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冀教版 必修2 Unit 1 Family.派生法记单词
序号 原词 例句 派生词 派生词例句
1 joy /d / n. 高兴；愉快 1. Her face was full of joy when she won the English competition.（赢得英语比赛时，她的脸上满是喜悦。）2. We shared the joy of finishing the project on time together.（我们一起分享了按时完成项目的喜悦。） 1. joyous / d s/ adj. 快乐的；愉悦的2. joyfully / d f li/ adv. 高兴地；愉快地 1. The square was filled with joyous celebrations during the National Day.（国庆节期间，广场上满是欢乐的庆祝活动。）2. Children ran joyfully in the park when they saw the balloons.（孩子们看到气球时，在公园里高兴地奔跑。）
2 surround /s ra nd/ v. 围绕；环绕 1. The small town is surrounded by dense forests and clear rivers.（这个小镇被茂密的森林和清澈的河流环绕。）2. Teachers surrounded the student to comfort her after she failed the exam.（学生考试失利后，老师们围在她身边安慰她。） 1. surroundings /s ra nd z/ n. 环境；周围事物（集合名词）2. surrounding /s ra nd / adj. 周围的；附近的 1. New students often need time to adapt to the school’s surroundings.（新生通常需要时间适应学校环境。）2. The surrounding communities benefit a lot from the new library.（周边社区从新图书馆中获益良多。）
3 desire /d za (r)/ n. & v. 渴望；欲望 1. Most teenagers have a strong desire to travel around the world.（大多数青少年都有环游世界的强烈渴望。）2. She desires to improve her speaking skills by practicing every day.（她渴望通过每天练习提高口语能力。） 1. desirous /d za r s/ adj. 渴望的；想要的（常与of搭配）2. desired /d za d/ adj. 渴望的；期望的 1. Young people are desirous of new experiences to broaden their horizons.（年轻人渴望新的经历以开阔眼界。）2. After months of hard work, we finally achieved the desired result.（经过数月努力，我们终于达成了期望的结果。）
4 failure / fe lj (r)/ n. 失败；失败的人（或事） 1. His failure in the physics exam made him decide to study harder.（物理考试失利让他决定更努力学习。）2. We should view failure as a chance to learn rather than a loss.（我们应把失败看作学习的机会，而非损失。） 1. fail /fe l/ v. 失败；未能（做到）；不及格2. failing / fe l / n. 缺点；弱点 1. If you don’t practice regularly, you may fail the driving test.（如果不经常练习，你可能通不过驾照考试。）2. Recognizing one’s own failings is the first step to improvement.（认识到自身的缺点是进步的第一步。）
5 passion / p n/ n. 盛怒；激情；热爱 1. She talked about her passion for environmental protection with great enthusiasm.（她满怀热情地谈论对环保的热爱。）2. His passion for music led him to learn the piano at the age of five.（对音乐的热爱让他五岁就开始学钢琴。） 1. passionate / p n t/ adj. 热情的；热烈的2. passionately / p n tli/ adv. 热情地；热烈地 1. He is a passionate volunteer who devotes his weekends to helping the elderly.（他是位热情的志愿者，周末都用来帮助老人。）2. She spoke passionately about the importance of protecting cultural heritage.（她热烈地阐述保护文化遗产的重要性。）
6 resistance /r z st ns/ n. 抗拒；抵制；抵抗力 1. Some students showed resistance to the new homework policy at first.（起初，部分学生对新作业政策表现出抵制。）2. Eating more fruits can enhance the body’s resistance to colds.（多吃水果能提高身体对感冒的抵抗力。） 1. resist /r z st/ v. 抵抗；抗拒；忍住2. resistant /r z st nt/ adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的（常与to搭配） 1. It’s difficult to resist the temptation of delicious desserts.（很难抵抗美味甜点的诱惑。）2. These new seeds can grow into crops resistant to pests.（这些新种子能长成抗虫害的作物。）
7 eager / i ɡ (r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的（常与for/to do搭配） 1. The children are eager to visit the science museum this weekend.（孩子们热切盼望这周末去参观科技馆。）2. He is eager for feedback from his teacher on his composition.（他渴望得到老师对自己作文的反馈。） 1. eagerness / i ɡ n s/ n. 渴望；热切2. eagerly / i ɡ li/ adv. 热切地；渴望地 1. Her eagerness to learn new things impressed all her classmates.（她学习新事物的渴望给所有同学留下了深刻印象。）2. Students listened eagerly as the professor explained the new theory.（教授讲解新理论时，学生们热切地倾听。）
