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【核心考点集训】2025秋人教版英语八年级上册期中复习学案
知识过关第4讲 语法
（1）复合不定代词
1.复合不定代词的构成
由 some-, any-, no-, every-加上-one, - body, - thing 构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了no one 以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。
分类 some- any- no- every-
-one someone anyone no one everyone
-body somebody anybody nobody everybody
-thing something anything nothing everything
2.复合不定代词的用法
课文再现 归纳总结
☆— Did you go anywhere interesting — Yes, I went to Yunnan. ☆I felt bored, so I decided to look for something to read. 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式要置于其后。
☆— Did you do anything interesting on your holiday —— No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting. ☆ I didn't go anywhere special, but I tried something new. (1)由some-构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中； (2)由any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于一般疑问句和否定句中。
☆The hotel was nice, with a comfortable bed, and everything was very clean. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
注意：
在表示邀请、请求、建议等的疑问句中，常用由 some-构成的复合不定代词，此类表达隐含了说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
如：
— Would you like something to eat 你想吃点什么吗 —— Yes, please. 是的。
（2） 一般过去时
1.意义
(1)表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago 等。
(2)也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和 after，always等表示频度的状语差用。如：
He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。
2.一般过去时的构成
含be动词的一般过去时
课文再现 归纳总结
☆☆ was fantastic. notice the time. 肯定句:主语+ be动词(was; were)+其他.
☆ She was not/ wasn't at home yesterday. 否定句:主语+be 动词+not+其他
☆— Was I late yesterday — Yes, you were. / No, you were not/weren't. 一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其他 答语: Yes,主语+ be动词. / No,主语+ be 动词+ not.
☆How was your holiday 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)+be动词+主语+其他
(2)含实义动词的一般过去时
课文再现 归纳总结
☆I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there. 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他
☆Adam didn't do anything special. 否定句：主语+didn't/ did not+动词原形+其他.
☆—— Did you go anywhere interesting —— Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 答语: Yes, 主语+ did. / No, 主语+ didn't/ did not.
☆Where did he stay 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)+did+主语+动词原形+其他
（3）Can/Could 表示礼貌地请求和征求许可
情态动词 can 和 could 均可表示礼貌地请求和征求许可，但 could 语气更加委婉。
1. Can/ Could 表示请求
1. Can/ Could 表示请求
课文再现 归纳总结
☆—— Could you please sweep the floor =OK, Mum. I' ll do it at once. ☆—— Can you help me hang up the photos —— Sure. / No problem! 结构: Could you(please)/ Can you +动词原形 + 其他 你可以做某事吗 /麻烦你做某事好吗 肯定回答: Yes./ Sure./OK./ Certainly./ No problem./ With pleasure.等 否定回答: Sorry, I can't./ Sorry, I have to.../I'm afraid 1can't.等
2. Can Could 表示征求许可
课文再现 归纳总结
☆— Could I hang out with my friends after lunch —— Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. ☆— Can I put some flowers on the table —— Yes, good idea! 结构: Can/ Could I + 动词原形+ 其他 我可以做某事吗 /让我做某事好吗 肯定回答: Yes(, you can)./ Yes, please./ Sure./Of course(you can).等 否定回答: Sorry/ No, you can't./ Sorry, you have to.../I'm afraid you can't.等
注意:
Can/ Could 表示礼貌地请求和征求许可时,回答要用 can 或 can't,不能用 could 或 couldn't。
（4）形容词和副词的比较级的构成
1.规则变化
构成方法 例词
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，词尾加er tall→taller fast→faster
以字母e结尾的词，词尾加r late→later large→larger
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后词尾加er thin→thinner big→bigger
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后词尾加-er funny→funnier early→earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加more outgoing→more outgoing popular→more popular
2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 原级 比较级
good/ well better little less
bad/ badly worse far farther
many/ much more further
二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法
表示两者(人或事物)的比较。
1.比较级句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's. ☆Ella dances better than Emma, butEmma sings louder than her. 表示“比 更 ”: (1) be动词+形容词的比较级+ than... (2)实义动词+副词的比较级+ than...
☆I am less straightforward than he is. 表示“不如 那么 ”: less+形容词或副词的原级(部分双音节词和多音节词)+ than...
☆Who dances better, Ella or Emma 表示“ 更 , A or B ”: 特殊疑问词+be动词/实义动词+形容词或副词的比较级, A or B
注意:(1)比较级之前可用 much,a little, even, a lot 等修饰,起强调作用。如:
Light travels much faster than sound. 光比声音传播得更快。
(2)than后可接人称代词的宾格或“人称代词的主格+be动词/助动词”。如：
She works harder than I do/ me. 她比我工作更努力。
(3)than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类人或事物之间的比较。如：
Lucy's car is newer than my car/ mine. 露西的车比我的(车)新。
拓展：其他表示比较的常用句型
(1)表示“越来越 ”:
①比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)
②more and more+形容词或副词原级(部分双音节词和多音节词)
如: The weather is getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。
That girl is becoming more and more beautiful. 那个女孩正变得越来越漂亮。
(2)表示“越 ,就越 ”: the+比较级, the+比较级
如: The earlier you arrive, the more relaxed you will feel. 你越早到达,你就会感觉越放松。
2.“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆She is as slim as me. ☆I work as hard as her! 表示“和 一样 ”: as+形容词或副词的原级+ as...
☆I'm not as/ so outgoing as you. ☆He did not come as/ so early as Wang Lin. 表示“不如 那么 ”: not as/ so+形容词或副词的原级+ as...
（5）形容词和副词的最高级的构成
1.规则变化
构成方法 例子
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，词尾加-est; tall→tallest fast→fastest
以字母e结尾的词，词尾加- st; large→largest late→latest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后词尾加-est; big→biggest hot→hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为 i ，然后词尾加- est heavy→heaviest early→earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most popular→most popular beautiful→most beautiful
2.不规则变化
原级 最高级 原级 最高级
good/ well best little least
bad/ badly worst far farthest
many/ much most furthest
二、形容词和副词的最高级的用法
最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有 in， among， of的短语等来说明比较的范围。
1.形容词的最高级的常用句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 主语+ be动词+ the +形容词的最高级+名词+比较范围
☆I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. the+形容词的最高级+名词+比较范围+ be动词+表语
☆The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. 主语+ be 动词+one of+ the+形容词的最高级+ 复数名词+比较范围
☆Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower 特殊疑问词+ be 动词+ the+形容词的最高级,A, B, or C
2.副词的最高级的常用句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals. ☆Among all animals, I love pandas(the) best. 主语 + 实义动词( +宾语) +(the) +副词的最高级+比较范围
☆Which animal jumps (the) highest, the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog 特殊疑问词+实义动词( +宾语)+(the)+副词的最高级, A, B,orC
注意：
形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不再用 the。副词最高级前的 the可以省去。
1．There is ________ with my bike. I’ll have it repaired this afternoon.
A．something wrong B．wrong something
C．anything wrong D．wrong anything
2．Lifelong learning is very useful because it brings ________ every day.
A．something old B．something new C．anything new D．anything old
3．On weekends, we like to go ________ to relax.
A．somewhere B．anywhere C．nowhere D．everywhere
4．—Would you like ________ to drink
—No, thanks. I don’t want to drink ________.
A．something; nothing B．anything; everything
C．something; anything D．anything; something
5．—Could you please give me ________ to drink I am so thirsty.
—Sorry. We have ________ left in our bags.
A．anything; nothing B．anything; something
C．something; nothing D．something; everything
6．—Did you discover ________ exciting in the seaside town last vacation
—Absolutely! The sunset views were breathtaking.
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
7．—Did you meet ________ interesting during your trip to Scotland
—Yes, I met a local farmer who told me stories about deer.
