资源简介 (共33张PPT)2026届高考二轮专题复习主谓一致高频考点:1. 主谓一致的原则2. 主谓一致的基本用法01考情分析主谓一致是历年高考常考的知识点。近几年新高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在语法填空,以主谓一致的原则和与时态语态的结合为主。1. 定义语法一致:主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。2. 用法(1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数。Percy has made great progress in Chinese.珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。(2)代词all作主语:指人时,谓语动词用复数;指事物或现象时,谓语动词通常用单数。All are equal before the law. 法律面前,人人平等。All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。02知识点讲解一、语法一致原则1. 定义形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语时,谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定。2. 用法(1)形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时,如police, cattle等,谓语动词用复数。The police have not made any arrests.警方未逮捕任何人。(2)表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时,常被看作整体,谓语动词用单数。Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。Three thousand miles is a long distance. 三千英里是一段很长的距离。02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则(3)以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时,如maths, physics, politics, news等,谓语动词用单数。Maths is my favorite subject.数学是我最喜欢的科目。Bad news travels quickly.坏事传千里。(4)表示某国人总称的名词作主语时,如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等,谓语动词用复数。The Chinese are hard-working.中国人民是勤劳的。02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则(5)单复数同形的名词作主语时,如 sheep,deer,fish,means,works(工厂)等,谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。Three sheep are eating grass there.三只羊正在那里吃草。A sheep is lying there.有只羊正躺在那里。All means have been tried.所有方式都试过了。Every means has been tried.每一种方式都试过了。02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则(6)表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the+姓氏复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。The Greens are going to Paris.格林一家要去巴黎。They provided food and shelter for the poor.他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。The Smiths go out for a walk after dinner every day.史密斯夫妇每天晚饭后都出去散步。The wounded have been cured and the lost have been found.受伤的人被治愈,同时失踪的人也被找到了。02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则(7)集体名词作主语时,如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等,谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时,谓语动词用单数;如果指其中各个成员时,谓语动词用复数。The whole class are doing experiments.全班学生正在做实验。(强调class里的各个成员)The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls.这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。(强调class这一整体)02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则(8)分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时,谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...,plenty of, a great deal of等+主语,谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。The number of staff has declined from 218,000 to 116,000.员工人数从21.8万下降到了11.6万。A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully.大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。A number of measures were being taken to protect the endangered animals.人们正采取各种措施保护濒危动物。02知识点讲解二、意义一致原则1. 定义谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。2. 用法(1)并列连词连接的成分作主语or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。Was he or you able to persuade her 是你还是他能够说服她?Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛,要么他去。02知识点讲解三、就近一致原则(2)there be, here be结构中在there be, here be结构中,若有几个并列成分作主语,谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table.桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table.桌子上有两把小刀、一支钢笔和几本书。(3)many a/more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。Many a parent was forced to go through this same painful process.很多父母都被迫经历这一段痛苦的过程。02知识点讲解三、就近一致原则课堂巩固训练041.Great changes ________(take) place in our school in the past two years.1. have taken。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的两年中,我们学校发生了巨大的变化。根据句意和所给动词take分析句子可知,空格处是该句子的谓语部分;根据句中的时间状语in the last two years可知,该句子应该用现在完成时;再由主语great changes可知,谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填have taken。2.Thirty years ago, five factories ________ (build) in our village, polluting the environment badly.2. were built。考查时态语态。句意:30年前,我们村里建了5家工厂,严重污染了环境。build与主语five factories是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,由Thirty years ago可知,此处陈述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数,be动词使用were。故填were built。3.The number of the students who ________(possess) cell phones ________(be) increasing rapidly, which affects the normal teaching badly.3. possess;is。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:拥有手机的学生人数正在迅速增加,这严重影响了正常的教学。第一空定语从句中谓语与先行词the students保持一致,谓语动词用复数;第二空主语是number,单数意义。故填①possess;②is。4.What we need ________ (be) enough water, but what they need ________ (be) houses.4.is,are。考查主谓一致。句意:我们需要的是足够的水,但他们需要的是房子。what引导主语从句,其谓语动词be应和后面名词单复数保持一致,空1后为不可数名词water,故谓语动词用第三人称单数,空2后为复数名词houses,故谓语动词用复数;本句描述现在事实,用一般现在时。故填①is②are。5.Early to bed and early to rise ________ (make) a man healthy, happy and wise.5.make。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:早睡早起让人健康、快乐、明智。“Early to bed and early to rise”算一个习惯,视为整体,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处是第三人称单数,故填makes。