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江苏省海门中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中考试试卷
高二英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Karen do？
A. Check the time.
B. Stop playing the piano.
C. Apologize to her neighbors.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place？
A. On a bus.
B. In the street.
C. At a museum.
3. What does Michelle suggest Mark do？
A. See a doctor.
B. Control his diet.
C. Try the new ice cream shop.
4. What does the man think of the phone？
A. It is expensive.
B. It is outdated.
C. It is of poor quality.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A dinner party.
B. A new restaurant.
C. The cafeteria food.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is broken in the sales department？
A. A light.
B. A copy machine.
C. An air conditioner.
7. What is Max going to do first？
A. Deal with other urgent repairs.
B. Entertain important customers.
C. Arrange a lunch appointment.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How many people are expected to attend the party？
A About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350ao mf
9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room？
A. It is a bit far.
B. The decoration isn't good.
C. There's not enough room.
10. What will Dr Darren do next Friday night？
A. Listen to a report.
B. Take part in a party.
C. Work on a speech.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man make the call？
A. The quality of the pizzas is poor.
B. His delivery is seriously delayed.
C. He got the wrong number of pizzas.
12. How does the woman solve the problem？
A. Return the money.
B. Send the pizzas once more.
C. Take back the delivered pizzas.
13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint？
A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student
15. Why did Sam miss some classes？
A. He asked for sick leave.
B. He took a trip to London.
C. He looked after his father.
16. When will the speakers meet in the evening？
A. At 5: 00. B. At 6: 00. C. At7: 00.bnpmedand
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How much is the most popular ticket？
A. 39. B. 43. C. 55.
18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum？
A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer.
19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum？
A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington.
20. What is the speaker about to do？
A. Have a rest in a cafe.
B. Hand out some guidebooks.
C. Tour around the museum shop.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck
What’s in it for me If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup. Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck.
1. Who can apply to participate in the event
A. High school students interested in life science.
B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics.
C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance.
D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs.
2. What’s the purpose of this passage
A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation.
B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition
C. To promote the Merck company around the world.
D. To inform alumni of an important conference.
3. Which of the following is true about the event
A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food.
B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations.
C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes.
D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months.
B
When Areej El-Jawahri, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, signed the contract to purchase the house specially designed to fit the needs of multigenerational (多代的) residents, she knew she wanted her parents, who then lived in Michigan, to join her. “I wanted them to be in a state where I could help manage their health care needs,” she said. “As an only child from a Middle Eastern background, our culture is all about family units.”
El-Jawahri’s choice was not unique. A Pew Research Center analysis found that from 1971 to 2021, the number of people living in multigenerational households increased, with the share of the US population in these homes more than doubling, from 7 percent in 1971 to 18 percent in 2021.
“Rents in Boston are so high that I see lots of multigenerational living. Many young people move back in with their parents,” said Connie Brown, a global real estate adviser in Charlestown. “I have a rental apartment that’s $5, 000 a month, and we collect the first month’s rent, a security deposit (保证金), and our service fee, so it’s $20, 000 just to walk into the door.”
One of Brown’s clients, Brian Lash changed space over his garage to an apartment for his 92-year-old dad. “Living with my dad for those months was wonderful,” he said, noting that his father has since passed away. “We watched basketball, baseball, and golf, we went out for dinner, and I cooked for him. Those are the days I would never have had if I hadn’t built that apartment.”
Still, experts encourage people to have an open conversation before they move in together. They propose that both parties talk about whether there are shared expenses and who is responsible for what and that they put their agreements in writing. Cohabitation (同居) agreements are common among friends, but they are equally crucial for multigenerational families. Putting it in writing at the beginning of the process enables people to clarify viewpoints, and sometimes allows them to decide whether to move in together or not.
4. Why did El-Jawahri purchase the specially designed house
A. To ensure that her parents could be better cared.
B. To follow the traditional virtues of American culture.
C. To experience culture in a multigenerational community.
D. To acquire more household property in Boston for herself.
5. What does the Pew Research Center analysis show about multigenerational living
A. It is popular with Middle Easterners.
B. It is mainly favored by senior citizens.
C. It has seen greater acceptance in the US.
D. It frequently occurs in single-child families.
6. What did Brian Lash think of his living with his father
A. It provided financial savings.
B. It aroused his interest in sports.
C. It left warm memories in his mind.
D. It brought great changes to his daily life.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The reasons for people living together
B. Suggestions on harmonious cohabitation.
C. Convenience brought about by cohabitation.
D. The importance of multigenerational families.
C
When people talk about suddenly remembering old memories , the memories they’ re referring to are usually episodic (情景的) memories. As the name suggests, this type of memory stores the scenes of our life.