A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone
8．Is there ________ special in today’s newspaper
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
9．My brother didn’t go out with ________ yesterday because he had to finish his homework alone.
A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone
10．—How much money do you have on you
—________. I forgot to bring my wallet with me this morning.
A．No one B．None C．Nothing D．Nowhere
11．—Fire! Get out quickly! Jim, how many students are there in the classroom now
—There is ________ left, Mr. Jack. Everyone is in the playground now.
A．nobody B．none C．no one D．nothing
12．________ is possible if we stick to our dreams.
A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Anyone
13．Did you have ________ when you visited Luzhou
A．something delicious B．anything delicious
C．delicious anything D．delicious something
14．Kang Hao didn’t feel like doing ________ because he was upset.
A．something B．anything C．someone D．anyone
15．—Dad, ________ is knocking at the door.
—Go and see who he is. I am busy now.
A．someone B．everyone C．anyone D．no one
16．—Is your sister ill
—Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold.
A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious
17．—Next month we’re going ________ as soon as the holiday begins.
—Sounds good!
A．somewhere interesting B．interesting somewhere
C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere
18．We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do _______.
A．something meaningful B．meaningful something
C．anything meaningful D．meaningful anything
19．There is _______ with my computer. I will have my uncle repair it this afternoon.
A．wrong something B．something wrong C．nothing wrong D．wrong nothing
20．Would you like ________ to drink It’s so hot today.
A．something cold B．cold something C．anything cold D．cold anything
21．—Ella, you look so tired.
—Oh, I ________ up late last night to finish my science project.
A．stay B．stayed C．will stay D．am staying
22．She ________ to school because she was ill yesterday.
A．doesn’t go B．didn’t go C．isn’t go D．goes
23．He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot.
A．used to go; is used to going B．used to going; is used to go
C．was used to go; used to going D．was used to going; used to go
24．—Could you ______ this book to me, Lucy
—Sorry, I ______ it from Dave and I didn’t finish it yet.
A．borrowed; lent B．lend; borrowed C．borrow; lend D．lent; borrowed
25．— What a nice bike! Where ________ you ________ it
— In a store near my grandma’s home.
A．will; buy B．are; buying C．did; buy D．do; buy
26．Kobe, a famous basketball player ________ on January 26th, 2020 and his ________ made his fans sad.
A．dies; dead B．died; death C．dies; death D．died; dead
27．I ________ some flowers and a birthday cake for my mom on her birthday last week.
A．bought B．buy C．will buy D．to buy
28．Sam __________ to skate at the age of six.
A．learns B．learned C．has learned D．was learning
29．We _________ two weeks planning a treasure hunt last night. We hope it will be interesting.
A．spend B．spending C．spent D．spends
30．—Mr Wang, I found my wallet ________ on Vivian’s table yesterday afternoon.
— Really I can’t believe that she ________ to me yesterday.
A．lie; lay B．lied; lied C．lying; lied D．lay; lie
31．He ________ to realize (意识到) the importance of the meeting and arrived late.
A．succeeded B．understood C．missed D．failed
32．—How long did you stay in Hong Kong
—We ________ there for about a week.
A．stay B．stays C．stayed D．staying
33．—________ you kindly help me arrange the furniture for the family gathering
—Of course! I’ll do it right away.
A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need
34．—________ I borrow your pen Mine is broken.
—Sure, here you are.
A．Should B．Must C．Could D．Need
35．—Could you help me pull the luggage into the room
—________. I’ll help you right now.
A．Yes, I could B．No, I couldn’t C．Yes, I can D．No, I can’t
36．—Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party
—Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday.
A．could; couldn’t B．could; can’t C．can; don’t have to
37．—________ I join the volunteer program on weekends
—Of course you can.
A．Could B．Must C．Should D．Would
38．—Mom, ________ I hang out with my classmates this Sunday afternoon
—Yes, of course you can.
A．can B．must C．need D．should
39．— Could I use your car
— No, you ________. I have to go out now.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．won’t
40．—________ you help me carry this heavy box to the bedroom
— Sure. I’d love to.
A．Could B．Must C．Should
41．— ________ I borrow your chess set to play with my friends
— Sure, here you are. But please be careful with it.
A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need
42．You can drive a car at the age of seventeen in England, but you ________ do that in China.
A．must B．can’t C．have to D．needn’t
43．—________ I finish watching this show
—Sorry, I am afraid you can’t. You need to clean your room first.
A．Might B．Need C．Could D．Should
44．—________ I hang out with my classmates, Mum
—Yes, but remember to come back early.
A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could
45．— ________ you please pass me the pen
—Sure, here you are.
A．Should B．Must C．Could D．Need
46．The clever boy ________ recite so many poems when he was three.
A．might B．would C．could D．must
47．—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t
48．—Can you come to my birthday party on Sunday
—________. I have to go to the doctor.
A．That’s too bad B．Sure, I’d love to C．Sorry, I can’t D．It’s my pleasure
49．—Could you please take out the rubbish
—______
A．Thank you! B．You’re welcome! C．No problem. D．That sounds good!
50．—________ I borrow your book I left mine at home.
—Sure, you ________ keep it for two days.
A．May; can B．Must; may C．Can; must D．Could; should
51．—I tried the sofa in the living room. It’s so soft!
—Yeah, but the one in my bedroom is ________. Do you want to take a nap there
A．more comfortable B．less comfortable C．more popular D．less popular
52．— Dad, Maths is too hard for me.
— Honey, work hard and you’ll find it’s not ________ you think.
A．more difficult as B．much difficult C．as difficult as D．difficult than
53．—What do you think of the Chinese restaurant
—Very wonderful. You can’t find ________ in our city.
A．a good one B．a better one C．a best one D．the best one
54．I’m not as ________ as my best friend. She makes people laugh a lot.
A．serious B．more serious C．outgoing D．more outgoing
55．—How’s the price of this pen
—It’s not ________ that one—I can afford it.
A．as high as B．as higher as C．so high than D．as high than
56．Emily is my ________ sister and she is two years ________ than me. But she is as ________ as I.
A．older, older, tall B．older, elder, taller
C．elder, older, tall D．elder, elder, taller
57．Strangely, the boys in our class can sing ________ than the girls.
A．more beautiful B．much beautifully
C．much more beautifully D．a little more beautiful
58．Betty thinks pizzas taste ________ hamburgers.
A．as best as B．as well as C．as good as D．as better as
59．—The apple pies here taste ________ than those from anywhere else.
—Yes. But it will be better if they are ________.
better; more expensive B．worse; more expensive
C．better; less expensive D．worse; less expensive
60．I work hard this term, but Peter works much ________ than me.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest
61．—The price of Labubu is not ________ that of last year.
—Exactly! And some people plan to buy other new toys instead.
A．as good as B．as cheap as C．as high as D．as low as
62．People who have a balanced diet live ________ than ________ who only eat hamburgers.
A．more healthy; the ones B．much more healthily; those
C．much healthier; those D．more healthily; ones
63．—What’s the number of clubs in our school
—Far ________ than you thought.
A．larger B．more C．less D．fewer
64．At the fruit market, Mr. Smith finds that apples are sold at 8 yuan per kilogram, while pears are 5 yuan per kilogram. He says to his wife, “The price of apples is ________, and pears are much ________.”
A．higher; cheaper B．lower; more expensive
C．more expensive; more cheap D．cheaper; more expensive
65．His house is ________ from the library than mine, so he often rides a bike there.
A．far B．farther C．farthest D．the farthest
66．—You are growing ________.
—Quite right. I have been in a basketball club for one year.
A．tall and tall B．taller and tall C．taller and taller D．tall and taller
67．Tom’s bike is as ________ as Peter’s.
A．the cheaper B．cheaper C．cheap D．much cheaper
68．Nothing is ________ than practising reading if you want to learn English well.
