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浙江省精诚联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．Why is the man having trouble finding lamb
A．It is not common where he lives.
B．There is no lamb at Harvard Meats.
C．He doesn’t know what kind he wants.
2．What is the conversation mainly about
A．Losing weight. B．Meeting old classmates. C．Graduating from school.
3．What do the speakers have in common
A．They have the same job.
B．They own the same kind of dog.
C．They like walking dogs with others.
4．What do the speakers already have enough
A．Meat. B．Bread. C．Lettuce.
5．Why did the officer stop the woman
A．He thought she was speeding.
B．He thought she was in danger.
C．He thought she was too noisy.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who is the man inviting to the barbecue
A．His neighbors. B．His colleagues. C．His sister’s family.
7．What does the woman suggest the man do
A．Use convenient gas. B．Stay outside all day. C．Add some barbecue sauce.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does Jill say about Bob
A．He is forgetful. B．He is important to her. C．He always does well in exams.
9．Which day is Bob’s birthday
A．October 14. B．December 2. C．December 14.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10．What is Miss Smith’s job
A．She’s a lawyer. B．She’s a judge. C．She’s a secretary.
11．Why is Miss Smith so upset
A．She can’t speak well.
B．She is going to be killed.
C．She cannot access the Internet.
12．What color should the light on the black box be
A．Green. B．Red. C．Yellow.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the woman worried about
A．Chris’s grades. B．Buying too little. C．Spending too much money.
14．Why does Chris need so many notebooks
A．They will sell out soon.
B．He needs one for each subject.
C．He wants to share them with his friends.
15．Who might Luke be
A．Chris’s father. B．Chris’s teacher. C．Chris’s brother.
16．What is the purpose of the tax-free weekend, according to the woman
A．To help poor people.
B．To donate school supplies.
C．To encourage people to shop more.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Which of the following about Adele was most unusual at the Grammy Awards
A．Her dress made of glass.
B．Her beautiful green gown.
C．Her performance of a song.
18．What made Adele’s performance different from other artists’
A．Back-up dancers. B．Impressive voice. C．Fancy clothes.
19．Why did Adele stop singing during one of her performances
A．She wanted to have a break.
B．She wanted to talk about George Michael.
C．She had some technical difficulties with the sound system.
20．What did Adele do when given the award for Album of the Year
A．She owed it to Rihanna.
B．She thanked her role model.
C．She sang a song with Beyoncé.
二、阅读理解
Panama City, Panama
For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, star observation and Spanish lessons.Jupiter, Florida
This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort& amp; Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.San Diego, California
The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort& amp; Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo.Kihei, Hawaii
For west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you’ll see some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you’ ll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.
21．For a family interested in both beach activities and astronomy, which destination is most specifically recommended
A．Panama City, Panama B．San Diego, California C．Jupiter, Florida D．Kihei, Hawaii
22．What activity is specifically mentioned as available for children at the Jupiter Beach Resort & amp; Spa
A．Learning Spanish. B．Beach yoga. C．Star observation. D．Cooking fancy meals.
23．What do the four attractions have in common
A．They all have private beaches for guests. B．They all offer free airport transportation.
C．They all offer rooms with a full kitchen. D．They are all intended for family trips.
In 1880, fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea. The travel, the adventure, the danger, and the steady pay were all attractive to young Henson. One day he made up his mind. Baltimore was the nearest large seaport. The next morning he set out on the forty-mile journey to seek work on a sailing ship.
In Baltimore, Henson found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds. For the next five years, Henson sailed around the world. By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885, Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else, Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington, D．C． One day in1887, a man came in to buy a hat. The man, Lieutenant Robert Peary, asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea. Peary would soon travel to South America for the U. S. government. He needed experienced men to accompany him.
The shop owner knew about his young employee’ s skills and experience on ocean voyages, so he introduced Peary to Henson. Henson and Peary soon found they had a great deal in common, including their love of the sea.
Using his map-reading and sailing skills, Henson proved himself to be a worthy and intelligent seaman. One day Peary told Henson about his real dream: to be the first man to stand on “the top of the world” at the North Pole. He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true.
Over the next five years, the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. However, they were not able to reach the pole either time.
In 1908, Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole. Both men were over forty years old. The years of hardship and suffering in the arctic cold had taken their toll on both men. This would be their last chance.
In April 1909, Henson’ s instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole. Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years, Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievement. Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes` graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
24．What inspired fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson to seek work on a sailing ship in 1880
A．His love for reading adventure books. B．His desire to get a steady pay.
C．His dream of becoming a famous explorer. D．His admiration for sailors’ exciting life stories.
25．The underlined phrase “taken their toll on” is closest in meaning to _________.
A．been very costly B．been a valuable experience
C．had a serious negative effect D．required them to pay a fine
26．Why did Robert Peary go into the hat shop where Henson worked
A．He wanted to employ experienced sailors for his expedition.
B．His primary intention was to buy a hat.
C．He knew Henson worked there and wanted to meet him.
D．He was sent by the U. S. government to find Henson.
27．What can be inferred from the fact that Henson and Peary lie in heroes’ graves not far apart in the Arington National Cemetery
A．Their families wanted them to be buried close to each other.
B．The government forced them to be buried in the same cemetery.
C．They were both highly respected for their achievement.
D．They wished themselves to be buried in the same cemetery.
Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities.
To know what’s going on, Serve has a laser radar (激光雷达) sensor on top, in which spinning lasers let it detect objects around it and know how far away they are. Also, behind each artificial eye is a camera, with six more imaging devices spread around the robot. Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there.
