思考什么是重要的，然后用自己的话总结信息。这个过程使大脑更加努力地工作，帮助他们更好地理解和记忆。另一方面，在笔记本电脑上打字是如此之快，以至于许多学生在没有深入思考讲课内容的情况下写下了所有内容。这种记笔记的方式并不能帮助他们学好)”可知，本段首先提出问题，然后通过对比详细解释了研究结果的成因，因此其主要目的是提供详细解释。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Even though laptops let students record a lot of information quickly, deep learning happens when the brain must work to choose and summarize key ideas. (尽管笔记本电脑可以让学生快速记录大量信息，但深度学习发生在大脑必须工作以选择和总结关键思想的时候)”可知，文章表明使用笔记本电脑做笔记不利于动用脑力进行深度学习，因此学生应该多用脑力而非依赖技术。故选B项。
32．C 33．C 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍睡眠不足会干扰饥饿信号、削弱自控力，使人偏爱高热量食物，还提及相关人群影响及充足睡眠的重要性。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“You stayed up too late scrolling through your phone, answering emails or watching just one more episode. The next morning, you feel sleepy and impatient. That dessert or sandwich suddenly looks more appealing than your usual yogurt and berries. This isn’t just about willpower. Your brain, short on rest, is pushing you toward quick, high-calorie fixes.(你熬夜刷手机、回复邮件或再多看一集剧。第二天早上，你会感到困倦且烦躁。那块甜点或三明治突然比你平时吃的酸奶和浆果更有吸引力。这不仅仅是意志力的问题。休息不足的大脑正促使你选择能快速补充热量的食物。)”以及第三段中的“Studies show that after just one night of sleep deprivation (匮乏), reward-related areas such as the amygdala, a part of the brain that drives motivation and reward-seeking, become more reactive to inviting food. Your brain becomes more excited by junk food and less capable of resisting it.(研究表明，仅仅一晚睡眠不足后，大脑中驱动动机和寻求奖励的部分——如杏仁核等与奖励相关的区域，对诱人食物的反应会更强烈。你的大脑会对垃圾食品更兴奋，更难抵抗其诱惑。)”可知，睡眠不足会刺激大脑，使其对高热量食物更敏感、更渴望，从而让人偏爱这类食物。故选C项。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“First responders, including nurses, firefighters and emergency workers, are especially vulnerable due to night shifts and varying uncontrollable schedules.(包括护士、消防员和急救人员在内的一线响应者尤其容易受睡眠问题影响，因为他们需要上夜班，且工作时间表不固定、难以掌控。)”可知，一线响应者更可能有睡眠问题是因为他们的工作班次不固定。故选C项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sleep is as important as diet and exercise in maintaining a healthy weight. Fortunately, even a few nights of regular, high-quality sleep can help rebalance key systems and start to reduce some of these effects. In a culture that praises hard-work and late nights, sleep is often treated as optional. So the next time you find yourself reaching for junk food after a short night, recognize that your biology is reacting to stress. Sleep is your most powerful tool for appetite control, energy regulation and long-term health. (在维持健康体重方面，睡眠与饮食和运动同样重要。幸运的是，即使是几晚规律、高质量的睡眠，也有助于重新平衡关键系统，并开始减轻部分上述不良影响。在崇尚努力工作和熬夜的文化中，睡眠往往被视为可有可无。所以，下次当你发现自己在睡眠不足的夜晚想吃垃圾食品时，要意识到这是你的身体在对压力做出反应。睡眠是你控制食欲、调节精力和维护长期健康最有力的工具。)”可知，作者在最后一段强调了睡眠的重要性，倡导人们保证充足的睡眠。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇指出睡眠不足会让人偏爱高热量食物，接着通过研究说明睡眠不足对大脑和食欲的影响，提及受睡眠问题影响的人群，最后强调睡眠在控制食欲、维持健康等方面的重要作用，核心围绕睡眠与食欲控制的关系展开，因此，“睡眠在食欲控制中的作用”概括了文章主题，最适合作本文的标题。故选B项。
36．D 37．E 38．G 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过积极倾听、肯定他人、诚恳道歉和信守承诺等简单方法来表达对他人的尊重。
36．根据上文“Practice active listening to show you respect others. Watch and be quiet when someone else is talking. (练习积极倾听以表示你尊重他人。当别人说话时，要注视对方并保持安静。)”以及下文“Even if you disagree, try to consider the point of view before responding. (即使你不同意，也要在回应前试着考虑对方的观点。)”可知，此处需补充“积极倾听”的具体做法，体现对他人的尊重。D选项“Nod to show you’re following in agreement. (点头表示你在认真听并认同。)”是积极倾听的典型行为，衔接上下文，符合语境。故选D项。
