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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语模拟卷01
全解全析
（满分140分，考试用时120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 测试范围：选择性必修一 Unit~Unit 3（沪教版+沪外版）
4. 难度系数：0.65。
5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
A. At a restaurant. B. At a bank.
C. At a gym. D. At a supermarket.
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Headmaster and chemistry teacher.
Doctor and patient. D. Receptionist and hotel guest.
A. The man can find his talent by himself.
It’s impossible to find one’s hidden talent.
C.The book won’t be as good as it is introduced.
D. It’s ridiculous to judge a person by his talent.
4. A. He hasn’t paid the money. B. He arrived late at the airport.
C. There was a strike at the airport. D. He felt it a shame to travel alone.
5. A. Both of them were late for school two weeks ago.
The man stayed up studying until the next morning.
The man broke up with the woman several days ago.
Their schedule was so tight that they studied in the morning.
A. The boy’s homework is not as much as he describes.
The boy should start doing homework rather than complain.
The boy should have finished some homework at school.
The boy should complain to his teacher about too much homework.
A. Jack’s father is a baseball fan. B. It’s winter in New Zealand.
C. The match will be held in England. D. The man wishes he could play baseball.
8. A. They divorced 20 years ago.
They often argue about where to live.
They’re used to the character of the partner.
They feel regretful for the arguments made during marriage.
9. A. 600. B. 1200.
C. 1800. D. 2400.
10. A. The correct way to wash a sweater. B. The maintenance of a machine.
C. The effect of cycling on cold weather. D. The special way to identify woolen products.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A. Future researchers. B. College students.
C. Company employees. D. Successful artists.
A. To teach the listeners how to work hard.
B.To enable the listeners to get better salaries.
C.To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.
D.To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.
A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.
C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly.
15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.
C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it.
16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life.
C. It can make people’s hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours.
C. He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night.
18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.
C. To release pressure from heavy work. D. To look for information for his project.
19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars.
B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet.
C. A lot of information can be found.
D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.
20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.
B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.
C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom.
D. It’s hardly the best source of information available.
【听力答案】
Section A: 1-5 BACCD 6-10 BACCA
Section B: 11-13 BCC 14-16 ADD 17-20 CDCB
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children
For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app 21 (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp.
She got the idea when she 22 (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed 23 (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community.
The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box 24 the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s 25 Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, 26 works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.”
Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person 27 go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things 28 (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles.
Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am.
She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella 29 (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child 30 (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says.
【答案】
21．developed 22．was teaching 23．to discover 24．once 25．where 26．who 27．can 28．more inclusive 29．motivated 30．has had
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生Mariella Satow开发了一款名为“Signup”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。
21．考查非谓语。句意：但是现在，托比得到了一些帮助，这要感谢17岁的学生玛丽拉·萨托开发的一款应用程序，她创建了一款名为“SignUp”的签名应用程序。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，app与develop为被动关系，用过去分词。故填developed。
22．考查时态。句意：她在自学美国手语(ASL)时产生了这个想法，ASL是世界上使用的数百种手语之一。根据句意可知，表示过去一直在做的事情，为过去进行时。故填was teaching。
23．考查动词不定式。句意：曼内拉想看电视节目来帮助她学习，但是她失望地发现很少用手语。be disappointed to do sth。故填to discover。
24．考查连词。句意：这款应用在美国以浏览器扩展的形式提供，一旦电影开始播放，就会出现一个翻译框。空处填连词，表示“一旦”，用once引导时间状语从句。故填once。
25．考查连接副词。句意：目前它只适用于迪士尼Plus电影，因为玛丽拉认为这是她可以帮助最多孩子的地方。空处引导表语从句，表示地点用连接副词where。故填where。
26．考查关系词。句意：Jarod在一所聋哑儿童学校工作，他说看着Toby使用Mariella的发明是“令人兴奋的”。先行词Jarod，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词who。故填who。
27．考查情态动词。句意：一个听力正常的人可以在任何时候去电影院，而聋哑人必须确保在我们有空的时候有合适的观看时间。表示能，用情态动词can。故填can。
28．考查形容词。句意：但她觉得有一名翻译会让事情变得更包容，尤其是对那些看不懂字幕的人来说。根据句意可知，表示更包容，用形容词比较级more inclusive作宾语补足语。故填more inclusive。
29．考查非谓语。句意：老师和家长的积极反应让玛丽拉有动力去面对提前开始。空处作非谓语，Mariella与motivate在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词。 故填motivated。
30．考查时态。句意：最有意义的评论是当孩子第一次完全接触到一部电影时。本句为固定句型，it is+the+序数词+（that）+现在完成时，主语为单数，谓语为单数。故填has had。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．backfire B．compensate C． extend D．impressive E. meaningfulF. measure G. needle H. overall I. perceive J. punishment K. typically
Why You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose Weight
Many of us are lacing up our sneakers and starting (or restarting) exercise regimens (练身计划) in hopes of shedding unwanted pounds. Unquestionably, aiming to be more active is good. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution could very well 31 .
For starters, exercise — at least the kind most of us do — is 32 ineffective for weight loss. Take walking, for example. A 150-pound person who walks briskly for 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That’s equal to one can of soda — not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It’s much easier just to skip the soda.
Studies 33 show that doing moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as walking for 30 minutes a day, five days a week — the amount recommended for good health — typically produces little or no weight loss by itself.
When moderate exercise is added to diet, the results are equally not 34 . Pooling data from six trials, researchers found that a combination of diet and exercise generated no greater weight loss than diet alone after six months.
In studies where exercise has produced 35 weight loss, participants burned at least 400 to 500 calories per session on five or more days a week. To achieve that, sessions need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do. And even if we manage to exert that much effort, our bodies often 36 by boosting appetite and dialing down metabolism, effects that over time limit how many pounds we shed.
Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into 37 . How many times have you heard someone say (or said yourself) “I’ll need to do extra exercise” after eating too much during the holidays or at a celebratory dinner
The point is that we’re more likely to 38 exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight. The incentive may be an improved mood or less stress. Others may find that exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.
Of course, the benefits of physical activity 39 well beyond these. It’s been shown to reduce the risk of multiple diseases. It can also improve sleep and boost energy.
By all means, striving to exercise regularly in the new year is perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health. But to improve the odds of success, focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and emotionally — and forget about how it moves the 40 on the scale.