A．very important B．the most important
C．more important D．as important as
69．My best friend is not ________ tall as me, but she runs ________ than most students in our class.
A．so; faster B．as; fast C．too; faster D．very; fastest
70．—The cake looks ________.
—Yes, and it tastes even ________.
A．nice; better B．well; good C．good; worse D．better; best
71．This moon cake is ________ that one.
A．as twice big as B．as big twice as C．twice as big as D．as big as twice
72．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world
—Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China.
A．the biggest city; any other B．the biggest cities; any other
C．the biggest city; the other D．the biggest cities; the other
73．—Whose home is ________ away from school in your class
—Li Ming’s.
A．father B．far C．the farthest D．farther
74．I think traveling by train is the second ________ and far ________ than a rushed trip by air.
A．most comfortable, most enjoyable B．more comfortable, more enjoyable
C．more comfortable, most enjoyable D．most comfortable, more enjoyable
75．Canada is ________ country in the world by area after Russia.
A．second largest B．the second large C．the second larger D．the second largest
76．DeepSeek, one of ________ AI tools, is downloaded freely and quickly on the Internet.
A．the most popular B．more popular C．most popular D．popular
77．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all.
A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful
C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful
78．—Is the Yangtze River ________ river in the world
—No, it isn’t.
A．the second long B．a second longest C．the second longer D．the second longest
79．Many Chinese students think Science is ________ English.
A．more difficult as B．less difficult than
C．much difficult than D．so difficult as
80．—Angela usually comes to school earlier than ________ students in our class.
—The early bird catches the worm. She is one of ________ students in her class.
A．any other; the best B．the other; the better
C．any other; the better D．the other; the best
参考答案
1．A
【详解】句意：我的自行车有点毛病。我将在今天下午把它修好。
考查定语后置。形容词修饰不定代词时，须位于不定代词之后，作后置定语，故排除选项BD；代词something常用在肯定句，anything常用在否定和一般疑问句。故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：终身学习是非常有用的，因为它每天都会带来一些新的东西。
考查不定代词。something old一些旧的东西；something new一些新的东西；anything new任何新的东西；anything old任何旧的东西。根据“Lifelong learning is very useful”可知终身学习很有用，所以它每天会带来新的东西，“something”常用于肯定句，“anything”常用于否定句和疑问句，此句是肯定句，用“something new”。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：在周末，我们喜欢去某个地方放松。
考查副词辨析。somewhere某地；anywhere任何地方；nowhere没地方；everywhere每个地方。根据“we like to go...to relax”可知，是去某个地方放松。故选A。
4．C
【详解】句意：——你想喝点什么吗？——不，谢谢。我什么也不想喝。
考查不定代词的用法。something用于肯定句或表示委婉请求的疑问句中；anything一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没什么；everything一切。根据“Would you like … to drink ”可知，第一空是表示委婉请求的疑问句，应填something；根据“don’t want”可知，第二空为否定句，应填anything。故选C。
5．C
【详解】句意：——你能给我一些东西喝吗？我太渴了。——抱歉。我们的包里没有东西剩下的了。
考查代词辨析。something某物，一般用于肯定句或者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中；anything任何事物，一般用于否定句和疑问句中；nothing没有什么；everything一切。“Could you please... ”是典型的委婉请求句式，说话人因口渴迫切需要饮品，隐含“希望得到饮品”的期待，故用something；根据答句“Sorry”可知，说话人无法提供饮品，即“包里没有剩下任何东西（可喝的）”。nothing表示“没有任何事物”，符合“无法提供”的否定语境。故选C。
6．B
【详解】句意：——你上个假期在那个海滨小镇有没有发现什么令人兴奋的事情？——当然！日落景色美极了。
考查复合不定代词。something某事/某物，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句；nothing没有什么；everything每件事。分析句子可知，本句是一般疑问句，询问是否发现令人兴奋的事情，所以用“anything”。故选B。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你在苏格兰旅行期间遇到什么有趣的人了吗？——是的，我遇到了一位当地农民，他给我讲了关于鹿的故事。
考查不定代词用法。someone某人，用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句；anyone任何人，常用于否定句和疑问句中；no one没有人，表示否定意义；everyone每个人，表示全体。该句为一般疑问句，且根据答语“Yes, I met a local farmer”可知，说话者确实遇到了某个人，因此应
使用不定代词anyone。故选B。
8．B
【详解】句意：今天的报纸上有什么特别的事情吗？
考查代词辨析。something通常用于肯定句中，表示“某事”或“某物”；anything则用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“任何事”或“任何物”；nothing表示“没有事”或“没有物”；everything表示“每件事”或“所有事物”。根据“special in today’s newspaper”可知，是指报纸上有任何特别的事情吗，由于此处是一个一般疑问句，所以应该使用anything。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：我弟弟昨天没有和任何人一起出去，因为他不得不独自完成作业。
考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，一般用于肯定句；anyone任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句；no one没有人；everyone每个人。根据“My brother didn’t go out”可知，句子是否定句，表达“没有和任何人一起出去”，所以应该用anyone。故选B。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你身上有多少钱？——一点都没有。我今天早上忘记带钱包了。
考查代词辨析。No one没有人，用于回答who引导的问句；None一点都没有，可用于回答how much或how many引导的问句；Nothing没有什么东西，用于回答what引导的问句；Nowhere无处，用于回答where引导的问句。据“How much money”可知，此处是问身上钱的数量，应用None。故选B。
11．B
【详解】句意：——着火了！快出去！吉姆，现在教室里还有多少学生？——杰克先生，一个都没有了。所有人现在都在操场上。
考查不定代词辨析。nobody没人；none既可指人也可指物，可与of连用，常回答how many/much引导的问句；no one没人；nothing没什么东西。根据问句“how many students are there”可知，此处需用能回答数量、可指代人的不定代词。none符合“回答how many引导的问句、可指代人”的用法。故选B。
12．B
【详解】句意：如果我们坚持我们的梦想，一切皆有可能。
考查不定代词。something某物；anything任何事；nothing没事；anyone任何人。根据“if we stick to our dreams”可知，是说一切都有可能，表达为“Anything is possible”。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：你参观泸州时吃了什么美味的东西吗？