“One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot’s ability to see the environment,” says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. Since the sidewalk is “a very chaotic environment”, he points out, the robot needs to be able to take it all in and figure out what to do. This robot, and many like it, also must be able to signal their intentions to the pedestrians. For that, it has a number of approaches. One is using its eyes; another is a colorful light ring that goes around the top. “When it wants to make way for a pedestrian, it will use its eyes and look down,” he explains. It can also use the lights on the top as a turn signal, which is obvious, and also look left and right when it’s turning left and right.
“Using eye movements and other silent signals is a good idea,” says Aaron Steinfeld, a professor of human-robot interaction. Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot, that’s a lot. “We have active research on robot moving socially around walking people,” he says. “And it’s really tricky to do this well.”
Postmates plans to use Serve in Los Angeles at first, and that its intended task is to move small objects over short distances. The robot can travel 30 miles on one charge and is able to carry 50 pounds.
28．What is the specific function of the additional sensor that Serve has inside its body
A．To monitor package condition. B．To detect if a package is inside.
C．To measure package weight. D．To detect movement around.
29．According to the text, how does Serve primarily detect and understand its environment
A．By heavily relying on its ability to see. B．Through its advanced hearing sensors.
C．By following pre-programmed routes only. D．By communicating directly with pedestrians.
30．What’s the major challenge for robots on sidewalks mentioned by Professor Aaron Steinfeld
A．The weight of the packages they have to carry.
B．The limited range of 30 miles on a single charge.
C．The behavior of people walking fast while looking at their phones.
D．The inability of sensors to work in rainy weather.
31．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To introduce Postmates’ robot Serve and its key features.
B．To describe the challenges robots face when operating on urban sidewalks.
C．To explain the technical specifications of Postmates’ delivery robot Serve.
D．To discuss the importance of human-robot interaction in technology development.
A study by Tulane University reveals that frequent illness may accelerate brain aging and increase the risk of dementia (痴呆) or cognitive decline. The findings highlight the importance of maintaining good health to prevent infections, especially among the elderly and dementia-prone individuals.
The study examined aging male mice and found that repeated, intermittent experiences with moderate inflammation (发炎), such as that caused by the flu or a seasonal head cold, caused impaired cognition and disrupted communication between neurons in those mice.
“We were interested in asking whether differences in infection experience could account, at least in part, for the differences in rates of dementia we see in the population,” said lead author Elizabeth Engler-Chiurazzi, PhD．“The mice we were studying were healthy adults approaching middle age, and yet, when exposed to intermittent inflammation, they remembered less and their neurons functioned more poorly.”
This study is the first to model repeated, intermittent infections in mice and examine the long-term consequences for brain function and health.
Humans often experience infections and inflammation at substantially higher rates than laboratory mice. But given that impairments were observed in mice after only five intermittent inflammatory treatments, the cognitive change in humans may be more severe.
“Our mice only experienced intermittent sickness-like inflammation a handful of times, so the fact that we observed impairments at all was surprising,” Engler-Chiurazzi said. “The effects were subtle, but that’s why I find these results meaningful: in a human, cognitive impairments from a similar number of inflammatory experiences might not be noticeable in their daily lives but could have accumulative effects that negatively impact the aging brain.”
The findings may have important implications for standard of care around how infections are handled among the elderly and those at risk for dementia. Going forward, Engler-Chiurazzi said more work needs to be done to understand why infections impact the brain and how to mitigate those effects. In addition, she hopes follow-up studies will investigate whether weaker populations face a higher burden of neurological effects. “The biggest takeaway from this research, in our opinion, is the importance of staying as healthy and infection-free as possible,” she said.
32．The researchers conduct the study in order to_________.
A．highlight the frequent illness is harmless to human beings.
B．identify whether the repeated inflammation will cause impaired cognition.
C．explain the adult male mice are more likely to have impaired cognitive function.
D．show cognitive impairments from a few inflammatory experiences is not noticeable.
33．What can we learn about the study
A．The brains of these mice were unaffected by the disease.
B．The infections have little effect on impacting the aging brain.
C．Humans will suffer even more severe cognitive decline because of the frequent illness.
D．Researchers used to examine the effects of repeated infections on brain function and health.
34．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 7 mean
A．relieve B．strengthen C．promote D．emphasize
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The standard of care has been revealed.
B．Mice will suffer from impaired cognition by flu.
C．We human beings should stay as healthy and infection-free as possible.
D．The connection between frequent illness and dementia has been discovered.
Multitasking is really bad for how much work you can get done. When we do multiple tasks at once, we keep “switching tasks”. 36 Switching between tasks a lot makes you less productive. Even though each switch cost might be small, when we keep changing between tasks over and over, those small costs add up to a lot. Multitasking might seem efficient at first, but in the end, it can take more time and lead to more mistakes. So, how do we start mono-tasking that is doing one task at a time
Try to work deeply, focusing on one thing. Instead of working in short 15 — 20-minute bursts, set aside 2 to 4 hours each day to work on a single project without any interruptions. Extending focused working time can improve work efficiency as well as work quality. 37
Get rid of distractions in your work environment. Mono-tasking is as much about getting rid of distractions as it is about focusing. 38 Mark fixed time on your calendar for specific work.
39 Schedule your day around peak performance times. Whether it’s early in the morning , right after lunch, or late at night, everyone has times of the day when they’re more productive. Once you identify your peak performance time, guard it!