【答案】
31．A 32．K 33．H 34．D 35．E 36．B 37．J 38．I 39．C 40．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么不应该通过运动来减肥的几个原因。
31．考查动词。句意：但如果主要是为了减肥，你的新年决心很可能适得其反。分析句子可知，空前为情态动词could，此处应为动词作句子的谓语成分，同时被副词well所修饰，backfire“适得其反”为动词，符合句意。故选A项。
32．考查副词。句意：首先，运动——至少是我们大多数人做的那种——对减肥通常是无效的。分析句子可知，此处为副词作状语修饰形容词ineffective，typically“通常”为副词，符合句意。故选K项。
33．考查副词。句意：总的来说，研究表明，做中等强度的有氧运动，比如每天步行30分钟，每周五天——这是保持身体健康的推荐量——通常只会产生很少或根本没有减肥效果。分析句子可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词show，overall“总的来说”为副词，符合句意。故选H项。
34．考查形容词。句意：当适度的运动加入到饮食中，结果同样不令人印象深刻。分析句子可知，空前为are系动词，此处应为形容词作表语，impressive“令人印象深刻的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：在一些研究中，锻炼产生了显著的减肥效果，参与者每周坚持五天或更长时间，每次锻炼至少燃烧400到500卡路里。分析句子可知，空后weight loss为名词短语，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，meaningful“有意义的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。
36．考查动词。句意：即使我们付出了那么多的努力，我们的身体也会通过增加食欲和降低新陈代谢来进行补偿，随着时间的推移，这些影响会限制我们减掉的体重。分析句子可知，空格处应为动词作句子的谓语成分，compensate“补偿”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。
37．考查名词。句意：也许通过锻炼来减肥的最大问题是，它把体育锻炼变成了一种惩罚。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语turn sth into sth“把……变成……”，所以此处为名词形式，punishment“惩罚”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。
38．考查动词。句意：关键是，当我们关注自己的健康而不是体重时，我们更有可能积极地看待运动，并真正去做。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be likely to do，所以此处为动词形式，perceive“看待”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。
39．考查动词。句意：当然，体育锻炼的好处远远不止这些。分析句子可知，此处为动词作句子的谓语成分，extend“扩展，伸出”为动词，符合句意。故选C项。
40．考查名词。句意：但是为了提高成功的几率，把注意力集中在运动如何帮助你在身体和情感上感觉更好，而忘记它是如何在体重秤上移动指针的。分析句子可知，空前为定冠词the，此处应为名词形式，needle“指针”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。
III.Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public 41 to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost 42 the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous 43 . As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to 44 their own.
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a 45 new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and 46 a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top 47 . The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with 48 personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, 49 almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there’s a related 50 tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s 51 is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the 52 attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to 53 a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. 54 , the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as 55 might last a lifetime, but fashion-like celebrity-has always been short-lived.
41．A．tends B．returns C．aims D．means
42．A．abandoned B．delayed C．established D．assumed
43．A．films B．faces C．issues D．stories
44．A．inventing B．composing C．exploring D．developing
45．A．dramatically B．completely C．steadily D．normally
46．A．taken by B．set for C．limited to D．listed on
47．A．brands B．trends C．sales D．editions
48．A．common B．specific C．potential D．artificial
49．A．promoting B．extending C．engaging D．covering
50．A．disappointing B．warning C．greeting D．amazing
51．A．origin B．organization C．release D．intention
52．A．continuous B．crazy C．initial D．sincere
53．A．strike B．isolate C．promote D．reduce
54．A．Still B．Thus C．Moreover D．Indeed
55．A．stars B．models C．designers D．advertisers
【答案】
41．A 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了名人已经意识到他们难以置信的强大的市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。介绍了名人服装品牌的优势以及缺点。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去，影迷们会为一部特定的电影疯狂，但现在，公众倾向于将自己的消费建立在名人对任何特定产品的兴趣之上。A. tends打算；B. returns返回；C. aims旨在；D. means意味着。根据后文“to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product”指现在，公众倾向于将自己的消费建立在名人对任何特定产品的兴趣之上。故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为她们的销量远不如名人。A. abandoned抛弃；B. delayed延误；C. established建立；D. assumed假设。根据后文“because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous”可知，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为她们的销量远不如名人。A. films电影；B. faces脸；C. issues问题；D. stories故事。呼应上文“the interest of celebrity”指模特不如名人，famous faces表示“名人”。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，名人已经意识到他们难以置信的强大的市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。A. inventing发明；B. composing组成；C. exploring探索；D. developing开发，发展。根据上文“from advertising for others’ products to”指名人从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。故选D。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：名人服装品牌并不是一个全新的现象，但在过去，它们通常是针对普通消费者的，而且仅限于少数电视女演员。A. dramatically戏剧地；B. completely完全地；C. steadily稳定地；D. normally正常地。根据后文“new phenomenon, but in the past”可知，过去也出现过，所以不是一个全新的现象。故选B。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：名人服装品牌并不是一个全新的现象，但在过去，它们通常是针对普通消费者的，而且仅限于少数电视女演员。A. taken by突袭；B. set for安排；C. limited to限于；D. listed on列在……上。根据后文“a few TV actresses”可知，名人服装品牌在过去仅限于少数电视女演员。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，他们由一流的明星创立，他们的产品享有与一些世界顶级品牌同等的声誉。A. brands品牌；B. trends趋势；C. sales销售；D. editions版本。根据上文“they’re started by first-class stars”可知，一流明星创立的产品享有与一些世界顶级品牌同等的声誉。故选A。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最成功的初创企业是那些拥有特定个人风格的名人创办的。A. common普通的；B. specific特别的；C. potential有潜力的；D. artificial人造的。根据上文“The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with”以及常识，最成功的初创企业是那些拥有特定个人风格的名人创办的。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着明星在市场上的经验越来越丰富，他们的生产规模迅速扩大，几乎涵盖了所有的日常生活产品。A. promoting促进；B. extending延伸；C. engaging参与；D. covering覆盖。根据后文“almost all the products of daily life”指产品几乎涵盖了所有的日常生活产品。故选D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，每一个成功的故事，都有一个相关的警告故事，一个名人高估了他的消费者吸引力。A. disappointing使失望；B. warning警告；C. greeting问候；D. amazing使吃惊。根据后文“a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal”可知，一个名人高估了他的消费者吸引力是警告故事，故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论产品的起源多么有名，如果它不能用自身的品质打动消费者，它就开始像一种自我推销的营销活动。A. origin起源；B. organization组织；C. release释放；D. intention意图。根据上文“No matter how famous the product’s”可知，这里指名人创立的产品，起源也有名。故选A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，忠诚度会回到可靠的品牌。A. continuous持续的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. initial首先的；D. sincere真诚的。根据后文“attention dies down, consumer interest might fade”可知，最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，故选C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个失误都有可能缩短名人的寿命，而曾经给他带来名气的报纸或杂志在机会出现时毫不犹豫地将他撕成碎片。A. strike打击；B. isolate隔离；C. promote促进；D. reduce减少。根据上文“Each misstep threatens to”可知失误会减少名人的寿命，故选D。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，自我膨胀的潜力是无限的。A. Still仍然；B. Thus因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Indeed确实。根据后文“the ego’s potential for expansion is limitless.”可知，尽管失误会减少名人的寿命，可自我膨胀的潜力是无限的。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为设计师，他们的成功可能持续一生，但时尚就像名人一样，总是短暂的。A. stars明星；B. models模型；C. designers设计师；D. advertisers广告商。呼应上文“Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered.(由于已经获得了巨大的财富和公众的认可，许多名人将时尚视为下一个需要征服的领域)”可知，这里指名人想要成为设计师，故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.
London loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting.
London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, rancher (大农场主), and factory employee, to name just a few of his many jobs.
London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is a much larger sailing boat.
Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In l897, he headed for Alaska. He didn’t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories.
London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather be a superb meteor (流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer, nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer.
White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London’s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels.
56．Why was Jack London able to write on many topics
A．He had a variety of experiences and jobs.
B．He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush.
C．He pushed himself to reach his ultimate goals.
D．He was the best-selling and highest-paid author.
57．Why did Jack London not complete college
A．He traveled to Alaska in 1897. B．He was hired to sail to Japan.
C．He spent much of his time writing. D．He was not interested enough.
58．Which word best describes Jack London
A．Cautious. B．Unfocused. C．Imaginative. D．Sympathetic.
59．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To identify books written by Jack London.
B．To provide information on Jack London’s life.
C．To describe life during the Klondike Gold Rush.
D．To support the statement that London was the best writer.
【答案】56．A 57．D 58．C 59．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国著名冒险小说作家杰克·伦敦的生平与创作特点。通过描述他的多元职业经历和对写作的执着追求，展现了伦敦如何将个人经历融入作品，成为当时最畅销和最高薪的作家之一。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段的“During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing. (在他的一生中，伦敦做过很多工作。他丰富的人生经历将成为他写作的背景)”可知，杰克·伦敦能写出很多话题是因为他有很多工作和很丰富的人生经历。故选A项。
57．推理判断题。根据第二段的“He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting. (他在加州大学伯克利分校上大学，但只呆了六个月。他认为伯克利“不够活跃”，想做一些更令人兴奋的事情)”可推知，杰克·伦敦没有完成加州大学的学业，因为他对这里的大学生活不太感兴趣。故选D项。
58．细节理解题。由文章第五段中“ He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. (他发现人们喜欢听他用生动的想象力编造的故事)”可知，杰克·伦敦发现人们喜欢听他凭借生动的想象力编造的故事。这表明他是一个富有想象力的人。由此可知，最能描述杰克·伦敦的词是“Imaginative (富有想象力的)”。故选C项。
59．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing. (杰克·伦敦，美国主要的冒险故事作家之一，1876年出生于加利福尼亚州。在他的一生中，伦敦做过很多工作。他丰富的人生经历将成为他写作的背景)”可知，文章主要介绍了美国冒险小说作家杰克·伦敦以及他的作品，成长经历等。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供有关杰克·伦敦的信息。故选B项。
(B)
New big pack from Sierra DesignsThe latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It’s made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs 130. Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale bootsMaestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits(排放) 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa’s Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs 500.scarpa.co.uk/ellis-
Vasque Breeze gets sustainable updateThe well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It’s now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs 140. The North Face launches new ski touring clothingThe Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2.0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is 350. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs 325.thenorthface.co.uk
60．Who might be the target readers of the passage
A．The ski athletes. B．The environmentalists.
C．The fabric producers. D．The outdoor lovers.
61．In the ski boots production, which order is correct in terms of the carbon dioxide emissions
A．Polymer>Pebax Renew>Fossil-based Plastics
B．Fossil-based Plastics> Polymer>Pebax Renew
C．Fossil-based Plastics>Pebax Renew>Polymer
D．Polymer>Fossil-based Plastics>Pebax Renew
62．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage
A．The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.
B．The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.
C．The latest big pack from Sierra Designs has a fixed back system.
D．Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.
【答案】60．D 61．C 62．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Sierra Designs、Scarpa、Vasque和The North Face等品牌推出的新产品，这些产品不仅注重功能性，还强调环保和可持续性。
60．细节理解题。根据第一段“The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. (背包有一个可调节的背部系统，适合40cm至53cm的背部长度)”可知，目标读者可能是对户外活动有兴趣，并且需要一个能够适应不同体型的背包的户外爱好者。故选D项。
61．细节理解题。根据第二段“Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a 'classic' boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. (用聚合物制作Re-Made靴子比用植物基Pebax Rnew制作“经典”靴子少排放27%的二氧化碳，而Pebax Rnew比化石基塑料少排放32%的二氧化碳)”可知，从二氧化碳排放量来看，正确的顺序是化石基塑料 > Pebax Renew > 聚合物。故选C项。
62．推理判断题。根据第三段“The Breeze is now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. (Breeze现在使用回收聚酯纤维制作，并且是第一个带有由25%回收材料制成的VasqueDry防水膜的靴子)”可知，Vasque Breeze徒步靴既环保又防水。故选B项。
(C)
A new study, which found that eating ultra- processed (超加工的) food (like fish fingers, fizzy drinks and ready meals) could increase the risk of death, made for alarming headlines. The Sun told us that “just for portions of processed food a day could kill you”, while The Telegraph said that ultra-processed foods “could increase the risk of early death by 60 percent”.
As is often the case, the research is well-designed and alarming. What’s more, the news coverage is not exactly false. The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are. Let’s unpack what the evidence means in this case.
Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day. They found that those who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 62 percent increased risk of death from any cause, compared with those who ate the least. If we assume the conclusions are accurate, then a 62 percent increased risk of death sounds pretty shocking. But what does it mean
Let’s imagine two friends — Wanda and Winona. They’re both around 50, the same weight, do the same amount of exercise, have same family histories of disease, but not the same habits or lifestyle. Wanda is keen on instant noodles, fish fingers and fizzy drinks, while Winona prefers steamed vegetables and whole meal bread. Each one faces an annual risk of death, whose technical name is their “hazard”. The key statistic reported in the Spanish study was a hazard ratio (率) of 1.62. This means that, for two people like Wanda and Winona who are similar apart from their different diets, the one with the risk factor — Wanda — has a 62 percent increased annual risk of death over the follow- up period (around 14 years in the Spanish study).
It’s tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda’s life is going to be 62 percent shorter than Winona’s, but that’s not what’s going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be alarming as it sounds. In the UK, for example, the average annual risk of death for 50-year-old women is around 0.2 percent, which means you might expect 2 in every 1,000 women like Winona to die each year. A 62 percent increase on that number gives around a 0.3 percent annual risk of death, which would be 3 in every 1,000 women like Wanda. The difference in 1,000, sounds a lot less alarming than the 62 percent which made the headlines.
63．What does the writer imply about the increased risk of death covered in the news
A．It reflects people’s ignorance of what makes a healthy diet.
B．The interpretation of it needs to be weighed objectively.
C．It is a conclusion drawn from a poorly designed study.
D．The understanding of it varies from country to country.
64．What did the Spanish researchers do in their study
A．They divided the students into two groups.
B．They collected the data by means of interviews.