37．根据上文“When you’re talking to someone, confirm their opinions in your own words. You can also mention their achievements to let them know you see how hard they’ve worked. (和别人交谈时，用自己的话确认他们的观点。你也可以提及他们的成就，让他们知道你看到了他们的努力。)”可知，谈话时可以提及别人的成就，让他们知道你看到了他们的努力，且空处和下文“Or, “I can tell you’ve worked super hard to get your business off the ground.”(或者，“我看得出来你非常努力地让你的生意起步。”)”之间是选择关系，由此可知，此处需延续“确认他人观点”的话题，补充符合语境的具体表述。E选项“I can tell you’ve thought a lot about this topic. (我能看出来你对这个话题思考了很多。)”是对他人观点的进一步认可，符合“确认他人观点”的要求，且与前文引语衔接自然，符合语境。故选E项。
38．根据上文“If you mess up, a simple “I’m sorry” goes a long way. Try not to make excuses for yourself. (如果你搞砸了，一句简单的“对不起”会很有帮助。尽量不要为自己找借口。)”以及下文“For example, if you forgot a deadline, you could say, “I’m really sorry. I’ll be setting reminders so this doesn’t happen again.” (例如，如果你忘记了截止日期，你可以说：“非常抱歉。我会设置提醒，避免再发生这样的事。”)”可知，此处需强调犯错后除道歉外，还应采取措施避免再犯。G选项“It might also be helpful to have a plan to avoid such mistakes again. (制定一个计划来避免再次犯这样的错误可能也会有帮助。)”既承接上文“不找借口”的建议，又引出下文“设置提醒”的具体例子，符合语境。故选G项。
39．分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合上文的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据下文“It is always better to keep your promise. If you commit to an event or make plans with someone, come through on your end of the deal. Being reliable shows respect for people’s time. (信守承诺总是更好的。如果你承诺参加某个活动或和别人制定了计划，就要履行自己的承诺。可靠体现了对他人时间的尊重。)”可知，本段围绕“信守承诺”展开，空格处应为本段小标题，概括该主题。A选项“Stick to your word. (信守诺言。)”为祈使句，且点明本段主题，符合语境。故选A项。
40．根据上文“Have your materials in order and complete all the necessary work ahead of time. (提前整理好材料，完成所有必要的工作。)”以及下文“It can be tough at first, but it’s better to be honest. (一开始可能很难，但诚实更好。)”可知，此处需补充“信守承诺”的延伸建议，即无法承诺时应如何做。B选项“Say no if you can’t commit. (如果你无法承诺，就说不。)”既符合“诚实”的要求，又与“信守承诺”的主题一致，避免因无法履行承诺而不尊重他人，符合语境。故选B项。
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．A 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．D 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者原本偏爱理科，认为文科无意义，后上哲学课改变偏见，学会以开放心态看待事物的经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学开始，我就一直偏爱科学和数学这类学科。A. chosen选择；B. evaluated评估；C. preferred偏爱；D. avoided避免。根据下文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ____2____ , seem to play a more important role in human progress than humanities (人文学科).”可知，作者认为科学和数学这样的学科似乎在人类进步中扮演着比人文学科更重要的角色，因此是偏爱它们。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这些充满发现和进步的学科，似乎比人文学科在人类进步中扮演着更重要的角色。A. numbers数字；B. puzzles谜题；C. difficulties困难；D. advances进步。根据下文“seem to play a more important role in human progress than humanities (人文学科)”可知，作者认为科学和数学这样的学科似乎在人类进步中扮演着比人文学科更重要的角色，因此是指这些学科充满了发现和进步。故选D项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且我一直很自然地认为这些学科比英语之类的课程更可靠、更严谨。A. serious严谨的，认真的；B. creative有创造力的；C. severe严厉的；D. strict严格的。根据上文“And I always naturally thought of these subjects as more reliable”可知，此处需填近义词体现理科特点，“serious”（严谨的）符合理科注重逻辑、结论可靠的属性。故选A项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，那何必费力气呢？A. reason理由；B. answer答案；C. method方法；D. direction方向。根据上文“And I always naturally thought of these subjects as more reliable and ____3____ than classes like English.”可知，作者认为英语之类的学科没有那么可靠、严肃，究其原因是因为这类学科没有正确的答案。故选B项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近一次经历让我明白，我在学习上的兴趣比我想象的更灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。A. curiosity好奇心；B. interest兴趣；C. attention注意力；D. focus焦点。根据上文的“Since elementary school, I have always ____1____ subjects like science and math.”