考查不定代词和形容词的位置关系。something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中；anything“任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。本句是疑问句，所以用anything，排除A和D；形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词之后，所以应该是anything delicious，排除C。故选B。
14．B
【详解】句意：康浩不想做任何事，因为他很沮丧。
考查不定代词辨析。something某事，常用于肯定句中；anything任何事，常用于否定句和疑问句中；someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anyone任何人，常用于否定句和疑问句中。根据“Kang Hao didn’t feel like doing...”可知，此处是否定句，且表示“不想做任何事”，所以应该用anything。故选B。
15．A
【详解】句意：——爸爸，有人在敲门。——去看看他是谁。我现在很忙。
考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，常用于肯定句中；everyone每个人；anyone任何人，常用于疑问句或否定句中；no one没有人。根据“is knocking at the door”以及“Go and see who he is.”可知，此处指有人在敲门，应用someone。故选A。
16．B
【详解】句意：——你的妹妹生病了吗？——不用担心。不严重，只是有一点感冒。
考查代词辨析和定语后置。nothing什么都没有；anything任何事；serious严重的，形容词。根据语境，此处表示不严重，只是有一点感冒，nothing符合语境；形容词修饰不定代词，置于代词之后。故选B。
17．A
【详解】句意：——下个月假期一开始我们就打算去某个有趣的地方。 ——听起来不错！
考查定语后置和副词用法。somewhere某处，副词，常用于肯定句中；anywhere在任何地方，副词，用于否定句和疑问句；interesting“有趣的”，形容词，修饰“somewhere”或“anywhere”时，要后置，排除B和D；句子为肯定句，应用somewhere，排除C。故选A。
18．A
【详解】句意：我们应该明智地使用零花钱，用它来做有意义的事。
考查不定代词及定语后置。something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句；meaningful有意义的。根据“We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do”可知，句子是肯定句，用something，排除C、D选项；形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。故选A。
19．B
【详解】句意：我的电脑出了一些问题。今天下午我要让我叔叔修理它。
考查不定代词。wrong something错误表达；something wrong有问题；nothing wrong没有问题；wrong nothing错误表达。根据后句“I will have my uncle repair it this afternoon.”可知电脑存在问题，且形容词修饰不定代词时需后置，故选B。
20．A
【详解】句意：你想喝点冷饮吗？今天这么热。
考查不定代词用法。something常用于肯定句，但也用于表示期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中；anything常用语否定句和疑问句。根据“Would you like”可知，此句为期望得到肯定回答的疑问句，用something。当形容词修饰something等不定代词时，需后置。故选A。
21．B
【详解】句意：——Ella，你看起来很累。——哦，我昨晚熬夜完成我的科学项目。
考查时态。根据“last night”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，stay的过去式为stayed。故选B。
22．B
【详解】句意：她没有去上学，因为她昨天生病了。
考查一般过去时。doesn’t go一般现在时；didn’t go一般过去时；isn’t go描述错误，直接排除；goes一般现在时。根据“yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，助动词用did。故选B。
23．A
【详解】句意：他过去常常骑自行车去上学，但现在他习惯步行去上学。
考查词义辨析。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。第一空表示过去常常骑自行车上学，用used to go；第二空表示现在习惯步行上学，用is used to going。故选A。
24．B
【详解】句意：——露西，你能把这本书借给我吗？——对不起，我从戴夫那里借的，还没看完。
考查动词辨析。borrowed借（过去式，借入）；lent借（过去式，借出）；lend借（原形，借出）；borrow借（原形，借入）。 “lend sth. to sb.”表示“把某物借给某人”，“borrow sth. from sb.”表示“从某人那里借某物”。根据“Could you… this book to me, Lucy ”可知，此处表示“借出”，在“Could”后用原形“lend”；根据“Sorry, I…it from Dave”可知，此处表示“借入”，用borrow，结合
“didn’t”可知用过去式“borrowed”。故选B。
25．C
【详解】句意：——多好的自行车啊！你在哪里买的它？——在我奶奶家附近的一家商店。
考查一般过去时。根据“What a nice bike!”可知，已经买了这辆自行车，表示动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。助动词用did，其后动词用原形。故选C。
26．B
【详解】句意：科比，一位著名的篮球运动员于2020年1月26日去世，他的死让他的球迷们感到伤心。
考查名词和动词。dies死，动词单数；dead死亡的，形容词；died死，动词过去式；death死亡，名词。第一空，根据“on January 26th, 2020”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词要用过去式，因此第一空用“died”表示“去世”；第二空，形容词性物主代词“his”后接名词作主语，因此第二空用名词“death”表示“死亡”。故选B。
27．A
【详解】句意：上周我妈妈生日那天，我给她买了一些花和一个生日蛋糕。
考查动词时态辨析。根据句中的时间状语“last week”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用buy的一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，故用bought，故选A。
28．B
【详解】句意：萨姆在6岁时学会了滑冰。
考查时态。learns“学习”，一般现在时的第三人称单数形式； learned“学习”，一般过去时；has learned“学习”，现在完成时；was learning过去进行时。根据“at the age of six.”可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选B。
29．C
【详解】句意：昨晚我们花了两周时间策划一场寻宝游戏。我们希望那会很有趣。
考查动词时态。根据句中“last night”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，“spent”是“spend”的过去式，符合语境，故选C。
30．C
【详解】句意：——王老师，昨天下午我发现我的钱包放在Vivian的桌子上。——真的吗？我不敢相信她昨天对我撒谎了。
考查非谓语与时态。“lie” 有两个核心含义及对应变形：①表示 “躺、位于” 时，现在分词为 “lying”，过去式为 “lay”；②表示 “说谎” 时，过去式为 “lied”，现在分词也为 “lying”。第一
空：结合前半句 “I found my wallet...on Vivian’s table yesterday afternoon”，可知此处 “lie” 表示 “（物品）平放、位于”，且 “钱包” 与 “位于” 是主动状态。“find + 宾语 + 现在分词” 是固定结构，强调 “发现某物正处于某种状态”，因此需用 “lie（表‘位于’）” 的现在分词 “lying”；第二空：结合后半句 “she...to me yesterday”可知，此处 “lie” 表示 “说谎”，且时间状语 “yesterday” 提示句子需用一般过去时。“lie（表‘说谎’）” 的过去式为 “lied”。故选C。
31．D
【详解】句意：他没能意识到会议的重要性，迟到了。
考查动词辨析。succeeded成功；understood理解；missed错过；failed失败。根据“arrived late”可知，是没意识到会议重要性才迟到，fail to do sth.“没能做某事”符合语境。故选D。
32．C
【详解】句意：——你们在香港待了多久？——我们在那里待了大约一周。
考查动词时态。根据“How long did you stay in Hong Kong ”可知，此处询问过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，stay的过去式为stayed。故选C。
33．C
【详解】句意：——你能好心地帮我为家庭聚会布置一下家具吗？——当然！我马上就做。
考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Should应该；Could能够，用于礼貌地请求；Need需要。根据答语“Of course! I’ll do it right away.”可知，此处是礼貌地请求对方帮忙，应用“Could”引导疑问句表示委婉语气。故选C。
34．C
【详解】句意：——我能借一下你的钢笔吗？我的坏了。——当然可以，给你。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该，用于提出建议或表示责任义务；must必须，强调强制性要求；could能、可以，用于委婉地请求许可；need需要，通常表示有必要做某事。根据“Mine is broken.”可知，此处是委婉地向对方请求借钢笔，应用could，故选C。
35．C
【详解】句意：——你能帮我把行李搬进房间吗？——是的，我可以。我马上帮你。
考查情景交际。Yes, I could是的，我可以；No, I couldn’t不，我不能；Yes, I can是的，我可以；No, I can’t不，我不能。问句中“Could you...”是委婉请求帮助的常用句式，此处的“could”并非表示过去时，而是用于缓和语气，因此回答时需用情态动词can（而非could）来回应当前的能力或意愿。根据答句后半句“I’ll help you right now”可知，应给出肯定回答，用Yes, I can。故选C。
36．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以邀请我的朋友参加聚会吗？——抱歉，不可以。你周一有考试。
考查情态动词。could可以；can可以；couldn’t不可以；can’t不可以；don’t have to不必。根据“Mom...I invite my friends to a party ”可知，此处表示请求，could是can的委婉形式，常用于征求许可，“Could I... ”比“Can I... ”更礼貌，符合孩子对妈妈说话的场景，所以第一空应选could；根据“Sorry”可知，妈妈拒绝了孩子的请求，应用can’t表示妈妈的拒绝态度。故选B。