Focus on what’s important. Try to remember: At the end of our lives, no one will remember how quickly we responded to emails; no one on their deathbed asks for more time to sit through another budget meeting. 40 This is the key part of doing one task at a time.
A．Avoiding distraction is of vital importance.
B．Plan deep work for times when you work best.
C．This causes a “switch cost” — the time needed to get used to a new task.
D．Instead, we look for more time to concentrate on the meaningful thing.
E．Frequent task switching can boost productivity a lot.
F．Shut down your phones’ apps or anything else that sends notification.
G．It can also reduce your work stress to some extent.
三、完形填空
Sweet treats are beloved by many people, yet excessive sugar intake poses health risks. This is why artificial sweeteners have become common additives (添加剂) in numerous 41 food like cookies and soda that contain sugar substitutes. The first artificial sweetener was discovered 42 . In the 1870s, scientist Constantin Fahlberg was 43 to an experiment. When a chemical container 44 , he wiped the liquid, assuming the harmless substance had only splashed on his 45 .
In his hurry to continue his work, Fahlberg 46 washing his hands thoroughly. Later, he went home to dine, with chemical traces still 47 on his dirty hands. 48 , the bread touched his tongue, and a surprisingly intense sweet taste filled his mouth. But which substance He rushed back to the lab, tasting everything in 49 and he determined to 50 the source of it.
Eventually, he 51 the spilled compound as intensely sweet — far sweeter than sugar. He 52 it saccharin (糖精), the first artificial sweetener. Dirty hands leading to a delicious innovation It’s an accidental 53 , but it carries a valuable lesson: we all make mistakes, and that’s not 54 . Mistakes often 55 us down new ways. So if you don’t succeed on your first try, don’t hesitate to keep trying.
41．A．processed B．fresh C．raw D．green
42．A．by mistake B．on purpose C．by chance D．on earth
43．A．focused B．engaged C．absorbed D．devoted
44．A．ran over B．took over C．tipped over D．controlled over
45．A．feet B．fingers C．arms D．skin
46．A．thought B．imagined C．skipped D．desired
47．A．lingering B．losing C．insisting D．wondering
48．A．Remarkably B．Instantly C．Carelessly D．Happily
49．A．range B．look C．sight D．place
50．A．go through B．watch over C．take on D．look into
51．A．touched B．felt C．smelled D．identified
52．A．called B．thought C．titled D．labeled
53．A．routine B．tale C．joke D．habit
54．A．good B．true C．wrong D．bad
55．A．achieve B．guide C．acknowledge D．obtain
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pang Zhongwang, 56 doctoral student at Tsinghua University’s Department of Precision Instruments, was named one of “Touching China’s 2024 Persons of the Year” on Saturday. 57 (grow) up in extreme poverty, he faced enormous hardships. His father suffered from schizophrenia (精神分裂症), and his mother, 58 lower body was paralyzed, used a wheelchair.
Despite facing considerable challenges in his family, he remained optimistic, holding onto the belief that “knowledge changes fate”. In 2017, Pang 59 (admit) to singhua University with a high score. 60 (initial), he feared being a disappointment, but he found his path in research, persisting through numerous failures. He refused donations, relying instead 61 school scholarships. His mother, who named him “Zhongwang” (meaning “the hope of all”), taught him always to look forward. “Mom smiles every day——why should I feel sad ” he once said.
Sadly, his mother passed away in 2020, just before he was granted the opportunity 62 (pursue) a doctorate at Tsinghua. As a top scholar, he 63 (publish) SCI papers over the past few years and holds patents, aiming to “serve the country through 64 (science) research”—a mission he wholeheartedly embraces. Pang’s story will inspire other children from disadvantage backgrounds to study diligently and change their destinies. His journey shows us 65 with hope and determination, we can all live up to expectations and create our own brilliance.
五、书信写作
66．假定你是李华，在刚刚过去的国庆旅游期间，深刻感受到人工智能为旅游业带来诸多便利。请给你的英国笔友 Peter写一封邮件，分享相关体验，内容包括：
1.便利之处；
2.表达感悟；
3.发出邀请。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
How are you doing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
That crisp autumn afternoon in the supermarket, the lights there cast a cold sterile glow on people. With my mind mentally planning the math problems I needed to do that evening, I pushed a shopping cart, and loaded groceries with mechanical (机械的) efficiency: pasta, a jar of tomato sauce, two apples, a block of cheddar cheese, and a cheap cut of chicken — my mother had specifically asked me to buy, and my sister’s favorite yogurt.
At the register, the cashier, a woman with tired eyes, scanned the items with practiced speed. The beeps seemed to echo in my ears.
“That’ll be $128.75,” the cashier said, her voice flat.
I took out my wallet, only to embarrassingly find that I didn’t have enough cash, being $12 short. My face grew warm, “I... I’m so sorry,” I stammered, avoiding the cashier’s gaze. I could feel the impatient stare from the line behind me. “I thought I had more. I’ll just... I can put the cheese back.”
Just as I started removing items from my cart, “Wait.” The voice from behind was calm and gentle.
I turned. The man who had been standing in line was perhaps in his late forties, with kind eyes and a soft smile. His expression wasn’t one of annoyance, but of understanding. “Please, don’t put it back,” he said, already extending a $20 note towards the cashier. “It’ s no trouble at all.”
“No, really, I couldn’t,” I insisted, my pride stinging more than my embarrassment. “It’ s my mistake. Thank you, but it’s fine.”