可知，作者原本偏爱理科，结合“But recently I had an experience”可知，此处表示作者改变了态度，说明其学习兴趣并非固定不变。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象着会陷入冗长而枯燥的对话，意在思考生命的意义。A. tried尝试；B. remembered记得；C. enjoyed享受；D. imagined想象。根据上文“Before I entered the classroom, I was doubtful”可知，作者上课前未接触过哲学课，对课程的设想是“想象”出来的。故选D项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象着会陷入冗长而枯燥的对话，意在思考生命的意义。A. reflect思考，反思；B. depend依靠；C. agree同意；D. act行动。根据上文的“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.”以及下文的“the meaning of life”可知，作者想象着哲学课探讨生命意义，所以此处表示“思考，反思”，符合语境。故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我得到的东西却完全不同。A. unique独特的；B. common普通的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“I ____6____ getting into pretty long and boring conversations intended to ____7____ on the meaning of life.”可知，作者想象哲学课“冗长枯燥”，结合下文描述课程的生动可知，哲学课实际与想象“不同”。故选C项。
49．考查固定短语辨析。句意：琼斯先生——“但你们可以叫我罗布”——是个穿牛仔裤的年轻人，与我想象中那个白发苍苍、衣着整齐的老人相去甚远。A. far from远非，与……相差甚远；B. close to接近；C. far beyond远超；D. free from摆脱。根据上文的“A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones”以及下文的“the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had expected.”可知，作者原本设想老师是“白发苍苍的老人”，实际是“穿牛仔裤的年轻人”，二者差距大，“far from”符合语境。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗布没有把我们拖入关于难以理解的哲学观点的枯燥争论中，而是以我们能理解的层面与我们交流。A. pulling拉，拖；B. leading带领；C. convincing说服；D. persuading劝说。根据下文的“boring arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points”可知，作者原以为会被迫参与枯燥争论，“pull into” 有 “卷入，拖入” 之意，符合语境。故选A项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到道德，我们回顾了自己做过的选择。A. suggestions建议；B. arrangements安排；C. choices选择；D. schedules日程。根据上文“To talk morals”以及下文的“we had made.”可知，个人所做的选择通常涉及道德方面的问题，回顾这些选择可以帮助学生更深入地了解道德。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题反而可能是最有吸引力的。A. boring无聊的；B. effective有效的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据上文“But recently I had an experience that taught me that my ____5____ in learning is more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.”可知，上了自己的第一堂哲学课后，作者发生了转变，对学习的兴趣变得更为灵活，因此他意识到的是没有正确答案的问题反而是最吸引人的问题。故选D项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放下偏见，我其实能从曾经轻视的学科中收获很多。A. confused使困惑；B. hit使突然意识到；C. warned警告；D. worried使担忧。根据下文“if I let go of my prejudice (偏见), I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once ____14____ .”可知，如果放下偏见，可以从这些人文学科中得到很多东西，是作者突然意识到的道理，固定句型it hit sb. that…意为“某人突然意识到……”。故选B项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放下偏见，我其实能从曾经轻视的学科中收获很多。A. did well in擅长；B. looked forward to期待；C. spoke highly of高度评价；D. thought little of轻视。根据上文“And I always naturally thought of these subjects as more reliable and ____3____ than classes like English.”可知，作者是轻视英语这类人文学科的。故选D项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这门课从多个方面教会我，要用开放的心态看待事物。A. open开放的；B. strong坚强的；C. sharp敏锐的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“It ___13____me that if I let go of my prejudice (偏见), I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once ____14____ .”可知，作者懂得了如果放下偏见，可以从这些人文学科中得到很多东西，因此是学会以开放的心态看待事物。故选A项。
56．success 57．a 58．challenging 59．leads 60．what 61．to pass 62．goals 63．based 64．for 65．surely
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向青少年提出了几条关于如何过上成功、快乐生活的建议，包括好好学习、培养爱好、设定目标等。
56．考查名词。句意：即使在青少年时期，你也能够成就人生中的辉煌。achieve后接名词success，作宾语。故填success。
57．考查冠词。句意：教育将赋予你必要的知识和技能，使你能够成为社会中富有成效的一员。此处member为泛指，且productive是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
