资源简介

Unit 2 Saving the Earth知识梳理及巩固练习
一、重点词汇
1. 环境问题类
pollution（污染，n.）→ pollute（污染，v.）、air pollution（空气污染）、water pollution（水污染）、noise pollution（噪音污染）、litter（垃圾，n./v.）、waste（浪费，v./n.）、rubbish（垃圾，n.）、smoke（烟雾，n./v.）、harm（危害，n./v.）
2. 环保措施类
protect（保护，v.）→ protection（保护，n.）、save（节约，v.）、recycle（回收利用，v.）、reduce（减少，v.）、reuse（重复使用，v.）、plant（种植，v.）、clean（清理，v.）、prevent（防止，v.）、stop（阻止，v.）
3. 自然资源类
resource（资源，n.）、energy（能源，n.）、water（水，n.）、air（空气，n.）、forest（森林，n.）、tree（树，n.）、coal（煤，n.）、oil（石油，n.）、electricity（电，n.）
4. 观点与行动类
agree（同意，v.）、disagree（不同意，v.）、suggest（建议，v.）、advise（建议，v.）、act（行动，v.）、take action（采取行动）、realize（意识到，v.）、important（重要的，adj.）、necessary（必要的，adj.）
二、重点短语和固定搭配
1. 描述环境问题：
air/water/noise pollution（空气/水/噪音污染）、be harmful to（对……有害）、do harm to（对……有害）、cause pollution（造成污染）、throw litter about（乱扔垃圾）、waste energy（浪费能源）
2. 环保行动：
protect the environment（保护环境）、save energy（节约能源）、save water（节约用水）、recycle waste paper（回收废纸）、reduce pollution（减少污染）、reuse plastic bags（重复使用塑料袋）、plant trees（种树）、clean up（清理）、take action（采取行动）
3. 建议与观点：
suggest doing sth.（建议做某事）、advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）、agree with sb.（同意某人的观点）、disagree with sb.（不同意某人的观点）、it’s important/necessary to do sth.（做某事很重要/必要）
4. 阻止与防止：
stop sb. from doing sth.（阻止某人做某事）、prevent sb. from doing sth.（防止某人做某事）、keep sb. from doing sth.（阻止某人做某事）
5. 其他常用：
in order to（为了）、so that（以便）、instead of（代替）、use up（用完）、cut down（砍伐）、take care of（照顾，保护）、play a part in（参与，在……中起作用）
三、重要句型
1. 描述环境问题：
- Air pollution is very serious in this city because there are too many cars.（这座城市的空气污染很严重，因为汽车太多了。）
- Water pollution has made many rivers dirty, so fish can’t live in them.（水污染使许多河流变脏，所以鱼无法在里面生存。）
- Throwing litter about is bad for the environment.（乱扔垃圾对环境有害。）
2. 提出环保建议：
- We should save water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth.（我们应该在刷牙时关掉水龙头来节约用水。）
- The teacher suggests planting more trees to improve the air quality.（老师建议种更多的树来改善空气质量。）
- It’s necessary to recycle waste paper to save trees.（回收废纸来拯救树木是必要的。）
3. 表达观点与行动：
- I agree with you that we should take action to protect the earth.（我同意你的观点，我们应该采取行动保护地球。）
- We can play a part in saving the earth by reusing plastic bottles.（我们可以通过重复使用塑料瓶来参与拯救地球。）
- In order to reduce noise pollution, we shouldn’t play loud music at night.（为了减少噪音污染，我们不应该在晚上播放大声的音乐。）
4. 阻止破坏行为：
- We must stop people from cutting down too many trees.（我们必须阻止人们砍伐太多的树。）
- The government has taken measures to prevent factories from pouring waste water into rivers.（政府已经采取措施防止工厂把废水排入河流。）
四、重要语法知识点
1. 情态动词 should / shouldn’t / must / mustn’t（侧重环保建议与义务）
·should / shouldn’t：表示“应该/不应该”，用于提出合理的环保建议，语气较委婉。
例句：We should reuse plastic bags.（我们应该重复使用塑料袋。）We shouldn’t throw litter about.（我们不应该乱扔垃圾。）
·must / mustn’t：表示“必须/禁止”，强调环保义务或禁止破坏环境的行为，语气强烈。
例句：We must protect the environment.（我们必须保护环境。）We mustn’t cut down too many trees.（我们禁止砍伐太多的树。）
2. 动词不定式（to do）的用法（表目的、建议）
·表目的：用“in order to do sth.”或“to do sth.”表示“为了做某事”，说明环保行动的目的。
例句：We plant trees in order to improve the air.（我们种树是为了改善空气。）He saves electricity to reduce energy waste.（他节约用电是为了减少能源浪费。）
·表建议：用于“it’s + 形容词（important/necessary）+ to do sth.”结构，强调做环保相关事情的重要性/必要性。
例句：It’s important to protect wild animals.（保护野生动物很重要。）It’s necessary to save water every day.（每天节约用水是必要的。）
3. 动名词（doing）作宾语（续接前单元，侧重环保场景）
·用于 suggest, enjoy, finish, avoid, mind 等动词后作宾语，表达环保相关的动作。
例句：The teacher suggests recycling waste.（老师建议回收垃圾。）We should avoid wasting water.（我们应该避免浪费水。）
·用于介词（in, at, of, about, instead of）后作宾语。
例句：We are good at planting trees.（我们擅长种树。）He goes to school by bike instead of driving a car.（他骑自行车上学而不是开车。）
4. stop / prevent / keep 的固定搭配（表“阻止”）
·stop sb. from doing sth. / prevent sb. from doing sth.：两者用法相同，“from”可省略，意为“阻止某人做某事”。
例句：We should stop people (from) polluting the river.（我们应该阻止人们污染河流。）
·keep sb. from doing sth.：“from”不可省略，否则含义变为“让某人一直做某事”，与原意相反。
例句：We must keep factories from pouring waste into the sea.（我们必须阻止工厂把废物排入大海。）（若省略from，则为“让工厂一直把废物排入大海”，语义错误）
