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Unit 8 Let's communicate 知识点总结&综合练习
Part1 基础考点梳理
高频考点拓展 show sb. around领某人参观 Your school library looks as modern as ours. Can you show me around 你们学校的图书馆看起来和我们的一样现代。你能带我四处看看吗？（连云港中考） Maybe next time I can show you around my hometown.也许下次我可以带你在我的家乡四处看看。（2024陕西中考） prefer /pr 'f (r)/ v.较喜欢 相当于like…better, 不用于进行时 过去式preferred, 现在分词preferring. 常见用法： （这些结构中do的形式是常考点) prefer+名词/代词 更喜欢…… prefer(sb.) to do sth. 更喜欢(某人)做某事 prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer(doing) A to (doing) B 和（做）B事相比，更喜欢（做）A事 prefer to do A rather than do B(= would rather do A than do B) 宁愿做A事，也不愿意做B事 worry about为……担心 此处about是介词，后面可接名词、代词或动词 -ing形式。其中worry为不及物动词，意为“担心”。 【拓】(1) worry的其他用法： [及物动词] 使担忧；使发愁 His illness worries me.我担心他的病。 [名词] 担心，忧虑；令人发愁的事” 作可数名词时其复数形式为 worries Everyone has bad feelings, such as anger, worry, or sadness.每个人都有糟糕的感受，比如愤怒、担心或悲伤。（2024青海中考） (2) worried [形容词] 担心的 be worried about“为……担心”，强调状态，可与 worry about 进行同义转换。 Don't worry about(= be worried about) John. He' ll be back soon.不要为约翰担心，他很快就会回来。 difficulty /'d f k lti/ n.困难；难题 [名词]由“difficult（adj.困难的）+-y”构成。其复数形式为difficulties. 表示具体的难事时，为可数名词，意为“难题”。当 difficulty表示抽象的困难时，为不可数名词 搭配： in difficulty/ difficulties处于困境中 run/ get into difficulty陷入困境 without difficulty毫不费力地 have(no) difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事（没）有困难 seriously/'s ri sli/ adv.严肃地；认真地 serious adj. 严肃的 搭配：take…seriously认真对待…… 【拓】[副词] 极其；非常 I'm seriously worried about her safety.我非常担心她的安全。 impolite / mp 'la t/ adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的 由“im-（否定前缀）+ polite（adj.有礼貌的）”构成。 【拓】 polite adj. 有礼貌的 反义词impolite adj. 不礼貌的 politely adv. 有礼貌地 反义词impolitely adv. 不礼貌地 词缀学习 im-是常见的否定前缀，常加在以 m、p开头的单词前，构成其反义词。常见的还有：im-+ possible（可能的）→impossible（不可能的）。 pay attention (to...) 注意；关注 其中to为介词，其后接名词、代词、动词-ing 形式或从句。 attention前可以有 much、close、 special、enough等修饰词。 You must pay attention to looking after your dog well when you take it for a walk.当你遛狗时， 一定要注意照看好它。 cost/k st/ n.费用；成本；价钱；代价 v.价格为；使损失；使付出努力 n. 费用；价钱 The total cost is 3,000 yuan.总费用是3000元。 成本 We should think about how to cut costs.我们需要思考如何减少成本。 代价 at the cost of 以……为代价 We can't make money at the cost of the environment.我们不能以环境为代价来赚钱。 v. 过去式：cost 价格为 Tickets cost ten dollars each.每张票价为十美元。 使损失 That one mistake almost cost him his life.那一个差错几乎使他丧命。 使付出，努力 The accident cost me a visit to the doctor.那事故害得我去看了一趟医生。 【辨】 spend, take, pay与cost 四者都可表示“花费”，区别如下： spend 主语通常是人 sb. spends time/ money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb. spends time/ money on sth.某人在某事/某物上花费时间/金钱 take 通常用it作形式主语 it takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱 My mom said I should spend more time playing outside.我妈妈说我应该多花些时间在户外玩耍。（2024湖南中考） I spent 100 yuan on the present.我花了100元 买这件礼物。 It took me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了 20分钟到达学校。 We paid 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了150元。 The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan.这个书包花了我50元。