C．They followed the subjects for more than a decade.
D．They made up two friends named Wanda and Winona.
65．According to the writer, why is it that the 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be that alarming
A．The chance of dying in a year for the average person is relatively minimal.
B．It is based on the data that the Spanish researchers collected 14 years ago.
C．The relevant study has failed to take other factors into consideration.
D．People in the UK are becoming more and more health-conscious.
66．What can be concluded from the passage
A．The news coverage ought to be as objective as possible.
B．There needs to be more evidence for the increase in risk of death.
C．The harm done by ultra-processed food is not as serious as reported.
D．There should be regulations on the production of ultra-processed food.
【答案】63．B 64．C 65．A 66．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新研究发现食用超加工食品可能增加死亡风险，但报道中的数字容易引发误解。研究指出，与食用最少超加工食品的人相比，食用最多的人死亡风险增加62%。 然而，这并不意味着寿命会缩短62%，因为普通人每年的死亡风险本身就很低。因此，尽管这一数字听起来吓人，但实际上影响可能并不那么显著。
63．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are.(问题是，驱动新闻标题的数字很难解释，而且看起来比实际情况更可怕。)”可知，新闻报道中的死亡风险增加需要客观权衡，因为数字很难解释，而且看起来比实际情况更可怕。因此，作者暗示了对新闻中提到的死亡风险增加的解读需要客观权衡。故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day.(西班牙研究人员对大约20000名学生进行了长达14年的跟踪调查，使用问卷来估算他们每天吃多少份超加工食品。)”可知，他们在研究中跟踪研究对象超过十年。故选C。
65．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be alarming as it sounds.(关键的是，普通人每年死亡的风险相当低，因此，死亡风险每年增加62%可能并不像听起来那么令人担忧。)”可知，作者认为62%的年度死亡风险增加可能并不那么令人担忧的原因是普通人每年死亡的机会相对较小。故选A。
66．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda’s life is going to be 62 percent shorter than Winona’s, but that’s not what’s going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be alarming as it sounds.(Wanda的寿命将比维诺娜短62%是很有诱惑力的，但事实并非如此。关键在于，对于普通人来说，任何一年的死亡风险都相当低，因此，死亡风险每年增加62%听起来可能很吓人，但实际上可能并不那么令人担忧。)”可知，尽管新闻报道声称超加工食品会增加死亡风险，但实际上这种风险增加可能并不如报道中所说的那么严重。因此，可以得出结论，超加工食品的危害并不像报道中所说的那么严重。故选C。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Young children value the lives of animals more than adults do
If you had to save the life of a person or an animal, which would you choose Most adults say they would pick the person, but almost half of young children would prefer to save the animal, according to a study in Poland.
“The finding really surprised us,” says Matti Wilks at the University of Edinburgh, UK. 67 For example, a survey of millions of people in 233 countries, most of them in their 20s and 30s, found they largely agreed that self- driving cars should crash into dogs or cats instead of people if they had to choose.
However, growing evidence suggests many young children feel differently. Using a toy railway and Lego figures, Wilks and her colleagues presented 170 children aged 6 to 9 in an urban part of Poland with scenarios based on a thought experiment called the trolley problem. The children had to decide whether to direct a runaway rail car down one of two tracks so that it crashed into a Lego person or a Lego animal — either a dog or chimpanzee. 68
About 42 per cent of the children wanted to save the dog and make the rail car collide with the person, compared with just 17 per cent of adults. About 28 per cent of children also prioritized the chimpanzee over the person, compared with 11 per cent of adults.
“Children learn from their parents, teachers and others that it’s really important to care for others, but it may be easier for them to learn this as a blanket rule that applies to both humans and animals,” says Karri Neldner at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany. 69 “However, as they get older, they might pick up on cultural narratives that tell us it’s really important to care for other people,” says Neldner.
70 When she asked Australian children aged 4 to 10 to order pictures of people, animals, plants and objects according to how much they cared about them, the 4- year- olds tended to care more about dogs, cats and dolphins than about classmates, police officers and sick people, but this was reversed in the 10- year- olds.
The reason children value dogs so highly is probably due to familiarity, says Wilks. Her studies have found that children who spent more time with dogs were more likely to say they would save a dog over a person.
A．Most adults view human life as especially precious.B．Her research suggests this shift starts by the age of 10.C．Surprisingly, children were more likely to save a dog over a person.D．For comparison, the researchers repeated this with 178 Polish adults aged 18 to 50.E．As a result, they don’t show a strong preference for saving one over the other, she says.F．About 28 per cent of children aged 5 to 9 said they would save a dog over a person, compared with 8 per cent of adults.
【答案】67．A 68．D 69．E 70．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于儿童与成年人在面对生命选择时不同态度的研究。
67．根据上文““The finding really surprised us,” says Matti Wilks at the University of Edinburgh, UK.(“这一发现确实让我们感到惊讶，”英国爱丁堡大学的马蒂·威尔克斯说道。)”和下文“For example, a survey of millions of people in 233 countries, most of them in their 20s and 30s, found they largely agreed that self- driving cars should crash into dogs or cats instead of people if they had to choose.(例如，一项针对233个国家数百万人的调查（其中大多数为20多岁和30多岁的人）发现，他们在很大程度上都认为，如果必须做出选择，自动驾驶汽车应该撞向狗或猫，而不是人。)”可知，空处承上启下，进一步说明上文提出的观点，并通过例子说明成年人认为人的生命比动物珍贵。选项A“大多数成年人认为人的生命尤其珍贵”符合语境。故选A。
68．根据上文“Using a toy railway and Lego figures, Wilks and her colleagues presented 170 children aged 6 to 9 in an urban part of Poland with scenarios based on a thought experiment called the trolley problem.(威尔克斯（Wilks）和她的同事们使用玩具火车和乐高人物，在波兰的一个城市地区向170名6至9岁的儿童展示了基于一个名为“电车问题”的思想实验的场景。)”可知，Wilks和她的同事使用玩具火车和乐高人物，向波兰城市地区的170名6至9岁的儿童展示了基于一个名为电车问题的思想实验的场景。此处提到了对6至9岁的儿童进行了实验，再结合下文“About 42 per cent of the children wanted to save the dog and make the rail car collide with the person, compared with just 17 per cent of adults.( 大约42%的孩子想救狗，让火车撞人，相比之下，只有17%的成年人会这样做。)”可知，此处需要对比儿童和成年人在这一实验中的不同表现，选项D“为了比较，研究人员对18至50岁的178名波兰成年人重复了这项实验”符合语境。故选D。
69．根据上文“Children learn from their parents, teachers and others that it’s really important to care for others, but it may be easier for them to learn this as a blanket rule that applies to both humans and animals.(孩子们从父母、老师和其他人那里学到，关心他人是非常重要的，但对他们来说，可能更容易将此作为一个既适用于人类也适用于动物的普遍规则来学习。)”可知，此处提到了孩子们更容易把关心他人这一规则当作适用于人类和动物的普遍规则来学习，再结合下文“However, as they get older, they might pick up on cultural narratives that tell us it’s really important to care for other people.(然而，随着年龄的增长，他们可能会接触到文化叙事，这些叙事告诉我们关心他人是非常重要的。)”可知，孩子们在成长过程中，对于关心人类和动物的态度会有所转变，选项E“因此，她说，他们并没有表现出对拯救一方而非另一方的强烈偏好”符合语境，其中“she”指的是上文提到的Karri Neldner。故选E。
70．根据下文“When she asked Australian children aged 4 to 10 to order pictures of people, animals, plants and objects according to how much they cared about them, the 4-year-olds tended to care more about dogs, cats and dolphins than about classmates, police officers and sick people, but this was reversed in the 10-year-olds.(当她让4至10岁的澳大利亚儿童根据他们关心的程度对人物、动物、植物和物体的图片进行排序时，4岁的孩子往往更关心狗、猫和海豚，而不是同学、警察和病人，但10岁的孩子则相反。)”可知，这一研究关注的是4至10岁的儿童，选项B“她的研究表明这种转变从10岁开始”符合语境，其中“this shift”指的是孩子们对于关心人类和动物态度的转变。故选B。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Big Brothers and Big Sisters is aimed at helping young people through friendship with an adult. It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people aged 7-17 with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
Volunteer tutors come form all walks of life - married, single, with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers. They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk with and go to when needed.