8 acquire / kwa (r)/ v. 获得；购得；习得 1. It takes years to acquire a foreign language well.（学好一门外语需要数年时间。）2. The company decided to acquire a small tech firm to expand its business.（该公司决定收购一家小型科技公司以扩大业务。） 1. acquisition / kw z n/ n. 获得；习得；收购2. acquired / kwa d/ adj. 后天获得的；习得的 1. The acquisition of communication skills is key to social success.（沟通技能的习得是社交成功的关键。）2. Reading widely helps build up acquired knowledge in different fields.（广泛阅读有助于积累不同领域的后天知识。）
9 conductor /k n d kt (r)/ n. 列车长；（乐队）指挥；导体 1. The conductor checked our tickets carefully before we got on the train.（上车前，列车长仔细检查了我们的车票。）2. The famous conductor led the orchestra to perform in our city last night.（昨晚，这位著名指挥家带领管弦乐队在我市演出。） 1. conduct /k n d kt/ v. 传导；组织；实施2. conductive /k n d kt v/ adj. 导电的；导热的 1. The research team will conduct a survey on students’ reading habits.（研究团队将针对学生阅读习惯开展一项调查。）2. Metal is more conductive than plastic, so it’s used to make wires.（金属比塑料导电，因此被用来制作电线。）
10 immediately / mi di tli/ adv. 立即；马上 1. Please call the doctor immediately if you feel any discomfort.（如果感到任何不适，请立即打电话给医生。）2. He rushed to the classroom immediately after hearing the bell.（听到铃声后，他立刻冲向教室。） 1. immediate / mi di t/ adj. 立即的；直接的2. immediacy / mi di si/ n. 即时性；紧迫性 1. The problem requires immediate action to avoid further damage.（这个问题需要立即采取行动，避免进一步损失。）2. The immediacy of online news makes it popular among young people.（网络新闻的即时性使其在年轻人中很受欢迎。）
11 achievement / t i vm nt/ n. 成就；功绩 1. Winning the national math contest is a great achievement for her.（赢得全国数学竞赛对她来说是一项重大成就。）2. The team’s biggest achievement is finishing the project ahead of schedule.（该团队最大的成就是提前完成项目。） 1. achieve / t i v/ v. 实现；达到；获得2. achievable / t i v bl/ adj. 可实现的；可达成的 1. With hard work and persistence, you can achieve your dreams.（凭借努力和坚持，你能实现自己的梦想。）2. We should set realistic and achievable goals for each semester.（我们应为每个学期设定切实可行的目标。）
12 arrangement / re nd m nt/ n. 安排；筹备；布置 1. The school made special arrangements for the exchange students’ accommodation.（学校为交换生的住宿做了特殊安排。）2. She is in charge of the arrangement of the company’s annual meeting.（她负责公司年会的筹备工作。） 1. arrange / re nd / v. 安排；整理；筹备2. arranged / re nd d/ adj. 安排好的；包办的 1. Can you arrange a meeting between the manager and the clients （你能安排经理和客户之间的会面吗？）2. Arranged marriages were once common in some Asian countries.（包办婚姻曾在一些亚洲国家很常见。）
13 roll /r l/ n. 卷；卷轴；面包卷 1. She bought a roll of paper towels from the supermarket.（她从超市买了一卷纸巾。）2. The baker made fresh rolls for breakfast this morning.（面包师今早做了新鲜的面包卷当早餐。） 1. roll /r l/ v. 滚动；翻滚；卷起2. rolling / r l / adj. 滚动的；连绵起伏的 1. The little boy watched the ball roll across the floor.（小男孩看着球滚过地板。）2. We drove through rolling green hills on our way to the village.（去村庄的路上，我们开车穿过了连绵起伏的青山。）
14 current / k r nt/ adj. 流行的；当前的 1. This is the current trend in fashion this year.（这是今年时尚界的流行趋势。）2. The current situation requires us to change our work plan.（当前形势要求我们改变工作计划。） 1. current / k r nt/ n. 水流；电流；趋势2. currently / k r ntli/ adv. 目前；当前 1. The strong current in the river makes swimming dangerous.（河里湍急的水流使游泳很危险。）2. He is currently working on a new novel about family life.（他目前正在创作一部关于家庭生活的新小说。）