37．A
【详解】句意：——我可以在周末参加志愿者项目吗？——你当然可以。
考查情态动词。Could可以；Must必须；Should应该；Would将会。根据答句“Of course you can.”可知，此处应是询问是否可以参加志愿者项目，用情态动词could表示请求许可。故选A。
38．A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个星期天下午我能和我的同学们一起出去玩吗？——是的，你当然可以。
考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“of course you can”可知，此处表示请求，应用句式“Can I... ”。故选A。
39．B
【详解】句意：——我能用你的车吗？——不，你不能。我现在要出去了。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；won’t不会。根据“I have to go out now.”可知，自己要用汽车，所以告诉对方不能用。故选B。
40．A
【详解】句意：——你能帮我把这个重箱子搬到卧室去吗？ ——当然可以，我很乐意。
考查情态动词。Could能够；Must必须；Should应该。根据答语“Sure. I’d love to.”可知，此处是问对方能不能帮忙把箱子搬到卧室。故选A。
41．C
【详解】句意：—— 我可以借用你的国际象棋棋具和我的朋友们一起玩吗？——当然，给你。但是请小心使用它。
考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Should应该；Could可以，能够；Need需要。根据语境可知，此处是在向对方请求借用棋具，使用“Could”表示委婉的请求，符合语境。故选C。
42．B
【详解】句意：在英国你17岁就可以开车，但在中国你不能这样做。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can’t不能；have to不得不；needn’t不必。根据“You can drive a car at the age of seventeen in England, but you”和常识可知，but前后句为转折关系，在中国不允许17岁驾驶，即17岁不能开车。故选B。
43．C
【详解】句意：——我能看完这个节目吗？——对不起，恐怕你不能。你需要先打扫你的房间。
考查情态动词辨析。might也许；need需要；could可以；should应该。根据“Sorry, I am afraid you can’t. You need to clean your room first.”可知，此处应询问是否能够看完这个节目，could表示许可。故选C。
44．D
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以和同学们出去玩吗？——可以，但记得早点回来。
考查情态动词。Must必须；Need需要；Should应该；Could可以。根据“I hang out with my classmates, Mum”可知，此处是请求许可，用Could表示委婉请求。故选D。
45．C
【详解】句意：——你能把钢笔递给我吗？——当然，给你。
考查情态动词辨析。Should应该；Must必须；Could能、可以；Need需要。根据答句“Sure, here you are”可知，问句是在委婉请求对方递钢笔。“Could you please...”是固定句式，用于礼貌、委婉地提出请求，符合“请求递东西”的语境，故选C。
46．C
【详解】句意：这个聪明的男孩三岁时就能背诵这么多诗。
考查情态动词辨析。might可能；would将会；could能，会（can 的过去式）；must必须。根据“when he was three”可知，句子用一般过去时，此处表示“能够背诵”，用could表示过去的能力。故选C。
47．B
【详解】句意：——你明天想去参观天津大学吗？——抱歉，恐怕我不能去。我要在我的社区当志愿者。
考查情态动词辨析。can能，会；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“Sorry”以及“I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.”可知，是不能去参观天津大学，用can’t表示“不能”。故选B。
48．C
【详解】句意：——周日你能来我的生日派对吗？——抱歉，我不能。我得去看医生。
考查情景交际。That’s too bad那太糟糕了；Sure, I’d love to当然，我很乐意；Sorry, I can’t抱歉，
我不能；It’s my pleasure我的荣幸。根据答句中 “I have to go to the doctor” 可知，说话人无法参加派对，应表达歉意并说明不能参加。故选C。
49．C
【详解】句意：——你能把垃圾拿出去吗？——没问题。
考查情景交际。Thank you!谢谢你；You’re welcome!不用谢；No problem.没问题；That sounds good!那听起来不错。根据“Could you please take out the rubbish ”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，回答时应选择表示同意或回应的表达。故选C。
50．A
【详解】句意：——我可以借你的书吗？我的书落在家里了。——可以，你可以借它两天。
考查情态动词辨析。may可以；can能，能够；must必须；could可以，表示委婉语气；should应该。根据答句可知，可以借两天，排除C、D选项；根据“I borrow your book ”可知借书是委婉的请求，不能使用must。故选A。
51．A
【详解】句意：——我试了客厅的沙发，它很软！——是啊，但我卧室的那个更舒服。你想在那儿小睡一会儿吗？
考查形容词比较级。more comfortable更舒服的；less comfortable较不舒服的；more popular更受欢迎的；less popular较不受欢迎的。根据“Do you want to take a nap there ”可知，卧室的沙发比客厅的沙发更舒服，所以才邀请对方去那里小睡。故选A。
52．C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，数学对我来说太难了。——亲爱的，努力学习，你就会发现它没有你想的那样难。
考查形容词原级和比较级辨析。not as...as表示“与……不一样”，此处表示“没有你想的那样难”，ABD选项表述有误或不完整。故选C。
53．B
【详解】句意：——你觉得这家中餐馆怎么样？——非常棒。在我们城市里，你找不到比它更好的一家了。
考查比较级的用法。a good one一个好的；a better one一个更好的；a best one表述有误，正确形式是the best one，表示“一个最好的”；the best one最好的。根据“Very wonderful.”和“in our city”可知，此处是在将这家中餐馆与城市里的其他中餐馆进行比较，用否定词+比较级表达最高级含义，表示“找不到比这更好的”意思。故选B。
54．C
【详解】句意：我没有我最好的朋友那么外向。她让人们开怀大笑。
考查形容词辨析和形容词原级。serious严格的，形容词；more serious更严格的，形容词比较级；outgoing外向的，形容词；more outgoing更外向的，形容词比较级。根据后一句“She makes people laugh a lot.”可知，此处指的是外向的，故排除A、B选项；又根据“I’m not as…as my best friend.”可知，此处考查：not as...as…“不如……一样……”，固定搭配，中间用形容词原级。故选C。
55．A
【详解】句意：——这支笔的价格如何？——这支的价格不像那支那么高—我能买得起。
考查as...as...用法。as high as和......一样高；as higher as语法错误；so high than语法错误；as high than语法错误。根据“It’s not ... that one—I can afford it.”可知，这支的价格不像那支那么高，能买得起，as...as结构中间应加形容词或副词原级，而含有than的句子中，形容词要用比较级，只有A选项符合语法规则。故选A。
56．C
【详解】句意：Emily是我的姐姐，她比我大两岁。但她和我一样高。
考查形容词辨析及形容词等级。elder年长的，常作定语；older更年长的；tall高的。空一根据“...sister”可知，此处缺少定语，“elder sister”表示“姐姐”；空二根据“is two years...than”可知，此处表示“大两岁”，用“older”；空三根据“as .... as”可知，表示“和……一样……”，中间用形容词原级，用“tall”。故选C。
57．C
【详解】句意：奇怪的是，我们班的男生比女生唱得好听多了。
考查副词的比较级。beautiful出色的，形容词；beautifully出色地，副词。此处修饰动词sing，应用副词beautifully；由than可知应是比较级，much后加beautifully的比较级more beautifully。故选C。
58．C
【详解】句意：贝蒂认为披萨尝起来和汉堡一样好吃。
考查形容词原级。“as...as”表示“和……一样”，中间必须使用形容词或副词的原级，排除选项A和选项D；句中taste“尝起来”，是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，描述主语“pizzas”的特性；而“well”通常作副词，用于修饰动词，只有在表示“身体好”时才是形容词，因此排除选项B，而good是形容词，符合语法要求。故选C。
59．C
【详解】句意：——这里的苹果派尝起来比别处的更好。——是的。但如果它们更便宜，会更好。
考查形容词比较级辨析。better更好；worse更差；more expensive更贵；less expensive更便宜。根据语境，第一空，答语“Yes”表示同意前一句的观点，因此苹果派的味道应比别处更好，所以用“better”；第二空，由“But”转折可知，尽管味道好，但希望价格更便宜，这样会更好，所以用“less expensive”。故选C。
60．B
【详解】句意：这学期我努力学习，但彼得学习比我努力得多。
考查比较级。hard努力地，副词原级；harder更努力，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级。根据“than”可知此处用副词的比较级。故选B。
61．D
【详解】句意：——Labubu的价格不如去年低。——确实！而且有些人打算改买其他新玩具。
考查as…as结构的用法及形容词辨析。as good as和……一样好；as cheap as和……一样便宜；as high as和……一样高；as low as和……一样低。根据下文“And some people plan to buy other new toys instead.”可知，此处表示有些人打算改买其他新玩具，是因为Labubu的价格不如去年低。故选D。
62．B
【详解】句意：饮食均衡的人比那些只吃汉堡的人生活得健康得多。
考查形容词比较级和代词用法。“live”是动词，要用副词修饰，“healthily”的比较级是“more healthily”，“much”可修饰比较级，加强程度；第二空用“those”指代前面的“people”。故选B。
63．A