The man’s smile softened further, “Young man, we’ve all been there. Honestly. It’s a few dollars. Just pay it forward one day when you can.” His tone was so genuine that my resistance melted away. I saw not pity in his eyes, but a simple, shared humanity. “Let me tell you a story.”
“My mother is battling cancer at City Hospital,” his voice was calm but with a hint of unnoticeable choke. “I’ve been visiting her with flowers — she loves fresh roses the most, and I bring her a bouquet every day to visit her. But this morning, she got mad and refused to accept my flowers no matter what,” he paused, looking at me sincerely. “She said I should use the money to help people who really need it.”
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tears welled up in my eyes as I accepted his generosity
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I decided to find ways to keep my promise.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A B A C B B C B B A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A C B C C C B C B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B D D C B C B A C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A B C A D C G F B D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 A C D C B C A B C D
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D A B D B
1．A
【原文】M: I’d like some lamb. I’ve tried every grocery store in town, but I couldn’t find it. Don’t Americans eat lamb
W: Not many of us. But we always have some in stock here at Harvard Meats. What kind would you like
M: Any part of the lamb will do.
2．B
【原文】M: Where did the time go It seems like our graduation was just yesterday. And here we are, getting ready for the ten-year reunion.
W: Well, the graduating class of 2007 is not going to see me unless I lose ten pounds.
3．A
【原文】M: Your dog is beautiful. We both have the same kind of dog. I can tell you know about dogs because you chose the best species.
W: Um… thanks, I guess. But it’s not my dog. I’m a professional dog walker.
M: What a coincidence! I am, too.
4．C
【原文】M: I’m going to pick up some steaks for tonight. Can you make a salad
W: Sure, I think we still have a lot of lettuce in the fridge. Do you need anything else
M: Do we still have bread in the cupboard
W: We do, but just a couple of slices. You might want to pick up some more.
5．B
【原文】W: Is there a problem, officer I’m sure I was driving at the speed limit.
M: You were. But is everything OK It looked like you were screaming.
W: Oh, I’m so sorry. I was listening to this audio book, and it was so funny. I couldn’t stop laughing.
6．B 7．C
【原文】M: I’m so excited to hold a barbecue party next weekend for all the folks from my company.
W: I hope you’re planning on doing your famous pork chops again.
M: I might do something else, actually. I like the way the sausages taste when they’re cooked over gas. And for a big group like this, using gas is also more convenient.
W: You could just add some barbecue sauce.
M: I’ll think about it. Whatever I make, I’m looking forward to being outside all day tending to the grill.
W: Hey, doesn’t your sister need your help moving then Do we need to reschedule
M: No, she said it would either be this Saturday or next Sunday, so we’re good.
8．B 9．B
【原文】W: Hello, Bob. Did you get my card
M: Hello, Jill. Yes, thanks for the birthday card.
W: You’re welcome. You’re one of those friends I don’t want to lose touch with.
M: Aw, that’s nice of you to say.
W: I mean it. That’s why I wrote your birthday on my new calendar. I’ll never forget October 14!
M: Um, Jill I’m not sure how to tell you this, but...
W: Don’t worry if you forgot my birthday. You’ve done so much for me: helping me meet people at my new school, showing me how to study for my exams...
M: No, I didn’t forget your birthday. It’s just that my birthday is actually in December.
W: You’re kidding! December 14
M: It’s actually December 2. But thank you so much for the lovely card all the same!
10．A 11．C 12．A
【原文】M: May I help you
W: I sure hope so. My Internet isn’t working. I am working on a big court case, and I have to speak at the trial tomorrow. I’ve got to get online.
M: OK, Miss Smith. When was the last time your Internet worked
W: It was working this morning, because I checked my email. But after lunch, I couldn’t access my files. Oh, no! Judge Wapner is going to kill me!
M: Stay calm. Now, I’m going to ask you to check the black box that’s connected to the wire coming out of the wall. It should have some flashing lights.
W: I see it.
M: And is the top one green
W: No, it’s red.
M: Try turning it off and then back on.
W: OK, done. Oh, no! That little light is yellow now! I’ ll lose the case and my client will go to jail! Poor
Mr. Dugger!
M: It takes about twenty seconds to reconnect. It should change from yellow to green in that time.
W: Oh, yes, it’s green! I can never thank you enough!
13．C 14．B 15．C 16．C
【原文】M: Do you have the list, Mom I have to have everything on the list.
W: I brought it, Chris. But are you sure we have to buy everything today The name of this list is “Recommended Supplies ”. That doesn’t mean they’re required, does it
M: I think they’re all necessary.
W: It’s a lot of money, Chris. And I need to do some grocery shopping later on. Do you really need five notebooks
M: Yes, because I have five subjects to study. They want me to organize all my work.
W: I guess you’re right. Does Luke have a list, too
M: For third grade No, he’s too young for all this. Don’t worry, Mom. It will be worth it. You’ll be so proud of me because I’m going to be the best student in fifth grade.
W: Well, when you put it like that, I suppose we have to buy these things. But we don’t know if you’ll need them the first day or the last day, so is it really better to buy everything now
M: Well, this is a tax-free weekend. This is the best time to buy these things.
W: Tax-free Oh, yeah. I forgot. The city wants to help us buy school supplies, and that also gets us to buy more. It should be good for the economy.
M: And it’s not just school supplies, Mom. Clothes, backpacks, shoes...