Big Brothers and Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world. It is the largest and most well-known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.
A Big sister and Little sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park, cooking, playing sport or going to a football match. These activities improve the friendship and hep the young person develop positive self-respect, confidence and life direction.
Emily and Sarah have been matched since 2008. Emily is a 10-year-old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. “I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.” Emily’s mom came across Big Brothers and Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback about herself other than just relying on schoolmates ta measure her self-worth.” Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program. “I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes it is all work and no play.”
Big Brothers and Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A popular organization called Big Brothers and Big Sisters matches vulnerable young people with adult volunteers, or rather, tutors. (基本点1) Tutors and matched youngsters, like Sarah and Emily, attend fun activities together regularly, which helps improve their friendship and brings benefits to both sides. (基本点2) The partnership helps vulnerable young people like Emily become more optimistic, confident, purposeful. (基本点3)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Big Brothers and Big Sisters项目如何通过成人志愿者帮助弱势青少年，最终经过努力取得了一定成效。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Big Brothers and Big Sisters is aimed at helping young people through friendship with an adult, who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
②These activities improve the friendship and hep the young person develop positive self-respect, confidence and life direction..
③Emily and Sarah have been matched since 2008，which has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah.
④They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，Big Brothers and Big Sisters项目通过游戏的方式把成年人与年轻人组合在一起；将第3个要点单独呈现，表达Big Brothers and Big Sisters项目给Emily and Sarah带来的具体的好处；将第4个要点作为补充，Big Brothers and Big Sisters项目好处延伸到更多的青年人中且更加全面。
3.遣词造句
A popular organization called Big Brothers and Big Sisters matches vulnerable young people with adult volunteers, or rather, tutors.
Tutors and matched youngsters, like Sarah and Emily, attend fun activities together regularly, which helps improve their friendship and brings benefits to both sides.
The partnership helps vulnerable young people like Emily become more optimistic, confident, purposeful.
【点睛】[高分句型1]A popular organization called Big Brothers and Big Sisters matches vulnerable young people with adult volunteers, or rather, tutors.运用了一个非谓语动词结构对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。其中called是非谓语表达为“被称作”，作organization后置定语,表达高级。
[高分句型2]Tutors and matched youngsters, like Sarah and Emily, attend fun activities together regularly, which helps improve their friendship and brings benefits to both sides. 运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第四段和第五段进行了概括。其中which引导的非限制性定语从句，表达高级。
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72．对油画感兴趣的人们能够在网上得到美术馆的免费票。（available）
【答案】Free tickets for the art gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings.
【详解】考查时态、名词和定语从句。根据句意可知本句为一般现在时态，“美术馆的免费票”译为free tickets for the art gallery，tickets为主语，且为复数，系动词应使用are，“能够在网上得”译为available online，“对油画感兴趣的人们”使用定语从句，翻译为those who are interested in oil paintings，故翻译为Free tickets for the art gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings.
73．我们历时三年时间，开发了一款体育器材，既强身健体，又促进心理健康。(commit)
【答案】We have committed three years to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being.
【详解】考查定语从句。表示“我们”应用代词we作主句的主语；表示“历时”应用动词commit，根据句意应用现在完成时have committed，作主句的谓语；表示“三年时间”应用three years，作主句的宾语；表示“开发了一款体育器材”应用不定式短语 to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment，作状语；表示“既强身健体，又促进心理健康”应用定语从句that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being修饰先行词equipment，其中关系代词that在从句中作主语指代先行词equipment，表示“强身健体，又促进心理健康”应用动词短语strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being，作并列的谓语和宾语。故翻译为：We have committed three years to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being.
74．刷好评的现象太普遍了，以至于普通消费者很难分辨电商平台上的产品质量是否好。（fake）
【答案】The phenomenon of faking good reviews is so common that it’s very difficult for ordinary consumers to tell whether the product quality on e-commerce platforms is good or not.
【详解】考查固定句型、时态、宾语从句和状语从句。“刷好评的现象”翻译为The phenomenon of faking good reviews；“如此……以至于……”用短语so...that...，引导结果状语从句；“普遍的”用形容词common；“对某人来说是很难的”用it’s very difficult for sb. to do sth.；“普通消费者”翻译为ordinary consumer；“分辨”用动词tell，后接宾语从句；“是否”用短语whether...or not；“在电商平台上”翻译为 on e-commerce platforms；“产品质量”翻译为product quality。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为The phenomenon of faking good reviews is so common that it’s very difficult for ordinary consumers to tell whether the product quality on e-commerce platforms is good or not.
75．这所百年老校近年来开展了一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动，让更多学生感受到经典的独特魅力。(launch)
【答案】In recent years, this century-old school has launched a series of ‘Classical Music in the Classroom’ activities, allowing more students to experience the unique charm of classics.
【详解】考查介词短语、名词短语、动词、动词短语、非谓语动词好时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“近年来”应为介词短语In recent years作时间状语；表示“这所百年老校”应为名词短语this century-old school；表示“开展”为动词launch；表示“一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动”应为名词短语a series of ‘Classical Music in the Classroom’ activities；后接非谓语动词作状语，表示“允许某人做某事”应为动词短语allow sb to do sth；此处allow和逻辑主语this century-old school为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；表示“感受到经典的独特魅力”应为动词短语experience the unique charm of classics；结合句意和时间状语In recent years可知，该句应为现在完成时。故翻译为：In recent years, this century-old school has launched a series of ‘Classical Music in the Classroom’ activities, allowing more students to experience the unique charm of classics.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的学生王伟，学校科创社将联合文学社共同举办主题为“科技与生活”的征文活动，要求大家围绕这一主题，介绍能够体现科技进步让生活变得更美好的一件物品或一项技术。你的写作内容须包括：
1.介绍其功能或用途。
2.说说其对生活的影响。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Wonders of Smart Home Systems
My name is Wang Wei, a student from Mingqi High School. I am thrilled to participate in the essay competition jointly organized by our school’s Science and Innovation Club and Literature Society, with the theme “Technology and Life.”