【详解】句意：——我们学校里面社团数量是多少？——远比你想的还要多。
考查比较级用法。此处修饰数量的大小，要用large或者small，根据than可知，此处应用large比较级larger。故选A。
64．A
【详解】句意：在水果市场，史密斯先生发现苹果售价每公斤8元，而梨每公斤5元。他对妻子说：“苹果的价格更高，而梨要便宜得多。”
考查形容词辨析及比较级。higher更高的，可形容价格高；lower更低的，可形容价格低；more expensive更昂贵的，修饰物品；cheaper更便宜的，修饰物品；more cheap表述错误，cheap的
比较级是cheaper。根据“apples are sold at 8 yuan per kilogram, while pears are 5 yuan per kilogram”可知，苹果价格比梨高，第一空表示价格更高，用higher；第二空表示梨更便宜，用cheaper。故选A。
65．B
【详解】句意：他家离图书馆比我家远，所以他经常骑自行车去那里。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知，空处应是比较级形式，farther符合语境。故选B。
66．C
【详解】句意：——你越来越高了。——非常正确。我在篮球俱乐部已经一年了。
考查比较级。根据“You are growing”可知是长得越来越高了，用结构“比较级+and+比较级”。故选C。
67．C
【详解】句意：汤姆的自行车和彼得的一样便宜。
考查形容词原级。根据“as...as”中间用形容词或副词原级，表示“和……一样”，可知此处应用cheap。故选C。
68．C
【详解】句意：如果你想学好英语，没有什么比练习阅读更重要了。
考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式，C项符合。故选C。
69．A
【详解】句意：我最好的朋友没有我高，但是她跑得比我们班大多数学生都快。
考查形容词原级和比较级的用法。faster更快，副词比较级；fast迅速地，副词原级；fastest最迅速地，副词最高级。根据“My best friend is not…tall as me”可知，此处指“我最好的朋友没有我高”，应用短语“not as/so…as”，表示“和……不一样”；根据“runs…than”可知，第二空应用副词比较级。故选A。
70．A
【详解】句意：——蛋糕看起来不错。——是的，而且味道更好。
考查形容词及其比较级。nice好的，形容词原级；better更好，比较级；well好，副词；good好的，形容词；worse更差，比较级；best最好的，最高级。“looks”是感官系动词，其后接形容词，无比较语境，故第一个空用形容词原级，排除BD；根据“Yes, and it tastes even ...”及常识可知它看起来好，尝起来更好，故第二个空用比较级better。故选A。
71．C
【详解】句意：这个月饼是那个月饼的两倍大。
考查形容词原级。在英语中，表示“A是B的几倍大”常用“A + be + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + B”的结构。所以“这个月饼是那个月饼的两倍大”应该用“twice as big as”来表达。故选C。
72．B
【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何其他城市都大。
考查one of句型及形容词比较级。the biggest city最大的城市；any other其他任何；the biggest cities最大的城市；the other另一个。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，第一空用the biggest cities；“any other+可数名词单数”表示“任何其他的……”，用于同一范围内的比较，上海属于中国，所以用any other。故选B。
73．C
【详解】句意：——在你们班谁家离学校最远？——李明家。
考查形容词最高级。father爸爸；far远的；the farthest最远的；farther更远的。根据“in your class”可知，此处是三者及以上的比较，应用最高级，表示离学校最远。故选C。
74．D
【详解】句意：我认为乘火车旅行是第二舒适的，比匆忙的乘飞机旅行愉快得多。
考查最高级和比较级。“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级”是固定搭配，表示“第几最……”，第一个空用最高级most comfortable；根据“than”可知，第二个空用比较级more enjoyable。故选D。
75．D
【详解】句意：加拿大是世界上面积第二大的国家，仅次于俄罗斯。
考查形容词最高级。second largest第二大的；the second large错误表达；the second larger错误表达；the second largest第二大的。序数词+形容词最高级表示“第几最……”，序数词前要加定冠词the。故选D。
76．A
【详解】句意：DeepSeek是最受欢迎的AI工具之一，可以在互联网上免费快速下载。
考查形容词最高级用法。根据“one of...AI tools”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”；因此空处用“the+形容词最高级”，popular的最高级是most popular。故选A。
77．A
【详解】句意：我认为泰山不仅比山东的其他山高，而且也是最美丽的山。
考查形容词比较级和最高级。high高的，形容词原级；higher较高的，形容词比较级；the highest最高的，形容词最高级；more beautiful更美丽的，形容词比较级；the most beautiful最美丽的，形容词最高级。第一空，根据“than”可知，此处应填形容词比较级，排除B项和C项；根据“of all”可知，此处应填形容词最高级，排除D项。故选A。
78．D
【详解】句意：——长江是世界上第二长的河流吗？——不，它不是。
考查形容词最高级的用法。 根据“... river in the world”可知，此处表达“第二长的河”，要用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”的结构，选项D符合结构。故选D。
79．B
【详解】句意：许多中国学生认为科学不如英语难。
考查形容词比较级的用法。more difficult as搭配错误；less difficult than不如……难；much difficult than搭配错误；so difficult as和……一样难，用于否定句。根据“Many Chinese students think Science is...English.”可知，此处表达许多中国学生认为科学不如英语难。故选B。
80．D
【详解】句意：——安吉拉通常比我们班的其他同学早到学校。——早起的鸟儿有虫吃。她是班上最好的学生之一。
考查代词和形容词最高级。any other其他任何一个（后接单数名词）；the other其他的（后接复数名词）；the better形容词比较级；the best形容词最高级。根据“than … students in our class”可知，此处指安吉拉比班上其他同学早到学校，第一空用the other；根据“one of … students in her class”可知，她是班上最好的学生之一，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，第二空用形容词最高级。故选D。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【核心考点集训】2025秋人教版英语八年级上册期中复习学案
知识过关第4讲 语法
（1）复合不定代词
1.复合不定代词的构成
由 some-, any-, no-, every-加上-one, - body, - thing 构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了no one 以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。
分类 some- any- no- every-
-one someone anyone no one everyone
-body somebody anybody nobody everybody
-thing something anything nothing everything
2.复合不定代词的用法
课文再现 归纳总结
☆— Did you go anywhere interesting — Yes, I went to Yunnan. ☆I felt bored, so I decided to look for something to read. 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式要置于其后。
☆— Did you do anything interesting on your holiday —— No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting. ☆ I didn't go anywhere special, but I tried something new. (1)由some-构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中； (2)由any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于一般疑问句和否定句中。
☆The hotel was nice, with a comfortable bed, and everything was very clean. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
注意：
在表示邀请、请求、建议等的疑问句中，常用由 some-构成的复合不定代词，此类表达隐含了说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
如：
— Would you like something to eat 你想吃点什么吗 —— Yes, please. 是的。
（2） 一般过去时
1.意义
(1)表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago 等。
(2)也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和 after，always等表示频度的状语差用。如：
He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。
2.一般过去时的构成
含be动词的一般过去时
课文再现 归纳总结
☆☆ was fantastic. notice the time. 肯定句:主语+ be动词(was; were)+其他.
☆ She was not/ wasn't at home yesterday. 否定句:主语+be 动词+not+其他
☆— Was I late yesterday — Yes, you were. / No, you were not/weren't. 一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其他 答语: Yes,主语+ be动词. / No,主语+ be 动词+ not.