17．C 18．B 19．C 20．B
【原文】
The 59th annual Grammy Awards was a night to remember, full of unforgettable performances. This year’s most memorable artist was definitely Adele, who amazed the audience with her voice and unique style. Fashion designers praised her dress that looked like it was made of glass, which she wore for her performance of “Hello”. They also loved the beautiful green gown that she wore for the rest of the night. It was her performance of “Hello” from her album 25 that was most extraordinary. In contrast to the other artists, who used moving set pieces and back-up dancers, Adele stood motionless, under a single light, and let her voice impress the audience. On a night that celebrates the best in music, and surrounded by the outstanding singers like Beyoncé, Justin Bieber, Rihanna, and Drake, this was a reminder just how talented this woman is. She was also given the honor of paying her respects to legendary pop artist George Michael — who had recently passed away — by singing his hit song “Fastlove”. At one point during the performance, she had some technical difficulties with the sound system, and she stopped the performance so she could start again, saying “I’m sorry, I can’t mess this up for him. I’m sorry.” When she accepted the award for Album of the Year, she dedicated her award to Beyoncé, her inspiration for many years — another example of professionalism from one of the world’s most beloved artists.
21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处适合家庭度假的旅游景点。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, star observation and Spanish lessons.(对于那些让你出城并邀请你和你的家人深入文化的海滩度假，可以考虑去巴拿马城旅行。在这里，您将享受海滩和城市探索。预订威斯汀普拉亚博尼塔酒店的住宿，在那里您可以预订每晚222美元起的房间。有各种各样的项目，包括海滩奥运会、观星和西班牙语课程)” 可知，巴拿马城既提供海滩活动，又有与天文学相关的“观星”项目，符合“对海滩活动和天文学都感兴趣的家庭”的需求。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.(在这里，你可以在篮球场投篮，在游泳池畅游，或者教你的孩子沙滩瑜伽)”可知，该度假村明确提到为孩子提供的活动是“沙滩瑜伽”。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. (对于那些让你出城并邀请你和你的家人深入文化的海滩度假，可以考虑去巴拿马城旅行)”、第二段“This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. (这个地方为您提供了与亲人共度的美好时光)”、第三段“The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. (西海岸是廉价海滩度假的好地方，所以告诉你的家人收拾行李去圣地亚哥旅游)”、第四段“Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179a night for a family of four.(入住毛伊岛榕树的阿斯顿酒店，一家四口每晚收费179美元)”可知，四个目的地的描述均围绕家庭展开，相同之处在于它们均以家庭旅行为目标群体。故选D项。
24．D 25．C 26．B 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Matthew Henson受水手故事启发，成为优秀水手，后与Robert Peary共同探索北极，成功到达北极并插上美国国旗，死后同葬英雄墓的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 1880, fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea. The travel, the adventure, the danger, and the steady pay were all attractive to young Henson. One day he made up his mind. Baltimore was the nearest large seaport. The next morning he set out on the forty-mile journey to seek work on a sailing ship.(1880年，14岁的Matthew Henson喜欢听水手们讲述他们在海上激动人心的生活故事。旅行、冒险、危险和稳定的收入都吸引着年轻的Henson。一天，他下定决心。巴尔的摩是最近的大型海港。第二天早上，他踏上了40英里的旅程，去一艘帆船上找工作)”可知，Matthew Henson喜欢听水手们讲述他们在海上激动人心的生活故事，这吸引着他去一艘帆船上找工作，即他对水手们激动人心的生活故事的羡慕促使他去一艘帆船上找工作。故选D项。
25．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Over the next five years, the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. However, they were not able to reach the pole either time.(在接下来的五年里，这两位探险家一起两次前往北极。然而，他们两次都没能到达极点)”和划线短语所在部分“The years of hardship and suffering in the arctic cold had taken their toll on both men. This would be their last chance.(多年来在北极寒冷的环境中生活的艰辛和痛苦taken their toll on两个人。这将是他们最后的机会)”可推知，在北极的寒冷中经历了多年的艰辛和苦难给他们带来不好的影响，让他们身体变差，所以这将是他们最后的机会。故画线短语taken their toll on的意思是“有严重的负面影响”。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unable to find work anywhere else, Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington, D. C. One day in1887, a man came in to buy a hat. The man, Lieutenant Robert Peary, asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea.(由于在其他地方找不到工作，Henson在华盛顿特区的一家帽子店找到了一份工作。1887年的一天，一个男人进来买帽子。这个人，Robert Peary中尉，问店主是否认识有海上经验的人)”可知，Robert Peary进入Henson工作的帽子店是因为他想买一顶帽子。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In later years, Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievement. Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes` graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.(在后来的岁月里，Robert Peary和Henson因他们的成就而备受尊敬。今天，这两位朋友和探险家伙伴躺在阿灵顿国家公墓相距不远的英雄墓中)”可推知，Henson和Peary躺在阿灵顿国家公墓相距不远的英雄墓中，说明他们因成就而受到高度尊敬。故选C项。