In my essay, I would like to introduce smart home systems, which have revolutionized our daily lives. These systems integrate various household appliances, allowing for remote control through smartphones or voice commands. From adjusting the lighting and temperature to securing the home with smart locks, these systems offer unparalleled convenience.
The impact of smart home technology on our lives is profound. They not only enhance our comfort but also contribute to energy efficiency and security. By automating routine tasks, they free up our time, enabling us to focus on more meaningful activities. In conclusion, smart home systems embody the essence of how technological advancements make life better.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于投稿征文。学校科创社将联合文学社共同举办主题为“科技与生活”的征文活动，要求考生围绕写一篇征文，介绍能够体现科技进步让生活变得更美好的一件物品或一项技术。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：thrilled→exhilarated
举办：organize →hold
主题：theme→topic
无与伦比的：unparalleled→incomparable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am thrilled to participate in the essay competition jointly organized by our school’s Science and Innovation Club and Literature Society, with the theme “Technology and Life.”
拓展句：I am thrilled to participate in the essay competition , which is jointly organized by our school’s Science and Innovation Club and Literature Society, with the theme “Technology and Life.”
【点睛】【高分句型1】In my essay, I would like to introduce smart home systems, which have revolutionized our daily lives.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】These systems integrate various household appliances, allowing for remote control through smartphones or voice commands. （运用了现在分词作状语的结构）
附：【录音文字稿】
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Excuse me, can you give me the balance on my account
W: Sure. Tell me your account number.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place (B)
2. M: Please take a seat, Miss Simmons. Now you are applying for a job as a medical lab technician. What’s your experience in this kind of work
W: Well, I’ve been working as a receptionist in a doctor’s clinic for the past three years.
Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers？(A)
3. M: This book is said to help you find out more about yourself, for example, your hidden talent.
W: Ridiculous. You can’t judge a book by its cover.
Q: What does the woman mean (C)
4. M: There’s a strike at the airport so my trip’s been cancelled.
W: Oh, no! That’s a shame. Will you get your money back
Q: Why is the man’s trip cancelled (C)
5. M: I haven’t had a break for two weeks. I even get up early in the morning to study before I leave for school.
W: I was late for school a couple of days ago. Same reason.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation (D)
6. M: Mum, I can’t go to bed before 11 today. 3 test papers and 2 articles.
W: If you hadn’t stood here complaining about it, you would have finished some.
Q: What does the woman mean (B)
7. W: Jack said his father’s flying all the way to New Zealand to watch the next baseball match against England.
M: Wow. That’s just so cool. Wish I could do that.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation (A)
8. M: You two argue so much. How can you live together
W: After 20 years of marriage we’re used to each other.
Q: What can we learn about the couple (C)
9. W: How many students do you have in this college
M: Well, we have 2,400 altogether. A quarter of them are overseas students and the rest are local.
Q: How many local students are there in the college (C)
10. W: Is there any special care I should take with this woolen sweater
M: Machine cold wash, gentle cycle.
Q: What are they talking about (A)
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
On this graduation ceremony I’d like to offer my sincere congratulations to you all. Well done, everyone. I’ve got three tips to share with you, hoping to make a direction for the future life after your graduation from college.
Tip one: There are few things that get you over your own crop more than working hard. Do you want to know how to work hard It’s not difficult. All you have to do is to listen. Listen to what’s going on around you. Learn how the project you are working on fits into the big picture. Learn how you fit in. When you truly understand how the big picture works, you start being able to expect changes and change your behavior.
Tip two: Be kind to everyone. I can’t stress this enough, but it remains true. Kindness will pay back invaluable rewards. Don’t you believe me I’m sure that at some point you’ll have the opportunity to work for someone who used to be your assistant, or hire someone who used to be your boss.
Tip three: Stay interested. Is there anything you can’t stop thinking about Keep doing it. Interest is the better part of success. You will be great at the things that you are willing to do.
Remember that you have time to figure out what you want to do. You have time to try again. Just have courage to do it so long as you’re willing to work hard.
Questions:
11. Whom is the speech aimed at (B)
12. Why does the speaker give the speech (C)
13. Which of the following is NOT a tip the speaker share (C)
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Left foot, right foot, left foot, right foot … you can travel fast or slow. The movement of your feet gets you where you need to go. But it also gets you so much more! Walking is a basic, simple exercise that’s suitable for almost everyone.
Walking helps you in many ways. First it makes you heart stronger. Studies show regular walking reduces your chance of heart disease. Walking quickly for 30 minutes a day also helps control high blood pressure. It can reduce your chance of developing some cancers, too.
Want to lose weight You need to burn 600 more calories each day than you eat. Walking is the easiest way. As people age, their brains don’t work as well. One in 14 people over 65 suffers from memory loss. Older people who walk six miles or more per week keep their brains in better shape.
Walking helps your mental health, too. Putting one foot in front of the other isn’t difficult. You don’t have to think about it, so you can concentrate on other things.
You can make walking part of your day. Instead of parking near your house, park a distance away and walk. Instead of taking the elevator, walk. Make walking a habit, and see how it makes you feel.
Questions:
14. What’s the topic of the passage (A)
15. Why is walking good for people’s mental health (D)
16. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about walking in the passage (D)
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Hi, Bryan. How are you doing You look tired.
M: Oh, I’m a little burned out. I’ve been surfing the Net for the last few hours.
W: Were you doing schoolwork, or was it just for pleasure.
M: Well, I wanted to get some information on South America for a project I have, but I found a really interesting chat site with people from there and started chatting.
W: Well, did you get the information you needed
M: Yes, but then we spent lots of time chatting about other interests.
W: I see. The Internet is a wonderful place. There is so much information available. Sometimes I find myself looking for one piece of information, but by the time I have finished, I have lot of more than I started off looking for.
M: I know. One thing I really don’t like about it, though, it takes so much longer to find things, because many sites are useless.
W: Yes, there is that, and also, I often find the same site over and over again in a search. That definitely wastes lots of my time.
M: And of course, there are sites that offer little to no relative information on the topic you are searching for. In my search today, I found quite a few sites that were nothing more than old event calendars.
W: Well, I’m sure they were useful to someone at some time, but they should be removed when they’re no longer of use to anyone.
M: I agree. With all the time I spend on it, I still find it to be the best source of information available. And speaking of information, I really should read though what I got on the Internet and start working on my subjects.