Another type of memory that can also be suddenly remembered is semantic memory. Our semantic memory is the storehouse of our knowledge, containing all the facts we know.
Usually, the recall of episodic and semantic memories has easily identifiable triggers (诱因) in our context. Context includes our physical surroundings as well as the aspects of our mental state, such as thoughts and feelings. For example, you’re eating a dish at a restaurant, and its smell reminds you of a similar dish your mom used to make. This is episodic memory. When someone says the word “Oscar”, the name of the movie that won the Oscar recently flashes in your mind. That belongs to semantic memory.
These memories had obvious triggers in our context, but sometimes, the memories that flash in our minds have no identifiable triggers. They seem to flash across our minds out of nowhere; therefore, they’ve been called mind-pops (闪念).
Mind-pops shouldn’t be confused with insight, which is the sudden pop ping up of a potential solution to a complex problem in the mind. Thus, mind- pops are semantic or autobiographical memories that suddenly flash in our minds without an easily identifiable trigger.
Mind-pops may comprise any piece of information, be it an image, a sound, or a word. They’re often experienced by people when they’re engaged in mundane tasks like mopping the floor or brushing teeth. Such ordinary and unexciting routines tend to inspire something in our mind. For example, you’re reading a book, and suddenly, the image of your school corridor pops into your mind for no reason. What you were reading or thinking at the time had no connection to your school.
I do experience mind-pops from time to time. But when I tried to look for cues in my con text that may have triggered my mind-pops, I would fail. Maybe such mind-pops are completely random.
8. Which of the following might be episodic memory
A. You predict a heavy rain is on the way.
B. A good idea flashes into your mind suddenly.
C. A song reminds you of your middle school graduation.
D. You think of a round shape when hearing the word “circle”.
9. What is a feature of mind-pops
A. They have obvious triggers. B. They come out without warning.
C. They appear in the form of images. D. They often bring long- lasting memories.
10. What does the underlined word “mundane” in paragraph 6 probably mean
A. Careful. B. Dull. C. Necessary. D. Challenging.
11. What is the aim of this passage
A. To explore human inner thoughts. B. To point out the memory formation.
C. To distinguish different memory scenes. D. To explain some similar memory phenomena.
D
A new study has revealed that a prehistoric sea cow was the target of two different predators (捕食动物) — an ancient crocodile and a tiger shark, providing rare insights into the complex food chains from millions of years ago. The research, conducted by an international team of scientists and published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, uncovers one of the few known instances where a single prey (猎物) was attacked by many predators.
The sea cow, belonging to the extinct group Culebratherium, was first attacked by a crocodile. Evidence then shows that after the initial attack, the sea cow’s remains were searched by a tiger shark, a tooth of which was found near the unlucky animal’s neck.
“Have you seen the Batman movie There is a scene where he and Alfred are shooting bullets to try and figure out which specific type of bullet they are trying to find, ” said Benites-Palomino, lead author of the research. “Our research was conducted in exactly the same way. We have these experiments in the wild where predators are attacking their prey, and then afterwards we try to compare which is the best scene for what we’re finding there.”
The find is particularly significant as it adds to the limited fossil record of multiple predators interacting with a single prey. Such interactions are common in today’s ecosystems, but are rarely documented in the fossil record, making this discovery an important piece of the puzzle in understanding ancient food webs.
“We have been unsure as to which animals would have served this purpose as a food source for multiple predators. Our previous research has identified sperm whales searched by several shark species, and this new research highlights the importance of sea cows within the food chain, ” Benites- Palomino said in a statement.
The digging, directed by Marcelo Sanchez- Villagra, head of the Palaeontological Institute and Museum in Zurich, Switzerland, was both challenging and rewarding. The site was initially discovered by a local farmer who spotted unusual rocks, inspiring the team to investigate further and eventually unearth the sea cow fossils.
12. What do we know about the prehistoric sea cow
A. It reached the top of food chains. B. It is thought to have complex teeth.
C. It belongs to an endangered species. D. It was attacked by two different animals.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The scene of animal fights. B. The method of the research.