☆How was your holiday 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)+be动词+主语+其他
(2)含实义动词的一般过去时
课文再现 归纳总结
☆I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there. 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他
☆Adam didn't do anything special. 否定句：主语+didn't/ did not+动词原形+其他.
☆—— Did you go anywhere interesting —— Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 答语: Yes, 主语+ did. / No, 主语+ didn't/ did not.
☆Where did he stay 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)+did+主语+动词原形+其他
（3）Can/Could 表示礼貌地请求和征求许可
情态动词 can 和 could 均可表示礼貌地请求和征求许可，但 could 语气更加委婉。
1. Can/ Could 表示请求
1. Can/ Could 表示请求
课文再现 归纳总结
☆—— Could you please sweep the floor =OK, Mum. I' ll do it at once. ☆—— Can you help me hang up the photos —— Sure. / No problem! 结构: Could you(please)/ Can you +动词原形 + 其他 你可以做某事吗 /麻烦你做某事好吗 肯定回答: Yes./ Sure./OK./ Certainly./ No problem./ With pleasure.等 否定回答: Sorry, I can't./ Sorry, I have to.../I'm afraid 1can't.等
2. Can Could 表示征求许可
课文再现 归纳总结
☆— Could I hang out with my friends after lunch —— Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. ☆— Can I put some flowers on the table —— Yes, good idea! 结构: Can/ Could I + 动词原形+ 其他 我可以做某事吗 /让我做某事好吗 肯定回答: Yes(, you can)./ Yes, please./ Sure./Of course(you can).等 否定回答: Sorry/ No, you can't./ Sorry, you have to.../I'm afraid you can't.等
注意:
Can/ Could 表示礼貌地请求和征求许可时,回答要用 can 或 can't,不能用 could 或 couldn't。
（4）形容词和副词的比较级的构成
1.规则变化
构成方法 例词
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，词尾加er tall→taller fast→faster
以字母e结尾的词，词尾加r late→later large→larger
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后词尾加er thin→thinner big→bigger
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后词尾加-er funny→funnier early→earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加more outgoing→more outgoing popular→more popular
2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 原级 比较级
good/ well better little less
bad/ badly worse far farther
many/ much more further
二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法
表示两者(人或事物)的比较。
1.比较级句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's. ☆Ella dances better than Emma, butEmma sings louder than her. 表示“比 更 ”: (1) be动词+形容词的比较级+ than... (2)实义动词+副词的比较级+ than...
☆I am less straightforward than he is. 表示“不如 那么 ”: less+形容词或副词的原级(部分双音节词和多音节词)+ than...
☆Who dances better, Ella or Emma 表示“ 更 , A or B ”: 特殊疑问词+be动词/实义动词+形容词或副词的比较级, A or B
注意:(1)比较级之前可用 much,a little, even, a lot 等修饰,起强调作用。如:
Light travels much faster than sound. 光比声音传播得更快。
(2)than后可接人称代词的宾格或“人称代词的主格+be动词/助动词”。如：
She works harder than I do/ me. 她比我工作更努力。
(3)than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类人或事物之间的比较。如：
Lucy's car is newer than my car/ mine. 露西的车比我的(车)新。
拓展：其他表示比较的常用句型
(1)表示“越来越 ”:
①比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)
②more and more+形容词或副词原级(部分双音节词和多音节词)
如: The weather is getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。
That girl is becoming more and more beautiful. 那个女孩正变得越来越漂亮。
(2)表示“越 ,就越 ”: the+比较级, the+比较级
如: The earlier you arrive, the more relaxed you will feel. 你越早到达,你就会感觉越放松。
2.“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆She is as slim as me. ☆I work as hard as her! 表示“和 一样 ”: as+形容词或副词的原级+ as...
☆I'm not as/ so outgoing as you. ☆He did not come as/ so early as Wang Lin. 表示“不如 那么 ”: not as/ so+形容词或副词的原级+ as...
（5）形容词和副词的最高级的构成
1.规则变化
构成方法 例子
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，词尾加-est; tall→tallest fast→fastest
以字母e结尾的词，词尾加- st; large→largest late→latest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后词尾加-est; big→biggest hot→hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为 i ，然后词尾加- est heavy→heaviest early→earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most popular→most popular beautiful→most beautiful
2.不规则变化
原级 最高级 原级 最高级
good/ well best little least
bad/ badly worst far farthest
many/ much most furthest
二、形容词和副词的最高级的用法
最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有 in， among， of的短语等来说明比较的范围。
1.形容词的最高级的常用句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 主语+ be动词+ the +形容词的最高级+名词+比较范围
☆I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. the+形容词的最高级+名词+比较范围+ be动词+表语
☆The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. 主语+ be 动词+one of+ the+形容词的最高级+ 复数名词+比较范围
☆Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower 特殊疑问词+ be 动词+ the+形容词的最高级,A, B, or C
2.副词的最高级的常用句型
课文再现 归纳总结
☆The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals. ☆Among all animals, I love pandas(the) best. 主语 + 实义动词( +宾语) +(the) +副词的最高级+比较范围
☆Which animal jumps (the) highest, the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog 特殊疑问词+实义动词( +宾语)+(the)+副词的最高级, A, B,orC
注意：
形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不再用 the。副词最高级前的 the可以省去。
1．There is ________ with my bike. I’ll have it repaired this afternoon.
A．something wrong B．wrong something
C．anything wrong D．wrong anything
2．Lifelong learning is very useful because it brings ________ every day.
A．something old B．something new C．anything new D．anything old
3．On weekends, we like to go ________ to relax.
A．somewhere B．anywhere C．nowhere D．everywhere
4．—Would you like ________ to drink
—No, thanks. I don’t want to drink ________.
A．something; nothing B．anything; everything
C．something; anything D．anything; something
5．—Could you please give me ________ to drink I am so thirsty.
—Sorry. We have ________ left in our bags.
A．anything; nothing B．anything; something
C．something; nothing D．something; everything
6．—Did you discover ________ exciting in the seaside town last vacation
—Absolutely! The sunset views were breathtaking.
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
7．—Did you meet ________ interesting during your trip to Scotland
—Yes, I met a local farmer who told me stories about deer.
A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone
8．Is there ________ special in today’s newspaper
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
9．My brother didn’t go out with ________ yesterday because he had to finish his homework alone.
A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone
10．—How much money do you have on you
—________. I forgot to bring my wallet with me this morning.
A．No one B．None C．Nothing D．Nowhere
11．—Fire! Get out quickly! Jim, how many students are there in the classroom now
—There is ________ left, Mr. Jack. Everyone is in the playground now.
A．nobody B．none C．no one D．nothing
12．________ is possible if we stick to our dreams.
A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Anyone
13．Did you have ________ when you visited Luzhou
A．something delicious B．anything delicious
C．delicious anything D．delicious something
14．Kang Hao didn’t feel like doing ________ because he was upset.
A．something B．anything C．someone D．anyone
15．—Dad, ________ is knocking at the door.
—Go and see who he is. I am busy now.
A．someone B．everyone C．anyone D．no one
16．—Is your sister ill
—Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold.
A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious
17．—Next month we’re going ________ as soon as the holiday begins.
—Sounds good!
A．somewhere interesting B．interesting somewhere
C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere
18．We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do _______.
A．something meaningful B．meaningful something
C．anything meaningful D．meaningful anything
19．There is _______ with my computer. I will have my uncle repair it this afternoon.
A．wrong something B．something wrong C．nothing wrong D．wrong nothing
20．Would you like ________ to drink It’s so hot today.
A．something cold B．cold something C．anything cold D．cold anything
21．—Ella, you look so tired.
—Oh, I ________ up late last night to finish my science project.
A．stay B．stayed C．will stay D．am staying
22．She ________ to school because she was ill yesterday.
A．doesn’t go B．didn’t go C．isn’t go D．goes
23．He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot.