重点梳理 词汇梳理 1 argue v.争论；争吵——argument n.争论；争吵 2 prefer v.较喜欢——（过去式）preferred 3 express v. 表达—expression n.表达方式； 表达 4 difficult adj.困难的—— difficulty n.困难；难题 ——（复数）difficulties 5 care n.小心；谨慎—— careful adj.小心的；谨慎的——carefully adv.认真地；小心地——careless adj.粗心的 6 polite adj.礼貌的——（反义词） impolite adj.不礼貌的 7 person n.人——personal adj.个人的——personally adv.就本人而言；亲自 8 reason n.原因；理由；道理——reasonable adj.公平的；合理的——unreasonable adj.不公平的；不合理的 9 trust n. & v.信任；相信—（反义词） distrust n.&v.不信任；不相信 10 pay v.付费—（过去式）paid cost v.价钱为——（过去式）cost 词块归纳 1 face to face面对面 2 send text messages发短信 3 pick up捡起；（开车）接某人 4 show sb. around领某人参观 5 in person亲自；亲身 6 make up (with sb.)与……言归于好 7 be careful with...小心…… 8 make things worse使事情更糟 9 worry about为……担心 10 have problems with...……有问题 11 write down写下；记下 12 right away立即；马上 13 drop sb. a line给某人写信 14 think about... seriously认真考虑…… 15 make a plan for...为……制订计划 16 have a conversation with...与······交谈 17 show interest in sth. 对……表现出兴趣 18 personal information个人信息 19 argue with sb.与某人争论 20 move on (to sth.)换话题；开始做（别的事） 21 have no idea of...不知道…… 22 strong/weak points优点/缺点 23 find out查明；弄清（情况） 24 tell the truth说实话 25 pay attention (to...)注意；关注 26 be yourself行为自然；不做作 27 play an important role in...在······中起重要 作用 28 keep（…）away from...（使）远离；避 免……靠近 29 take place发生；进行 30 benefit... from...从······获益 用法总结 1 the best way to do sth.做某事的最佳方式 2 prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事 3 it + be + adj. + to do sth.做某事是……的 4 ask sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事 5 be happy to do sth.很高兴做某事 6 have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难 7 it's time for sb. to do sth.某人该做某事了 8 find it + adj. + to do sth.发现做某事是……的 9 pretend to do sth.假装做某事 10 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 11 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某事做某事 12 it's a great honour to do sth.做某事是极大的荣幸 13 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事
重点 句子 Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger 你觉得和陌生人交谈很困难吗？ (教材P76 1b) 【find it + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth】 发现做某事（对某人来说）是……的 该结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语。 Tip：有相同用法的动词还有think、feel、consider等。 Many foreigners find it interesting to use chopsticks to eat.许多外国人发现用筷子吃饭很有趣。（威海中考） We found it necessary for us to learn English well.我们发现学好英语对我们来说很有必要。 If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills.如果你有这样的担忧，那么对你来说是时候学习更多的谈话技巧了。（教材原句） 【It's time (for sb) to do sth】 意为“到（某人）做某事的时间了”。sb为人称代词时要用宾格形式。 It's time (for me) to do my homework.到（我）写作业的时间了。 【拓】 It's time for sth意为“到（做）某事的时 间了”。 It s time for dinner. 到吃晚饭的时间了。 3. However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information.但是，询问某人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。（教材原句） 【it is +形容词(+ for/ of sb)+ to do sth】 在“it is+形容词(+ for/ of sb) + to do sth”结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式结构。 【区别】 ①如果句中的形容词表示事物的特点，介词用for，意为“对于某人来说做某事是……的”。这类形容词有easy、hard、important、possible等。 ②如果句中的形容词表示人的性格品质，介词用of，意为“某人做某事是……的”。这类形容词有 nice、kind、clever、foolish、smart等。 It is good for you to exercise every day.每天锻炼对于你来说有好处。 It is kind of you to help me.你来帮助我，真是太体贴了。
语法 梳理 if引导的条件状语从句（零条件句和第一条件句） 在复合句中作条件状语的句子叫条件状语从句。条件状语从句常用if“如果”来引导。 if引导的条件状语从句表示主句发生的条件，表示假如从句动作发生，主句动作就会发生。 考向1 主句和if引导的条件状语从句的位置 if从句既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。放在主句前时，常用逗号与后面的主句隔开。 （如果明天下雪，我们将堆雪人。） If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman. = We will make a snowman if it snows tomorrow. 考向2 含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中主从句的时态 ①当表示未来可能发生的事情时，（第一条件句）主句用一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，即遵循“主将从现”的原则。 If it rains tomorrow,I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。 You will pass the exam if you study hard.如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。 