28．B 29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可以在城市中进行短距离投递的机器人。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there. (机器人内部还有另一个传感器，能让Postmates公司知道里面是否装有包裹)”可知，Serve内部额外传感器的特定功能是检测内部是否有包裹。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中““One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot’s ability to see the environment,”says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. (Postmates公司机器人部门副总裁阿里 卡沙尼表示：“我们早期的关键决策之一，就是高度依赖机器人观察环境的能力。”)”可知，Serve主要通过高度依赖自身的观察能力来感知和理解周围环境。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot, that’s a lot. (Serve适用于人行道，斯坦菲尔德表示这种环境极具挑战性。人们通常会盯着智能手机快速行走，这对机器人来说难度很大)”可知，亚伦 斯坦菲尔德教授提到的人行道机器人面临的主要挑战是“人们盯着手机快速行走的行为”。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段“Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities. (美国快递公司 Postmates 研发了一款名为 Serve 的机器人，其设计用途是在城市中进行短途配送)”以及后续段落又分别介绍了Serve的传感器配置、感知环境的方式、与行人的互动设计及使用计划等核心特征可知，文章主要目的是介绍Postmates公司的机器人Serve及其关键特点。故选A项。
32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。 杜兰大学研究发现，频繁生病可能加速大脑老化，并增加患痴呆或认知衰退的风险，以小鼠实验佐证，还提及研究意义与后续方向，强调保持健康防感染的重要性。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段““We were interested in asking whether differences in infection experience could account, at least in part, for the differences in rates of dementia we see in the population,” said lead author Elizabeth Engler-Chiurazzi, PhD. “The mice we were studying were healthy adults approaching middle age, and yet, when exposed to intermittent inflammation, they remembered less and their neurons functioned more poorly.” (该研究的主要作者伊丽莎白 恩格勒 - 基乌拉齐博士表示：“我们感兴趣的是，感染经历的差异是否能至少在一定程度上解释我们在人群中观察到的痴呆症发病率差异。我们研究的小鼠是接近中年的健康成年鼠，但当它们接触间歇性炎症时，记忆力会下降，神经元功能也会变差。”)”可知，研究人员开展研究是为了确认反复炎症是否会导致认知障碍。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第五段“Humans often experience infections and inflammation at substantially higher rates than laboratory mice. But given that impairments were observed in mice after only five intermittent inflammatory treatments, the cognitive change in humans may be more severe. (人类经历感染和炎症的频率通常远高于实验室小鼠。但鉴于仅经过五次间歇性炎症处理后，小鼠就出现了损伤，人类的认知变化可能会更严重)”可推断，由于人类生病更频繁，因此会因频繁生病遭受更严重的认知衰退。故选C项。
34．词句猜测题。根据第七段中“Going forward, Engler-Chiurazzi said more work needs to be done to understand why infections impact the brain and how to mitigate those effects. (恩格勒 - 基乌拉齐表示，未来需要开展更多研究，以了解感染为何会影响大脑，以及如何mitigate这些影响)”可知，“those effects”指“感染对大脑的不良影响”，结合“了解原因”和科研逻辑，后续应是研究“减轻”影响的方法，故mitigate意为“减轻”，与A项“relieve(缓解，减轻)”语义一致。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A study by Tulane University reveals that frequent illness may accelerate brain aging and increase the risk of dementia (痴呆) or cognitive decline. ( 杜兰大学研究发现，频繁生病可能加速大脑老化，并增加患痴呆或认知衰退的风险)”以及后文围绕该研究的对象（小鼠）、过程、结果及启示展开可知，文章主要讲频繁生病与痴呆症的关联。故选D项。
36．C 37．G 38．F 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了多任务处理的负面影响和单任务处理的建议与优势。
36．前文“Multitasking is really bad for how much work you can get done. When we do multiple tasks at once, we keep “switching tasks”. (多任务处理对你能完成多少工作是有害的。当我们同时做多项任务时，我们会不断地“切换任务”)”提到不断切换任务，后文“Switching between tasks a lot makes you less productive. Even though each switch cost might be small, when we keep changing between tasks over and over, those small costs add up to a lot. (频繁地在不同任务之间切换会降低你的效率。尽管每次转换的成本可能很小，但当我们不断地在任务之间切换时，这些小成本加起来就会很大)”说明每次切换都会降低效率，因此C项“This causes a “switch cost” — the time needed to get used to a new task. (这会导致“切换成本”——即适应新任务所需的时间)”符合语境，解释任务切换的具体负面影响，承前启后。故选C。
37．前文“Extending focused working time can improve work efficiency as well as work quality. (延长专注的工作时间可以提高工作效率和工作质量)”指出延长专注时间可以提升效率和质量，空处应补充额外益处，因此G项“It can also reduce your work stress to some extent. (这也能在一定程度上降低你的工作压力)”符合语境，补充减轻工作压力的益处，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的Extending focused working time。故选G。
38．前文“Mono-tasking is as much about getting rid of distractions as it is about focusing. (单任务处理既要集中注意力，也要避免分心)”建议排除干扰，后文“Mark fixed time on your calendar for specific work. (在日历上为特定的工作标记固定的时间)”给出固定工作时间的具体措施，空处应同样给出排除干扰的具体措施，因此F项“Shut down your phones’ apps or anything else that sends notification. (关闭手机应用或其他发送通知的功能)”符合语境，建议关闭通知以避免干扰，承接前文，和后文行为逻辑连贯。故选F。
39．后文“Schedule your day around peak performance times. Whether it’s early in the morning , right after lunch, or late at night, everyone has times of the day when they’re more productive. (把你的一天安排在工作效率最高的时候。无论是清晨、午饭后还是深夜，每个人都有一天中效率最高的时候)”主要讨论个人高效时段，建议在这一时段工作，空处是段落主旨句，应建议在个人高效时段工作，且需和其他段落主旨句一样使用祈使句的形式，因此B项“Plan deep work for times when you work best. (在你效率最高的时段安排深度工作)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选B。
