语法专题三:数词 课件(共27张)-2026届高三英语二轮复习

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语法专题三:数词 课件(共27张)-2026届高三英语二轮复习

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(共27张PPT)
语法总复习专题三
数词
2026届高考二轮专题复习
数词概述
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。
基数词的表示方法
1.基数词1~12是独立的词,13~19都是以teen结尾的词。
(1) 1~12要逐个记:
1---one   2---two 3---three    4---four
5---five   6----six 7---seven    8----eight
9----nine  10----ten 11----eleven  12----twelve
(2) 13~19都以teen结尾,都是双重音:
13----thirteen 14----fourteen 15----fifteen 
16-----sixteen 17----seventeen 18-----eighteen
19----nineteen
基数词的表示方法
2.基数词20~90整十位数都是以ty结尾。
20----twenty 30----thirty 40----forty 50----fifty 60----sixty 70----seventy 80----eighty 90----ninety
3 . 大数的表达
100----a hundred 1000 ----a thousand
1,000,000----a million(一百万)
1,000,000,000 ----a billion(十亿)
注:13~19的teen都是重读音,而20~90的ty 都是非重读音节;/'ti n/为长音,而/t /为短音。
基数词的表示方法
4.基数词21~99都是由“几十”和“几”合起来构成,
词中间加连字符(但音标里不加连字符),并分别重读。
21-----twenty one 34-----thirty four
78------seventy eight 99------ninety nine
5.基数词101~999,先说“几百”,再加“and”,再加末 两位数。
365---three hundred and sixty-five
234---two hundred and thirty-four
502---five hundred and two
基数词的表示方法
6.1,000以上的数,先从后向前数,每三位加“,”,
第一个“,”前为thousand(千);第二个“,”前为million
(百万);第三个“,”前为billion(十亿)。
4,007 85,626
402,407 14,002,102
8,946,724,631
常用基数词表
I II III
one eleven thirty
two twelve forty
three thirteen fifty
four fourteen sixty
five fifteen seventy
six sixteen eighty
seven seventeen ninety
eight eighteen hundred
nine nineteen thousand
ten twenty million/billion/trillion
1.小数的读法:小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全 相同,小数点读作“point”,小数点后只需将数字一一读出。
15.67 读作:
0.009 读作:
2.百分数的读法:先读基数词,再读百分号“%”(读percent)。
5% 读作:
0.5% 读作:
200% 读作:
其他数的表达
fifteen point six seven
zero point zero zero nine
five percent
zero point five percent
two hundred percent
3. 年代的读法为两位、两位地读。整百后读hundred,整千的后读thousand。
1937 年 读作:
或: nineteen hundred and thirty seven
1900年 读作:
1905年 读作:
  或: nineteen hundred and five
2000年 读作:
2020年 读作:
或: two thousand and twenty
nineteen thirty seven
nineteen hundred
nineteen o five
twenty twenty
two thousand
4.表示公元后在年份前或后加AD,公元前一律在年份后加BC。
表几十年代时,前加 the,后加's或s。
from 200 BC to 500 AD(AD 500)
从公元前200年到公元后500年
in the 1960's/1960s 读作:nineteen sixties 二十世纪六十年代
5.年、月、日的英语顺序为“月,日,年”。
“日”用序数词读和写(写时也可用基数词);“日”读在“月” 前 时要加读“of”。
写作:July 7(th),2005  2005年7月7日
读作:July (the) seventh two thousand and five
写作:7th July,2005  2005年7月7日
或 : the seventh of July two thousand and five
6.一些数学公式的读法:
“加”用plus/and,“减”用minus,“乘”用times/multiplied by
“除”用divided by,“等于(=)”用is/equals。
3+5=8 读作:Three plus/and five is(equals) eight.
9-2=7 读作:Nine minus two is(equals) seven.
6×5=30 读作:Five times six is(equals)thirty.
读作:Six multiplied by five is(equals)thirty.
8÷4=2 读作:Eight divided by four is(equals) two.
one→first two→second three→third
一、二、三 单独记
four→fourth th要从四加起
eight→eighth nine→ninth 八去t,九去e
five→fifth twelve→twelfth ve用f来代替
twenty→twentieth thirty→thirtieth 几十改y为ie
twenty-one→twenty-first thirty-four→thirty-fourth
若遇几十几,只变个位就可以
基变序有规律
first—1st
second—2nd
third—3rd
fourth—4th
sixth—6th
twentieth—20th
twenty-third—23rd
其中1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加th。
常用序数词表
I II III
first eleventh thirtieth
second twelfth fortieth
third thirteenth fiftieth
fourth fourteenth sixtieth
fifth fifteenth seventieth
sixth sixteenth eightieth
seventh seventeenth ninetieth
eighth eighteenth hundredth
ninth nineteenth thousandth
tenth twentieth millionth/billionth
常见基数词和序数词【概数词】
1
hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score等词前有具体数字时,词尾一般不加-s, 不与of 连用, 但可与many, a few, several等连用。 (双无:无s无of)
the+序数词表示“顺序”;a+序数词表示“又一,再一”。(another)
◆ three thousand books; thousands of books; many dozens of
◆ She is the first people to leave the room.
◆ I’ll give you a second chance.
★数词的应用
习语中的序数词冠词需牢记:
at first 开始 at first sight 乍看起来
first of all 首先 for the first time第一次
年龄、世纪、年代
2
“在某人几十岁时”:in one’s + 基数词整十的复数
“在……世纪……年代”: in the + 年份s/年份’s
◆ in his thirties / in my father’s fifties
◆ in the 1980s/ in the 1980’s
★数词的应用
“某人多大年龄”:at the age of+基数词 / 基数词+years old / 基数词-years-old
◆ at the age of 18 / 18 years old / a 18-year-old girl
搭配用法
3
“第几”:the+序数词+形容词/副词的最高级+名词单数。
“第几个做某事的...”: the+序数词+(n.)+to do sth.表示
◆ China is the second largest economy in the world.
◆ I am the first to come to the classroom.
★数词的应用
“这是某人第几次做某事”:It/This/That is/was the+序数词+time+that从句(is从句用现在完成时have/has done,was从句时态用过去完成时had done)
◆ This is the first time that I have come to your school.
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。(母序子基)
先读分子,再读分母。
分子为one时可换用“a”。
分子如果大于1,分母须用复数。(子大1,母复数)
1/3
one third
2/5
two fifths
1/4
a / one fourth
3/4
three quarters
three fourths
three and a / one half
分数
1.分数的表达与读法。
a quarter
分数和百分数
4
表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,在分母后加-s。
当分数修饰的名词为单数可数名词或不可数名词时,其后谓语动词用单数;
当分数修饰的名词为可数名词复数时,其后谓语动词用复数;
◆ 1/2不能用a second(一秒钟), 应用a/one half
◆ Two thirds of the students are girls in our class.
在我们班,三分之二的学生是女孩。
◆ Four sevenths of the land is covered with trees。
七分之四的土地被树覆盖着。
★分数的应用
分数和百分数
4
当分数后接名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;
小于1,名词用单数。
★分数的应用
hours
读作:one and a half hours
meters
读作:two and three fourths meters
meter
读作:four fifths meter
常用的时刻表达法有两种:
1. 直接表述 1:15 9:05
2. 借助于past和to的表述
① 当分钟数小于或等于30分钟时,用past。【分钟 + past + 小时】
11:10 12:15
② 当分钟数大于30分钟时,用to。【(60分钟-分钟) + to + (小时+1)】
1:58 9:45
one fifteen
nine o five
ten past eleven
a quarter past twelve
two to two
a quarter to ten
时间的表达
What time is it, please / What's the time, please
It is ......
seven fifteen
a quarter past seven
one o five
five past one
one forty
twenty to two
six thirty
half past six
six forty-five
a quarter to seven
one o'clock
A couple in their ____ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in council-run courses costing from £10 each time.
答案:seventies
解析:考查数词。句意:住在英国伦敦的一对夫妇可以选择在议会经营的球场打高尔夫,每次收费10英镑。
易错点:
对整十基础词复数变法规律掌握不牢,辅音字母加y结尾变y为i,再加-es。
Most Brits spend almost ______(two) as much of their leisure time socializing with others as they do being alone.
答案:twice
解析:考查数词。句意:大多数英国人花在社交上的闲暇时间几乎是独处时间的两倍。
易错点:
倍数表达法:倍数+as+adj./adv.+as;once“一倍”;twice“两倍”;
Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two ______ (three) of the global population living in areas where water is scarce for a month or more every year.
答案:thirds
解析:考查数词。句意:缺水是我们今天面临的最大危机之一,全球每年有三分之二的人口有一个月或更多的时间生活在缺水的地区。分数由基数词(分子)和序数词(分母)构成。
易错点:
分数表达法掌握不牢。分子大于一时,分母使用序数词复数形式。
The majority of the inhabitants left for the mainland in the early _______(1990).
答案:1990s/1990’s
解析:考查数词。句意:在二十世纪九十年代早期,大多数居民前往大陆。in the early 1990s表示“在20世纪90年代”。
易错点:
牢记年代表达法,易和名词复数所有格混淆,误写为1990s’
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ________ first time.
答案:the 解析:考查和数词相关的固定搭配中的冠词。for the first time是固定搭配,意为“第一次”。故填the。
真题练习
【2023模拟】In the summer holiday following my ________ (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons.
答案:eighteenth解析:考查序数词。句意:在我18岁生日后的暑假里,我上了驾驶课。根据句意可知,此处表示顺序,即第18个生日,故应用序数词。故填eighteenth。
真题练习

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