6.Up to now, a number of tests ________ (conduct) to make sure that it has no side effects.6.have been conducted。考查时态语态。句意:到目前为止,已经进行了许多试验以确保它没有副作用。主语与谓语构成被动关系,结合上文Up to now可知为现在完成时的被动语态,主语为 a number of tests ,助动词用have。故填have been conducted。7.A survey shows that 80 of the middle-aged in this city ________ (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform.7.are。考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意:一项调查显示这个城市的中年人中有80人赞成医疗改革的建议。当“分数/百分数+of+名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词的数应该与of后面的名词保持一致。the middle-aged是“the+形容词”结构,指一类人,谓语动词用复数。根据上文shows可知为一般现在时。故填are。8.Magic is a member of an all-volunteer charity. It ________ (run) by Debbie Garcia Bengochea and her husband.8.is run。考查动词语态。句意:魔术师是一个全是志愿者的慈善机构的成员。它由Debbie Garcia-Bengochea和她的丈夫经营。run与主语it是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,因此空格处使用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词使用is。故填is run。9.Large quantities of money____________(spend) in searching for a cure for this terrible disease so far.9.have been spent。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,已经花了大量的钱来寻找治疗这种可怕疾病的方法。根据so far可知句子用现在完成时态,句子主语Large quantities of money和谓语动词spend之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时态的被动语态,且Large quantities of修饰不可数名词money作主语,谓语动词和quantities在数上保持一致,故填have been spent。10.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ (wash) away each year.10.are being washed。考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:随着越来越多的森林被破坏,每年大量的好土地被冲走。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语good earth和动词wash为被动关系,结合句意可知,此处为表示正在进行的动作,所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构,其中主语good earth被quantities of修饰,后面无论加可数或不可数名词,谓语动词都要用复数。故填are being washed。11.Whether it will do us harm or good ________(remain) to be seen.11.remains。考查时态。句意:这对我们是好是坏还有待观察。分析句子可知,remain在句中作谓语动词,表示“仍需去做(或说、处理)”,与主语从句Whether it will do us harm or good之间是主动关系,描述目前的情况,用一般现在时态,从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填remains。12.Built in 1554, during the Ming Dynasty’s defence against the Miao, the wall ________ (destroy) partly by the Miao ethnic group. 12.was destroyed。考查动词语态。句意:长城建于1554年,在明朝抵御苗族入侵期间,部分被苗族摧毁。destroy与主语the wall是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,由during the Ming Dynasty’s defence against the Miao可知,此处陈述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词使用was。故填was destroyed。13.This is the first time that four helpless ladies ________(rob) in our town.13.have been robbed。考查时态语态。句意:这是我们镇上第一次有四位无助的女士被抢劫。It is/was the+序数词+time that...固定句型,表示“第几次做……”,如果前面是is后面that从句应用现在完成时,如果前面是was,后面that从句应用过去完成时,此处应用现在完成时,且主语four helpless ladies和动词rob是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动,主语是复数,助动词应用have,故填have been robbed14.Tom’s new bike ________(steal) the day before yesterday, and he hasn’t recovered it.14.was stolen。考查时态语态。句意:汤姆的新自行车前天被偷了,他还没有找回来。steal与主语Tom’s new bike是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,由the day before yesterday可知,此处陈述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词使用was。故填was stolen。15.Up till now, no news ________ (hear) of the missing people in the flood.15.has been heard。考查动词语态。句意:到目前为止,还没有洪水中失踪人员的消息。根据Up till now可知,应用现在完成时,news是不可数名词,助动词使用has,与hear是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填has been heard。微技能二:意义一致。16.My family _______ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ______ (be) all party members.16. is,are。考查动词。句意:我家是我们村最大的一家。此外,我的家人都是党员。分析句子,句子描述客观事实,故使用一般现在时。当集体名词family, class等作主语时,如果强调整体时谓语动词用单数形式,如果强调个体时,则用复数形式。第一空为强调整体,be动词用is;第二空强调个体,指代“家人们”表示复数意义,故be动词用are。故答案为is;are。17..Look! The police ________ (search) the woods now and surely the thief ______ (catch) very soon.17.are searching,will be caught。考查动词时态。句意:看!警察正在树林里搜查,相信小偷很快就会被抓住的。根据Look!可知,第一空陈述正在发生的动作,应用现在进行时,主语police是集合名词,谓语动词使用复数形式;第二空根据very soon可知,陈述将要发生的动作,应用一般将来时,与主语the thief是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填①are searching;②will be caught。18.I think it’s Tom, rather than you, who ________ (be) to blame.18. is。考查主谓一致。句意:是汤姆而不是你应负责任。分析句子可知,句子是强调句型,强调主语,当主语后面有rather than短语时,谓语动词不受这些短语的影响,故本句是对主语Tom进行强调;由原句中的is可知,句子用一般现在时,故填is。19.Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, ________ (resign) from the company since it announced its transformation plan.19. has resigned.考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意:自从公司宣布改组计划之后,乔纳森和他的同事们就已经决定辞职了。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语。根据since引导时间状语从句可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语“A, as well as B”对应的谓语动词的数应遵循就远原则,前面的主语人称Johnathan为单数形式,主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系,故填has resigned。20.The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ____ (be) from the countryside in our school.20.is。考查主谓一致。句意:坐在窗边的男孩是我们学校唯一一个来自农村的学生。分析句子可知,此处为who引导的定语从句中谓语动词的填入,因先行词the only one of the students为单数,所以从句中的谓语动词也应为单数形式。故填is。21.A poet and artist ______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.21. is。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一位诗人兼艺术家明天下午要给我们讲中国文学和绘画。由“this afternoon”及coming可知,句子用现在进行时表将来,A poet and artist表示“一位作家兼诗人”作主语,指一个人,谓语用单数,即is,故填is。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览