15 regular / reɡj l (r)/ adj. 平常的；有规律的；定期的 1. She has a regular habit of getting up at 6 o’clock every morning.（她有每天早上6点起床的规律习惯。）2. The company holds regular meetings to discuss work progress.（公司定期召开会议，讨论工作进展。） 1. regular / reɡj l (r)/ n. 常客；规律的事物2. regularity / reɡju l r ti/ n. 规律性；规则性 1. He is a regular at this café—he comes here every Sunday.（他是这家咖啡馆的常客，每周日都来。）2. Maintaining the regularity of daily exercise is good for health.（保持日常锻炼的规律性对健康有益。）
16 refer /r f (r)/ v. 提到；涉及；参考（常与to搭配） 1. The teacher often refers to his own experiences in class.（老师上课时常提到自己的经历。）2. You can refer to this dictionary when you meet new words.（遇到生词时，你可以参考这本词典。） 1. reference / refr ns/ n. 参考；提及；参考书2. referential / ref ren l/ adj. 参考的；指示的 1. This book provides useful reference for English learners.（这本书为英语学习者提供了有用的参考。）2. The report includes referential data for further research.（这份报告包含供进一步研究的参考数据。）
17 truly / tru li/ adv. 真正；确实；真诚地 1. He truly cares about his students’ growth and development.（他真心关心学生的成长与发展。）2. This movie truly reflects the life of ordinary people in the 1990s.（这部电影真实反映了90年代普通人的生活。） 1. truth /tru θ/ n. 真相；事实；真理2. truthful / tru θfl/ adj. 诚实的；如实的 1. We should have the courage to face the truth, no matter how hard it is.（无论真相多艰难，我们都应有勇气面对。）2. She gave a truthful account of what happened at the party.（她如实描述了聚会上发生的事情。）
18 graduate / ɡr d ue t/ v. 毕业；获得学位 1. She will graduate from university with a degree in biology next year.（她明年将从大学毕业，获得生物学学位。）2. He graduated from high school three years ago and now works as an engineer.（他三年前高中毕业，现在是一名工程师。） 1. graduate / ɡr d u t/ n. 毕业生；学位获得者2. graduation / ɡr d u e n/ n. 毕业；毕业典礼 1. Many college graduates choose to work in big cities after graduation.（许多大学毕业生毕业后选择去大城市工作。）2. We attended our friend’s graduation ceremony at Peking University.（我们参加了朋友在北京大学的毕业典礼。）
19 formal / f ml/ adj. 正规的；正式的；庄重的 1. You need to wear formal clothes to attend the company’s annual dinner.（参加公司年度晚宴需要穿正式服装。）2. The meeting will be held in a more formal atmosphere than usual.（这次会议的氛围将比往常更正式。） 1. formality /f m l ti/ n. 礼节；正式手续；拘谨2. formally / f m li/ adv. 正式地；形式上 1. You need to go through some formalities before checking into the hotel.（入住酒店前，你需要办理一些手续。）2. The two countries formally established diplomatic relations last month.（两国上月正式建立外交关系。）
20 earn / n/ v. 挣钱；赚得；赢得（名声等） 1. He earns a living by working as a part-time tutor after school.（他放学后做兼职家教谋生。）2. Her hard work earned her the respect of all her colleagues.（她的努力工作赢得了所有同事的尊重。） 1. earner / n (r)/ n. 挣钱者；谋生者2. earnings / n z/ n. 收入；所得（复数） 1. The government has launched a plan to support low-income earners.（政府推出了一项支持低收入者的计划。）2. His earnings from his part-time job cover his tuition fees.（他兼职的收入支付了学费。）
21 appreciate / pri ie t/ v. 感激；感谢；欣赏 1. I really appreciate your help with my English homework.（非常感谢你帮我做英语作业。）2. She appreciates classical music and often goes to concerts.（她欣赏古典音乐，经常去听音乐会。） 1. appreciation / pri i e n/ n. 感激；欣赏；理解2. appreciative / pri t v/ adj. 感激的；欣赏的（常与of搭配） 1. We expressed our sincere appreciation for the volunteers’ hard work.（我们对志愿者的辛勤工作表示诚挚的感谢。）2. She was appreciative of the warm welcome from the local people.（她对当地人的热烈欢迎表示感激。）