C. The introduction of a movie. D. The danger of the experiments.
14. What does the importance of the study lie in
A. Challenging the current ecosystems. B. Offering insights into ancient food webs.
C. Clarifying the misunderstanding of sea cows. D. Figuring out the link between man and nature.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Batman Movie Inspired a Research B. A Puzzle in Complex Ancient Food Chains
C. Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow D. An Important Biological Discovery of a Farmer
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A fixed mindset of interest can harm creativity and innovation. If people believe they are limited to only a few particular interests and, in consequence, do not explore other areas, they may miss seeing important connections across different dimensions. ____16____ Those who with a growth mindset are also more likely to be creative when solving problems.
____17____ In June, we published findings from an intervention that succeeded in that aim. In two studies involving more than 700 first- year liberal arts undergraduates, we began by assessing how our participants saw themselves. The majority held strong interests in the arts, humanities and social sciences. ____18____
We then randomly assigned students to either our intervention or a study skills module. Our intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as cultivated rather than as simply found and fixed. ____19____ The study skills module had a similar set of exercises but with an emphasis on building classic skills, such as time management and active learning.
These students were required to take at least one math and science course during their first year. That meant we could check how the intervention may have influenced their perspectives on math and science.
By the end of the year, students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses than those who received the study skills module —— and this boost was particularly apparent among students who initially reported that they were not a“ math- and- science person”. ____20____ These students became more skilled in math and science and grew into interdisciplinary (跨学科的) scholars.
A. So can a growth mindset of interest be taught
B. How can a growth mindset of interest be cultivated
C. Meanwhile, a growth mindset of interest comes with many advantages.
D. Moreover, most reported that they were not a “math- and- science person”
E. They also earned better grades in courses than those receiving the study skills module.
F. However, a growth mindset of interest can fuel people's further exploration to different fields.
G. For example, students read an article stating the benefits of viewing interests as developable.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At age sixty-one, “Daddy” Bruce Randolph opened Daddy Bruce’s Barbecue Restaurant in the “Five Points” area, a poor section of Denver. He was a kind and ____21____ man, who helped numerous people — not just his customers, but the poor and the ____22____.
Every Thanksgiving, Bruce and his son would ____23____ engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless. He wanted them to have a great and free ____24____ on this special day. About a week before, Bruce began ____25____ all the food. In the early years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket. But as time went by, the ____26____ skyrocketed as the crowds grew. That’s when Bruce’s ____27____ stepped in to help. They ____28____ tons of turkeys, potatoes, yams and ribs. And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man. They ____29____ to cook and serve. It was a rare moment to ____30____ a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct (高架桥).
Due to the participation of various people, it seems there was an endless ____31____ of food to feed those homeless people. No one ever walked away ____32____ from Bruce’s restaurant. It was Bruce who ____33____ the whole thing and supervised it until a few years ago when he edged towards ninety. He had become too old to ____34____ anymore. He was one of the few people who lived to see a city street named in his ____35____. Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 34th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”.
21. A. curious B. honest C. generous D. active
22. A. disabled B. homeless C. injured D. old
23. A. confidently B. gradually C. completely D. successfully
24. A. check B. dinner C. journey D. ride
25. A. preparing B. transporting C. collecting D. handling
26. A. prices B. profits C. resources D. costs
27. A. relatives B. admirers C. customers D. classmates
28. A. ate B. donated C. produced D. sold
29. A. promised B. demanded C. attempted D. volunteered
30. A. forbid B. see C. stop D. catch
31. A. supply B. charity C. creation D. discovery
32. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. hopeless
33. A. started B. raced C. discovered D. won
34. A. stay B. live C. blame D. work
35. A. honour B. view C. life D. favour
第二节（10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently____36____(unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____(current) on display.
The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____(form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes,____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic and practical ____41____(function). Bronzeware is another eye- catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that____43____(date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string- patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in connecting China with the world.
It is also worth ____44____(note) that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____(understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，上周六你班参观了当地的传统手工作坊（handicraft workshop），请你写一则短文向校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1. 你的经历；
2. 你的收获。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Nature, while beautiful, could also be unpredictable and merciless. But most importantly we bear in mind that in the darkest times, there’s always a light at the end of the tunnel, just like Mrs. Evans‘ cabin light.
One bright summer day, my friend Peter and I decided to venture into the unexplored trails of the Great Smoky Mountains. Blessed with rich biodiversity and fascinating landscapes, the national park seemed a perfect getaway. Little did we know that our casual hike would soon turn into an unexpected personal incident, forever engraved in our memories.