W: Okay. Good luck. It’s funny we had this chat, as I was just on my way home to surf the Net myself.
M: Well, it was nice talking to you, and maybe I’ll meet you in a chat room later tonight.
Questions:
17. Why does the man look tired (C)
18. Why did the man surf the Internet (D)
19. What’s the woman’s opinion about surfing the Internet (C)
20. What does the man NOT like about the Internet (B)
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2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语模拟卷01
考试版
（满分140分，考试用时120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 测试范围：选择性必修一 Unit~Unit 3（沪教版+沪外版）
4. 难度系数：0.65。
5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
A. At a restaurant. B. At a bank.
C. At a gym. D. At a supermarket.
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Headmaster and chemistry teacher.
Doctor and patient. D. Receptionist and hotel guest.
A. The man can find his talent by himself.
It’s impossible to find one’s hidden talent.
C.The book won’t be as good as it is introduced.
D. It’s ridiculous to judge a person by his talent.
4. A. He hasn’t paid the money. B. He arrived late at the airport.
C. There was a strike at the airport. D. He felt it a shame to travel alone.
5. A. Both of them were late for school two weeks ago.
The man stayed up studying until the next morning.
The man broke up with the woman several days ago.
Their schedule was so tight that they studied in the morning.
A. The boy’s homework is not as much as he describes.
The boy should start doing homework rather than complain.
The boy should have finished some homework at school.
The boy should complain to his teacher about too much homework.
A. Jack’s father is a baseball fan. B. It’s winter in New Zealand.
C. The match will be held in England. D. The man wishes he could play baseball.
8. A. They divorced 20 years ago.
They often argue about where to live.
They’re used to the character of the partner.
They feel regretful for the arguments made during marriage.
9. A. 600. B. 1200.
C. 1800. D. 2400.
10. A. The correct way to wash a sweater. B. The maintenance of a machine.
C. The effect of cycling on cold weather. D. The special way to identify woolen products.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A. Future researchers. B. College students.
C. Company employees. D. Successful artists.
A. To teach the listeners how to work hard.
B.To enable the listeners to get better salaries.
C.To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.
D.To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.
A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.
C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly.
15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.
C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it.
16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life.
C. It can make people’s hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours.
C. He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night.
18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.
C. To release pressure from heavy work. D. To look for information for his project.
19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars.
B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet.
C. A lot of information can be found.
D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.
20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.
B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.
C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom.
D. It’s hardly the best source of information available.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children
For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app 21 (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp.
She got the idea when she 22 (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed 23 (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community.
The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box 24 the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s 25 Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, 26 works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.”
Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person 27 go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things 28 (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles.
Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am.
She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella 29 (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child 30 (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．backfire B．compensate C． extend D．impressive E. meaningfulF. measure G. needle H. overall I. perceive J. punishment K. typically
Why You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose Weight
Many of us are lacing up our sneakers and starting (or restarting) exercise regimens (练身计划) in hopes of shedding unwanted pounds. Unquestionably, aiming to be more active is good. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your New Year’s resolution could very well 31 .
For starters, exercise — at least the kind most of us do — is 32 ineffective for weight loss. Take walking, for example. A 150-pound person who walks briskly for 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That’s equal to one can of soda — not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It’s much easier just to skip the soda.
Studies 33 show that doing moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as walking for 30 minutes a day, five days a week — the amount recommended for good health — typically produces little or no weight loss by itself.
When moderate exercise is added to diet, the results are equally not 34 . Pooling data from six trials, researchers found that a combination of diet and exercise generated no greater weight loss than diet alone after six months.
In studies where exercise has produced 35 weight loss, participants burned at least 400 to 500 calories per session on five or more days a week. To achieve that, sessions need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do. And even if we manage to exert that much effort, our bodies often 36 by boosting appetite and dialing down metabolism, effects that over time limit how many pounds we shed.
Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into 37 . How many times have you heard someone say (or said yourself) “I’ll need to do extra exercise” after eating too much during the holidays or at a celebratory dinner
The point is that we’re more likely to 38 exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight. The incentive may be an improved mood or less stress. Others may find that exercise makes them feel physically and mentally stronger.
Of course, the benefits of physical activity 39 well beyond these. It’s been shown to reduce the risk of multiple diseases. It can also improve sleep and boost energy.
By all means, striving to exercise regularly in the new year is perhaps the most important thing you can do for your health. But to improve the odds of success, focus on how movement helps you feel better physically and emotionally — and forget about how it moves the 40 on the scale.
III.Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public 41 to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost 42 the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous 43 . As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to 44 their own.
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a 45 new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and 46 a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top 47 . The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with 48 personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, 49 almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there’s a related 50 tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s 51 is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the 52 attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to 53 a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. 54 , the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as 55 might last a lifetime, but fashion-like celebrity-has always been short-lived.
41．A．tends B．returns C．aims D．means
42．A．abandoned B．delayed C．established D．assumed
43．A．films B．faces C．issues D．stories
44．A．inventing B．composing C．exploring D．developing
45．A．dramatically B．completely C．steadily D．normally
46．A．taken by B．set for C．limited to D．listed on
47．A．brands B．trends C．sales D．editions
48．A．common B．specific C．potential D．artificial
49．A．promoting B．extending C．engaging D．covering
50．A．disappointing B．warning C．greeting D．amazing
51．A．origin B．organization C．release D．intention
52．A．continuous B．crazy C．initial D．sincere
53．A．strike B．isolate C．promote D．reduce
54．A．Still B．Thus C．Moreover D．Indeed
55．A．stars B．models C．designers D．advertisers
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.
London loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting.
London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, rancher (大农场主), and factory employee, to name just a few of his many jobs.
London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is a much larger sailing boat.
Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In l897, he headed for Alaska. He didn’t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories.
London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather be a superb meteor (流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer, nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer.
White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London’s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels.
56．Why was Jack London able to write on many topics
A．He had a variety of experiences and jobs.
B．He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush.
C．He pushed himself to reach his ultimate goals.
D．He was the best-selling and highest-paid author.
57．Why did Jack London not complete college
A．He traveled to Alaska in 1897. B．He was hired to sail to Japan.
C．He spent much of his time writing. D．He was not interested enough.
58．Which word best describes Jack London
A．Cautious. B．Unfocused. C．Imaginative. D．Sympathetic.
59．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To identify books written by Jack London.
B．To provide information on Jack London’s life.
C．To describe life during the Klondike Gold Rush.
D．To support the statement that London was the best writer.
(B)
New big pack from Sierra DesignsThe latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It’s made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs 130. Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale bootsMaestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits(排放) 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa’s Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs 500.scarpa.co.uk/ellis-
Vasque Breeze gets sustainable updateThe well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It’s now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs 140. The North Face launches new ski touring clothingThe Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2.0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is 350. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs 325.thenorthface.co.uk
60．Who might be the target readers of the passage
A．The ski athletes. B．The environmentalists.