巩固练习
一、词汇过关
1. Too much car smoke causes serious air p__________, making the sky gray on busy days.
2. We should r__________ plastic bottles instead of throwing them away—they can be made into new things.
3. It’s important to save e__________ by turning off lights when we leave a room.
4. The factory was stopped from pouring waste water into the river because it h__________ the fish and plants.
5. My teacher s__________ planting more trees in our schoolyard to make the air fresher.
6. Don’t throw l__________ on the street; put it in the nearest dustbin to keep the environment clean.
7. We must p__________ the forests from being cut down, as they are home to many animals.
8. In order to reduce noise p__________, we shouldn’t play loud music at night in residential areas.
9. Using cloth bags instead of plastic ones can help r__________ the use of harmful materials.
10. Everyone should play a part in protecting the e__________—small actions can make a big difference.
二、单项选择
（ ）1. We __________ cut down too many trees, because they help clean the air.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. must D. mustn’t
（ ）2. The teacher suggests __________ waste paper to save trees.
A. recycle B. recycling C. to recycle D. recycled
（ ）3. —What should we do to save water
—We should turn off the tap when we brush our teeth __________ waste water.
A. in order to not B. so that not C. in order not to D. so as to not
（ ）4. The government has taken measures to prevent factories __________ waste into the river.
A. pour B. pouring C. to pour D. poured
（ ）5. It’s necessary __________ us to reuse plastic bags instead of buying new ones every time.
A. for B. of C. to D. with
（ ）6. My parents often advise me __________ too long in the shower, because it wastes water.
A. not to stay B. to not stay C. don’t stay D. not stay
（ ）7. We must keep people __________ throwing litter in the park—put up signs to remind them.
A. from B. in C. on D. with
（ ）8. —Do you agree __________ Tom that we should walk to school
—Yes, I do. It’s good for the environment and our health.
A. to B. with C. on D. about
（ ）9. Using solar energy instead of coal can help __________ air pollution.
A. reduce B. reduces C. reducing D. reduced
（ ）10. Many fish in the lake have died because the water __________ by nearby factories.
A. pollutes B. is polluted C. polluted D. was polluted
三、句型转换
1. We should save electricity by turning off lights.（改为否定句）
We __________ __________ save electricity by turning off lights.
2. The teacher suggests planting more trees.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ the teacher __________
3. It’s important to protect wild animals.（改为同义句）
Protecting wild animals __________ __________.
4. We must stop people from cutting down forests.（改为同义句）
We must __________ people __________ cutting down forests.
5. They reuse plastic bottles to make pencil boxes.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ they reuse plastic bottles __________ __________
四、补全对话
A: Hi, Lucy! Did you see the news about the dirty river in our city
B: Yes, it’s terrible. The water is so dirty because factories pour waste into it.
A: What do you think we should do to fix it
B: First, we 1. __________ ask the government to stop those factories.
A: That’s a good idea. And we can also tell people not to throw litter into the river.
B: Right! My teacher also suggests 2. __________ a “clean-up day” with our classmates. We can pick up rubbish by the river.
A: I agree 3. __________ you. When should we have it
B: How about this weekend We can bring gloves and bags.
A: Great! Also, it’s necessary 4. __________ us to tell our families to save water. Wasting water makes the problem worse.
B: Exactly! Everyone can play a part in saving the earth. If we all act now, the river 5. __________ become clean again soon.
五、语法填空
Our earth is facing many environmental problems. It’s time for us to take action to protect it.
First, we 1. __________ (save) water. We shouldn’t leave the tap running when we brush our teeth. In order 2. __________ (reduce) water waste, we can reuse water to water plants. Second, we must stop people from 3. __________ (cut) down too many trees. Trees help clean the air, so we should plant more trees every year.
Our teacher 4. __________ (suggest) recycling waste paper and plastic. She says recycling can help save resources. We also 5. __________ (not throw) litter about. If we see litter on the street, we should pick it up.
It’s important for us 6. __________ (protect) the environment. We 7. __________ (not use) too many plastic bags—we can use cloth bags instead. Also, we should avoid 8. __________ (waste) electricity. Turning off lights when we leave a room is a small but useful action.
If everyone 9. __________ (do) their part, our earth 10. __________ (become) better and better. Let’s start now!
参考答案
一、词汇过关
1. pollution 2. recycle 3. energy 4. harms 5. suggests 6. litter 7. protect 8. pollution 9. reduce 10. environment
二、单项选择
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B
三、句型转换
1. should not 2. What does; suggest 3. is important 4. prevent; from 5. What do; to do
四、补全对话
1. should/must 2. having/organizing 3. with 4. for 5. will
五、语法填空
1. should save 2. to reduce 3. cutting 4. suggests 5. shouldn’t throw 6. to protect 7. shouldn’t use 8. wasting 9. does 10. will become

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