We set off early in the morning, equipped with our backpacks and a map that was supposed to guide us through the winding trails. The sun was up, casting long shadows on the forest floor as we set off on our journey. We trekked (艰难行走), laughed, and marveled at the beauty of nature around us.
As we trekked through the dense forests, taking in the natural wonders around us, we couldn’t help but feel a sense of adventure coursing through our veins. The trail was rugged and uneven, but we persevered through the challenging landscape.
Midway through our expedition, we stumbled upon a breathtaking waterfall, its glistening waters cascading down the rocks in a quiet and peaceful melody. We sat down by the water’s edge, taking a moment to get lost in the beauty of nature. The cool mist from the waterfall enveloped us, and we felt refreshed and energetic.
As the day wore on, we ventured deeper into the wilderness, eager to explore every corner of this natural paradise. We were so absorbed in the beauty of nature that just didn't notice our way and it seemed that we could not find the way back to the familiar part of the forest. Panicking, we scrambled to find our way back but the dense vegetation and winding trails only served to confuse us further. We tried to remember any possible signs that might lead us back, No sooner had we celebrated our return to the clear trails than something worse happened.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para.1:Suddenly, the weather took an abrupt turn.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.2:Just when we were about to give up, a faint light flickered in the distance
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
江苏省海门中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中考试试卷
高二英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Karen do？
A. Check the time.
B. Stop playing the piano.
C. Apologize to her neighbors.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place？
A. On a bus.
B. In the street.
C. At a museum.
3. What does Michelle suggest Mark do？
A. See a doctor.
B. Control his diet.
C. Try the new ice cream shop.
4. What does the man think of the phone？
A. It is expensive.
B. It is outdated.
C. It is of poor quality.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A dinner party.
B. A new restaurant.
C. The cafeteria food.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is broken in the sales department？
A. A light.
B. A copy machine.
C. An air conditioner.
7. What is Max going to do first？
A. Deal with other urgent repairs.
B. Entertain important customers.
C. Arrange a lunch appointment.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How many people are expected to attend the party？
A About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350ao mf
9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room？
A. It is a bit far.
B. The decoration isn't good.
C. There's not enough room.
10. What will Dr Darren do next Friday night？
A. Listen to a report.
B. Take part in a party.
C. Work on a speech.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man make the call？
A. The quality of the pizzas is poor.
B. His delivery is seriously delayed.
C. He got the wrong number of pizzas.
12. How does the woman solve the problem？
A. Return the money.
B. Send the pizzas once more.
C. Take back the delivered pizzas.
13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint？
A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student
15. Why did Sam miss some classes？
A. He asked for sick leave.
B. He took a trip to London.
C. He looked after his father.
16. When will the speakers meet in the evening？
A. At 5: 00. B. At 6: 00. C. At7: 00.bnpmedand
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How much is the most popular ticket？
A. 39. B. 43. C. 55.
18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum？
A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer.
19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum？
A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington.
20. What is the speaker about to do？
A. Have a rest in a cafe.
B. Hand out some guidebooks.
C. Tour around the museum shop.
听力：BABAC CABCC CBCAA CABCB
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck
What’s in it for me If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup. Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck.
1. Who can apply to participate in the event
A. High school students interested in life science.
B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics.
C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance.
D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs.
2. What’s the purpose of this passage
A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation.
B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition
C. To promote the Merck company around the world.
D. To inform alumni of an important conference.
3. Which of the following is true about the event
A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food.
B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations.
C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes.
D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
B
When Areej El-Jawahri, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, signed the contract to purchase the house specially designed to fit the needs of multigenerational (多代的) residents, she knew she wanted her parents, who then lived in Michigan, to join her. “I wanted them to be in a state where I could help manage their health care needs,” she said. “As an only child from a Middle Eastern background, our culture is all about family units.”
El-Jawahri’s choice was not unique. A Pew Research Center analysis found that from 1971 to 2021, the number of people living in multigenerational households increased, with the share of the US population in these homes more than doubling, from 7 percent in 1971 to 18 percent in 2021.
“Rents in Boston are so high that I see lots of multigenerational living. Many young people move back in with their parents,” said Connie Brown, a global real estate adviser in Charlestown. “I have a rental apartment that’s $5, 000 a month, and we collect the first month’s rent, a security deposit (保证金), and our service fee, so it’s $20, 000 just to walk into the door.”