当表示客观事实、真理时，（零条件句）主句和if引导的条件状语从句都用一般现在时。 If the temperature is below zero, water turns into ice.如果温度低于零度，水就会变成冰。 The stone falls back to the ground if you throw it into the air.如果你把石头抛向空中，它就会落回地面。 当表示在某种条件下给出的建议或命令，且主句为祈使句时，if 引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 If you feel tired, take a rest.如果你感到累，就休息一下。 当表示在某种条件下可能发生的结果，且主句谓语含有情态动词(如can、may、should等)时, if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 You may fall ill if you eat the bad food.如果你吃变质的食物，你可能会生病。 【拓】 含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句有时可以转换成“祈使句+ and/ or+陈述句”结构, and表示“那么，就”, or表示“否则， 不然”。 If you are more outgoing, you'll have more friends. →Be more outgoing, and you'll have more friends.更外向一些，你就会有更多的朋友。 If you don't hurry up, you will miss the bus. →Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.快点，否则你会错过公交车。
Part2 综合练习
一、单项选择
（ ）1. I asked Lily about the __ of her party. She told me that it would be on July 2nd.
A. place B. date C. kind D. number
（ ）2. This is my new bike. It __ me five hundred yuan.
A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost
（ ）3.—I'm very __ because of the speech. What should I do
—Take a deep breath. It can help you relax.
A. nervous B. confident C. relaxed D. excited
（ ）4. They prefer __ TV or listen to music rather than __ newspapers.
A. watching; to read B. to watch; read C. to watch; reading D. watching; read
（ ）5.——What will we do __ it rains tomorrow
——We can stay at home and watch TV.
A. because B. so C. if D. but
二、.根据汉语意思完成句子
6.她的父母经常告诉她要远离陌生人。
Her parents often tell her to__ strangers.
7.不要为小事而担忧。
Don't __small things.
8.我会亲自照顾我的宠物猫。
I will look after my pet cat__ .
9.昨天我哥哥和他的朋友们和好了。
Yesterday my brother______his friends.
10.她拒绝和我面对面地交流。
She refused to communicate with me __ .
三、.短文填空
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每词限用一次）。
bad, carefully, someone, say, probably, solve, happy, truth, if, time
Helping people is the right thing and will make us more popular with others. However, we can't say"yes" every 11. __ other people ask for help. Sometimes we 12. __ don't have enough time. Sometimes we don't have the ability to help. In this case, we must know how to say"no" to others.
In fact, it's difficult for us 13. __"no" because we don't want to make others angry or sad. We often worry that saying"no" is bad for our relationship with others. As a result, we have to spend much time 14. __ problems for people who ask for help. But if we are not able to do them well, it will make our relationship even 15. __ .
So, how should we say"no" Here are some ways we can try. First, if someone needs our help, listen to him/ her 16. __ . The point is to let the person know that we are glad to help. Then we should tell the 17. __ . Just tell the person why we can't help. But we must be kind and tell the reasons clearly. Most people are understanding. We don't need to feel sorry about saying"no". What's more,18. __ we finally decide to refuse him/ her, we can also try to find 19. __ else to help him/ her. In this way, he/ she may get some comfort.
In short, we cannot make everyone 20. __ all the time. After all, saying"no" is a part of our life.
一. 1—5 BDABC
二. 6. keep/ stay away from 7. worry about 8. in person9. made up with 10. face to face
三. 11. time 12. probably 13. to say 14. solving 15. worse 16. carefully 17. truth 18. if 19. someone 20. happy

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