40．前文“Try to remember: At the end of our lives, no one will remember how quickly we responded to emails; no one on their deathbed asks for more time to sit through another budget meeting. (试着记住：在我们生命的尽头，没有人会记得我们回复邮件的速度有多快；没有人在临终前会要求更多的时间来坐着开另一个预算会议)”批判无意义的忙碌，后文“This is the key part of doing one task at a time. (这是一次只做一项任务的关键部分)”强调某件事的关键性，空处应给出做有意义的事的建议，因此D项“Instead, we look for more time to concentrate on the meaningful thing. (相反，我们应争取更多时间专注真正有意义的事)”符合语境，提到应专注真正有意义的事，承前启后，选项内容是后文This指代的对象。故选D。
41．A 42．C 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲人工甜味剂糖精的偶然发现过程，及由此传递“犯错不可怕，常引新方向”的道理，鼓励人们持续尝试。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么人工甜味剂已成为众多加工食品（如饼干和苏打水）中常见的添加剂，这些食品含有甜味替代品。A. processed加工过的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. raw生的；D. green绿色的。根据下文举例“like cookies and soda”可知，饼干、苏打水均需经过工业加工才能制成，属于“加工食品”，processed符合此类食品的核心特征。故选A项。
42．考查介词短语辨析。句意：第一种人工甜味剂是偶然被发现的。A. by mistake错误地；B. on purpose故意地；C. by chance偶然地；D. on earth究竟。根据下文“the bread touched his tongue, and a surprisingly intense sweet taste filled his mouth”讲述科学家因手上残留化学物质、偶然尝到甜味才发现糖精的情节可知，此次发现并非主动计划，而是意外情况，by chance体现“偶然”的属性，与故事逻辑一致。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：19世纪70年代，科学家康斯坦丁 法尔伯格正致力于一项实验。A. focused专注的（常与on搭配）；B. engaged忙碌的（常与in搭配）；C. absorbed全神贯注的（常与in搭配）；D. devoted专心致志的；全身心投入的（常与to搭配）。根据下文“to an experiment”以及语境可知，这里指康斯坦丁 法尔伯格致力于一项实验，be devoted to，侧重“全身心投入某事”，符合“专注于实验”的语境。故选D项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当一个化学容器翻倒时，他擦掉了液体，认为这种无害物质只是溅到了他的手指上。A. ran over碾过；B. took over接管；C. tipped over翻倒；D. controlled over控制。根据下文“he wiped the liquid”可推断，容器需翻倒才能让液体溢出，tipped over精准体现“容器倾倒”的动作，与“擦液体”的后续行为逻辑连贯。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. feet脚；B. fingers手指；C. arms胳膊；D. skin皮肤。根据下文“In his hurry to continue his work, Fahlberg 　　6　　 washing his hands thoroughly”可知，化学物质溅到的是手部区域，fingers是手部的具体部位，与洗手的动作直接相关。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：法尔伯格急于继续工作，没有彻底洗手。A. thought认为；B. imagined想象；C. skipped跳过、未做；D. desired渴望。根据下文“with chemical traces still 7 on his dirty hands”可知，他并未完成“彻底洗手”的动作，skipped表示“跳过应做的事”，直接体现“未洗手”的结果，与“手上残留痕迹”形成因果关联。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他回家吃饭，脏手上仍残留着化学痕迹。A. lingering残留、逗留；B. losing失去；C. insisted坚持；D. wondering想知道。结合“dirty hands”和下文“the bread touched his tongue, and a surprisingly intense sweet taste filled his mouth”可知，只有化学物质残留在手上，才会通过接触面包被尝到，lingering符合“残留”的状态描述。故选A项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：面包一碰到他的舌头，嘴里就立刻充满了令人惊讶的浓烈甜味。A. Remarkably显著地；B. Instantly立刻、马上；C. Carelessly粗心地；D. Happily快乐地。根据下文“the bread touched his tongue”与“a surprisingly intense sweet taste filled his mouth”的动作衔接可知，甜味应是“瞬间产生”，Instantly体现动作与结果的即时性，符合味觉感知的快速性。故选B项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他冲回实验室，尝了视线范围内的所有东西，决心查明甜味的来源。A. range范围；B. look样子；C. sight视力、视线；D. place地方。根据上文“He rushed back to the lab, tasting everything”以及语境可知，这里表示他尝了视线范围内的所有东西，in sight，是固定短语，意为“在视线范围内”，符合“寻找甜味来源”的急切心态。故选C项。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. go through经历；B. watch over照看；C. take on承担；D. look into调查、查明。根据下文“the source of it”可知，他的核心目的是“弄清楚来源”，look into有“调查、探究”之意，与“寻找来源”的语义直接匹配。故选D项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，他确认那溅出的化合物味道极甜 —— 远比糖甜。A. touched触摸；B. felt感觉；C. smelled闻；D. identified确认、识别。结合上文“determined to 10 the source of it”以及语境可知，此处是“确认”了溅出的化合物是甜味的来源，identified体现“通过探究确定事物属性”的动作。故选D项。
52． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将其命名为糖精，这是第一种人工甜味剂。A. called称呼、命名；B. thought认为；C. titled加标题（常用于书籍、文章）；D. labeled贴标签（侧重物理贴标签的动作）。根据下文“it saccharin”以及语境可知，此处是“给物质起名字”，called是常用的“命名”动词，符合“为新发现物质定名”的语境。故选A项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个偶然的故事，但它蕴含着宝贵的道理：我们都会犯错，这并不可怕。A. routine常规；B. tale故事；C. joke笑话；D. habit习惯。根据上文“In the 1870s, scientist Constantin Fahlberg was 　3　to an experiment”以及语境可知，前文完整讲述了科学家偶然发现糖精的经过，属于一个故事，tale 有“故事”之意，与“讲述事件经过”的语境直接匹配。故选B项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个偶然的故事，但它蕴含着宝贵的道理：我们都会犯错，这并不是坏事。A. good好的；B. true真实的；C. wrong 错误的；D. bad 坏的、可怕的。根据下文“Mistakes often 15 us down new ways”可知，此处强调“犯错不是坏事、不可怕”，bad 符合“负面、可怕”的语义，与后文“错误的积极意义”形成对比。故选D项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：错误常常指引我们走向新的道路。A. achieve实现；B. guide指引、引导；C. acknowledge承认；D. obtain获得。根据下文“us down new ways”可知，此处指“错误带领、指引人走向新方向”，guide有“指引”之意，与“走向新道路”的语义连贯。故选B项。
56．a 57．Growing/Having grown 58．whose 59．was admitted 60．Initially 61．on 62．to pursue 63．has published 64．scientific 65．that