One of Brown’s clients, Brian Lash changed space over his garage to an apartment for his 92-year-old dad. “Living with my dad for those months was wonderful,” he said, noting that his father has since passed away. “We watched basketball, baseball, and golf, we went out for dinner, and I cooked for him. Those are the days I would never have had if I hadn’t built that apartment.”
Still, experts encourage people to have an open conversation before they move in together. They propose that both parties talk about whether there are shared expenses and who is responsible for what and that they put their agreements in writing. Cohabitation (同居) agreements are common among friends, but they are equally crucial for multigenerational families. Putting it in writing at the beginning of the process enables people to clarify viewpoints, and sometimes allows them to decide whether to move in together or not.
4. Why did El-Jawahri purchase the specially designed house
A. To ensure that her parents could be better cared.
B. To follow the traditional virtues of American culture.
C. To experience culture in a multigenerational community.
D. To acquire more household property in Boston for herself.
5. What does the Pew Research Center analysis show about multigenerational living
A. It is popular with Middle Easterners.
B. It is mainly favored by senior citizens.
C. It has seen greater acceptance in the US.
D. It frequently occurs in single-child families.
6. What did Brian Lash think of his living with his father
A. It provided financial savings.
B. It aroused his interest in sports.
C. It left warm memories in his mind.
D. It brought great changes to his daily life.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The reasons for people living together
B. Suggestions on harmonious cohabitation.
C. Convenience brought about by cohabitation.
D. The importance of multigenerational families.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B
C
When people talk about suddenly remembering old memories , the memories they’ re referring to are usually episodic (情景的) memories. As the name suggests, this type of memory stores the scenes of our life.
Another type of memory that can also be suddenly remembered is semantic memory. Our semantic memory is the storehouse of our knowledge, containing all the facts we know.
Usually, the recall of episodic and semantic memories has easily identifiable triggers (诱因) in our context. Context includes our physical surroundings as well as the aspects of our mental state, such as thoughts and feelings. For example, you’re eating a dish at a restaurant, and its smell reminds you of a similar dish your mom used to make. This is episodic memory. When someone says the word “Oscar”, the name of the movie that won the Oscar recently flashes in your mind. That belongs to semantic memory.
These memories had obvious triggers in our context, but sometimes, the memories that flash in our minds have no identifiable triggers. They seem to flash across our minds out of nowhere; therefore, they’ve been called mind-pops (闪念).
Mind-pops shouldn’t be confused with insight, which is the sudden pop ping up of a potential solution to a complex problem in the mind. Thus, mind- pops are semantic or autobiographical memories that suddenly flash in our minds without an easily identifiable trigger.
Mind-pops may comprise any piece of information, be it an image, a sound, or a word. They’re often experienced by people when they’re engaged in mundane tasks like mopping the floor or brushing teeth. Such ordinary and unexciting routines tend to inspire something in our mind. For example, you’re reading a book, and suddenly, the image of your school corridor pops into your mind for no reason. What you were reading or thinking at the time had no connection to your school.
I do experience mind-pops from time to time. But when I tried to look for cues in my con text that may have triggered my mind-pops, I would fail. Maybe such mind-pops are completely random.
8. Which of the following might be episodic memory
A. You predict a heavy rain is on the way.
B. A good idea flashes into your mind suddenly.
C. A song reminds you of your middle school graduation.
D. You think of a round shape when hearing the word “circle”.
9. What is a feature of mind-pops
A. They have obvious triggers. B. They come out without warning.
C. They appear in the form of images. D. They often bring long- lasting memories.
10. What does the underlined word “mundane” in paragraph 6 probably mean
A. Careful. B. Dull. C. Necessary. D. Challenging.
11. What is the aim of this passage
A. To explore human inner thoughts. B. To point out the memory formation.
C. To distinguish different memory scenes. D. To explain some similar memory phenomena.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D
D
A new study has revealed that a prehistoric sea cow was the target of two different predators (捕食动物) — an ancient crocodile and a tiger shark, providing rare insights into the complex food chains from millions of years ago. The research, conducted by an international team of scientists and published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, uncovers one of the few known instances where a single prey (猎物) was attacked by many predators.
The sea cow, belonging to the extinct group Culebratherium, was first attacked by a crocodile. Evidence then shows that after the initial attack, the sea cow’s remains were searched by a tiger shark, a tooth of which was found near the unlucky animal’s neck.