C．The fabric producers. D．The outdoor lovers.
61．In the ski boots production, which order is correct in terms of the carbon dioxide emissions
A．Polymer>Pebax Renew>Fossil-based Plastics
B．Fossil-based Plastics> Polymer>Pebax Renew
C．Fossil-based Plastics>Pebax Renew>Polymer
D．Polymer>Fossil-based Plastics>Pebax Renew
62．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage
A．The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.
B．The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.
C．The latest big pack from Sierra Designs has a fixed back system.
D．Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.
(C)
A new study, which found that eating ultra- processed (超加工的) food (like fish fingers, fizzy drinks and ready meals) could increase the risk of death, made for alarming headlines. The Sun told us that “just for portions of processed food a day could kill you”, while The Telegraph said that ultra-processed foods “could increase the risk of early death by 60 percent”.
As is often the case, the research is well-designed and alarming. What’s more, the news coverage is not exactly false. The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are. Let’s unpack what the evidence means in this case.
Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day. They found that those who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 62 percent increased risk of death from any cause, compared with those who ate the least. If we assume the conclusions are accurate, then a 62 percent increased risk of death sounds pretty shocking. But what does it mean
Let’s imagine two friends — Wanda and Winona. They’re both around 50, the same weight, do the same amount of exercise, have same family histories of disease, but not the same habits or lifestyle. Wanda is keen on instant noodles, fish fingers and fizzy drinks, while Winona prefers steamed vegetables and whole meal bread. Each one faces an annual risk of death, whose technical name is their “hazard”. The key statistic reported in the Spanish study was a hazard ratio (率) of 1.62. This means that, for two people like Wanda and Winona who are similar apart from their different diets, the one with the risk factor — Wanda — has a 62 percent increased annual risk of death over the follow- up period (around 14 years in the Spanish study).
It’s tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda’s life is going to be 62 percent shorter than Winona’s, but that’s not what’s going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be alarming as it sounds. In the UK, for example, the average annual risk of death for 50-year-old women is around 0.2 percent, which means you might expect 2 in every 1,000 women like Winona to die each year. A 62 percent increase on that number gives around a 0.3 percent annual risk of death, which would be 3 in every 1,000 women like Wanda. The difference in 1,000, sounds a lot less alarming than the 62 percent which made the headlines.
63．What does the writer imply about the increased risk of death covered in the news
A．It reflects people’s ignorance of what makes a healthy diet.
B．The interpretation of it needs to be weighed objectively.
C．It is a conclusion drawn from a poorly designed study.
D．The understanding of it varies from country to country.
64．What did the Spanish researchers do in their study
A．They divided the students into two groups.
B．They collected the data by means of interviews.
C．They followed the subjects for more than a decade.
D．They made up two friends named Wanda and Winona.
65．According to the writer, why is it that the 62 percent annual increase in risk of death may not be that alarming
A．The chance of dying in a year for the average person is relatively minimal.
B．It is based on the data that the Spanish researchers collected 14 years ago.
C．The relevant study has failed to take other factors into consideration.
D．People in the UK are becoming more and more health-conscious.
66．What can be concluded from the passage
A．The news coverage ought to be as objective as possible.
B．There needs to be more evidence for the increase in risk of death.
C．The harm done by ultra-processed food is not as serious as reported.
D．There should be regulations on the production of ultra-processed food.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Young children value the lives of animals more than adults do
If you had to save the life of a person or an animal, which would you choose Most adults say they would pick the person, but almost half of young children would prefer to save the animal, according to a study in Poland.
“The finding really surprised us,” says Matti Wilks at the University of Edinburgh, UK. 67 For example, a survey of millions of people in 233 countries, most of them in their 20s and 30s, found they largely agreed that self- driving cars should crash into dogs or cats instead of people if they had to choose.
However, growing evidence suggests many young children feel differently. Using a toy railway and Lego figures, Wilks and her colleagues presented 170 children aged 6 to 9 in an urban part of Poland with scenarios based on a thought experiment called the trolley problem. The children had to decide whether to direct a runaway rail car down one of two tracks so that it crashed into a Lego person or a Lego animal — either a dog or chimpanzee. 68
About 42 per cent of the children wanted to save the dog and make the rail car collide with the person, compared with just 17 per cent of adults. About 28 per cent of children also prioritized the chimpanzee over the person, compared with 11 per cent of adults.
“Children learn from their parents, teachers and others that it’s really important to care for others, but it may be easier for them to learn this as a blanket rule that applies to both humans and animals,” says Karri Neldner at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany. 69 “However, as they get older, they might pick up on cultural narratives that tell us it’s really important to care for other people,” says Neldner.
70 When she asked Australian children aged 4 to 10 to order pictures of people, animals, plants and objects according to how much they cared about them, the 4- year- olds tended to care more about dogs, cats and dolphins than about classmates, police officers and sick people, but this was reversed in the 10- year- olds.
The reason children value dogs so highly is probably due to familiarity, says Wilks. Her studies have found that children who spent more time with dogs were more likely to say they would save a dog over a person.
A．Most adults view human life as especially precious.B．Her research suggests this shift starts by the age of 10.C．Surprisingly, children were more likely to save a dog over a person.D．For comparison, the researchers repeated this with 178 Polish adults aged 18 to 50.E．As a result, they don’t show a strong preference for saving one over the other, she says.F．About 28 per cent of children aged 5 to 9 said they would save a dog over a person, compared with 8 per cent of adults.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Big Brothers and Big Sisters is aimed at helping young people through friendship with an adult. It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people aged 7-17 with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
Volunteer tutors come form all walks of life - married, single, with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers. They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk with and go to when needed.
Big Brothers and Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world. It is the largest and most well-known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.
A Big sister and Little sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park, cooking, playing sport or going to a football match. These activities improve the friendship and hep the young person develop positive self-respect, confidence and life direction.
Emily and Sarah have been matched since 2008. Emily is a 10-year-old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. “I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.” Emily’s mom came across Big Brothers and Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback about herself other than just relying on schoolmates ta measure her self-worth.” Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program. “I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes it is all work and no play.”
Big Brothers and Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72．对油画感兴趣的人们能够在网上得到美术馆的免费票。（available）
73．我们历时三年时间，开发了一款体育器材，既强身健体，又促进心理健康。(commit)
74．刷好评的现象太普遍了，以至于普通消费者很难分辨电商平台上的产品质量是否好。（fake）
75．这所百年老校近年来开展了一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动，让更多学生感受到经典的独特魅力。(launch)
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的学生王伟，学校科创社将联合文学社共同举办主题为“科技与生活”的征文活动，要求大家围绕这一主题，介绍能够体现科技进步让生活变得更美好的一件物品或一项技术。你的写作内容须包括：
1.介绍其功能或用途。
2.说说其对生活的影响。
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