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述清华博士生庞众望当选“感动中国2024年度人物”，他出身贫困仍乐观奋进，靠奖学金求学，科研报国，其故事激励他人。
56．考查冠词。句意：清华大学精密仪器系博士生庞众望于周六当选“感动中国2024年度人物” 之一。这里表泛指“一名博士生”，且doctoral以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在极度贫困的环境中长大，经历了重重磨难。此空考查非谓语，逻辑主语he与grow up之间为主动关系，再根据语境可知，这里可用现在分词形式growing形式作状语，也可用现在分词完成式having grown，强调非谓语动作先于谓语动作，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Growing或Having grown。
58．考查定语从句。句意：他的父亲患有精神分裂症，而下半身瘫痪的母亲则需依靠轮椅出行。所填空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his mother，且在从句中作定语（修饰“lower body”），应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
59．考查 时态和语态。句意：2017年，庞众望以高分考入清华大学。此空考查谓语动词，Pang与admit之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去（2017年），应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语Pang为单数。故填was admitted。
60．考查副词。句意：起初，他担心自己会让人失望，但他在科研中找到了方向，并在无数次失败中坚持了下来。所填空修饰整个句子，需用形容词initial的副词形式initially，表“起初；最初”，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Initially。
61．考查介词。句意：他拒绝接受捐赠，而是依靠学校奖学金。这里考查rely on，为固定搭配，意为“依靠；依赖”，符合语境。故填on。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：遗憾的是，他的母亲在2020年去世，而那时他刚获得在清华大学攻读博士学位的机会。名词opportunity后常用动词不定式作后置定语，表“做某事的机会”，the opportunity to pursue a doctorate，意为“攻读博士学位的机会”，符合语境。故填to pursue。
63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为顶尖学者，过去几年他发表了多篇SCI论文并拥有多项专利，致力于“以科研报国”—— 这是他全心投入的使命。此空考查谓语动词，he与publish为主动关系，再根据时间状语over the past few years可知，这里应用现在完成时；主语he为单数。故填has published。
64．考查形容词。句意：作为顶尖学者，过去几年他发表了多篇SCI论文并拥有多项专利，致力于“以科研报国”—— 这是他全心投入的使命。所填空修饰名词research，需用名词science的形容词形式scientific，表“科学的”。故填scientific。
65．考查宾语从句。句意：他的经历告诉我们，只要心怀希望、意志坚定，我们都能不负期待，创造属于自己的精彩。分析句子结构可知，这里考查宾语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用that引导。故填that。
66．Dear Peter,
How are you doing I can’t wait to share with you my amazing experience with my family during the National Day holiday, where AI brought so much convenience to travel.
For example, when buying tickets for scenic spots, I used mobile payment directly, which saved me from the trouble of carrying cash or waiting in long lines. Also, face recognition technology allowed us to enter attractions quickly, saving us a lot of time and trouble. It was super efficient!
These AI applications made my trip much smoother and more enjoyable. I really felt how technology is changing our lives for the better, making travel easier and more fun. I sincerely invite you to come to China and experience this convenient travel with AI by yourself. I’m sure you’ll love it! Looking forward to your reply.（135）
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Peter,
How are you doing Just as planned, my family went on a week-long tour during the National Day holiday. Here I’d like to share with you what we experienced.
When traveling, we were amazed at the changes and convenience brought by AI. First of all, wherever and whenever we went, we could use the mobile payment, including buying admission tickets. More interestingly, we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card. We could do it through a face recognition app now, which really saved time so that we didn’t have to wait in a queue. What an amazing experience
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this when you have spare time. Looking forward to your arrival.（123）
Yours,
Li Hua
67．Paragraph 1: Tears welled up in my eyes as I accepted his generosity: “I…I don’t know what to say. Thank you. Really, thank you and your mother, so much.” I managed to say, my voice thick with emotion. “I’ll pay this kindness forward, I promise.” “That’ll be great,” he smiled warmly, giving my arm a brief, reassuring pat, “Have a good night.” I stood there, my eyes following him until he faded into the glow of the exit. That evening, as I told my family about the incident, they were deeply moved.（91）
Paragraph 2: I decided to find ways to keep my promise. I started volunteering regularly at a local food bank every weekend. At school, whenever I noticed my classmates struggling, I offered a helping hand. Besides, I donated unused items to the charity, offered my seat on the bus, helped my neighbors with their groceries, and bought a coffee for the homeless when chances came. Every time I paid forward, I knew the kindness didn’t end with me but was passed on, just as the man had hoped and just as I had promised.（83）

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