“Have you seen the Batman movie There is a scene where he and Alfred are shooting bullets to try and figure out which specific type of bullet they are trying to find, ” said Benites-Palomino, lead author of the research. “Our research was conducted in exactly the same way. We have these experiments in the wild where predators are attacking their prey, and then afterwards we try to compare which is the best scene for what we’re finding there.”
The find is particularly significant as it adds to the limited fossil record of multiple predators interacting with a single prey. Such interactions are common in today’s ecosystems, but are rarely documented in the fossil record, making this discovery an important piece of the puzzle in understanding ancient food webs.
“We have been unsure as to which animals would have served this purpose as a food source for multiple predators. Our previous research has identified sperm whales searched by several shark species, and this new research highlights the importance of sea cows within the food chain, ” Benites- Palomino said in a statement.
The digging, directed by Marcelo Sanchez- Villagra, head of the Palaeontological Institute and Museum in Zurich, Switzerland, was both challenging and rewarding. The site was initially discovered by a local farmer who spotted unusual rocks, inspiring the team to investigate further and eventually unearth the sea cow fossils.
12. What do we know about the prehistoric sea cow
A. It reached the top of food chains. B. It is thought to have complex teeth.
C. It belongs to an endangered species. D. It was attacked by two different animals.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The scene of animal fights. B. The method of the research.
C. The introduction of a movie. D. The danger of the experiments.
14. What does the importance of the study lie in
A. Challenging the current ecosystems. B. Offering insights into ancient food webs.
C. Clarifying the misunderstanding of sea cows. D. Figuring out the link between man and nature.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Batman Movie Inspired a Research B. A Puzzle in Complex Ancient Food Chains
C. Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow D. An Important Biological Discovery of a Farmer
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A fixed mindset of interest can harm creativity and innovation. If people believe they are limited to only a few particular interests and, in consequence, do not explore other areas, they may miss seeing important connections across different dimensions. ____16____ Those who with a growth mindset are also more likely to be creative when solving problems.
____17____ In June, we published findings from an intervention that succeeded in that aim. In two studies involving more than 700 first- year liberal arts undergraduates, we began by assessing how our participants saw themselves. The majority held strong interests in the arts, humanities and social sciences. ____18____
We then randomly assigned students to either our intervention or a study skills module. Our intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as cultivated rather than as simply found and fixed. ____19____ The study skills module had a similar set of exercises but with an emphasis on building classic skills, such as time management and active learning.
These students were required to take at least one math and science course during their first year. That meant we could check how the intervention may have influenced their perspectives on math and science.
By the end of the year, students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses than those who received the study skills module —— and this boost was particularly apparent among students who initially reported that they were not a“ math- and- science person”. ____20____ These students became more skilled in math and science and grew into interdisciplinary (跨学科的) scholars.
A. So can a growth mindset of interest be taught
B. How can a growth mindset of interest be cultivated
C. Meanwhile, a growth mindset of interest comes with many advantages.
D. Moreover, most reported that they were not a “math- and- science person”
E. They also earned better grades in courses than those receiving the study skills module.
F. However, a growth mindset of interest can fuel people's further exploration to different fields.
G. For example, students read an article stating the benefits of viewing interests as developable.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. E
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At age sixty-one, “Daddy” Bruce Randolph opened Daddy Bruce’s Barbecue Restaurant in the “Five Points” area, a poor section of Denver. He was a kind and ____21____ man, who helped numerous people — not just his customers, but the poor and the ____22____.
Every Thanksgiving, Bruce and his son would ____23____ engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless. He wanted them to have a great and free ____24____ on this special day. About a week before, Bruce began ____25____ all the food. In the early years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket. But as time went by, the ____26____ skyrocketed as the crowds grew. That’s when Bruce’s ____27____ stepped in to help. They ____28____ tons of turkeys, potatoes, yams and ribs. And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man. They ____29____ to cook and serve. It was a rare moment to ____30____ a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct (高架桥).
Due to the participation of various people, it seems there was an endless ____31____ of food to feed those homeless people. No one ever walked away ____32____ from Bruce’s restaurant. It was Bruce who ____33____ the whole thing and supervised it until a few years ago when he edged towards ninety. He had become too old to ____34____ anymore. He was one of the few people who lived to see a city street named in his ____35____. Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 34th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”.