A．used to go; is used to going B．used to going; is used to go
C．was used to go; used to going D．was used to going; used to go
24．—Could you ______ this book to me, Lucy
—Sorry, I ______ it from Dave and I didn’t finish it yet.
A．borrowed; lent B．lend; borrowed C．borrow; lend D．lent; borrowed
25．— What a nice bike! Where ________ you ________ it
— In a store near my grandma’s home.
A．will; buy B．are; buying C．did; buy D．do; buy
26．Kobe, a famous basketball player ________ on January 26th, 2020 and his ________ made his fans sad.
A．dies; dead B．died; death C．dies; death D．died; dead
27．I ________ some flowers and a birthday cake for my mom on her birthday last week.
A．bought B．buy C．will buy D．to buy
28．Sam __________ to skate at the age of six.
A．learns B．learned C．has learned D．was learning
29．We _________ two weeks planning a treasure hunt last night. We hope it will be interesting.
A．spend B．spending C．spent D．spends
30．—Mr Wang, I found my wallet ________ on Vivian’s table yesterday afternoon.
— Really I can’t believe that she ________ to me yesterday.
A．lie; lay B．lied; lied C．lying; lied D．lay; lie
31．He ________ to realize (意识到) the importance of the meeting and arrived late.
A．succeeded B．understood C．missed D．failed
32．—How long did you stay in Hong Kong
—We ________ there for about a week.
A．stay B．stays C．stayed D．staying
33．—________ you kindly help me arrange the furniture for the family gathering
—Of course! I’ll do it right away.
A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need
34．—________ I borrow your pen Mine is broken.
—Sure, here you are.
A．Should B．Must C．Could D．Need
35．—Could you help me pull the luggage into the room
—________. I’ll help you right now.
A．Yes, I could B．No, I couldn’t C．Yes, I can D．No, I can’t
36．—Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party
—Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday.
A．could; couldn’t B．could; can’t C．can; don’t have to
37．—________ I join the volunteer program on weekends
—Of course you can.
A．Could B．Must C．Should D．Would
38．—Mom, ________ I hang out with my classmates this Sunday afternoon
—Yes, of course you can.
A．can B．must C．need D．should
39．— Could I use your car
— No, you ________. I have to go out now.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．won’t
40．—________ you help me carry this heavy box to the bedroom
— Sure. I’d love to.
A．Could B．Must C．Should
41．— ________ I borrow your chess set to play with my friends
— Sure, here you are. But please be careful with it.
A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need
42．You can drive a car at the age of seventeen in England, but you ________ do that in China.
A．must B．can’t C．have to D．needn’t
43．—________ I finish watching this show
—Sorry, I am afraid you can’t. You need to clean your room first.
A．Might B．Need C．Could D．Should
44．—________ I hang out with my classmates, Mum
—Yes, but remember to come back early.
A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could
45．— ________ you please pass me the pen
—Sure, here you are.
A．Should B．Must C．Could D．Need
46．The clever boy ________ recite so many poems when he was three.
A．might B．would C．could D．must
47．—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t
48．—Can you come to my birthday party on Sunday
—________. I have to go to the doctor.
A．That’s too bad B．Sure, I’d love to C．Sorry, I can’t D．It’s my pleasure
49．—Could you please take out the rubbish
—______
A．Thank you! B．You’re welcome! C．No problem. D．That sounds good!
50．—________ I borrow your book I left mine at home.
—Sure, you ________ keep it for two days.
A．May; can B．Must; may C．Can; must D．Could; should
51．—I tried the sofa in the living room. It’s so soft!
—Yeah, but the one in my bedroom is ________. Do you want to take a nap there
A．more comfortable B．less comfortable C．more popular D．less popular
52．— Dad, Maths is too hard for me.
— Honey, work hard and you’ll find it’s not ________ you think.
A．more difficult as B．much difficult C．as difficult as D．difficult than
53．—What do you think of the Chinese restaurant
—Very wonderful. You can’t find ________ in our city.
A．a good one B．a better one C．a best one D．the best one
54．I’m not as ________ as my best friend. She makes people laugh a lot.
A．serious B．more serious C．outgoing D．more outgoing
55．—How’s the price of this pen
—It’s not ________ that one—I can afford it.
A．as high as B．as higher as C．so high than D．as high than
56．Emily is my ________ sister and she is two years ________ than me. But she is as ________ as I.
A．older, older, tall B．older, elder, taller
C．elder, older, tall D．elder, elder, taller
57．Strangely, the boys in our class can sing ________ than the girls.
A．more beautiful B．much beautifully
C．much more beautifully D．a little more beautiful
58．Betty thinks pizzas taste ________ hamburgers.
A．as best as B．as well as C．as good as D．as better as
59．—The apple pies here taste ________ than those from anywhere else.
—Yes. But it will be better if they are ________.
better; more expensive B．worse; more expensive
C．better; less expensive D．worse; less expensive
60．I work hard this term, but Peter works much ________ than me.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest
61．—The price of Labubu is not ________ that of last year.
—Exactly! And some people plan to buy other new toys instead.
A．as good as B．as cheap as C．as high as D．as low as
62．People who have a balanced diet live ________ than ________ who only eat hamburgers.
A．more healthy; the ones B．much more healthily; those
C．much healthier; those D．more healthily; ones
63．—What’s the number of clubs in our school
—Far ________ than you thought.
A．larger B．more C．less D．fewer
64．At the fruit market, Mr. Smith finds that apples are sold at 8 yuan per kilogram, while pears are 5 yuan per kilogram. He says to his wife, “The price of apples is ________, and pears are much ________.”
A．higher; cheaper B．lower; more expensive
C．more expensive; more cheap D．cheaper; more expensive
65．His house is ________ from the library than mine, so he often rides a bike there.
A．far B．farther C．farthest D．the farthest
66．—You are growing ________.
—Quite right. I have been in a basketball club for one year.
A．tall and tall B．taller and tall C．taller and taller D．tall and taller
67．Tom’s bike is as ________ as Peter’s.
A．the cheaper B．cheaper C．cheap D．much cheaper
68．Nothing is ________ than practising reading if you want to learn English well.
A．very important B．the most important
C．more important D．as important as
69．My best friend is not ________ tall as me, but she runs ________ than most students in our class.
A．so; faster B．as; fast C．too; faster D．very; fastest
70．—The cake looks ________.
—Yes, and it tastes even ________.
A．nice; better B．well; good C．good; worse D．better; best
71．This moon cake is ________ that one.
A．as twice big as B．as big twice as C．twice as big as D．as big as twice
72．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world
—Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China.
A．the biggest city; any other B．the biggest cities; any other
C．the biggest city; the other D．the biggest cities; the other
73．—Whose home is ________ away from school in your class
—Li Ming’s.
A．father B．far C．the farthest D．farther
74．I think traveling by train is the second ________ and far ________ than a rushed trip by air.
A．most comfortable, most enjoyable B．more comfortable, more enjoyable
C．more comfortable, most enjoyable D．most comfortable, more enjoyable
75．Canada is ________ country in the world by area after Russia.
A．second largest B．the second large C．the second larger D．the second largest
76．DeepSeek, one of ________ AI tools, is downloaded freely and quickly on the Internet.
A．the most popular B．more popular C．most popular D．popular
77．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all.
A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful
C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful
78．—Is the Yangtze River ________ river in the world
—No, it isn’t.
A．the second long B．a second longest C．the second longer D．the second longest
79．Many Chinese students think Science is ________ English.
A．more difficult as B．less difficult than
C．much difficult than D．so difficult as
80．—Angela usually comes to school earlier than ________ students in our class.
—The early bird catches the worm. She is one of ________ students in her class.
A．any other; the best B．the other; the better
C．any other; the better D．the other; the best

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