58．考查形容词。句意：无论当下情况多么艰难，它所引领的未来都是光明且充满机遇的。how后接形容词或副词，此处修饰代词it（指代上学这件事），应用形容词challenging（有挑战性的）。故填challenging。
59．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：无论当下情况多么艰难，它所引领的未来都是光明且充满机遇的。主语it（指代 education）是第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用leads。故填leads。
60．考查宾语从句。句意：其次，做你热爱的事情。do后接宾语从句，从句中缺少love的宾语，应用what引导该从句，意为“做你热爱的事情”。故填what。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：这将是一种很好的消遣方式，还能帮助你塑造个人性格。a good way to do sth.（做某事的好方法）是固定表达，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to pass。
62．考查名词复数。句意：第三，明确你的人生目标，并朝着这些目标努力奋斗。goal（目标）是可数名词，根据句意“找出你的人生目标”应用复数形式goals，与后面的them呼应。故填goals。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：开始思考你希望从事的职业，但要根据自己的兴趣和优势做出明智的选择。make a choice based on...（基于……做出选择），过去分词短语作后置定语修饰choice。故填based。
64．考查介词。句意：这可能会成为你余生的事业！for the rest of your life（在你余生中）是固定搭配。故填for。
65．考查副词。句意：挑战自我，你一定会惊叹于自己所能达成的成就！修饰动词amazed需用副词surely（无疑地，肯定地）。故填surely。
66．One possible version:
Dear Student Union,
I am writing to recommend the establishment of a Speech and Debate Club to further enrich our extra-curricular activities. This club would organize regular debates, speeches, and public speaking workshops to help students improve their communication skills.
I believe such a club would be highly beneficial. It would provide a platform for students to improve their critical thinking, research, and communication skills. Participating in debates helps build confidence and encourages us to understand different perspectives on global issues, which is very valuable in an international school environment. This club would not only be educational but also engaging for a wide range of students.
I sincerely hope you will take my suggestion into consideration.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
67．One possible version:
Richard’s voice shook as he told Mr. Smith his story. He stammered through how he’d left his quiet hometown to chase a city job but in vain, and how he’d lost his phone and wallet — now with no way to call family or pay for food. Mr. Smith listened patiently and placed a comforting hand on Richard’s shoulder. “Don’t let this beat you,” he said firmly, eyes warm. “You left your hometown to chase something better — that takes persistence. The right job’s out there, and you’ll find it.” He slid a plate of fresh cookies and a few bills over, then added, “Take this to get by.” Richard’s eyes shone, and he nodded hard. “I won’t give up. And I promise — once I have a job, I’ll come back to thank you properly.”
A few months later, Richard, who now had a job, returned to the shop. He carried with him not only the money to repay Mr. Smith but also a heart full of gratitude. The familiar sweet smell of bread and the soft music welcomed him like an old friend. Mr. Smith was behind the counter, and his face lit up with a warm smile as before. Richard handed him the money, expressing his sincere thanks for the help that had been a lifeline when he needed it most. Mr. Smith initially refused, but Richard insisted. They shared a warm conversation, and Richard left, promising to visit whenever he was in the city. That day, he understood that a single act of kindness could create a ripple of hope that lasted long.

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