21. A. curious B. honest C. generous D. active
22. A. disabled B. homeless C. injured D. old
23. A. confidently B. gradually C. completely D. successfully
24. A. check B. dinner C. journey D. ride
25. A. preparing B. transporting C. collecting D. handling
26. A. prices B. profits C. resources D. costs
27. A. relatives B. admirers C. customers D. classmates
28. A. ate B. donated C. produced D. sold
29. A. promised B. demanded C. attempted D. volunteered
30. A. forbid B. see C. stop D. catch
31. A. supply B. charity C. creation D. discovery
32. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. hopeless
33. A. started B. raced C. discovered D. won
34. A. stay B. live C. blame D. work
35. A. honour B. view C. life D. favour
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
第二节（10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently____36____(unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____(current) on display.
The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____(form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes,____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic and practical ____41____(function). Bronzeware is another eye- catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that____43____(date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string- patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in connecting China with the world.
It is also worth ____44____(note) that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____(understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better.
【答案】36. unearthed
37. currently
38. and 39. formation
40. which 41. functions
42. from 43. dates
44. noting 45. to understand
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，上周六你班参观了当地的传统手工作坊（handicraft workshop），请你写一则短文向校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1. 你的经历；
2. 你的收获。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop
Last Saturday, our class went on a journey through time to a local handicraft workshop, where the art of making is not just an exceptional skill, but a living, breathing tradition.
As we stepped into the workshop, the air was filled with the scent of clay and the soft hum of tools at work. Stunned by a wide array of delicate ceramics, I embarked on my first attempt at a vase under the guidance of a seasoned craftsman. With the wheel spinning and clay taking form under my hands, I was overwhelmed with thrill and satisfaction.
This experience has left me with a newfound respect for the art of making and deeper insights into the cultural heritage that the craft represents.
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Nature, while beautiful, could also be unpredictable and merciless. But most importantly we bear in mind that in the darkest times, there’s always a light at the end of the tunnel, just like Mrs. Evans‘ cabin light.
One bright summer day, my friend Peter and I decided to venture into the unexplored trails of the Great Smoky Mountains. Blessed with rich biodiversity and fascinating landscapes, the national park seemed a perfect getaway. Little did we know that our casual hike would soon turn into an unexpected personal incident, forever engraved in our memories.
We set off early in the morning, equipped with our backpacks and a map that was supposed to guide us through the winding trails. The sun was up, casting long shadows on the forest floor as we set off on our journey. We trekked (艰难行走), laughed, and marveled at the beauty of nature around us.
As we trekked through the dense forests, taking in the natural wonders around us, we couldn’t help but feel a sense of adventure coursing through our veins. The trail was rugged and uneven, but we persevered through the challenging landscape.
Midway through our expedition, we stumbled upon a breathtaking waterfall, its glistening waters cascading down the rocks in a quiet and peaceful melody. We sat down by the water’s edge, taking a moment to get lost in the beauty of nature. The cool mist from the waterfall enveloped us, and we felt refreshed and energetic.
As the day wore on, we ventured deeper into the wilderness, eager to explore every corner of this natural paradise. We were so absorbed in the beauty of nature that just didn't notice our way and it seemed that we could not find the way back to the familiar part of the forest. Panicking, we scrambled to find our way back but the dense vegetation and winding trails only served to confuse us further. We tried to remember any possible signs that might lead us back, No sooner had we celebrated our return to the clear trails than something worse happened.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para.1:Suddenly, the weather took an abrupt turn.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.2:Just when we were about to give up, a faint light flickered in the distance
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Suddenly, the weather took an abrupt turn. Dark clouds shrouded the sky, and a heavy downpour ensued. The comforting forest sounds quickly proved a terrifying symphony of thunder and wind. The trail that was once so clear became a muddy mess, making it impossible to go on. We tried to consult our map, but it was too late; we got lost in the wildness. Hours passing, our attempts to find the trail turned out to be in vain. With the cold creeping in, despair started to set in.
Just when we were about to give up, a faint light flickered in the distance. Curiosity overpowered our fear, and we decided to follow it. When we drew nearer, we saw a small log cabin, lights shining from its windows. Knocking on the door, an elderly woman, Mrs. Evans, welcomed us with a warm smile. She was a retired ranger who had chosen to live her twilight years in the heart of the mountains. She offered us shelter for the night, and the next morning, guided us back to the main trail. This incident strengthened our friendship and taught us the importance of resilience and hope. The experience was beyond expectation, terrifying, but enlightening all the same.
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