22 ensure / n (r)/ v. 确保；保证；担保 1. We need to take measures to ensure the safety of the students.（我们需要采取措施确保学生的安全。）2. The company promised to ensure the quality of its products.（公司承诺保证产品质量。） 1. assurance / r ns/ n. 保证；担保；确信2. ensuring / n r / adj. 确保的；保证的 1. The manager gave us an assurance that the problem would be solved soon.（经理向我们保证问题很快会解决。）2. Ensuring equal opportunities for all students is the school’s goal.（确保所有学生享有平等机会是学校的目标。）
23 sacrifice / s kr fa s/ n. & v. 牺牲；舍弃；祭品 1. Parents often make great sacrifices for their children’s education.（父母常为孩子的教育做出巨大牺牲。）2. He sacrificed his spare time to help the elderly in the community.（他牺牲业余时间帮助社区里的老人。） 1. sacrificial / s kr f l/ adj. 牺牲的；奉献的2. sacrifice / s kr fa z/ v. 牺牲；舍弃（核心动词用法） 1. The firefighters’ sacrificial spirit moved all the people in the city.（消防员的奉献精神感动了全城人民。）2. She decided to sacrifice her vacation to finish the important project.（她决定牺牲假期来完成这个重要项目。）
24 definition / def n n/ n. 定义；解释；清晰度 1. Can you give a clear definition of the word “creativity” （你能给“创造力”这个词下一个清晰的定义吗？）2. The definition of the image on this phone is much higher than the old one.（这部手机的图像清晰度比旧手机高得多。） 1. definite / def n t/ adj. 明确的；确定的；肯定的2. definitely / def n tli/ adv. 肯定地；确定地；明确地 1. We need a definite answer before we make the final decision.（做最终决定前，我们需要一个明确的答案。）2. I will definitely attend the meeting tomorrow—don’t worry.（我明天肯定会参加会议，别担心。）
25 marriage / m r d / n. 婚姻；结婚；婚姻生活 1. Their marriage has been happy and harmonious for over 20 years.（他们的婚姻幸福和睦，已有20多年。）2. The couple held a simple marriage ceremony with only their family present.（这对夫妇举办了简单的婚礼，只有家人在场。） 1. marry / m ri/ v. 结婚；嫁；娶2. marital / m r tl/ adj. 婚姻的；夫妻关系的 1. They fell in love at first sight and decided to marry a year later.（他们一见钟情，一年后决定结婚。）2. The survey collects data on marital status and family income.（这项调查收集婚姻状况和家庭收入的数据。）
26 former / f m (r)/ adj. 以前的；前者的 1. Her former job was a nurse, but now she works as a teacher.（她以前的工作是护士，现在是一名老师。）2. Of the two suggestions, the former is more practical than the latter.（两个建议中，前者比后者更实用。） 1. former / f m (r)/ n. 前者（与latter“后者”对应）2. formerly / f m li/ adv. 以前；从前 1. The former of the two books is about history, and the latter is about art.（两本书中，前者关于历史，后者关于艺术。）2. This building was formerly a factory, but now it’s a shopping mall.（这座建筑以前是工厂，现在是购物中心。）
27 adopt / d pt/ v. 选用；收养；采纳（建议） 1. The couple decided to adopt a child from the orphanage.（这对夫妇决定从孤儿院收养一个孩子。）2. The school adopted a new teaching method to improve students’ interest.（学校采纳了新的教学方法，以提高学生的兴趣。） 1. adopted / d pt d/ adj. 被收养的；被采用的2. adoption / d p n/ n. 收养；采用；采纳 1. The adopted girl soon adapted to her new family’s life.（这个被收养的女孩很快适应了新家庭的生活。）2. The adoption of online teaching has become common during the pandemic.（疫情期间，在线教学的采用变得普遍。）
28 familiar /f m li (r)/ adj. 熟悉的；常见的（常与with/to搭配） 1. I am familiar with this song—it was popular when I was a child.（我熟悉这首歌，我小时候它很流行。）2. This story is familiar to most Chinese children because it’s a classic.（这个故事对大多数中国孩子来说很熟悉，因为它是经典童话。） 1. familiarity /f m li r ti/ n. 熟悉；通晓；亲近2. familiarize /f m li ra z/ v. 使熟悉；使通晓（常与with搭配） 1. Her familiarity with computer skills helped her get the job.（她对计算机技能的通晓帮助她得到了这份工作。）2. You should familiarize yourself with the rules before joining the game.（参加比赛前，你应该熟悉规则。）
