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(共42张PPT)
Grammar
The Attributive Clause
（定语从句）
金山办公软件有限公司
2026届高考二轮专题复习
Lead-in
找出歌词中的定语从句
小|清|新|通|用|演|示|模|板
(1)I wonder how...the days we had / the songs we sang together.
(2)You are the one who set it up now...I’m the one who’s feeling dust right now...Every little things you said.
(3)Remember the first day when I saw your face. Remember the first day when you smiled at me....I was the woman you dreamed about.
(4)About that girl, the one I let get away.
(5)I need to be the one who takes you home.
(6)Just something I can turn to / Somebody I can kiss...
(7)She is the one that you never forget. She is the heaven sent angel you met.
(8)She must be the reason why God made a girl.
The Attributive Clause
（定语从句）
What is the attribute （什么是定语）
5. Mother made a birthday cake for me．
3. Lucy's father is a poor worker．
4. We belong to the third world.
2. My brother is a teacher.
1. It's a red car．She is a beautiful girl.
（形容词）
（形容词性物主代词）
（数词）
（名词所有格/形容词）
（名词）
定语：用来修饰、限定或说明名词或代词的品质与特征的句子成分。
汉语翻译中常用“......的”来表示。
10. This is the book that I like.
9. I have homework to finish．
8. I liked the food cooked by my mother.
7. The falling leaves are beautiful.
6. The man under the tree is my teacher．
（介词短语）
（现在分词）
（过去分词）
（不定式）
（从句）
定语通常由形容词，代词(形容词性物主代词），数词，名词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。
What is the attribute clause
（什么是定语从句）
Zhao Lusi is an actress who is full of energy.
定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。
定语从句：在复合句中用来修饰限定一个名词或代词的句子（相当于一个形容词）。
Zhao Lusi is an actress who is full of energy.
主句
先 行 词
关 系 词
定从
定
语
从
句
概念
关系词：引导定语从句的词。它有三个作用
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
在全句中作
定语的从句
引导定
语从句
代表先行词
在从句中作句子成分
限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别
不用
用
不明确
明确
翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前
按句子顺序, 翻译成两个简单句
名词或代词
既可为名词或代词, 也可是整个主句
that/which/who/whom/ whose/when/where/why
关系代词作宾语可省略
不能用that/why(for which),
which可以指代一整件事
所有关系词都不可省略
关系代词
Part One
(1) I don't know who is the man I saw this morning.
(2) The person you introduced to me is very humorous.
(3) The season comes after spring is summer.
(4) Yesterday I received a letter came from Australia.
(5)He has a friend _________ father is a doctor.
(6)The classroom ________ door is broken will soon be repaired.
（指人，作宾语）
（指人，作宾语）
（指物，作主语）
（指物，作主语）
(that/who/whom)
(that/who/whom)
that/which
that/which
Fill in the blanks and make a summary.
whose
（指人，作定语）
whose
（指物，作定语）
summary
① who指人，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）。
② whom指人，作宾语 (作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省)
③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
④that 在定语从句中既可指人也可指物，既可作主语也可做宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
（指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。）
⑤ whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。whose既可指人，也可指物。
1.Do you know the man ____________ is talking with your mother
2.This is the person ______________ you should thank for helping your son.
3.The girl ___________ graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
4.I like those books ____________ topics are about history.
5.Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
6.Look，here are some people ______________ I want you to meet.
7.Look at the kites __________ are flying in the sky.
who/that
who/whom/that
who/that
whose
whose
(who/whom/that)
即学活用
which/that
8.The pen _________ I’m using is pretty good.
9.Can you show me the photo _________ you like best
10. He likes to read books ____________are written by Shakespeare.
11. This is the pen ___________ he bought yesterday.
12.The number of smokers, ____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
13.Creating an atmosphere in _____ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
14.The year ________Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
15. Laura was always helping her brother with his physics after school, ________ made her parents very happy.
which/that
which/that
which/that
which/that
as
which
that/which
which
关系代词难点归纳
1. Do you have anything _____ you don’t understand
2. These are all the pictures _____ I have seen.
3. Fear is the only thing _____ holds you back.
4. The last place ______ we visited was the Great Wall.
5. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
6. He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.
7.Who is the man _______ is standing by the gate
8. The day on ______ he was born was Aug.20, 1952.
that
that
which
难点 1：that & which
that
that
that
which
Summing up 1: 关系代词只用that的常见情况
Summing up 2: 关系代词只用which的常见情况
that
1. Do you have anything _____ you don’t understand
2. These are all the pictures _____ I have seen.
3. Fear is the only thing _____ holds you back.
4. The last place ______ we visited was the Great Wall.
6. He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.
7. Who is the man _______ is standing by the gate
that
that
难点 1：that & which
that
that
that
that
Summing up: 关系代词只用that的常见情况
1.先行词为指物的anything,something,nothing, everything等不定代词时。
2.先行词被all, little, few,any, every, no等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词, 最高级, the very, the only,the last,the next 等修饰时。
4. 先行词包括人和物时。
5.主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 只用that不用which。
5. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
7. The day on ______ he was born was Aug.20, 1952.
which
难点 1：that & which
which
Summing up: 关系代词指物时只用which的情况
1. 在非限制性定语从句中。
2. 指物，介词后。
1. People all like those who have good manners.
2. There are some people who want to have holidays in Hainan.
3. Professor Wang, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
难点 2：who & that/whom 的区别
Summing up: 关系代词只用who不用that/whom的情况
1. 先行词是指人的不定代词, 如: one, ones, anyone,no one, that, those, all, nobody, anybody, none, someone等时。
2. 在there be句型中, 多用who指代人。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人作主语时。
1. Jack is a good teacher on you can rely .
2. Jack is a good teacher, you can rely on.
难点 2：who & that/whom 的区别
whom
whom
Summing up: 只用whom而不用that/who的情况:
1. 在“介词＋关系代词”结构中且先行词指人时只用whom。
2. 非限制性定语从句的先行词在从句中作宾语且先行词是人时，只用whom。
1. As we all know, Lu Xun is a great writer.
2. He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.
3. He is a cheat, as everyone can see.
4. The book, which Mary bought at the store,was red.
难点 3：as & which
Summing up: as和which 之间的区别
1. as引导定语从句位置灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。
2. as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句，又可以是主句的名词或代词。
3. as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all, as you can see, as is expected等。
1. It is such a difficult problem as none of us can work out.
2. He wears the same coat as I do.
难点 3：as & which
Summing up: as和which 之间的区别
4.在as...as（和…一样）, so...as,such...as（如此…以至于）,the same...as（和…一样）,as we all know,as is known to all（众所周知）, as is often the case（…是常有的事）,as is reported（正如报道的那样） 等固定搭配中，定语从句只用as引导。
1. Is this the house _____ _____ Shakespeare was born
2. I still remember the day _____ _____ I first got to Paris.
3. China is a beautiful country _____ ____ we are proud.
4. He gave me some novels _____ _____ I am not very familiar.
in which
on which
of which
with which
难点 4：介词＋关系词 (which/whom)
Summing up:
确定介词的方法：
1. 与先行词的搭配
2. 与从句中动词的搭配
关系副词
Part Two
关系副词
01
When
时间状语
02
Where
地点状语
03
Why
原因状语
=at/in/on/during which
=at/in/on which
=for which
When的用法
We remembered the first day we entered senior high school.
我还记得我们刚进入高中的第一天
I often think of the moment I first saw her.
我经常想起第一次见到她的那一刻
作时间状语
作时间状语
缺时间状语
on the first day
缺时间状语at the moment
= on which
= at which
when
when
Where的用法
This is the place she sleeps.
这是她睡觉的地方
The factory I worked was 9 km from my home .
我工作的工厂离我家有9千米
作地点状语
作地点状语
缺地点状语in the place
缺地点状语in the factory
where
where
= in which
= in which
Why的用法
The reason I got a job was because of my hard work.
我得到工作的原因是因为我的努力工作。
This was the reason they broke up.
这是他们分手的原因。
作原因状语
作原因状语
缺原因状语for the reason
缺原因状语for the reason
why
why
= for which
= for which
先行词 关系副词 在从句中的作用 与“介词+关系代词”的关系
表时间的名词“time, day,year等” when 作时间状语 =at/in/on/ during which
表地点的名词“park, place,country,house等” where 作地点状语 =in/at/on which
表原因的名词“reason” why 作原因状语 =for which
Summary
I'll never forget the days_________we worked together.
I'll never forget the days_______________we spent together.
This is the house __________he was born.
This is the house______________ was set up by his parents.
This is the reason __________he was late.
This is the reason________________he told us.
when
that/which
where
that/which
why
that/which
缺时间状语 in the days
缺spent的宾语the days
缺地点状语
缺主语
缺原因状语for the reason
缺told的直接宾语
小试牛刀
1. This is the place _________________ he works.
This is the place _____________we visited last year.
2. That was the time _______ he arrived.
Do you still remember the time _________ we spent together
3. This is the reason _______________ he went.
The reason _______________ he gave us was quite reasonable.
where/in which
which/that
when
that/which
why/for which
that/which
1. I’ll never forget the day __________ we met.
2. I’ll never forget the day __________ we spent together.
3. I went to the place __________ I worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place __________ I visited ten years ago.
5. This is the reason __________ he was late.
6. This is the reason __________ he gave.
when
that/which
where
that/which
why
that/which
Summing up:
关系代词：在从句中做主语或宾语
关系副词：在从句中做状语
难点1：关系代词与关系副词的选用
1. We’re just trying to reach a point ________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
2. Peter put himself in a situation _______ he had to leave the company.
3. The conflict had developed into a stage _________ the two countries had to sit down and have a talk.
4. Sales director is a position _________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
where
Summing up:
先行词表示抽象地点(如place, room, house, area, point, situation, case, condition, position, stage, atmosphere, spot,scene…)，在定语从句中作地点状语，用where相当于“介词+which”
难点2：先行词表示抽象地点
where
where
where
Summary
Part Three
Summary：
定语从句中的主谓一致问题
关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题，因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语动词单复数要与先行词的单复数保持一致。
1.I came to get the book that /which was left in the classroom.
2.I came to get the books that/which were left in the classroom.
3.This is one of the rooms that/which were damaged in the fire.
练习：
1. Tom is a funny boy who_______(like) funny stories.
2. Do you see the boys who ______(be) playing football over there
likes
are
Draw a mind map to conclude
解题技巧
如何判断先行词在从句中充当的成分？
1. 缺主语：从句以动词开始
We visited a factory ________ makes toys for children.
The man _____ is standing there is my teacher.
that
who
2.缺宾（表）语：先行词可以放在谓语动词后面
The letter ______ I received from him is very important.
This is the factory _____ I visited years ago.
that
that
3.缺定语：从句以名词开始，跟先行词是从属关系，即“先行词's + 名词 "。
This is the child _______ father is a teacher.
I'd like a room _______ window faces the south.
whose
whose
4.缺状语：从句完整，不缺主语或宾（表）语，不缺定语。先行词表示时间、地点或原因。
I'll never forget the day _____ we met.
This is the place ______ the story happened.
I don't know the reason _____ he came so late.
when
where
why

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