29 abuse / bju s/ v. 虐待；辱骂；滥用 / bju s/ n. 虐待；辱骂；滥用 1. It is illegal to abuse children or animals in any way.（以任何方式虐待儿童或动物都是违法的。）2. The abuse of power by some officials has been severely punished.（一些官员的权力滥用受到了严厉惩罚。） 1. abusive / bju s v/ adj. 虐待的；辱骂的；滥用的2. abuser / bju z (r)/ n. 虐待者；滥用者 1. His abusive words made the little girl cry loudly.（他的辱骂性语言让小女孩大声哭了起来。）2. The organization helps victims escape from their abusers.（该组织帮助受害者逃离虐待者。）
30 spoil /sp l/ v. 破坏；搞坏；宠坏；变质 1. The heavy rain spoiled our plan to have a picnic in the park.（大雨破坏了我们去公园野餐的计划。）2. Don’t spoil your child by giving him everything he asks for.（不要满足孩子所有要求，以免宠坏他。） 1. spoiled /sp ld/ adj. 被宠坏的；变质的2. spoilage / sp l d / n. 损坏；变质；损耗 1. The spoiled boy refuses to share his toys with other children.（这个被宠坏的男孩拒绝和其他孩子分享玩具。）2. Keeping food in the fridge can reduce spoilage.（把食物放进冰箱能减少变质。）
31 anticipate / n t s pe t/ v. 期盼；期望；预料（后接名词/动名词） 1. We anticipate having a wonderful time during the summer vacation.（我们期盼暑假过得愉快。）2. The company didn’t anticipate such a big increase in sales this quarter.（公司没预料到本季度销售额会有这么大的增长。） 1. anticipation / n t s pe n/ n. 期待；预期；预料2. anticipatory / n t s pe t ri/ adj. 预期的；预想的 1. The children waited in anticipation for their favorite cartoon to start.（孩子们满怀期待地等待最喜欢的动画片开始。）2. She felt anticipatory excitement before her first trip abroad.（第一次出国旅行前，她感到预期的兴奋。）
32 worship / w p/ v. 崇敬（上帝/神）；仰慕；崇拜 / w p/ n. 崇拜；崇敬 1. Many people worship God in church every Sunday.（很多人每周日在教堂敬拜上帝。）2. Young people often worship sports stars for their hard work.（年轻人常因体育明星的努力而仰慕他们。） 1. worshiper / w p (r)/ n. 崇拜者；敬拜者2. worshipful / w fl/ adj. 崇敬的；崇拜的 1. He is a loyal worshiper of this famous writer and collects all his books.（他是这位著名作家的忠实崇拜者，收集了他所有的书。）2. The students looked at the scientist with worshipful eyes.（学生们用崇敬的目光看着这位科学家。）
33 extra / ekstr / adv. 额外；外加 adj. 额外的；附加的 1. She works extra hours every week to earn more money.（她每周加班以挣更多钱。）2. We need to pay extra for the special service.（这项特殊服务需要额外付费。） 1. extraordinary / k str dnri/ adj. 非凡的；卓越的；意想不到的2. extraordinarily / k str dnr li/ adv. 极其；非常；非凡地 1. He made extraordinary contributions to the development of science.（他为科学发展做出了非凡贡献。）2. The task is extraordinarily difficult, so we need to work together.（这项任务极其困难，我们需要合作完成。）
34 phenomenon /f n m n n/ n. 现象；奇迹（复数：phenomena） 1. The Northern Lights is a beautiful natural phenomenon.（极光 is 一种美丽的自然现象。）2. We need to study this social phenomenon carefully to find a solution.（我们需要仔细研究这一社会现象，以找到解决办法。） 1. phenomena /f n m n / n. 现象（phenomenon的复数）2. phenomenal /f n m nl/ adj. 显著的；惊人的；非凡的 1. Natural phenomena like earthquakes and volcanoes are hard to predict.（地震、火山等自然现象很难预测。）2. The company has achieved phenomenal growth since it was founded.（这家公司自成立以来实现了显著的增长。）
35 reverse /r v s/ adj. 相反的；反向的 n. 相反；逆转 1. The result was the reverse of what we expected—we won the game.（结果与我们预期的相反，我们赢了比赛。）2. The reverse side of the coin has a picture of a bird.（硬币的反面有一只鸟的图案。） 1. reverse /r v s/ v. 颠倒；反转；逆转2. reversal /r v sl/ n. 逆转；反转；撤销 1. We need to reverse the negative impact of the project on the environment.（我们需要扭转项目对环境的负面影响。）2. There was a sudden reversal of policy after the new leader took office.（新领导人上任后，政策突然逆转。）

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